JPH10248207A - Axle shaft generator and its assembling method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make compact and easily attachable by providing a rotor which is attached to an end of an axle shaft in a coaxial manner and has a predetermined space at the inner side radially, and by providing a stator being coaxial with the rotor and fixed to an axle box of the axle shaft independently from the rotor arrange in a space. SOLUTION: A rotor 101 has a space radially at the inner side and forms a cylindrical rotor body portion 101a and a disc-shaped front lid portion 101b formed integrally. A stator 102 is coaxial with the rotor 101 and is arranged in a space radially at the inner side of the rotor 101 while keeping a predetermined air gap with the magnetic pole 101f. An axle shaft generator 1 constituted as stated above is constituted compactly without waste in the use of space. Also, since the inner diameter of the rotor 101 becomes large, so that a magnet forming a magnetic pole 101f can be made large and therefore the magnetic flux increases and the power generated also increases.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an axle generator mounted on an axle such as a railway vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a vehicle such as a freight car to which power is not supplied from an overhead line, a generator is mounted on an axle and supplied from the generator when the train is running. The required power is covered by power. Alternatively, a similar generator may be mounted on the axle to detect the speed of the train. For example, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-90049, a rotor is attached to a rotor shaft extending from an end of an axle, and the speed is detected by an axle generator in which a stator is disposed via a bearing outside the rotor shaft. Techniques are disclosed. However, in such a conventional axle generator, a rotor is provided on the outer periphery of a rotor shaft having a fixed diameter, and further around the rotor,
Since the stator is arranged via the bearing, it is inevitable that the generator as a whole becomes larger in the radial direction. Therefore, for example, when an axle generator is newly installed in an existing vehicle, there are some inconveniences such as contact with peripheral members, and the installation may be difficult.

[0003] In view of the above conventional problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an axle generator that is more compact and easy to install.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An axle generator according to the present invention comprises:
A rotor (101) mounted coaxially to an end of the axle (2) and having a predetermined space radially inward;
And a stator (102) fixed to the axle box (4) of the axle independently of the rotor, coaxially with the rotor, and disposed in the space (claim). Item 1). The numbers in parentheses are the reference numerals of the corresponding parts in the embodiment of the invention described later (the same applies hereinafter). In the axle generator configured as described above,
Since the stator is arranged in the space inside the rotor, there is no waste in using the space in the radial direction. Therefore, the size can be reduced in the radial direction. Also, since the rotor and the stator are mounted independently of each other, no bearing is required. Therefore, the structure is simple and the size can be easily reduced. Thus, a compact axle generator is obtained. Further, since the diameter of the rotor is large, it is easy to secure the mounting area of the magnetic pole, so that the magnetic flux can be increased by enlarging the magnet.
Therefore, the generated power also increases.

[0005] In the axle generator (Claim 1), the rotor has a portion (10) corresponding to the front lid (8) of the axle.
1b) and may be mounted using the front lid mounting hole (2a). In the axle generator configured as described above, a part of the rotor also functions as the conventional front lid, and the rotor can be mounted using the front lid mounting hole provided in the existing axle as it is. It is.

In the axle generator (claim 2), the rotor is fitted to the end member (5) of the axle, and the dimensional tolerance of the rotor at the fitting portion (101c) is equal to that of the front lid. Preferably (claim 3). In the axle generator configured as described above, the fitting accuracy between the front lid and the axle can be taken over between the axle and the rotor as it is, so that the axial center accuracy between the rotating shaft of the rotor and the rotating shaft of the axle can be maintained. Can be secured. Further, the sealing performance between the rotor and the adjacent fixed portion in the sealing structure can be ensured.

In the axle generator (claim 2), the stator is mounted using a centering shaft member (10), and one end of the centering shaft member is stably held on the rotation axis of the rotor. Member (10
7), and a hole (102a) through which the centering shaft member can be penetrated from the other end in the center shaft portion of the stator.
May be provided (claim 4). In the axle generator configured as described above, the centering shaft member functions to guide the stator to the predetermined mounting position while centering the stator by stably holding the centering shaft member on the rotating shaft of the rotor. So
The stator can be securely and easily attached to a predetermined position.

