JPH10237559A - Recovery of valuable metal in municipal garbage incineration ash - Google Patents
Recovery of valuable metal in municipal garbage incineration ashInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10237559A JPH10237559A JP3616397A JP3616397A JPH10237559A JP H10237559 A JPH10237559 A JP H10237559A JP 3616397 A JP3616397 A JP 3616397A JP 3616397 A JP3616397 A JP 3616397A JP H10237559 A JPH10237559 A JP H10237559A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- slag
- incineration ash
- valuable
- copper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、都市ゴミ焼却灰に
含まれる銅などの有価金属を効率よく回収する方法に関
するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for efficiently recovering valuable metals such as copper contained in municipal incineration ash.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】都市から排出されるゴミの量は増加の一
途を辿っており、ゴミ処理問題が深刻化している。従
来、ゴミ焼却後、埋立て処理されていたが、ゴミの量が
急増して埋立て地の確保が難しいことや、二次公害の防
止および資源の再利用などを図る必要から、ゴミの焼却
灰についても、これを溶融して減容化する処理方法が実
施されはじめている。その一例として、ゴミを分別後、
粉砕して、磁性物とアルミ類、不燃物と可燃物に分離
し、鉄屑などの磁性物やアルミ類は資源として回収する
と共に可燃物は焼却炉で燃焼処理し、焼却灰は溶融炉に
送り、焼却炉で生じた熱を給湯や暖冷房に利用する一方
この熱を利用して発電を行ない、溶融炉の焼却灰をアー
ク放電、抵抗炉等、プラズマ炉などにより溶融処理する
ことにより無害化と共に減容化するゴミ処理システムが
実用化されている。2. Description of the Related Art The amount of garbage discharged from cities is steadily increasing, and the problem of garbage disposal is becoming more serious. Conventionally, landfills have been disposed of after incineration of garbage.However, the amount of garbage has rapidly increased and it is difficult to secure landfill sites.In addition, it is necessary to prevent secondary pollution and reuse resources. As for ash, a treatment method for melting and reducing the volume of ash has begun to be implemented. As an example, after sorting garbage,
Pulverize to separate magnetic materials and aluminum, non-combustible materials and combustible materials, collect iron and other magnetic materials and aluminum as resources, burn combustible materials in an incinerator, and burn incinerated ash to a melting furnace. While using the heat generated in the incinerator for hot water supply and heating / cooling, it uses this heat to generate electricity, and is harmless by melting the incineration ash of the melting furnace with arc discharge, resistance furnace, plasma furnace, etc. A garbage disposal system that is reduced in volume as it is being used has been put to practical use.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】この様な処理システム
では、都市ゴミの焼却灰を１３００〜１６００℃で溶融
処理することにより、焼却灰をスラグ化して容量を半減
させている。現在の処理システムでは、この溶融スラグ
を水砕して粒状化し、埋立て処理などにより最終的に処
分している。ところで、上記溶融スラグはその大部分が
ケイ酸スラグであるが、５〜２０％程度の金属分を含ん
でいる。現在の処理システムではスラグ中の金属分はケ
イ酸分と一体に水砕され破棄処分されており、資源の有
効利用を図る観点からは上記金属成分を回収して再利用
することが望まれる。In such a treatment system, the incinerated ash of city garbage is melted at 1300 to 1600 ° C., thereby converting the incinerated ash into slag to reduce the capacity by half. In the current treatment system, this molten slag is granulated by water granulation and finally disposed of by landfilling. By the way, most of the molten slag is silicate slag, but contains about 5 to 20% of metal. In the current treatment system, the metal component in the slag is granulated together with the silicic acid component and discarded. From the viewpoint of effective use of resources, it is desired to recover and reuse the metal component.
【０００４】都市ゴミの焼却灰を電気炉等で、１３５０
〜１６５０℃程度で、溶融処理すると、もともと金属成
分が存在する上に、電極のカーボンとか、未燃ゴミ中の
カーボン等で酸化物が還元され、スラグ層以外にメタル
も生成する。もともと有価金属であるＣｕとか貴金属Ａ
ｕ，Ａｇは還元され易いが、焼却炉中には酸化鉄とか、
ＳｉＯ２が大量に存在するため、これらの金属（特に
鉄）も一部還元されてしまい、有価金属中への混入また
は別のメタル層を形成してしまう。これらのメタル層を
回収する方法として、磁選機により鉄を含む金属相を回
収する方法が考えられるが、メタル層中の鉄と有価金属
であるＣｕ、Ａｇ、Ａｕ等は合金化しておらず炉内で比
重差により分離し、炉底に比重の大きい銅等の有価金属
が溜り、その上に鉄が堆積している。従ってこれを単に
冷却粉砕し、磁選機にかけても鉄の水砕物は回収出来る
が、銅等の有価金属に富んだ下層は、磁石に吸引されな
いため、ケイ酸質のスラグ中に混在し回収が難しい。[0004] The incinerated ash of city garbage is burned to 1350 in an electric furnace or the like.
