JPH10253501A - Inspecting device for ball bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inspecting device capable of detecting flaws in the vicinities of shoulders and at the bottom parts of raceway tracks of inner and outer rings, the presence or absence of admixtures, and the roundness of the raceway tracks and capable of performing detection all over the periphery of the outer ring. SOLUTION: In the state that a predetermined pressure is exerted on the outer ring of a ball bearing 1 by a pressure device formed of a ball screw 45, springs 63a and 63b, etc., the inner ring of the ball bearing 1 is rotated at high speeds by an inner ring rotating means formed of a motor 70, spindles 41a and 41b, etc., the vibrations of the outer ring is detected by a vibration detector, and the output signals of the vibration detector are processed by a determining means to determine whether there is any flaw in the raceway tracks of the inner and outer rings, etc. At this time, a pressing force to the outer ring is adjusted by the pressure means in fine increments during the rotation of the inner ring, and the outer ring is rotated at low speeds by an outer ring rotating means formed of a motor 70, decelerator 71, etc. In addition, the ball bearing 1 is rotated by 180 deg. by a reversing means after the completion of the inspection of one side to prepare for the inspection of the other side.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ball bearing inspection apparatus for detecting the presence or absence of a flaw on an outer ring of a ball bearing and inspecting the quality of the ball bearing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, when inspecting for good or defective ball bearings, an inspection system as shown in FIG. 6 is used.

In FIG. 6, 1 is a ball bearing to be inspected, 2 and 3 are inner and outer rings constituting the ball bearing 1, 4 is a plurality of balls disposed between the inner and outer rings 2 and 3. 5 is an inner ring rotating means for rotating the inner ring 2, 6 is a pressing means for applying pressure to the outer ring 3, 7 is a vibration detector comprising a piezoelectric element, which is disposed in contact with the outer ring 3, 6 detects vibration when the inner ring 2 is rotated at a predetermined speed by the inner ring rotating means 5 in a state where a predetermined pressing force is applied to the outer ring 3.

At this time, if there is a flaw or the like on the tracks of the inner and outer rings 2 and 3, the flaw causes vibration with the rotation of the inner ring 2. The change in the contact pressure is detected as a change in the pressure, and the change in the contact pressure is converted into a voltage, which is output as a detection signal.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 9 denotes a first amplifier for amplifying a detection signal output from the vibration detector 7; 10 an attenuator comprising a resistor or the like for attenuating the output signal of the first amplifier 9;
Reference numeral 11 denotes a second amplifying signal attenuated by the attenuator 10.
An amplifier 12 is a band-pass filter to which an output signal of the second amplifier 11 is input, and 13 is an acoustic amplifier, which amplifies a signal in an audible range filtered by the band-pass filter 12 to a speaker or the like connected to a subsequent stage. Output.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 14 denotes a detector for detecting the output signal of the band-pass filter 12, and 15 denotes a comparator, which compares the output signal level of the detector 14 with a preset reference level. As a result of the comparison, whether the output signal level of the detector 14 is lower or higher than the reference level is determined as good or defective, and the result of the determination is output to the subsequent sequencer. The two amplifiers 9 and 11, the attenuator 10, the band-pass filter 12, the acoustic amplifier 13, the detector 14 and the comparator 15 constitute a determination means.

The above-mentioned inner ring rotating means 5 and pressurizing means 6 are configured in detail as shown in FIG. That is, in FIG. 7, reference numeral 20 denotes a base, reference numeral 21 denotes a spindle for rotating an inner ring installed on the left side of the base 20, reference numeral 22 denotes an arbor, which is attached to a right end of the spindle 21, and which is to be inspected at a tip end of the arbor 22. An inner ring 2 of a certain ball bearing 1 is detachably fitted, and rotation of a motor (not shown) is transmitted to a spindle 21 via a pulley, a belt, and the like, and the inner ring 2 is rotated.

At this time, the left portion of the arbor 22 has a diameter larger than that of the right end, and a step is formed at a substantially central portion where the diameter changes, and the inner ring 2 abuts the step. It has a configuration.

In FIG. 7, reference numeral 25 denotes an air cylinder in which a piston rod 27 fixed to a right end of the upper surface of a base 20 via a pedestal 26 and moving in the left-right direction is coaxial with the center axis of the spindle 21 in the left-right direction. , 28 are guide rails arranged on the left end of the upper surface of the base 20 in the left-right direction, 29 are two sliders moving on the guide rail 28, 30 is a cross section fixed to both sliders 29 via an attachment member 31. U-shaped pressing member, 32 is a winding bar, 3
Reference numeral 3 denotes a spring wound around the winding bar 32.