In the axle generator (Claim 1), a bracket (103) fixed to the axle box, arranged concentrically with the rotor and radially outside the rotor, and a stator are attached. And a stator mounting plate (104) mounted on an end of the bracket. In the axle generator configured as described above, the stator is fixed to the axle box via the bracket and the stator mounting plate. Therefore, the stator can be mounted with a simple fastening structure without using a bearing.

Further, in the axle generator (claim 5), a hole (104a) for inserting a lead wire (111) of the stator into the stator mounting plate may be formed (claim). 6). In the axle generator configured as described above, since the entire stator including the lead wires has a mounting form that depends only on the stator mounting plate, the stator can be pulled out simply by removing the stator mounting plate during maintenance of the stator or the rotor. Can be.

The method for assembling an axle generator according to the present invention includes:
A rotor (101) coaxial with the axle at the end of the axle (2);
And a bracket (103) mounted concentrically with the rotor on the axle box (4) of the axle, and a centering shaft member (1) having a male screw portion (10b).
0) is stably held on the rotation axis of the rotor, and a stator member (102, 104) in which a through-hole (102a) having a female screw portion (102b) is formed in a central shaft portion is mounted on the stator member (102, 104). Move to a predetermined mounting position while rotating so as to screw with the male screw part of the shaft member,
Fixing the stator member to the bracket,
The centering shaft member is unscrewed and pulled out (claim 7). According to such a method of assembling the axle generator, the centering shaft member acts to guide the stator member to a predetermined mounting position while centering the stator member. Therefore, the stator member is reliably and easily positioned at the predetermined position. Can be attached.

[0011]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an axle generator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention together with an end of an axle 2, and FIG. 2 shows only the axle generator 1 along II-II in FIG. FIG. 3 shows only the axle generator 1 in FIG.
It is sectional drawing seen from the -III line. In FIG. 1, axle 2
Is rotatably supported by a shaft box 4 via a tapered roller bearing 3. A cylindrical dust seat 5 is provided on the outer periphery of the end of the axle 2 as an end member of the axle 2, and the dust seat 5 rotates together with the axle 2. Tapered roller bearing 3
An oil seal 6 is provided on a dust cover 7 attached to the fixed side (outer ring) of the roller to prevent foreign substances and the like from entering the tapered roller bearing 3.

The axle generator 1 is mainly composed of a rotor 101, a stator mounting bracket 103, a stator member including a stator 102 and a stator mounting plate 104, and a speed sensor 105. The rotor 101 is a rotating member having a space inside in the radial direction. The rotor 101 has a cylindrical rotor body 101a and a disc-shaped front lid 1.
01b is integrally formed. This rotor 10
Reference numeral 1 denotes a state in which the fitting portion 101c is fitted around the rotation axis in a state in which the outer peripheral surface is polished to be tightly fitted to the tip of the support base 5.
Three bolts 10 arranged at intervals of 20 degrees (see FIG. 3)
6 attached to the end of the axle 2 (mounting hole 2a). The rotor 101 is formed with a predetermined dimensional tolerance, and the inner periphery of the fitting portion 101c is particularly finished with high precision so that the rotation axis of the rotor 101 and the rotation axis of the axle 2 can be matched with high precision. Also, the front cover 10 of the rotor 101
A groove 101d is formed in a ring shape in 1b, and the tip of the dust cover 7, which is a fixing portion, is slightly inserted into the groove 101d. The outer peripheral surface of the tip portion of the dust cover 7 faces so as to form a minute gap with the outer wall surface of the groove 101d, thereby suppressing invasion of foreign matter and the like from this portion.