When the melting treatment is performed at about ℃ 1650 ° C., the metal component is originally present, and the oxide is reduced by carbon of the electrode or carbon in the unburned refuse, and metal is generated in addition to the slag layer. Originally valuable metals such as Cu and precious metals A
Although u and Ag are easily reduced, iron oxide or
Due to the presence of a large amount of SiO 2 , these metals (particularly, iron) are also partially reduced, and are mixed into valuable metals or form another metal layer. As a method of recovering these metal layers, a method of recovering a metal phase containing iron by a magnetic separator can be considered. However, iron and valuable metals such as Cu, Ag, and Au in the metal layer are not alloyed and the furnace is not alloyed. In the furnace, valuable metals such as copper having a high specific gravity are accumulated at the furnace bottom, and iron is deposited on the valuable metals. Therefore, even if this is simply cooled and pulverized, and then subjected to a magnetic separator, the granulated iron can be recovered, but the lower layer, which is rich in valuable metals such as copper, is not attracted to the magnet, so it is difficult to recover by mixing in the siliceous slag. .
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決するための手段】本発明者等は、上記課題
を解決する手段として、焼却灰溶融物中の鉄金属を磁選
により回収する手段と併用して残ったケイ酸質スラグよ
り重量差を利用して有価金属を回収するか、或は焼却灰
溶融物中に酸素分を吹き込み溶融物中の金属Ｓｉを酸化
させ、ケイ酸質スラグと鉄分及び有価金属とに分け、鉄
分を磁力により選別し、ケイ酸質スラグと有価金属分と
を重量差を用いて有価金属を回収する方法を発明し特願
平８ー２６８４７８号で出願している。そこで本発明者
等は、更に簡単な方法で上記金属中の有価金属を回収す
る方法について研究を行った結果、都市ゴミの焼却灰を
溶融後粉砕し、比重差を利用した方法で選別するか、或
は、該焼却灰中の有価金属含有量が低い場合は、溶融化
処理するさい、鉄分を積極的に酸化させスラグ化し、有
価金属の含有量を引き上げた後、粉砕し、該粉砕物中の
スラグと有価金属を含有するメタルとを比重差を利用し
た選別方法で選別すると、有価金属を含有するメタルを
効率よく回収し、銅精練の原料の一部とし利用する事に
より有価金属中の銅、金、銀を回収する方法を発明し
た。回収メタル中の銅品位が高い程、銅製錬での回収コ
ストが安く、採算がとれるので好適である。Means for Solving the Problems As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have determined that the weight difference between the siliceous slag remaining in combination with the means for recovering the iron metal in the incinerated ash melt by magnetic separation. The valuable metal is recovered by using or the oxygen content is blown into the incineration ash melt to oxidize the metal Si in the melt, and is divided into siliceous slag, iron and valuable metal, and the iron is magnetized. A method of recovering valuable metals by using a weight difference between the siliceous slag and valuable metals is invented in Japanese Patent Application No. 8-268478. Therefore, the present inventors conducted a study on a method of recovering valuable metals in the above metal by a simpler method.As a result, the incinerated ash of municipal garbage was pulverized after being melted, and was sorted by a method using a specific gravity difference. Or, when the valuable metal content in the incinerated ash is low, during the melting treatment, iron is positively oxidized to form slag, the content of the valuable metal is increased, and then pulverized, When the slag and the metal containing valuable metal are separated by the separation method using the difference in specific gravity, the metal containing valuable metal is efficiently collected and used as a part of the raw material for copper scouring, and the valuable metal Invented a method of recovering copper, gold and silver. The higher the copper grade in the recovered metal, the lower the recovery cost in copper smelting and the more profitable it is preferable.
【０００６】回収するメタル中の銅品位が所望値以上の
場合には、溶融したスラグとメタルは、同じく炉出口か
ら抜出し、同時に連続で冷却水砕し、有価金属を含有す
るメタルを比重差分離したものを利用出来るが、銅等の
有価金属の含有率が低い場合は、溶融スラグの下層に生
成した鉄を多く含有したメタル層に酸素または空気を所
定量以上吹き込み、該メタルに含有されている鉄金属を
積極的に酸化し、スラグ化した後、溶融物として生成さ
れたスラグと有価金属であるＣｕと貴金属Ａｕ，Ａｇを
含むメタルとを、冷却水砕し、比重差により選別し、銅
の品位が所望の値以上の、銅製錬用原料メタルが得られ
る技術が確立された。また上記有価金属の回収方法は、
連続的に回収する方法を対象としているが、バッチ式に
も採用可能である。即ち、バッチ式においては、都市ゴ
ミ焼却灰を溶融炉に投入し、該溶融炉の炉底側に所定量
の有価金属を含有したメタルを溜めた後、該溶融炉の炉
底近傍に設けた抜き出し口または該溶融炉を傾ける等の
方法により該メタルを抜き出し、急冷粉砕または破砕し
た後、必要に応じて比重差等を用いた方法により分離す
れば良い。[0006] When the copper grade in the metal to be recovered is higher than a desired value, the molten slag and the metal are also extracted from the furnace outlet and simultaneously cooled and granulated simultaneously to separate the metal containing valuable metal into a specific gravity difference. However, when the content of valuable metals such as copper is low, oxygen or air is blown into the metal layer containing a large amount of iron generated in the lower layer of the molten slag by a predetermined amount or more, and is contained in the metal. After actively oxidizing and slagging the ferrous metal, the slag produced as a molten material and the metal containing the valuable metal Cu and the noble metal Au and Ag are subjected to cooling and water granulation, and are sorted by specific gravity difference. A technique has been established to obtain a raw material metal for copper smelting with a copper grade higher than a desired value. In addition, the method for collecting valuable metals
The method is intended for continuous recovery, but can also be applied to a batch method. That is, in the batch method, municipal waste incineration ash is charged into a melting furnace, and a metal containing a predetermined amount of valuable metal is stored on the furnace bottom side of the melting furnace, and then provided near the furnace bottom of the melting furnace. The metal may be extracted by a method such as tilting the extraction port or the melting furnace, quenched and crushed or crushed, and then separated by a method using a specific gravity difference or the like as necessary.
