JPH10236747A - Safety device for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce inertia mass in a part pulling a wire cable operating an emergency brake mechanism when a main rope is cut. SOLUTION: In case that a main rope 1 suspending a car of an elevator is cut, when a shackle rod 4 is displaced downward by an operating spring 22, a large diametric part 4b of the shackle rod 4 is engaged with a seesaw member 33, it is swiveled counter clockwise around a swivel shaft 32. In this way, a wire cable 41 locked to a left end part of the seesaw member 33 is pulled, by actuating an emergency brake mechanism 8, a drop down of the car is braked. By applying weight of the car not at all to the seesaw member 33, weight is lightened of the seesaw member 33, its inertia mass can be reduced, the emergency brake mechanism 8 can be very quickly actuated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a safety device for an elevator, and more particularly to an elevator safety device capable of operating an emergency braking mechanism for braking a fall of a car when a main rope is cut off more quickly. Related to the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An example of a conventionally used elevator safety device will be described with reference to FIG. 7. An elevator car 2 suspended by a main rope 1 is guided by a guide rail 3 to move up and down. . A total of four shackle rods 4 respectively connected to the lower ends of the four main ropes 1 are inserted into insertion holes penetrating through a base frame 5 of the car 2, and are vertically inserted with respect to the base frame 5. And its lower end is fixed to a horizontally extending rectangular stopper plate 6. An operation spring 7 is interposed between the stopper plate 6 and the base frame 5, and is compressed by the weight of the car 2.

On the other hand, the car 2 is provided with an emergency braking mechanism 8 for preventing the car 2 from dropping when the main rope 1 is cut. The tip of a wire cable 9 for operating the emergency braking mechanism 8 is directly connected to the stopper plate 6. Thus, if the main rope 1 is cut, the operating spring 7 instantaneously expands, displacing the stopper plate 6 downward and pulling the wire cable 9, so that the emergency braking mechanism 8 operates to prevent the car 2 from dropping. can do.

[0004]

By the way, the above-mentioned emergency braking mechanism 8 is required to operate within a very short time, for example, less than 0.04 seconds, depending on the speed at which the car 2 moves up and down. Thereby, the portion displaced by the extension of the operation spring 7 is reduced in weight to reduce its inertial mass,
It is necessary to be able to pull the wire cable 9 instantaneously.

However, in the conventional elevator safety device described above, since the weight of the elevator car 2 is loaded on the stopper plate 6 to which the wire cable 9 is connected, the stopper plate 6 is necessarily strong. The weight increases.

In the above-mentioned conventional elevator safety device, the lower ends of a total of four shackle rods 4 are fixed to the four corners of the rectangular plate-shaped stopper plate 6 respectively. Accordingly, when the operation spring 7 is extended to displace the stopper plate 6 downward, the stopper plate 6
The guide member 10 fixed to the stopper plate 6 and the guide member 11 fixed to the base frame are slidably fitted with each other so that the stopper plate 6 does not incline, and guide the vertical displacement of the stopper plate 6. Have been.

That is, in the conventional elevator safety device described above, the stopper plate 6 and the guide member 1
The weight of zero increases, and the inertial mass of the portion displaced by the extension of the operation spring 7 is large. Therefore, in order to operate the emergency braking mechanism 8 within a predetermined operation time, the spring force of the operation spring 7 must be increased. Then, the riding comfort of the car 2 supported on the operation spring 7 deteriorates. When a large forced displacement is applied to the car 2, the shackle rod 4
Is greatly moved up and down, the stopper plate 6 may be largely displaced downward and the emergency braking mechanism 8 may malfunction. Further, a wire cable 9 is attached to the stopper plate 6.
Is not covered with the guide members 10 and 11, so that adjustment at the time of assembly cannot be easily performed. Further, in the above-described conventional elevator safety device, the processing accuracy and the assembly accuracy must be improved so that the guide members 10 and 11 for guiding the stopper plate 6 slide smoothly.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, to reduce the inertial mass of a portion pulling a wire cable for operating an emergency braking mechanism, and to instantaneously operate the emergency braking mechanism. It is to provide an elevator safety device that can be activated.