A jig receiving member (a member for fixing one end of an assembling jig 10 described later) comprising a tapered screw portion 107a and a hexagonal column portion 107b is provided on the rotation axis of the rotor 101.
07 is attached by screwing and fixing the tapered screw portion 107a to the center of the front lid portion 101b. The hexagonal prism 107b has a hole 107c formed therein (see FIG. 3), and one end of an assembly jig 10 described later is inserted into the hole 107c. Further, a speed detection member 101e formed by forming irregularities in a gear shape is provided on the entire outer circumference of the rotor body 101a, and a plurality of permanent magnets are provided on the inner circumference of the rotor body 101a. Magnetic poles 101f arranged in the circumferential direction at predetermined intervals are provided.

On the other hand, the bracket 103 comprises a flange portion 103a for attachment to the axle box 4 and a cylindrical cover portion 103b. As shown in FIG. 2, the flange portion 103a has four mounting holes 103c, and is fixed to the shaft box 4 by bolts (not shown). Cover part 10
3b is concentric with the rotor 101 and
(See FIG. 3). A hole 103d is provided in an upper portion of the cover 103b, and a speed sensor 105 is attached to the hole 103d. The hole 103d faces the above-mentioned speed detection member 101e.

At the front (right side in FIG. 1) end of the bracket 103, a disk-shaped stator mounting plate 104 is mounted by four bolts 108 (see FIG. 2). The stator 102 is mounted on the stator mounting plate 104 by four bolts 109 (see FIG. 2). The stator 102 is coaxial with the rotor 101 and maintains a predetermined air gap between the rotor 101 and the magnetic pole 101f. It is arranged in space. That is, this axle generator 1 is
2 is an outer-rotor-type generator in which a rotor 101 is disposed outside the generator 2. Axle generator 1 configured as described above
Is compact and has no waste in space utilization compared to the inner rotor type. Further, since the inner diameter of the rotor 101 is increased, the mounting area of the magnetic pole 101f is large. Therefore, the magnet forming the magnetic pole 101f can be increased in size, so that the magnetic flux increases and the generated power increases.

The stator mounting plate 104 has a through hole 104a.
Is formed, and the bushing 112 is attached thereto. A plurality of coils 11 wound around a stator 102
The lead wire 111 from 0 is led out through the bushing 112 to the outside. Thereby, lead wire 1
11 including the stator mounting plate 1
Since the mounting configuration depends only on the stator 04, the stator 102 can be pulled out simply by removing the stator mounting plate 104 during maintenance, for example. Stator 102
In the center shaft portion, a hole 102a penetrating in the axial direction is formed, and a predetermined female screw portion 102b is formed on the left end side of the shaft. On the right end of the shaft, only the tip is 4
A cap 113 made of a prismatic tapered screw is screwed.

In the axle generator 1 configured as described above, the rotor 101 is fixed to the axle 2 and the stator 10
2 is fixed to the axle box 4 via the bracket 103 and the stator mounting plate 104, so that the rotor 101 and the stator 102 are mounted independently of each other while maintaining a predetermined air gap therebetween. ing. That is, no mechanical connection such as a bearing is interposed between the two. Of course, in a broad sense, the tapered roller bearing 3 provided between the axle 2 and the axle box 4 plays this role, but such a bearing does not exist at least in the configuration of the axle generator 1. The absence of the bearing simplifies the structure of the axle generator 1 and suppresses an increase in the radial dimension, thereby contributing to downsizing. In such a configuration, by mounting the rotor 101 at a predetermined position and mounting the bracket 103, the stator mounting plate 104, and the stator 102 at the predetermined position, the dimensional tolerance between the rotor 101 and the stator 102 becomes Axle 2
And the axle box 4 will be defined by certain dimensional tolerances.

Next, a procedure for attaching the axle generator 1 to an axle of an existing vehicle will be described. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an end of the axle 2 to which the axle generator is not attached (illustration of an axle box is omitted). FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the axle generator 1 is attached. It is. In FIG. 4, the structure of the axle 2 is the same as the structure of FIG. The front lid 8 is attached to the end of the axle 2 by the bolt 106. A hole provided at the center of the front lid 8 is closed by a cap 9.
From this state, the front cover 8 is first removed. Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the rotor 101 is mounted on the axle 2 by bolts 106 using the mounting hole 2a of the front lid 8 as it is, and the jig receiving member 107 is mounted at the center thereof. Further, the bracket 103 is attached to the shaft box 4.