【０００７】本発明は、上述の技術に基づいて得られた
ものであって、 （１）都市ゴミ焼却灰を溶融処理する際に、形成される
スラグと有価金属を含有するメタルとを粉砕後、比重差
を利用した方法で選別することにより、上記有価金属を
含有するメタルを、他の水砕物から分離する都市ゴミ焼
却灰中の有価金属の回収方法。 （２）都市ゴミ焼却灰を溶融処理する際に、溶融スラグ
の下層に生成したメタル層に酸素（または空気）を吹き
込み、該メタル層に含有されている鉄金属を酸化し、ス
ラグ化した後、生成したスラグと有価金属を含有するメ
タルとを粉砕後、比重差を利用した方法で選別すること
により、上記有価金属を含有するメタルを、他の水砕物
から分離する都市ゴミ焼却灰中の有価金属の回収方法。 （３）所定量の都市ゴミ焼却灰を溶融炉にて溶融し、該
溶融炉の炉底側に溜った有価金属を含有するメタル層に
必要に応じて酸素を吹き込んだ後、該溶融炉の下層側に
溜った該メタルを抜き出し、粉砕する有価金属の回収方
法。 （４）上記有価金属を含有するメタルが、銅の品位：１
５〜９５重量％、鉄の品位：７０重量％以下からなる
（１）（２）または（３）記載の都市ゴミ焼却灰中の有
価金属の回収方法。 （５）（１）、（２）、（３）または（４）記載の都市
ゴミ焼却灰から分離回収した有価金属を含有するメタル
を銅製錬の原料として用いる都市ゴミ焼却灰中の有価金
属の回収方法。 に特徴を有するものである。The present invention has been obtained based on the above-mentioned technique. (1) When melting municipal garbage incineration ash, slag formed and metal containing valuable metal are pulverized. A method for recovering valuable metals in municipal garbage incineration ash, in which metals containing the valuable metals are separated from other granulated materials by sorting by a method utilizing a specific gravity difference. (2) When melting municipal garbage incineration ash, oxygen (or air) is blown into a metal layer formed below the molten slag to oxidize iron metal contained in the metal layer to form slag. After crushing the generated slag and the metal containing valuable metal, by sorting by a method using a specific gravity difference, the metal containing the valuable metal is separated from other granulated material in municipal garbage incineration ash. How to collect valuable metals. (3) A predetermined amount of municipal waste incineration ash is melted in a melting furnace, and oxygen is blown into a metal layer containing valuable metals collected on the furnace bottom side of the melting furnace as necessary. A method of recovering valuable metals to be extracted and pulverized by extracting the metal accumulated on the lower layer side. (4) The metal containing the valuable metal is copper grade: 1
(1) The method for recovering valuable metals in municipal waste incineration ash according to (2) or (3), comprising 5 to 95% by weight and iron grade: 70% by weight or less. (5) Use of metal containing valuable metal separated and recovered from incinerated municipal ash described in (1), (2), (3) or (4) as a raw material for copper smelting Collection method. It is characterized by the following.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態につい
て、説明する。本発明の対象となる都市ゴミ焼却灰と
は、自動車等のシュレッターダストを含む金属分を含有
した広範囲の都市ゴミ焼却灰を対象としたものであり、
これらの都市ゴミ焼却灰の所定量を用意し、これを溶融
炉で１３５０℃〜１６５０℃で溶融処理し、回収したメ
タル層中の銅品位が１５％以上の場合は、この状態で溶
融したスラグとメタルを同じ炉出口から抜き出し、同時
に連続して、冷却水砕し、有価金属を多く含有するメタ
ルを他の水砕物と比重差選別法により分離回収する。ま
た上記回収したメタル中の銅品位が１５％未満の場合
は、溶融処理中に、溶融スラグの下層に生成したメタル
層に酸素（または空気）を吹き込み、該メタル層に含ま
れる鉄金属を酸化しスラグ化することにより残るメタル
層での銅品位を、所望値以上に引き上げ、この様にして
生成したスラグと有価金属を含有するメタルとを同時に
冷却水砕し、比重選別法により、分離回収する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The municipal garbage incineration ash targeted by the present invention is intended for a wide range of municipal garbage incineration ash containing metals such as automobiles and other shredder dust,
A predetermined amount of these municipal garbage incineration ash is prepared, melted in a melting furnace at 1350 ° C. to 1650 ° C., and when the copper grade in the recovered metal layer is 15% or more, the slag melted in this state. And metal are withdrawn from the same furnace outlet, and simultaneously cooled and water-granulated, and the metal containing a large amount of valuable metal is separated and collected from other granulated materials by specific gravity difference sorting. If the copper quality in the recovered metal is less than 15%, oxygen (or air) is blown into the metal layer formed below the molten slag during the melting process to oxidize the iron metal contained in the metal layer. The copper quality in the metal layer remaining by slag formation is raised to a desired value or more, and the slag thus generated and the metal containing valuable metals are simultaneously cooled and water-granulated, and separated and collected by specific gravity separation. I do.