A circular hole 34 having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the inner ring 2 of the ball bearing 1 to be inspected and smaller than the outer diameter of the outer ring 3 is formed in the upper left end of the pressing member 30. A through hole (not shown) that is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the winding bar 32 is formed in the upper right end.

A winding bar 32 is passed through a through hole at the upper right end of the pressing member 30, and the pressing member 3 is provided at the left end thereof.
A stopper 35 having a diameter larger than the diameter of the through-hole 0 is provided to prevent the through-hole from coming off. Air cylinder 2
The male thread portion formed on the outer periphery of the left end of the piston rod 27 is screwed into the right end of the winding bar 32, and the winding bar 32 is connected to the piston rod 27, and is formed on the outer periphery of the right end of the winding bar 32. An adjusting nut 36 for adjusting the spring pressure is screwed into the male screw portion thus formed, and both ends of the spring 33 are locked by the pressing member 30 and the adjusting nut 36. Reference numeral 37 denotes a nut for reinforcing the connection between the piston rod 27 and the winding bar 32.

Therefore, when the air cylinder 25 operates and the piston rod 27 moves to the left (in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 7), the winding bar 32 also moves to the left, and is pushed by the spring 33 to push the pressing member 30. Slide to the left and press member 30
When the piston rod 27 moves to the left, as shown in FIG.
3 is compressed, and a predetermined pressure due to the compression of the spring 33 is applied to the outer ring 3 via the pressing member 30. The adjustment of the pressing force at this time is performed by changing the screwing position of the adjustment nut 36 to the winding bar 32 and adjusting the compression force of the spring 33.

On the other hand, when the pressurization of the outer ring 3 is released, the air cylinder 25 operates in the opposite direction to the pressurization, and the piston rod 2
7 moves to the right, and the pressing member 3 which has contacted the outer ring 3
0 is separated from the outer ring 3, and the pressurization of the outer ring 3 is released.

Although not clearly shown in FIG. 7,
A reversing means for rotating the ball bearing 1 by 180 ° about an axis perpendicular to the axial direction is provided, and the reversing means reverses the ball bearing 1 after the inspection on one surface side of the ball bearing 1 is completed. Switching to the inspection on the other side of the device 1 is performed.

[0015]

However, in such a conventional apparatus, since the pressure is applied by the compression of the spring 33, it is difficult to finely adjust the pressing force while the inner ring 2 is rotating. However, the contact angle of the ball 4 on the tracks of the outer rings 2 and 3 is limited, and it is difficult to detect the presence or absence of a flaw near the shoulder of the tracks of the inner and outer rings 2 and 3, that is, at a high contact angle position. Was.

Further, by performing a vibration test while the pressure of the outer ring 3 is substantially zero while the inner ring 2 is rotating,
Although it is possible to detect the presence or absence of bottom flaws in the tracks of the outer rings 2 and 3, it is difficult to delicately reduce and adjust the pressing force of the outer ring 3 to near zero during rotation of the inner ring 2 with the conventional device. Therefore, it was impossible to detect the presence or absence of bottom flaws in the tracks of the inner and outer races 2, 3.

Further, in the above-described conventional apparatus, when the pressing force of the outer ring 3 is changed depending on the size of the ball bearing 1 to be inspected and the kind of flaw, the position of the adjusting nut 36 is adjusted as described above. It is necessary to change and set the compression force of the spring 33, and it is not possible to automatically set the compression force, which is troublesome. Moreover, since the compression force of the spring 33 generates the pressure force of the outer ring 3, the setting range of the pressure force is limited. There was a problem.

On the other hand, in the conventional device described above, the vibration detector 7 has only one contact position with the outer ring 3 and the outer ring 3
The presence or absence of a flaw in the orbit cannot be detected over the entire circumferential direction, so that there is a limit in terms of inspection reliability.

The problems to be solved by the present invention include:
It is an object of the present invention to provide a device which can detect the presence of a flaw near the shoulder or the bottom of the outer ring track, the presence or absence of foreign matter, the roundness of the track, and the entire outer ring in the circumferential direction.

[0020]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ball bearing comprising an inner ring, an outer ring, and a plurality of balls disposed between the inner and outer rings. Pressurizing means for applying a predetermined pressure, inner ring rotating means for supporting the inner ring and rotating the inner ring at a predetermined speed in a state where the outer ring is pressurized by the pressurizing means, and disposed in contact with the outer periphery of the outer ring A vibration detector, and a determination means for processing an output signal of the vibration detector to determine the presence or absence of a flaw in a track of the inner or outer ring, and the like, wherein the pressurizing means is provided by the inner ring rotating means. It is characterized in that it has a fine adjustment function of finely adjusting the pressure applied to the outer ring while the inner ring is rotating.