As is clear from the comparison between FIG. 4 and FIG.
The front cover portion 101b of the rotor 101 has a shape corresponding to the front cover 8 before the rotor 101 is mounted, and the positional relationship between the dust cover 5 and the dust cover 7 is the same. In addition, the dimensional tolerance of the front cover 101b of the rotor 101 fitted to the dust cover 5 at the fitting portion 101c is determined by the fitting portion 8c of the front cover 8 fitted to the dust cover 5 (see FIG. 4). ). As a result, even if the front lid 8 is removed and the rotor 101 is attached,
The fitting accuracy of the front cover 101b and the front cover 101b is unchanged. In the first place, since the dust seat 5 is involved in the oil seal structure, a certain high-precision finishing is performed. Therefore, the dust seat 5 can be used as a reference for mounting the rotor 101. That is, if the rotor 101 is attached to the dust shield 5 with a certain accuracy, the rotor 101 is coaxially arranged with respect to the axle 2, and is accurately attached to a predetermined attachment position.

Next, an assembly jig 10 having a predetermined shape is prepared. The assembling jig 10 is a rod-shaped metal member including a round bar-shaped fitting portion 10a, an externally threaded male threaded portion 10b, and a head portion 10c having a quadrangular prism portion. It is a shaft member for centering (axis alignment) for mounting coaxially with the rotation axis of the rotor 101. By inserting one end side of the assembly jig 10, that is, the fitting portion 10a into the hole 107c of the jig receiving portion 107, the assembly jig 10 is stably held by the jig receiving portion 107.

Next, the stator 102 mounted on the stator mounting plate 104 is externally inserted into the assembly jig 10, and when the female screw portion 102b abuts on the right end of the male screw portion 10b, the stator 102 is rotated, for example, clockwise. Then, the female screw portion 102b is screwed into the male screw portion 10b. This allows
The stator 102 advances while being guided by the assembly jig 10, and enters the inside of the rotor 101. After being inserted to a predetermined position, the stator mounting plate 104 is
Is fixed to the bracket 103. In this state, the head 10c of the assembly jig 10 projects rightward from the stator mounting plate 104. In general, when the stator 102 is disposed inside the rotor 101, centering becomes extremely difficult because the stator 102 is attracted to the magnetic poles 101f of the rotor 101. However, by using such an assembly jig 10, The stator 102 can be mounted very easily while centering.

Next, the head 10c of the mounting jig 10 protruding from the stator mounting plate 104 is rotated, for example, in a counterclockwise direction, and the mounting jig 10 is unscrewed from the stator 102 and pulled out. After being pulled out, the cap 113 (FIG. 1) is attached to the center of the stator mounting plate 104 to close the hole 102a. Finally, the speed sensor 105 (FIG. 1) is
If it is attached to 3d, the assembly is completed.

It is needless to say that the axle generator of the present invention is compact and easy to install not only when it is newly installed on the axle of an existing vehicle but also when it is installed on a new vehicle.

[0024]

The present invention configured as described above has the following effects. According to the axle generator of the first aspect, since the stator is arranged in the space inside the rotor, there is no waste in using the space in the radial direction. Therefore, the size can be reduced in the radial direction. Also, since the rotor and the stator are mounted independently of each other, no bearing is required. Therefore, the structure is simple and it is easy to reduce the size. In this way, a compact axle generator is obtained and its installation is easy. In particular, it is highly practical in that it can be easily mounted on the axle of an existing vehicle that has many mounting restrictions. Further, since the diameter of the rotor is large, it is easy to secure the mounting area of the magnetic pole, so that the magnetic flux can be increased by enlarging the magnet. Therefore, the generated power increases, which contributes to the improvement of the capacity as a generator.

According to the axle generator of the second aspect, the rotor serves as a conventional front lid, and the rotor can be mounted using the front lid mounting hole provided in the existing axle as it is. Therefore, it is easy to attach the existing vehicle to the axle.