[0009]

In order to solve the above problems, an elevator safety device according to the present invention is supported on a base frame of a car of an elevator so as to be vertically displaceable, and an upper portion thereof is mounted on the elevator car. A shackle rod connected to a main rope for suspending the car, an operation spring interposed between a stopper member attached to a lower end of the shackle rod and the base frame and compressed by the weight of the car, A seesaw member that is swingably supported by the base frame, engages with the shackle rod, and swings in conjunction with downward displacement of the shackle rod; and One end is connected to the emergency braking mechanism for braking the fall of the car, and the other end is connected to the seesaw member, and the emergency braking mechanism is operated in conjunction with the swing of the seesaw member. And a wire cable for moving.

That is, in the elevator safety device of the present invention, in the event that the main rope is cut, the shackle rod is displaced downward by the operation spring, and the seesaw member is swung. Then, the wire cable interlocked with the swing of the seesaw member is pulled, and the emergency braking mechanism operates. At this time, in the elevator safety device of the present invention, since the weight of the car does not act on the seesaw member that pulls the wire cable at all, the seesaw member can be reduced in weight and its inertial mass can be reduced. Thereby, the emergency braking mechanism can be operated very quickly. In addition, since the inertial mass of the portion displaced by the operation spring can be reduced, the spring force of the operation spring can be reduced as compared with the conventional spring force as long as the time required for operating the emergency braking mechanism can be kept within a predetermined time. Can be weakened. As a result, the riding comfort of the car supported by the operation spring can be improved. Also, by reducing the spring force of the operation spring, the magnitude of the reaction force applied to the shackle rod by the operation spring can be reduced even if a large forced displacement is applied to the car and the operation spring expands and contracts. As a result, the shackle rod can be prevented from being largely displaced with respect to the base frame of the car, so that the swing displacement of the seesaw member can be suppressed small, and there is no possibility that the emergency braking mechanism malfunctions.

Further, in the elevator safety device of the present invention, since the washer loosely fitted to the shackle rod is interposed at a portion where the shackle rod and the seesaw member are engaged, the shackle rod is attached to the seesaw member. Both can be smoothly slid without being bitten. As a result, not only can the time required for operating the emergency braking mechanism be further shortened, but also the two can be easily separated, so that a recovery operation after the emergency braking mechanism is activated can be easily performed. .

Further, by disposing a cushioning material made of a low friction resin material at a portion where the washer contacts the seesaw member, the relative displacement between the shackle rod and the seesaw member can be further smoothed. The time required for operating the emergency braking mechanism can be further reduced. And even if vertical vibrations occur in the car, the washer and the seesaw member do not collide with each other and no abnormal noise is generated.

Further, if the outer tube of the wire cable is directly attached to the lower surface of the base frame of the car, the wire cable can be attached to the base tube in comparison with the case where the outer tube is attached to the base frame via a bracket. The dimension projecting below the lower surface of the frame can be reduced. As a result, not only can the interference between the wire cable and the surrounding equipment be prevented, but also the vertical dimension of the car can be reduced and the pit depth can be reduced.

Further, by making the spring characteristic of the operating spring non-linear and setting the spring constant when compressed by the weight of the car smaller than the spring constant when expanded, the riding comfort of the car is improved. be able to. Also, in an emergency when the main rope is cut, the spring constant increases as the operation spring expands, so that the emergency braking mechanism can be operated quickly.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an elevator safety device according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 1 is an overall side view of an elevator safety device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional side view taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is a front view of an operation spring portion of the elevator safety device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing spring characteristics of the operation spring shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. FIG. 6 is an overall side view showing an elevator safety device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
The same parts as those shown in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

First Embodiment First, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a first embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
The elevator safety device 100 according to the embodiment will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 1, an insertion hole 5a penetrating through a left end portion of the elevator car base frame 5 in the drawing is connected to lower ends of a total of four main ropes 1 for suspending the car. A total of four shackle rods 4 are inserted and supported so as to be vertically displaceable. A total of four operation springs 22 are interposed between the stopper 21 attached to the lower end of the shackle rod 4 and the lower surface 5b of the base frame 5, respectively. As a result, the operation spring 22 is compressed by the weight of the car, and the overall length is reduced.