According to such a configuration, the inner wheel is rotated by the inner wheel rotating device in a state where the outer wheel is pressurized at a predetermined pressure by the pressing device, and the vibration at that time is detected by the vibration detector.

Then, by finely adjusting the pressurizing means and slightly increasing the pressurizing force from a predetermined value, the presence or absence of a flaw is inspected at a high contact angle position near the shoulder of the inner and outer raceways. By gradually reducing the pressing force by the pressurizing means, the presence or absence of bottom flaws in the inner and outer raceways is inspected.

Further, if the acoustic signal component is extracted from the output signal of the vibration detector, the roundness of the orbits of the inner and outer wheels is inspected from the beat sound.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the pressurizing means includes a motor, a ball screw rotated forward and reverse by the motor, and a moving member that moves bidirectionally by forward and reverse rotation of the ball screw. An interlocking member that interlocks with the moving member, a pressing member that is provided so as to be able to contact and separate from the outer ring and moves in a direction approaching the outer ring and away from the outer ring by movement of the interlocking member, and the pressing member is It is preferable that the interlocking member is biased in a state of being in contact with an end surface of the outer ring, and biasing means for applying a predetermined pressing force to the outer ring to the pressing member via the interlocking member is preferable.

According to such a configuration, the moving member, the interlocking member, and the pressing member move in the direction approaching the outer ring by, for example, forward rotation (or reverse rotation) of the ball screw, and the pressing member comes into contact with the outer ring before being attached. A predetermined pressure by the biasing means is applied to the outer ring, and the vibration is detected by the vibration detector.

At this time, when the ball screw is further rotated forward (or reversely), the pressure applied to the outer ring can be slightly increased, and when the ball screw is further rotated reversely (or forwardly), the outer ring can be rotated. The pressure applied to the outer ring can be reduced little by little, and the pressure applied to the outer ring can be easily adjusted.
In addition, a change in the pressing force accompanying a change in the inspection target can be easily handled only by changing the rotation amount of the ball screw.

According to the first or second aspect of the present invention, as described in the third aspect, the outer ring pressurized by the pressurizing means rotates at a lower speed than the rotation speed of the inner ring. With the rotation means, it is possible to inspect for the presence or absence of flaws and bottom flaws at high contact angle positions near the shoulders of the inner and outer raceways, and it is also possible to inspect the entire outer race in the circumferential direction. If the acoustic signal component is extracted from the output signal of the detector, the roundness of the inner and outer raceways can be inspected from the beat sound, and a multifunctional inspection apparatus can be provided.

Further, according to any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention, as set forth in the fourth aspect, there is provided a reversing means for rotating the ball bearing by 180 ° and reversing its one and other surfaces. In this case, the inspection of both sides of the ball bearing can be performed efficiently.

[0029]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is a plan view, FIG. 2 is a front view, FIG. 3 is a partial front view, FIG. 4 is a different front view, and FIG. 5 is a left side view of another part. still,
Since the configuration of the determination means used in the present embodiment is the same as that shown in FIG. 6, the following description will also refer to FIG.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, reference numeral 40 denotes a base having projections 40a and 40b projecting forward and backward at the right end.
Reference numerals a and 41b denote spindles for rotating the inner ring, which are installed on the left and front of the base 40, and reference numerals 42a and 42b denote arbors, which are attached to the right ends of the spindles 41a and 41b, respectively, and the tip portions of both arbors 42a and 42b. The inner ring 2 of the ball bearing 1 to be inspected is detachably fitted to each other, and the rotation of a motor (not shown) is transmitted to both spindles 41a and 41b via a pulley and a belt, and the inner ring 2 is moved at a high speed such as 1800 rpm. Rotated. These spindles 41a, 41b, arbor 42
The inner ring rotating means is constituted by a, 42b, a motor, a pulley, and a belt (not shown).

At this time, the root portions of the arbors 42a and 42b are larger in diameter at the root portion on the left side than at the tip on the right side. The inner ring 2 is configured to contact the stepped portions of the arbor 42a, 42b.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numerals 43 and 44 denote left and right support members fixed to a substantially central portion and a right end central portion of the upper surface of the base 40, and 45 denotes a left support member to which the left end is connected via a bearing. A left and right long ball screw 46 is rotatably supported and has a right end penetrating the right support member 44 and rotatably supported via a bearing. Reference numeral 46 denotes a moving member. The formed female screw portion is screwed to the ball screw 45, and the pulley 47 attached to the right end of the ball screw 42 is rotated by a belt and a motor (not shown), so that the ball screw 42 rotates. The rotation of the ball screw 42 is prevented by the configuration described later, and thus the ball screw 42 moves in the left-right direction by the forward and reverse rotation of the ball screw 42.