【０００９】上記せる比重差選別の方法としては、スラ
グの真比重が約３ｇ／ｃｍ3、メタル真比重が約７ｇ／
ｃｍ3であることを利用出来る比重差選別法を用いるの
が最も良い。比重差選別方として、通常遠心分離法、動
力沈澱法、テーブル分離法、浮遊又は沈降選別やサイク
ロン法等が用いられる。ここにテーブル分離法は、振動
している傾斜ある板にスラリーを流すと、比重の軽い粉
末と重い粉末が分離する現象を利用しての分離法であ
る。またサイクロン法は、冷却水砕したスラグとメタル
をそのまま、ポンプで液体サイクロンにて送液し、遠心
力によりスラグとメタルとに分離する方法で、簡単な設
備で、大量処理できるが、分離は粗く、粗分離としては
最適な方法であり、他の分離法と組み合わせて利用する
ことにより有効な選別法となり得る。As a method of the specific gravity difference sorting described above, the true specific gravity of slag is about 3 g / cm 3 and the true specific gravity of metal is about 7 g / cm 3 .
It is best to use a specific gravity difference selection method that can utilize the fact that the density is in cm 3 . As a specific gravity difference sorting method, a centrifugal separation method, a power precipitation method, a table separation method, a floating or sedimentation separation method, a cyclone method, and the like are usually used. Here, the table separation method is a separation method utilizing a phenomenon in which a slurry having a specific gravity is separated from a heavy powder when a slurry is caused to flow on a vibrating inclined plate. In addition, the cyclone method is a method in which slag and metal that has been subjected to cooling and water granulation are sent as is by a liquid cyclone with a pump and separated into slag and metal by centrifugal force. It is a rough and coarse separation method, and it can be an effective selection method when used in combination with other separation methods.
【００１０】上記せる回収方法は、連続操業の場合であ
るが、バッチ式の回収方法においても応用可能である。
即ち所定量の都市ゴミ焼却灰を溶融炉で溶融し、該溶融
炉の炉底に有価金属を含有するメタルが溜った時点で、
炉への都市ゴミの投入を中止、炉底より有価金属を含有
したメタルを抜き出し、冷却粉砕または破砕するもので
あるが、炉底に溜ったメタルは、比重差により下層側に
金、銀及び銅等の有価金属、上層側に鉄金属が溜ってい
るので、最初に抜き出されるメタル組成は、金、銀及び
銅等の有価金属を多く含んだ組成を有しているので、有
価金属として採取する量を管理することにより、容易に
有価金属の含有量をアップさせることができる。溶融炉
の下層に溜った有価金属を多く含んだメタルを抜き出す
方法として、次の方法に限定されるものでなく、いかな
る方法を用いても良いが、まず溶融炉の炉底とその上部
に抜き出し口を少なくとも２か所以上設け、上部側抜き
出し口より主としてケイ酸質スラグを抜き出し、例えば
該抜き出し口より有価金属を含むメタル分の排出が確認
された（確認される以前でも良い）時点で、溶融炉の操
業を中止し、炉底より炉内に溜った該メタルを抜き出す
様にすれば一バッチ当たりの処理量をアップすることが
できる。更に、取り出す該メタルの銅含有量が高い場合
は、選別工程を省略することも可能である。また、溶融
炉の下層に溜った有価金属を含有したメタルを抜き出す
別の方法として、炉への都市ゴミ焼却灰の投入を中止し
た後、炉を傾けてゆきながら、まず上層部のケイ酸質ス
ラグを、次に鉄金属、最後に銅等の有価金属を炉より排
出（抜き出し）する方法をとることができ、炉自体に抜
き出し口を設ける必要ないので有用な方法である。炉の
傾斜を管理することにより有価金属の回収量を管理する
ことが可能であり、また炉の傾きにより炉より排出する
溶融物の粉砕方法を変更することも可能であり有効な方
法である。抜き出した有価金属は上記と同様に冷却粉砕
した後必要に応じて比重差選別を行えば良い。The above-mentioned recovery method is for a continuous operation, but can also be applied to a batch-type recovery method.