On the upper surface 5c of the base frame 5, a wire cable pulling mechanism 30 for pulling a wire cable 40 for operating the emergency braking mechanism 8 is provided. That is, the see-saw member 33 having a rectangular plate shape is swingably supported by the swing shaft 32 which is supported by the bracket 31 fixed to the upper surface 5c of the base frame 5 and extends horizontally. And
A small diameter portion 4a of the shackle rod 4 is inserted into a total of four long holes 34 penetrating the seesaw member 33 on the left end 33a side in the figure. And on the upper surface of the seesaw member 33, a steel washer 35 loosely fitted to the shackle rod 4 is mounted. Note that a low friction resin material such as tetrafluoroethylene is attached to a portion where the washer 35 contacts the upper surface of the seesaw member 33. Thereby, when the shackle rod 4 is displaced downward and pushes down the seesaw member 33, not only the sliding between the large diameter portion 4b of the shackle rod 4 and the seesaw member 33 becomes smooth, but also the elevator moves up and down. No abnormal noise is generated between the washer 35 and the seesaw member 33.

On the other hand, one end 41 a of an inner cable 41 constituting the wire cable 40 is locked to a right end 33 b of the seesaw member 33 in the figure by a locking metal fitting 42. Further, one end 43 a of the outer tube 43 constituting the wire cable 40 is directly locked to the lower surface 5 b of the base frame 5 by a locking metal member 44. This allows
Compared to a case where one end 43a of the outer tube 43 is attached to the lower surface 5b of the base frame 5 using a bracket, the lowermost end portion 40a of the wire cable 40 can be closer to the base frame 5, and interference with peripheral devices can be achieved. Can be prevented. Also, the other end 41b of the inner cable 41
Is connected to the upper end of the holder 8a constituting the emergency braking mechanism 8. The other end 43b of the outer tube 43 is attached to a bracket 45 screwed to the vertical frame 12 of the car. Further, a coil spring 46 is interposed between the other end 41b of the inner cable 41 and the bracket 45, and pulls the inner cable 41 toward the emergency braking mechanism 8.

Next, the operation of the elevator safety device 100 of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described.

Normally, the elevator car is suspended by a total of four main ropes 1. Thereby, the operation spring 22 is compressed by the weight of the car,
The shackle rod 4 is displaced upward with respect to the base frame 5 of the car. Further, the seesaw member 33 is swung clockwise in the drawing fully around the swing shaft 32 by the inner cable 41 pulled by the coil spring 46, and the right end 33 b in the drawing contacts the upper surface 5 c of the base frame 5. In contact. In this state, there is a slight gap between the illustrated left end portion 33a of the seesaw member 33 and the large diameter portion 4b of the shackle rod 4. Thus, even if the shackle rod 4 moves up and down with respect to the base frame 5 in a short stroke due to the vertical vibration of the car, the large diameter portion 4b of the shackle rod 4 does not easily come into contact with the seesaw member 33. Further, in a state where the washer 35 is lifted and brought into contact with the large diameter portion 4b of the shackle rod 4,
By measuring the gap between the upper surface of the seesaw member 33 and the upper surface of the seesaw member 33, the shackle rod 4 can be easily positioned vertically with respect to the seesaw member 33. Note that the vertical position of the shackle rod 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the double nut 23 screwed to the lower end of the shackle rod 4.