Further, in FIGS. 1 and 2, 49a, 49
b is a guide rail parallel to the ball screw 42 provided at the front and rear of the upper surface of the base 40, and 50 and 50 are two movable rails provided on the right ends of both guide rails 49a and 49b, respectively. The first slider 51 is a moving plate that is long in the front-rear direction. Both ends of the moving plate 51 are fixed to the first sliders 50 and 50, while the center is fixed to the lower surface of the moving member 46. The moving member 46 is fixed to the moving plate 51 in this manner, so that the ball screw 42
The rotation of the moving member 46 due to the rotation of the moving member 46 is prevented, and the moving plate 51 and the sliders 50 and 50 slide right and left along the guide rails 49a and 49b by the movement of the moving member 46 in the left and right direction.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the front and rear lengths of the movable plate 51 are set longer than the front and rear widths of the base 40. Each of the moving plates 51 is projected rearward.
The locking plates 52a and 52b are integrally erected at the right ends of the front and rear portions, while other locking plates 53a and 53b are integrally erected at the left ends of the front and rear portions of the movable plate 51. .

1 and 2, reference numerals 55, 55 denote two second sliders movably provided on the central portions of both guide rails 49a, 49b, respectively, and 56, 56 denote both guide rails 49a, Two third sliders 57a, 57a, 5
A front stage 57a is fixed to second and third sliders 55 and 56 on the guide rail 49a, and a rear stage 57b is a second and third slider 55 on the guide rail 49b. 56.

Further, in FIGS. 1 and 2, 59a, 59
b is a support whose lower part is attached to the front of the front stage 57a and the rear of the rear stage 57b, respectively.
0a and 60b are lower winding bars, 61a and 61b are upper winding bars, and 62a and 62b are both lower winding bars 60.
a, lower springs wound around 60a and 63b, respectively.
Reference numeral 3b denotes an upper spring as urging means wound around both upper winding bars 61a and 61b.

The lower two winding bars 60a, 60b
Are fixed to the protruding portions 40a, 40b of the base 40 by fixing members 65a, 65b, respectively, and the left end is freely passed through through holes (not shown) of the locking plates 53a, 53b.
0a, 40b and the locking plates 53a, 53b are fixed to both ends of both lower springs 62a, 62b, respectively, and the locking plates 53a, 62b are extended by the extension of the lower springs 62a, 62b.
53b is biased to the right.

On the other hand, the right ends of the upper winding bars 61a, 61b are fixed to locking plates 52a, 52b, respectively, and the left ends are passed through through holes (not shown) formed on the upper portions of the supports 59a, 59b. A stopper 66 is provided at the left end of each of the winding bars 61a, 61b projecting leftward from the bodies 59a, 59b.
a, 66b are attached and both winding bars 61a, 61b
Of the two winding bars 61a, 61b.
The upper springs 63 are respectively attached to the locking members 67a and 67b and the support members 59a and 59b provided at the right end of FIG.
a, 63b are locked at both ends, and these upper springs 63a,
Due to the compression of 63b, the supports 59a and 59b are urged leftward.

In such a configuration, the ball screw 45
When the moving member 46 moves leftward due to, for example, forward rotation, the moving plate 51 moves leftward together with the moving member 46, and the movement of the moving plate 51 causes the locking plates 52a and 52 to move.
b and upper supports 63a, 63b via upper springs 63a, 63b.
9b is pushed to the left and the stages 57a and 57b
Guide rails 49a together with third sliders 55 and 56,
Slide left on 49b.

1 and 2, reference numeral 69 denotes an L-shaped mounting member fixed to the right end of the stage 57a, reference numeral 70 denotes a motor, and reference numeral 71 denotes a speed reducer for reducing the rotation speed of the rotating shaft of the motor 70. The motor 70 and the speed reducer 71 are mounted on a mounting member 69. Although not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the mounting member is similarly fixed to the rear stage 57b. A similar motor and speed reducer are also mounted.

Further, in FIGS. 1 and 2, 72a, 72
b is an interlocking member fixed to the center of each of the stages 57a and 57b, and 73a and 73b are interlocking members 72a and 72b.
b, and through shafts 74a and 74b rotatably supported by bearings (not shown) at the penetrating portions, connect the output shaft of the speed reducer 71 and the right ends of the shafts 73a and 73b to rotate the speed reducer 71. Are transmitted to the support shafts 73a and 73b, respectively, and 75a and 75b are pressing members, each having a shape in which a concave portion is formed on the left surface of a short columnar member, and attached to the left ends of the support shafts 73a and 73b, respectively. As shown in FIG. 4, the pressing members 75a, 75b
The pressing member 75 is arranged such that the left end portion of the ring-shaped member abuts only on the outer ring 3 of the ball bearing 1 to be inspected.
The dimensions of a and 75b are set. The pressing member 7
It is preferable to provide a cushioning material on the contact surfaces of the outer rings 3 of the 5a and 75b.