That is, a predetermined amount of municipal waste incineration ash is melted in a melting furnace, and when the metal containing valuable metal has accumulated at the furnace bottom of the melting furnace,
Stopping the input of municipal waste into the furnace, extracting valuable metal-containing metal from the furnace bottom, and cooling and pulverizing or crushing the metal.The metal accumulated in the furnace bottom is gold, silver and Since valuable metals such as copper and iron metal are accumulated on the upper layer side, the metal composition extracted first has a composition containing a lot of valuable metals such as gold, silver and copper. By controlling the amount to be collected, the content of valuable metals can be easily increased. The method of extracting the metal containing a large amount of valuable metal accumulated in the lower layer of the melting furnace is not limited to the following method, and any method may be used. At least two or more ports are provided, and the siliceous slag is mainly extracted from the upper side extraction port. For example, at the time when the discharge of the metal containing valuable metal has been confirmed from the extraction port (may be before confirmation), If the operation of the melting furnace is stopped and the metal collected in the furnace is extracted from the furnace bottom, the throughput per batch can be increased. Further, when the copper content of the metal to be extracted is high, the sorting step can be omitted. Another method of extracting metal containing valuable metals accumulated in the lower layer of the melting furnace is to stop injecting municipal waste incineration ash into the furnace and then tilt the furnace while first turning the silicate The slag can be discharged (extracted) from the furnace, and then a valuable metal such as iron metal and finally copper can be discharged (extracted) from the furnace. This is a useful method because it is not necessary to provide a discharge port in the furnace itself. By controlling the inclination of the furnace, it is possible to control the recovery amount of valuable metals, and it is also possible to change the method of pulverizing the melt discharged from the furnace by the inclination of the furnace, which is an effective method. The extracted valuable metal may be cooled and pulverized in the same manner as described above, and then subjected to specific gravity difference sorting if necessary.
【００１１】なお、上記せるメタル層を含む溶融スラグ
を粉砕する手段としては、特に限定されないが、通常良
く用いられているのが水を用いた急冷粉砕であり、その
代表的な水アトマイズ法を利用すれば容易に所定の粒度
に粉砕することが出来る。具体的には、例えば、上記溶
融スラグとメタルとを水砕槽に導き、水を噴射して急激
に水冷すれば自砕する。水で水砕すると比熱の差、表面
張力の差等からスラグ塊とメタル球に自然と分離した混
合体となっているので、これを比重差を利用して分離す
る。また別の方法として、空気等の気体を利用した急冷
粉砕方法、或は両者を併用した急冷粉砕方法等がある
が、何れの方法を採用するかは、粉砕工程後の工程また
は粉砕物の取扱を考慮して決めれば良い。空気等の気体
を利用した粉砕方法は、風砕といわれており、溶融メタ
ルに空気等の気体を噴射して、該溶融メタルを急冷して
自砕するものであり、粉砕物が乾燥状態で取扱が可能で
あると共に、粉砕に利用した空気は、溶融物との熱交換
により温度が上昇しており、燃焼用の二次空気とし利用
出来る。粉砕する粒度については、特に限定されない
が、銅精練用の原料として使用する場合には、２ｍｍ以
下に粉砕するのが望ましく、ケイ酸質スラグとメタルと
を別個に溶融炉より取り出すことが可能であれば、取り
扱い易い様にケイ酸質スラグ等は徐冷ご破砕してもよ
い。The means for crushing the molten slag containing the metal layer is not particularly limited, but quenching crushing using water is commonly used. If it is used, it can be easily ground to a predetermined particle size. Specifically, for example, the molten slag and the metal are guided to a water granulation tank, and water is sprayed to rapidly cool the water, thereby self-crushing. When granulated with water, the mixture is naturally separated into a slag mass and a metal sphere due to a difference in specific heat, a difference in surface tension, and the like, and is separated using a difference in specific gravity. As another method, there is a quenching crushing method using a gas such as air, or a quenching crushing method using both of them. The method to be adopted depends on the process after the crushing process or the handling of the crushed material. It should be decided in consideration of. A pulverization method using a gas such as air is referred to as wind pulverization, in which a gas such as air is injected into a molten metal to rapidly cool the molten metal and self-pulverize. The temperature of the air used for pulverization is increased by heat exchange with the melt, and can be used as secondary air for combustion. The particle size to be pulverized is not particularly limited, but when used as a raw material for copper refining, it is desirable to pulverize it to 2 mm or less, and the siliceous slag and metal can be separately taken out from the melting furnace. If so, the siliceous slag and the like may be slowly cooled and crushed for easy handling.