According to the axle generator of the third aspect, since the fitting accuracy of the axle and the front lid can be taken over between the axle and the rotor as it is, the coincidence between the rotation axis of the rotor and the rotation axis of the axle can be achieved. Accuracy can be ensured. Therefore, it can be reliably mounted at the correct mounting position. In addition, since the sealing performance of the seal structure between the rotor and the fixed portion can be ensured, foreign matter can be prevented from entering the bearing of the axle.

According to the axle generator of the fourth aspect, a centering shaft member can be used, and the centering shaft member acts to guide the stator to a predetermined mounting position while centering the stator. The stator can be securely and easily attached. Therefore, assembly is simple and reliable. In particular, the use of such a centering shaft member is highly practical in that the mounting is not hindered even if the stator is attracted to the magnet of the rotor.

According to the axle generator of the fifth aspect, since the stator is fixed to the axle box via the bracket and the stator mounting plate, the stator can be mounted with a simple fastening structure without using a bearing. Therefore, assembly is simple.

According to the axle generator of the sixth aspect, since the entire stator including the lead wires has a mounting form that depends only on the stator mounting plate, the stator can be removed only by removing the stator mounting plate during maintenance of the stator or the rotor. Can be pulled out. Therefore, maintenance can be performed easily and quickly.

According to the method of assembling the axle generator, the centering shaft member acts to guide the stator member to the predetermined mounting position while centering the stator member, so that the centering shaft member is reliably and easily positioned at the predetermined position. The stator member can be attached to the. Therefore, assembly is simple and reliable.
In particular, the use of such a centering shaft member is highly practical in that the mounting is not hindered even if the stator is attracted to the magnet of the rotor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an axle generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, together with an end of an axle.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the axle generator shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the axle generator shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the line III-III in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the end of the axle without the axle generator attached.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a state in which the axle generator shown in FIG. 1 is attached to the axle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 axle generator 2 axle 2a mounting hole 3 tapered roller bearing 4 axle box 5 dust seat 8 front lid 10 assembling jig (centering shaft member) 10a fitting portion 10b male screw portion 101 rotor 101b front lid portion 101c fitting portion 102 Stator 102a Hole 102b Female thread 103 Bracket 104 Stator mounting plate 104a Through hole 107 Jig receiving member 111 Lead wire

Claims (7)

[Claims] An axle is mounted coaxially with the axle at an end of the axle, and has a shape having a predetermined space radially inward. The rotor is fixed to an axle box of the axle independently of the rotor, An axle generator comprising: a stator arranged coaxially with the rotor and arranged in the space. 2. The axle generator according to claim 1, wherein the rotor includes a portion corresponding to a front cover of the axle and is mounted using a front cover mounting hole. 3. The axle generator according to claim 2, wherein the rotor is fitted with an end member of the axle, and a dimensional tolerance of the rotor at the fitted portion is equal to that of the front cover. . 4. The stator is mounted using a centering shaft member, a member for stably holding one end of the centering shaft member is provided on a rotation axis of the rotor, and a center shaft portion of the stator is provided. 3. The axle generator according to claim 2, further comprising a hole through which the centering shaft member can be inserted from the other end. 5. A bracket fixed to the axle box and arranged concentrically with the rotor and radially outward of the rotor, a stator attached to the stator, and attached to an end of the bracket. The axle generator according to claim 1, further comprising a mounting plate. 6. The axle generator according to claim 5, wherein a hole is formed in the stator mounting plate for inserting a lead wire of the stator. 7. A rotor is mounted coaxially with the axle at an end of the axle, and a bracket is mounted on the axle box of the axle concentrically with the rotor, and a centering shaft member having a male screw portion is rotated by rotating the rotor. The stator member, which is stably held on the axis and has a through-hole having a female screw portion formed in the central shaft portion, is rotated at a predetermined mounting position while rotating so that the female screw portion engages with the male screw portion of the centering shaft member. The stator member is fixed to the bracket, and then the centering shaft member is screwed out and extracted.