By the way, left and right support members 43 and 44,
Ball screw 45, motor and pulley 4 for rotating the same
7, the moving member 46, the moving plate 51, and each locking plate 52
a, 52b, guide rails 49a, 49b and sliders 50, 55, 56, stages 57a, 57b,
The supports 59a, 59b and the respective winding bars 60a, 60b,
61a, 61b, lower and upper springs 62a, 62b and 63a, 63b, fixing members 65a, 65b, stoppers 66a, 66b, locking members 67a, 67b, interlocking members 72a, 72b, and a support shaft 73a. , 73b and the pressing members 75a, 75b constitute a pressing means.

The mounting member 69, the motor 70, the speed reducer 71, the couplings 74a and 74b, and the support shaft 73
The outer ring rotating means is constituted by these, including the a and 73b and the pressing members 75a and 75b.

As described above, the forward rotation (rotation in the pressing direction) of the ball screw 45 causes the moving member 46 and the moving plate 51 to move leftward, and the locking plates 52a, 52b and the upper springs 63a, 63b. When the supports 57a, 59b are pushed to the left through the guide rails and the stages 57a, 57b slide on the guide rails 49a, 49b to the left, the interlocking member 7
2a and 72b also move to the left in conjunction with the moving member 46,
The movement of the interlocking members 72a, 72b causes the support shaft 73a,
73b and the pressing members 75a and 75b move to the left.

Further, as the ball screw 45 rotates in the pressing direction, the pressing members 75a,
5b pushes the ball bearing 1 to the left and the inner ring 2
The distal end portions of the arbors 42a and 42b fit into the inner ring 2 so that the end surfaces of the inner ring 2 abut on the stepped portions of the arbors 42a and 42b, while the compression force of the upper springs 63a and 63b is applied to the stage 57.
a, 57b, interlocking members 72a, 72b, pressing member 75
The outer ring 3 is applied to the outer ring 3 via a and 75b, and is pressurized at a predetermined pressure.

At this time, the relationship between the amount of rotation of the ball screw 45 and the compression force of the upper springs 63a and 63b is determined in advance, so that the pressing force can be adjusted only by adjusting the compression force of the spring as in the prior art. Pressing members 75a, 75b
Can easily and precisely control the pressure applied to the outer ring 3 by controlling the amount of rotation of the ball screw 45, and can easily finely adjust the pressure applied to the outer ring 3 in the increasing and decreasing directions. It is.

When the outer ring 3 is pressed by the pressing members 75a and 75b, the upper spring 6 is attached to the locking plates 52a and 52b.
The biasing force to the right by the reaction of 3a and 63b works,
In order to balance this, the lower springs 62a, 62b extend to urge the locking plates 53a, 53b rightward.

On the other hand, by gradually rotating the ball screw 45 in the pressing direction, the pressing force on the outer ring 3 by the pressing members 75a and 75b gradually increases, and the ball 4 moves with respect to the trajectories of the outer rings 2 and 3 among the balls 4. The contact angle increases, and it becomes possible to detect flaws near the shoulders of the tracks of the inner and outer rings 2 and 3, that is, at high contact angle positions.

Conversely, when the ball screw 45 is gradually rotated in the direction opposite to the pressing direction, the pressing force on the outer ring 3 by the pressing members 75a and 75b gradually decreases, and
The contact angles of the outer races 2 and 3 with the raceways become smaller, and the pressing force on the outer races 3 by the pressing members 75a and 75b eventually becomes substantially zero, so that the bottom flaws in the raceways of the inner and outer races 2 and 3 can be detected. .

Further, the rotation of the motor 70 is
Support shafts 73a, 73 via couplings 74a, 74b
b, and transmitted to the support shafts 73a and 73b, for example, 3
0 rpm or the like, so that the pressing member 7
The outer ring 3 against which the 5a and 75b press against each other rotates at a low speed. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, a vibration detector 7 similar to that shown in FIG. Is rotated, the vibration detector 7 comes into contact over the entire circumference of the outer ring 3, and the vibration of the outer ring 3 in the entire circumferential direction can be inspected.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 77a, 77b
Is a guide fixed to the left end of each of the stages 57a and 57b, and is provided near each of the arbors 42a and 42b. Reference numeral 78 denotes reversing means for rotating the ball bearing 1 by 180 ° and reversing its one and other surfaces. .