【００１２】上記の如く、有価金属を含有するメタルと
して、回収されるメタル中の銅の品位は、１５重量％以
上が望ましく１５重量％未満では、銅製錬向けの原料と
しては、有価金属の回収コストが高くなり、採算に合わ
ないので望ましくない。また 都市ゴミ焼却灰を溶融処
理する際に、溶融スラグの下層に生成したメタル層に酸
素（又は空気）を吹き込んで、メタル層中の鉄金属を酸
化させスラグ化させることにより、最終的に生成するメ
タル層での銅の含有量を容易に９５重量％程度までアッ
プすることができ、回収されるメタル中での銅の含有量
を１５〜９５重量％をすることが可能である。この際、
吹き込む酸素量としてはゴミ焼却灰１００Ｋｇに対して
１．０Ｋｇ以上とすることが望ましく、１．０Ｋｇ以下
ではメタル中の鉄金属を十分酸化することが困難な場合
もある。また、回収するメタル中の鉄の含有量を７０重
量％以下とすることにより、ほぼ所望の銅含有量とする
ことが可能である。バッチ方式においても、炉底のメタ
ルに酸素（または空気）を吹き込むことは、回収するメ
タルの銅含有量をアップすることができるので、有効な
手段であるある。特に操業中に溶融炉よりスラグを抜き
出す場合においては、一操業当たりの、回収する有価金
属を含むメタルの量が多くなり好適であり、必要に応じ
て酸素を吹き込む様にすれば良い。上記水準のメタルを
銅製錬の原料として用いることにより、製錬工程におい
て、銅およびその他有価貴金属Ａｕ，Ａgを経済的に回
収することが出来る。As described above, the grade of copper in the metal to be recovered as valuable metal-containing metal is preferably 15% by weight or more, and less than 15% by weight. It is not desirable because the cost is high and it is not profitable. In addition, when melting municipal waste incineration ash, oxygen (or air) is blown into the metal layer formed below the molten slag to oxidize the iron metal in the metal layer and turn it into slag, thereby finally producing slag. The content of copper in the metal layer to be recovered can be easily increased to about 95% by weight, and the content of copper in the recovered metal can be 15 to 95% by weight. On this occasion,
The amount of oxygen to be blown is desirably 1.0 kg or more with respect to 100 kg of refuse incineration ash, and if it is 1.0 kg or less, it may be difficult to sufficiently oxidize iron metal in the metal. Further, by setting the content of iron in the recovered metal to be 70% by weight or less, it is possible to obtain a substantially desired copper content. Also in the batch method, blowing oxygen (or air) into the metal at the bottom of the furnace is an effective means because the copper content of the metal to be recovered can be increased. In particular, when slag is extracted from the melting furnace during operation, the amount of metal containing valuable metal to be recovered per operation increases, which is preferable. Oxygen may be blown in as needed. By using a metal of the above level as a raw material for copper smelting, copper and other valuable noble metals Au and Ag can be economically recovered in the smelting process.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例について、具体的に説
明する。 ［実施例１］まづ、都市ゴミ焼却灰１００ｋｇを用意
し、電気炉で、１５５０℃で溶融処理し、溶融物：８
６．２Ｋｇを水砕槽に導き、水アトマイズ法により水を
噴射し急激に水冷し、破砕し、この水砕物を、ポンプで
液体サイクロンにて送液し粗分離した、ついで此等を夫
々テーブル法により選別分離してスラグ７９．２ｋｇと
メタル７．０ｋｇを得た。このさい、水アトマイズ法に
て得られた水砕物の粒度は、０．５〜２．０ｍｍであっ
た。次いで、使用した焼却灰、得られたスラグ及びメタ
ルの化学分析をその結果を表１に示した。同時に夫々の
品位を計算した値を、夫々同じく表１に示した。銅品位
は２３．７重量％と銅製錬の原料としては、多少低いと
はいえ、十分に原料として使える有価金属を含んだメタ
ルが得られた。EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be specifically described below. [Example 1] First, 100 kg of municipal waste incineration ash was prepared, melted at 1550 ° C in an electric furnace, and melted: 8
6.2 Kg was introduced into a water granulation tank, water was sprayed by a water atomization method, rapidly cooled with water, and crushed. The granulated product was sent by a liquid cyclone with a pump and roughly separated, and then each of these was separated into a table. Separation and separation were performed according to the method to obtain 79.2 kg of slag and 7.0 kg of metal. At this time, the particle size of the granulated product obtained by the water atomizing method was 0.5 to 2.0 mm. Next, the results of chemical analysis of the used incineration ash, the obtained slag and the metal are shown in Table 1. At the same time, the values calculated for the respective grades are also shown in Table 1 respectively. Although the copper grade was 23.7% by weight, which was a little low as a raw material for copper smelting, a metal containing valuable metals that could be sufficiently used as a raw material was obtained.
【００１４】[0014]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１５】［実施例２］都市ゴミ焼却灰１００ｋｇを
用意し、電気炉で１６００℃で溶融処理する際に、溶融
スラグの下層のメタル層に空気をトータルで３３５０ｌ
吹き込んでＦｅ,Ｓｉを酸化し、スラグ化した後、得ら
れた溶融物８７．２ｋｇを水砕槽に導き、実施例１と同
様にして、水破砕し、同方法で比重差選別して、スラグ
８３．２ｋｇとメタル４ｋｇを得た。実施例１と同様に
化学分析、品位計算を行い、その結果を表２に示した。
メタル中の銅品位は４１．０重量％まで上昇した。Ａ
ｕ,Ａｇ,Ｃｕの回収率も、表２から判る通り、９０％以
上の収率で回収出来た。[Example 2] 100 kg of municipal refuse incineration ash was prepared and melted at 1600 ° C in an electric furnace. A total of 3350 l of air was added to the metal layer below the molten slag.
After blowing Fe and Si to oxidize and slag, 87.2 kg of the obtained melt is guided to a water granulation tank, crushed with water in the same manner as in Example 1, and subjected to specific gravity difference sorting by the same method. 83.2 kg of slag and 4 kg of metal were obtained. Chemical analysis and quality calculation were performed in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 2.
The copper grade in the metal rose to 41.0% by weight. A
As can be seen from Table 2, the recovery rates of u, Ag, and Cu could be recovered at a yield of 90% or more.