On the other hand, if any one of the four main ropes 1 suspending the car is cut by any chance, the shackle rod 4 connected to the cut main rope will extend the operating spring 22. Displaced downward by force.
The large-diameter portion 4 of the shackle rod 4 displaced downward
b comes into contact with the upper surface of the seesaw member 33 via the washer 35, and pushes down the left end 33a of the seesaw member 33 in the figure. Then, the seesaw member 33 swings around the swing shaft 32 in the counterclockwise direction in the figure, and the right end 33b in the figure displaces upward. Thereby, one end 4 of the inner cable 41 is
Since 1a is pulled upward, the holder 8a of the emergency braking mechanism 8 is lifted upward while being guided by the guide hole 8c penetrating through the block 8b fixed to the vertical frame 12. Then, the roller 8d held by the holder 8a is pressed against the guide rail 3 by the tapered surface 8e of the block 8b. Then, the guide rail 3 pressed by the roller 8d comes into frictional contact with the block 8f fixed to the other vertical frame 13, and brakes the fall of the car.

At this time, in the elevator safety device 100 of the first embodiment, an annular stopper 21 and a double nut 2 are provided at the lower end of the shackle rod 4 respectively.
3 is attached, and other heavy members such as the stopper plate 6 and the guide member 10 as shown in FIG. 7 are not attached at all. As a result, the inertial mass of the shackle rod 4 can be significantly reduced as compared with that of the related art. Further, since the weight of the car does not act on the seesaw member 33 that pulls the inner cable 41, the seesaw member 33 can be reduced in weight and its inertia mass can be reduced. Therefore, according to the elevator safety device 100 of the first embodiment, the emergency braking mechanism 8 can be operated very quickly by the spring force of the operation spring 22.

Further, since the inertial mass of the member displaced by the operation spring 22 is reduced, the time required for the operation of the emergency braking mechanism 8 can be set within a predetermined time. The spring force can be reduced compared to the conventional one. Thereby, the operation spring 2
The riding comfort of the car supported by the vehicle 2 can be improved. Further, by reducing the spring force of the operation spring 22, even when a large forced displacement is applied to the car and the operation spring 22 expands and contracts, the magnitude of the reaction force applied to the shackle rod 4 by the operation spring 22 is reduced. be able to. Thus, there is no possibility that the shackle rod 4 is largely displaced with respect to the base frame 5 of the car to swing the seesaw member 33 and cause the emergency braking mechanism 8 to malfunction.

In the elevator safety device 100 according to the first embodiment, the large diameter portion 4 of the shackle rod 4 is used.
b and the seesaw member 33 are engaged with the washer 35 loosely fitted to the shackle rod 4, so that the large diameter portion 4b of the shackle rod 4
3 can be smoothly slid without getting stuck. In addition, since the washer 35 is attached to a portion of the shackle rod 4 which is in contact with the upper surface of the seesaw member 33 with a low friction resin material as a cushioning material,
In addition to the smooth sliding of the seesaw member 33 and the seesaw member 33, the seesaw member 33 can be quickly swung, and the difference between the washer 35 and the seesaw member 33 even when the elevator vibrates vertically. There is no sound.

Second Embodiment Next, an elevator safety device 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
Elevator safety device 2 of the second embodiment shown in FIG.
At 00, the operation spring housing 50 is fixed to the lower surface of the base frame 5 of the car. The lower end of the shackle rod 4 is inserted into the operation spring housing 50. An upper operation spring 52 is interposed between a stopper 51 attached to a lower end of the shackle rod 4 and a lower surface of the base frame 5. Further, between the stopper 51 and the bottom plate 53 of the operation spring housing 50, a lower operation spring 54 whose outer diameter becomes smaller toward the lower side is interposed.

Elevator safety device 2 of the second embodiment
00 is characterized by the upper and lower operating springs 52,
54 is to operate as an operation spring having a non-linear characteristic as a whole. That is, as shown in FIG.
The spring characteristic of the upper operation spring 52 is set such that the upper operation spring 52 gradually expands as the shackle rod 4 is displaced downward, and the spring reaction force is weakened. On the other hand, the second operation spring 54 is gradually compressed as the shackle rod 4 is displaced downward, and its spring characteristic is set such that the spring reaction force is nonlinearly increased. Therefore, the first
As shown in FIG. 2, the second operation springs 52 and 54 operate as operation springs having non-linear spring characteristics in which the spring constant gradually increases as the shackle rod 4 is displaced downward.