As shown in FIG. 1, guides 77a, 77b
Have a shape in which left and right uprights are erected on the substrate at a slightly wider interval than the thickness of the ball bearing 1, and the roots of the arbors 42 a and 42 b enter and exit the left uprights. Notch 8 which is possible and is smaller than the diameter of outer ring 3
1a and 81b are formed, and a pressing member 7 is provided on the right standing plate.
Notches 82a, 82 of dimensions that allow 5a, 75b to enter and exit
b is formed, and a movement path for the ball bearing 1 to move is formed between the supporting plates. When the stages 57a, 57b move to the left, the outer ring 3 is pressed by the pressing members 75a, 75b, and the arbor 42a, The distal end of 42 b is fitted into the inner race 2. Although not shown, a slight depression is formed in the center of the upper surface of the substrate of the guides 77a and 77b, and the depression prevents the ball bearing 1 from rolling on the moving path and stabilizes. ing.

As shown in FIG. 1, the reversing means 78
Rotary actuator 84 fixed to base 40
And a rotating part 85 composed of left and right standing plates erected by the rotary actuator 84 and standing on the substrate at a slightly wider interval than the thickness of the ball bearing 1, and attached to the rotating part 85. The detected object 86 in the form of a rod and the detected object 8 each time the rotating portion 85 rotates by 180 °.
Two proximity switches 87 provided at positions for detecting 6
a and 87b.

A moving path similar to the guides 77a and 77b is also formed between the two standing plates of the rotating unit 85, and the rotating unit 85 is rotated by the rotary actuator 84 to detect the object 86 by the proximity switches 87a and 87b. Is detected, the rotation of the rotation unit 85 is stopped, and at this stop, the rotation unit 85 and the two proximity switches 87a are arranged such that the movement paths of the guides 77a, 77b and the rotation unit 85 are aligned on the same line. , 87b are set. In addition, similarly to the guides 77a and 77b, a recess for stabilizing the ball bearing 1 is formed on the substrate of the rotating portion 85.

Further, in FIG. 5, reference numeral 89 denotes a comb-shaped loader, which has four concave holding portions 90 for transferring the ball bearing 1 as shown in FIG. Ball bearing 1 in the standby position behind the guide and guides 77a, 77 aligned on the same line
b, holding the three ball bearings 1 on each moving path of the rotating unit 85, transferring each ball bearing 1 forward so as to roll on these moving paths, and the frontmost double-sided ball bearing 1 To the unloading section,
5 was transferred to the moving path of the front guide 77a, and the ball bearing 1 which was in the moving path of the rear guide 77b was transferred to the moving path of the rotary unit 85, and was at the rear standby position. The ball bearings 1 are transferred to the moving path of the rear guide 77a, and the transfer of each of the ball bearings 1 is performed by one operation.

When the transfer operation of the ball bearing 1 is completed, the loader 89 moves to the upper retreat position to be ready for the next transfer operation, while the rotary actuator 83 operates in the reversing means 78. The rotating unit 85 rotates until one of the proximity switches 87a, 87b detects the object 86 to be detected. As a result, the ball bearing 1 which has been inspected on one side is inverted by 180 ° to prepare for the inspection on the other side. It is done.

Next, a procedure for inspecting the ball bearing 1 using the apparatus having the above configuration will be described.

First, as described above, the loading operation of the ball bearing 1 to be inspected is performed by the loader 89. At first, the ball bearing 1 is transported only to the moving path of the rear guide 77b. At this time, since the moving member 46, the stages 57a and 57b, the interlocking members 72a and 72b, the pressing members 75a and 75b are at the right standby position,
Arbors 42a, 42 are provided on the inner ring 2 of the ball bearing 1.
b is a state where it is not fitted.

When the transfer of the ball bearing 1 is completed, the loader 89 is retracted to the retracted position, while the ball screw 45 is rotated by the motor, and the moving member 46, the stages 57a and 57b, and the interlocking member 72 are moved as described above.
a, 72b, pressing members 75a, 75b, etc. move to the left, and the arbor 42a,
The outer ring 3 is pressurized by the pressing members 75a and 75b while the 42b is fitted.

In this state, the spindle 41 is driven by the motor.
As the motors a and 41b rotate at high speed, the pressing members 75a and 75b rotate at low speed by the motor 70 and the speed reducer 71, and the vibration detector 7 starts detecting vibration. At this time,
The amount of rotation of the ball screw 45 is controlled so that the pressing member 75
The pressure is gradually reduced from the set maximum value by the pressures a and 75b, and the vibration is detected until the pressure becomes zero.

The data obtained by the vibration detector 7 obtained in this manner is analyzed by the judging means having the structure shown in FIG. 6 to judge whether or not the ball bearing 1 is good. The presence or absence of flaws or contaminants from the shoulder of the track to the vicinity of the bottom is detected, and the roundness of the tracks of the inner and outer rings 2 and 3 is detected from the presence or absence of a beat sound.