【００１６】[0016]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１７】［実施例３］実施例１と実施例２と同一条
件で都市ゴミ焼却灰を溶融し、得られた溶融物を溶融炉
の炉底に設けた抜き出し口より、最初に各４ｋｇ抜き出
し水砕槽にて水砕し、残りの溶融物を水槽に投入した。
得られた水砕物を分析した結果は、表３に示す通りであ
り、何れも銅の回収率は９０％以上であった。尚、表３
の試験１は実施例１と、試験２は実施例２と同一溶融条
件（粉砕前まで）での結果である。Example 3 Municipal garbage incineration ash was melted under the same conditions as in Examples 1 and 2, and the resulting melt was first withdrawn in an amount of 4 kg from an extraction hole provided at the bottom of the melting furnace. Water was granulated in a water granulation tank, and the remaining melt was charged into the water tank.
The results of analyzing the obtained granulated product are as shown in Table 3, and the recovery rate of copper was 90% or more in each case. Table 3
Test 1 is a result under the same melting conditions (until pulverization) as Example 1 and Test 2 is a result under Test 2.
【００１８】[0018]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００１９】［比較例］つい で、比較のために、都市
ゴミ焼却灰１００Ｋｇを用意し実施例１と同様の方法で
得た水砕物を、磁選機にかけてメタル部分を分離回収し
た。結果を表４に示す。この様に磁選ではメタルが５．
７Ｋｇ回収出来たものの、スラグ側に銅等を含んだ有価
金属が移行するため、回収ロスが多く、その銅品位は、
７．２重量％と低く、銅製錬での回収はコスト的に無理
である。また回収率もＣｕ：２３％,Ａｕ：２５％,Ａ
ｇ：２５％と低い。Comparative Example Next, for comparison, 100 kg of municipal waste incineration ash was prepared, and a granulated product obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was subjected to a magnetic separator to separate and collect a metal portion. Table 4 shows the results. In this way, the metal selection is 5.
Although 7Kg could be recovered, valuable metals including copper etc. migrated to the slag side, resulting in large recovery loss and the copper quality was
Since it is as low as 7.2% by weight, recovery in copper smelting is impossible in terms of cost. The recovery rate was also Cu: 23%, Au: 25%, A
g: as low as 25%.
【００２０】[0020]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】本発明の回収方法によれば、都市ゴミ焼
却灰の溶融スラグから銅などの有価金属を効率よく回収
することが出来る。しかも本発明の回収方法は、焼却灰
の溶融の際に必要に応じて酸素（または空気）を溶融ス
ラグの下層に生成したメタル層に吹き込み、該メタル層
中の鉄金属の酸化を速進せしめスラグ化することによ
り、該メタル層中の銅の含有量を銅精練用の原料として
使用可能な範囲まで向上させることができ、該溶融物を
冷却水砕後、比重差を利用した簡便な方法で、大がかり
な設備を必要とせず、処理コストも極めて低く有価金属
を含有するメタルの回収を実施し易いうえに、従来は経
費をかけて廃棄していたものから経済性のある資源を回
収出来るので、実用上の利点が大きい。また回収したス
ラグは金属分の含有量が少ないので、建築用レンガの材
料等に適し、有効に利用し易い。According to the recovery method of the present invention, valuable metals such as copper can be efficiently recovered from molten slag of incinerated ash from municipal waste. Moreover, in the recovery method of the present invention, oxygen (or air) is blown into the metal layer formed below the molten slag as needed when the incinerated ash is melted, so that the oxidation of iron metal in the metal layer is accelerated. By slagging, the content of copper in the metal layer can be improved to a range that can be used as a raw material for copper refining, and after cooling and granulating the melt, a simple method utilizing the specific gravity difference It does not require large-scale equipment, the processing cost is extremely low, the recovery of metals containing valuable metals is easy to carry out, and economical resources can be recovered from those that had previously been disposed of at high cost. Therefore, the practical advantage is great. Further, the recovered slag has a low metal content, so that it is suitable for building brick materials and the like, and is easily used effectively.
Claims (5)
の溶融物中に形成されるスラグ層と有価金属を含有する
メタル層とを粉砕後、比重差を利用した方法で選別する
ことにより、上記有価金属を含有するメタルを、粉砕物
から分離することを特徴とする都市ゴミ焼却灰中の有価
金属の回収方法。When municipal waste incineration ash is melted, a slag layer formed in the melt and a metal layer containing valuable metals are pulverized and then separated by a method utilizing a specific gravity difference. A method for recovering valuable metals from municipal garbage incineration ash, wherein the metal containing the valuable metals is separated from the crushed material.
融スラグの下層に生成したメタル層に酸素または空気を
吹き込み、該メタル層に含有されている鉄金属を酸化し
てスラグ化し、生成したスラグ層と有価金属を含有する
メタル層とを粉砕後、比重差を利用した方法で選別する
ことにより、上記有価金属を含有するメタルを、粉砕物
から分離することを特徴とする都市ゴミ焼却灰中の有価
金属の回収方法。2. When melting municipal waste incineration ash, oxygen or air is blown into a metal layer formed below the molten slag to oxidize iron metal contained in the metal layer to form slag, thereby forming slag. After crushing the slag layer and the metal layer containing valuable metals, the metal containing the valuable metals is separated from the crushed material by sorting by a method using a specific gravity difference, thereby incineration of municipal garbage. A method for recovering valuable metals in ash.