Further, the first and second operation springs 52,
The non-linear spring characteristic by 54 is set in a relationship as shown in FIG. 5 with respect to the linear spring characteristic of a conventionally used operation spring. That is, in a range in which the shackle rod 4 moves downward with respect to the car due to the vertical vibration of the car from the steady position where the shackle rod 4 is relatively uppermost with respect to the car, the first and the second The spring force of the second operation springs 52 and 54 is set to be lower than the spring force of the conventional operation spring. On the other hand, as the shackle rod is displaced downward in an emergency, the spring force of the first and second operation springs 52 and 54 is set to exceed the spring force of the conventional operation spring.

Therefore, according to the elevator safety device 200 of the second embodiment, when the car is vertically vibrated, the first and second operation springs 52 and 54 generate the energy of the spring reaction force exerted on the car. As compared with a conventional operation spring having a linear characteristic, it can be reduced as shown by hatching in FIG. 5, and the riding comfort of the car can be greatly improved. On the other hand, as the shackle rod is displaced downward, the spring force of the first and second operation springs 52 and 54 displacing the shackle rod 4 downward is reduced by the spring force of a conventionally used operation spring having a linear spring characteristic. As a result, the shackle rod 4 can be displaced at a high speed as in the related art, and the emergency braking mechanism can be quickly operated.

Third Embodiment Next, an elevator safety device 300 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the elevator safety device 3 according to the third embodiment.
In 00, the configuration of the wire cable pulling mechanism 60 that pulls the wire cable 70 that operates the emergency braking mechanism 8 is different from the elevator safety device 100 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. That is, the bracket 61 fixed to the lower surface 5b of the car base frame 5 and extending downward.
A horizontally extending swing shaft 62 is attached to a lower end of the swing shaft 62. An insertion hole is formed through a seesaw member 63 having a rectangular plate shape that is swingably supported by the swing shaft 62, and the lower end of the shackle rod 4 is inserted therethrough. As a result, the main rope 1 is cut by any chance and the shackle rod 4
Is displaced downward, the double nut 23 attached to the lower end of the shackle rod 4 presses the seesaw member 63 and swings the seesaw member 63 counterclockwise in the figure.

On the other hand, the wire cable 70 connected to the emergency braking mechanism 8 extends substantially parallel along the upper surface 5c of the base frame 5 and then curves and extends downward above the left end portion of the base frame 5 in the figure. . One end 71 a of the inner cable 71 constituting the wire cable 70 is locked to the swinging end 63 a of the seesaw member 63 by a locking metal member 72. Further, one end 73a of the outer tube 73 constituting the wire cable 70 is locked to the upper surface 5c of the base frame 5 by a locking metal member 74. Accordingly, when the seesaw member 63 is pressed by the shackle rod 4 and swings around the swing shaft 62 in the counterclockwise direction in the drawing,
The end 71a of the inner cable 71 is displaced downward, and the emergency braking mechanism 8 is pulled to operate.

That is, in the elevator safety device 300 of the third embodiment, since the wire cable pulling mechanism 60 is provided below the base frame 5 of the car,
This is suitable when equipment or the like is provided above the base frame 5 to make it impossible to secure a mounting space. Also, since the wire cable 70 can be arranged with a gentle curve,
The frictional resistance generated between the inner cable 71 and the outer tube 73 constituting the wire cable 70 can be reduced, and the emergency braking mechanism 8 can be operated more quickly.

Although the embodiments of the safety device for an elevator according to the present invention have been described in detail above, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the seesaw member is configured to swing using the large diameter portion 4b formed on the upper portion of the shackle rod 4 or the double nut 23 attached to the lower end portion of the shackle rod. However, the seesaw member can be swung by any engagement member provided at the longitudinally intermediate portion of the shackle rod 4.