Next, when inspection of one surface side of the ball bearing 1 on the movement path of the rear guide 77b is completed, the rotation of the spindles 41a and 41b is stopped, and the ball screw 45 is turned in the opposite direction to the previous direction. Rotated and moving member 4
6, the interlocking members 72a, 72b, etc. start moving to the right,
The guide 77b moves rightward while the upright plate on the left side of the guide 77b contacts the outer ring 3 of the ball bearing 1, whereby the arbor 42b comes off the inner ring 2 and the moving member 46, the interlocking members 72a, 72b, etc. move rightward. To the standby position.

Then, the moving member 46, the interlocking member 72a,
After the 72b and the like have moved to the standby position, the loader 89 operates to load the ball bearing 1 on the moving path of the rear guide 77b into the moving path of the rotating portion 85 of the reversing means 78, and at the same time, the guide 77b. The next ball bearing 1 is transferred to the moving path of the rotating section 85, and then the rotating section 85 is rotated by 180 °, and the ball bearing 1 on the moving path of the rotating section 85 is prepared for the inspection of the other surface side. According to the procedure, the inspection of the ball bearing 1 newly transferred to the moving path of the guide 77b is performed.

Next, when the inspection of one surface side of the ball bearing 1 on the moving path of the guide 77b is completed, the loader 89
Ball bearing 1 that was on the moving path of the rotating part 85
Is transferred to the movement path of the guide 77a on the front side, and the ball bearing 1 on the movement path of the guide 77b on the rear side is transferred to the movement path of the rotating portion 85 of the reversing means 78 at the same time as the movement path of the guide 77b. The next ball bearing 1 is transferred, and then the rotating part 85 rotates by 180 °, and the ball bearing 1 on the moving path of the rotating part 85 is prepared for the inspection of the other side. Guide 77
The one side of the ball bearing 1 newly transferred to the moving path b and the other side of the ball bearing 1 transferred to the moving path of the front guide 77a are simultaneously inspected.

Thereafter, these operations are repeatedly performed, and the inspection of all the target ball bearings 1 is automatically performed.

Therefore, according to the above-described embodiment, the pressure of the outer ring 3 can be finely adjusted by controlling the amount of rotation of the ball screw 45 constituting the pressurizing means. In addition to the presence or absence of flaws or impurities on the tracks of the outer races 2 and 3, the presence of flaws or impurities at the high contact angle position near the shoulder of the inner and outer races 2 and 3 and the bottom of the track is inspected. In addition to this, it is also possible to check the roundness of the inner and outer races 2 and 3 from the beat sound.
In addition, since the inspection is performed while rotating the outer ring 3 at a low speed such as 30 rpm by the outer ring rotating means including the motor 70, the speed reducer 71, and the like, the inspection of the entire outer ring 3 in the circumferential direction, which was impossible in the past, can be performed. It is possible to provide a function inspection device.

Further, the provision of the reversing means 78 and the loader 89 makes it possible to automatically inspect all the ball bearings 1 to be inspected on both sides, thereby greatly improving work efficiency. The cycle time required for the inspection of both sides can be greatly reduced as compared with the case of FIG.

When it is necessary to change the pressing force of the outer ring 3 depending on the size of the ball bearing to be inspected and the kind of the flaw, the arbor 42a, 42b, the pressing members 75a, 75b, the guides 77a, 77b, Rotating part 85
In the ball bearing, for example, a portion that directly contacts the outer ring is replaced according to the size of the ball bearing, and the rotation amount of the ball screw 45 is appropriately controlled to adjust the pressing force of the outer ring 3. Can be.

In the above embodiment, the pressurizing means such as the ball screw 45 having a function of finely adjusting the pressure applied to the outer ring 3 during the rotation of the inner ring 2, the motor 70 for rotating the outer ring 3 at a low speed, Although the case where both the outer ring rotating means including the speed reducer 71 and the like are provided is described, the case where only the former pressurizing means is provided may be used. This has a specific effect that the presence or absence of a flaw or the like near the shoulder and the bottom can be inspected.

The structure of the pressurizing means is not limited to that of the above-described embodiment.
Any configuration can be used as long as it can finely adjust the pressing force applied to the pressure.

Further, it goes without saying that the configurations of the inner ring rotating means and the outer ring rotating means are not limited to those of the above-described embodiment.

In the above embodiment, the case where the vibration detector 7 made of a piezoelectric element is used has been described, but the invention is not particularly limited to the one made of a piezoelectric element.

[0073]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, by finely adjusting the pressure applied to the outer ring by the pressurizing means, it is possible to determine whether or not there is a flaw in the track of the inner or outer ring as in the prior art. In addition, the presence or absence of flaws and the like at high contact angle positions near the shoulders of the inner and outer raceways, and the presence of bottom flaws on the inner and outer raceways can be inspected, and from the output signal of the vibration detector By extracting the acoustic signal component, it is possible to inspect the roundness of the inner and outer raceways from the beat sound, and it is possible to inspect the entire inner and outer raceways as compared with the conventional case.