融し、該溶融炉の炉底側に溜った有価金属を含有するメ
タル層に必要に応じて酸素を吹き込んだ後、該溶融炉の
下層側に溜った該メタルを抜き出し、粉砕または破砕す
ることを特徴とする都市ゴミ焼却灰中の有価金属の回収
方法。3. A predetermined amount of municipal refuse incineration ash is melted in a melting furnace, and oxygen is blown into a metal layer containing valuable metal accumulated on the furnace bottom side of the melting furnace as necessary. A method for recovering valuable metals from municipal garbage incineration ash, comprising extracting the metal accumulated on the lower layer side of the furnace and pulverizing or crushing the metal.
品位：１５〜９５重量％、鉄の品位：７０重量％以下か
らなることを特徴とする請求項１、２または３記載の都
市ゴミ焼却灰中の有価金属の回収方法。4. The municipal garbage according to claim 1, wherein the metal containing valuable metal comprises copper grade: 15 to 95% by weight and iron grade: 70% by weight or less. A method for recovering valuable metals from incinerated ash.
ミ焼却灰から分離回収した有価金属を含有するメタル
を、銅製錬の原料として用いることを特徴とする都市ゴ
ミ焼却灰中の有価金属の回収方法。5. A valuable waste municipal incineration ash characterized in that a metal containing a valuable metal separated and recovered from the municipal waste incineration ash according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 is used as a raw material for copper smelting. Metal recovery method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03616397A JP3384270B2 (en) | 1997-02-20 | 1997-02-20 | Recovery of valuable metals from incinerated ash from municipal waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03616397A JP3384270B2 (en) | 1997-02-20 | 1997-02-20 | Recovery of valuable metals from incinerated ash from municipal waste |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10237559A true JPH10237559A (en) | 1998-09-08 |
| JP3384270B2 JP3384270B2 (en) | 2003-03-10 |
Family
ID=12462108
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03616397A Expired - Lifetime JP3384270B2 (en) | 1997-02-20 | 1997-02-20 | Recovery of valuable metals from incinerated ash from municipal waste |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3384270B2 (en) |
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| JP2000197874A (en) * | 1999-01-07 | 2000-07-18 | Setsuichi Kasai | Metal recovering method |
| JP2002053914A (en) * | 2000-08-03 | 2002-02-19 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for treating molten slag of waste material |
| JP2002105547A (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-10 | Nippon Mining & Metals Co Ltd | Method for treating copper-containing alloy |
| JP2003231924A (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2003-08-19 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Method for manufacturing molten metal from incinerated refuse, and application thereof |
| JP2004115822A (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2004-04-15 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Method for separation and recovery of noble metal from ferrous incineration ash/residue |
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| CN105463198A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-04-06 | 天津闪速炼铁技术有限公司 | Dedusting device and method capable of comprehensively recycling valuable metal in flue gas |
| JP2016182580A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2016-10-20 | Ｊｘ金属株式会社 | Operation method of electric furnace |
| JP2018171591A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-11-08 | Ｊｘ金属株式会社 | Method for treating general waste incineration ash |
| JP2021053641A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-08 | Ｊｘ金属株式会社 | Method for treating general waste incineration ash |
| CN113663815A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-11-19 | 赣州富邦冶金机械有限公司 | Household garbage incineration power generation slag metal sorting equipment |
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| JPH04354831A (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1992-12-09 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for removing copper from steel scrap |
| JPH0741874A (en) * | 1993-07-26 | 1995-02-10 | Setsuichi Kasai | Method for recovering metal slag of waste |
| JPH08319521A (en) * | 1994-10-10 | 1996-12-03 | “ホルダーバンク” フィナンシエール グラリュス アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | Method for treating combustion residue of waste containing industrial waste or metal oxide and apparatus for practicing the method |
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| JPH11158562A (en) * | 1997-11-27 | 1999-06-15 | Setsuichi Kasai | Method for separating and recovering useful metal from waste |
| JP2000197874A (en) * | 1999-01-07 | 2000-07-18 | Setsuichi Kasai | Metal recovering method |
| JP2002053914A (en) * | 2000-08-03 | 2002-02-19 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for treating molten slag of waste material |
| JP2002105547A (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-10 | Nippon Mining & Metals Co Ltd | Method for treating copper-containing alloy |
| JP2003231924A (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2003-08-19 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Method for manufacturing molten metal from incinerated refuse, and application thereof |
| JP2004115822A (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2004-04-15 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Method for separation and recovery of noble metal from ferrous incineration ash/residue |
| JP2007203154A (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-16 | Nikko Kinzoku Kk | Melting disposal method of industrial waste |
| JP4486047B2 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2010-06-23 | 日鉱金属株式会社 | Industrial waste melting process |
| JP2016182580A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2016-10-20 | Ｊｘ金属株式会社 | Operation method of electric furnace |
| CN105463198A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-04-06 | 天津闪速炼铁技术有限公司 | Dedusting device and method capable of comprehensively recycling valuable metal in flue gas |
| JP2018171591A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-11-08 | Ｊｘ金属株式会社 | Method for treating general waste incineration ash |
| CN113663815A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-11-19 | 赣州富邦冶金机械有限公司 | Household garbage incineration power generation slag metal sorting equipment |
| JP2021053641A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-08 | Ｊｘ金属株式会社 | Method for treating general waste incineration ash |
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