[0033]

As is apparent from the above description, the elevator safety device according to the present invention is designed such that if the main rope suspending the elevator car is cut off and the shackle rod is displaced downward by the operation spring, The seesaw member swings to pull the wire cable, and the emergency braking mechanism is operated. Therefore, since the weight of the car does not act on the seesaw member pulling the wire cable at all, the seesaw member can be reduced in weight and its inertial mass can be reduced, and the emergency braking mechanism can be operated very quickly. In addition, since the inertial mass of the member displaced by the operation spring can be reduced, the spring force of the operation spring can be reduced to the conventional value as long as the time required for operating the emergency braking mechanism can be kept within a predetermined time. The riding comfort of the car supported by the operating spring, which can be weakened in comparison, can be improved. Also, by reducing the spring force of the operation spring, the magnitude of the reaction force applied to the shackle rod by the operation spring can be reduced even if a large forced displacement is applied to the car and the operation spring expands and contracts. The shackle rod is not largely displaced, and the swing displacement of the seesaw member is suppressed to a small value, so that malfunction of the emergency braking mechanism can be reliably prevented. Further, in the elevator safety device of the present invention, if even one of the main ropes for suspending the car is cut, the emergency braking mechanism can be immediately activated, thereby further improving safety. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of an elevator safety device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional side view taken along the line AA in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of an operation spring portion of an elevator safety device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing spring characteristics of the operation spring shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the operation spring shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is an overall side view showing an elevator safety device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an overall side view showing a conventional safety device for an elevator.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main rope 2 Riding car 3 Guide rail 4 Shackle rod 5 Riding car base frame 6 Stopper plate 7 Operation spring 8 Emergency braking mechanism 8a Holder 8b Block 8c Guide hole 8d Roller 8e Tapered surface 8f Block 9 Wire cable 10, 11 Guide member 12, 13 Vertical frame 21 Stopper 22 Operating spring 30 Wire cable pulling mechanism 31 Bracket 32 Oscillating shaft 33 Seesaw member 34 Slot 35 Washer 40 Wire cable 41 Inner cable 42 Locking bracket 43 Outer tube 44 Locking bracket 50 Operating spring housing Reference Signs List 51 stopper 52 upper operation spring 53 bottom plate 54 lower operation spring 60 wire cable pulling mechanism 61 bracket 62 swing shaft 63 seesaw member 64 insertion hole 70 wire cable 71 inner cable 72 Locking bracket 73 Outer tube 74 Locking bracket 100 Elevator safety device of the first embodiment according to the present invention 200 Elevator safety device of the second embodiment according to the present invention 300 Elevator safety device of the third embodiment according to the present invention

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A shackle rod which is supported on a base frame of a car of an elevator so as to be vertically displaceable and has an upper part connected to a main rope for suspending the car, and a shackle rod attached to a lower end of the shackle rod. An operating spring interposed between the stopper member provided and the base frame and compressed by the weight of the car; and an operating spring supported swingably on the base frame and engaging with the shackle rod, One end is connected to the seesaw member that is swung in conjunction with the downward displacement of the shackle rod and an emergency braking mechanism that brakes the fall of the car when the main rope is cut, and the other end is the seesaw. A wire cable connected to a member and operating the emergency braking mechanism in conjunction with swinging of the seesaw member. Apparatus. 2. The elevator safety device according to claim 1, wherein a washer loosely fitted to the shackle rod is interposed at a portion where the shackle rod and the seesaw member engage. 3. The elevator safety device according to claim 1, wherein a buffer member made of a resin material having low friction is arranged at a portion of the washer that comes into contact with the seesaw member. 4. The elevator safety device according to claim 1, wherein an outer tube of the wire cable is directly engaged with a lower surface of the base frame. 5. A non-linear characteristic graph of a spring force with respect to a spring length of the operation spring, and a spring constant in a spring length when the operation spring is compressed by the weight of the car, when the operation spring is expanded. The spring constant is set to be smaller than the spring length of the spring.
An elevator safety device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.