Further, it is possible to easily change the pressure applied to the outer ring according to the size of the ball bearing to be inspected and the type of flaw.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the pressing force applied to the outer ring by the urging means can be controlled to increase or decrease by the forward / reverse rotation of the ball screw. Compared to the case of adjusting the pressing force, the pressing force can be adjusted even during the inspection, the pressing force to the outer ring can be adjusted accurately and easily, and by controlling the rotation amount of the ball screw, It is possible to easily finely adjust the pressing force in the increasing and decreasing directions.

According to the third aspect of the present invention,
It is possible to inspect not only the presence of flaws in the inner and outer ring raceways, but also the presence of flaws and bottom flaws at high contact angle positions near the shoulders of the inner and outer raceways. If the acoustic signal component is extracted from the output signal of the vibration detector, the roundness of the inner and outer race tracks can be inspected from the beat sound, and a multi-functional inspection device can be provided, and the reliability of the inspection results can be improved. It is possible to improve the performance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of one embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a part of one embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a different part of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a left side view of another portion of one embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a ball bearing inspection system as a background of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ball bearing 2 Inner ring 3 Outer ring 4 Ball 7 Vibration detector 9, 11 First and second amplifier (judgment means) 12 Bandpass filter (judgment means) 13 Sound amplifier (judgment means) 14 Detector (judgment means) 15 Comparison Container (judgment means) 40 Base 41a, 41b Spindle (inner ring rotating means) 42a, 42b Arbor (inner ring rotating means) 43 Left support member (pressing means) 44 Right support member (pressing means) 45 Ball screw (pressing means) 46 moving member (pressing means) 47 pulley (pressing means) 49a, 49b guide rail (pressing means) 50, 55, 56 first, second, third slider (pressing means) 51 moving plate ( Pressing means) 52a, 52b, 53a, 53b Locking plate (pressing means) 57a, 57b Stage (pressing means) 59a, 59b Supporting member (pressing means) 6 a, 60b Lower winding bar (pressing means) 61a, 61b Upper winding bar (pressing means) 62a, 62b Lower spring (pressing means) 63a, 63b Upper spring (pressing means) 65a, 65b Fixing member (pressing means) 66a, 66b Stopper (pressing means) 67a, 67b Lock body (pressing means) 69 Mounting member (outer ring rotating means) 70 Motor (outer ring rotating means) 71 Reduction gear (outer ring rotating means) 72a, 72b Interlocking member (pressing means) 73a, 73b Support shaft (pressing means, outer ring rotating means) 74a, 74b Coupling (outer ring rotating means) 75a, 75b Pressing member (pressing means, outer ring rotating means) 77a , 77b Guide 78 Reversing means 84 Rotary actuator 85 Rotating part 86 Detected object 87a, 87b Proximity switch

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pressurizing means for applying a predetermined pressure to an end surface of the outer ring against the inner ring of a ball bearing comprising an inner ring, an outer ring, and a plurality of balls disposed between the inner and outer rings, and supporting the inner ring. An inner ring rotating means for rotating the inner ring at a predetermined speed in a state where the outer ring is pressurized by the pressurizing means; a vibration detector arranged in contact with an outer periphery of the outer ring; and an output of the vibration detector. Determining means for processing a signal to determine whether or not there is a flaw in the inner and outer raceways, and wherein the pressurizing means reduces the pressure applied to the outer ring during rotation of the inner ring by the inner ring rotating means. An inspection device for a ball bearing, which has a fine adjustment function for adjusting. 2. The motor according to claim 1, wherein said pressurizing means includes a motor, a ball screw rotated forward and reverse by said motor, a moving member that moves bidirectionally by forward and reverse rotation of said ball screw, and an interlocking movement interlocked with said moving member. A member, a pressing member that is provided to be able to contact and separate from the outer ring and moves in a direction approaching and moving away from the outer ring by movement of the interlocking member, and in a state where the pressing member is in contact with an end surface of the outer ring. The ball bearing according to claim 1, further comprising: urging means for urging the interlocking member to apply a predetermined pressure to the outer ring to the pressing member via the interlocking member. Inspection equipment. 3. The ball bearing inspection device according to claim 1, further comprising outer ring rotating means for rotating the outer ring pressurized by the pressurizing means at a lower speed than the rotation speed of the inner ring. An inspection device for a ball bearing. 4. The ball bearing inspection device according to claim 1, further comprising a reversing means for rotating the ball bearing by 180 ° and reversing one surface and the other surface of the ball bearing. .