JPH10226591A - Production of explosive composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce such a compsn. that the explosion rate is increased and that the power to destruct a rock and the gas produced by firing are significantly improved, by heating a mixture of an oxidizing agent essentially comprising ammonia nitrate, fuel and a potassium compd. at specified temp. during mixing and/or after mixing. SOLUTION: An oxidizing agent containing at least one ammonia nitrate selected from porous granular ammonium nitrate, pulverized porous ammonia nitrate, powdery ammonium nitrate, etc., by >80wt.% is mixed by 84 to 97wt.% of the whole compd. with a potassium compd. having <=80μm particle size selected from potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium benzoate, potassium sorbate, etc., by 0.5 to 5wt.% of the whole compsn. Then at least one fuel which is liquid at normal temp. and selected from light oil, kerosine, dinitrotoluene, dinitroxylene, alcohols, nitroporopane, etc., is added by 3 to 10wt.% of the whole compsn. During mixing the explosive compsn., and/or after mixing, the mixture is heated at about 32.5 to 150 deg.C so as to stably obtain safety in the production process.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to industrial explosives, and more particularly to the fields of mining and industry such as civil engineering, quarrying, mining, coal mining, and tunnel excavation; and agriculture and forestry such as drainage, irrigation, clearing, root removal, and logging. A method for producing an explosive composition for use in blasting, crushing, excavating, and the like in the marine field, such as the removal of undersea weeds and mud.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Typical examples of industrial explosives include dynamite, hydrous explosives, and explosives for nitrate oil. Especially,
The nitrate oil explosive is an insensitive explosive that cannot be detonated by a single primer consisting of 94 parts of porous granular nitrate and 6 parts of oil. This explosive has a problem with gas and the like after blasting, but is inexpensive compared to other explosives. Therefore, the demand for explosives for blasting at non-tunnel sites (lighting sites) tends to increase year by year.

[0003] As measures for improving the quality of explosives and the like of such nitrate oil explosives, a method using prill nitrate having a specific oil absorption rate or a prilled ammonium nitrate having a specific oil absorption rate as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-69772 has been proposed. JP-A-2-221178, JP-A-2-267182, JP-A-8-267, JP-A-2-267182, a method using prill nitrate having a limited oil absorption and particle size.
A method of using wax as a fuel as disclosed in JP-A-48590 is known. In addition, as a countermeasure against gas after the blasting of the nitrate oil explosive, the abstract of the 1965 research presentation sponsored by the Industrial Explosives Association, "About the post-gas of ANFO explosive"
A method for adjusting the blending ratio of light oil amount and the particle size of prilled ammonium nitrate as described in (1) is known.

[0004]

[0005] An ammonium nitrate explosive can be manufactured at a lower cost by a simpler method than other industrial explosives. However, a prill nitrate having a specific oil absorption, a prill nitrate having a limited particle size, and a crushed nitrate are used. The detonation reaction rate and gas after blasting of the used nitric acid explosives, the explosives using wax as fuel and the explosives using wax as fuel did not improve sufficiently. Although oil explosives improved the explosion speed, they did not sufficiently improve the gas after blasting, and were difficult to use in hard rock excavations such as tunnels and poorly ventilated sites. Therefore, there remains a problem that the detonation reaction rate is low and a large amount of toxic gas such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide is generated after the blast.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, in the production of an explosive composition comprising an oxidizing agent mainly composed of ammonium nitrate, a fuel and a potassium compound, the explosive composition It has been found that, when the material is heated, the dispersion of the fuel in the oxidizing agent, mainly ammonium nitrate, is promoted and improved, the detonation reaction speed (explosion speed) is increased, and the rock breaking force and the gas after blasting are significantly improved. It was completed. That is,
The constitution of the present invention is a method for producing an explosive composition characterized by heating during and / or after mixing an oxidizing agent mainly composed of ammonium nitrate, a fuel and a potassium compound.

Surprisingly, in the present invention, when a heating treatment is performed during and / or after the mixing of the oxidizing agent, the fuel and the potassium compound, both the explosive velocity and the gas after blasting are significantly improved. Is obtained. As the oxidizing agent of the present invention, those known in the explosive industry can be used. For example, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, and the like, which have been conventionally used as typical oxidizing agents for industrial explosives, can be used. As described above, the oxidizing agent contains ammonium nitrate as a main component, and preferably 80% by weight or more of the oxidizing agent is ammonium nitrate. The ammonium nitrate may contain an ammonium nitrate explosive or potassium, and in particular, a prill nitrate having a bulk specific gravity of about 0.7 to 0.8 and a particle diameter of 0.8 to 1.0 mm, or a prill nitrate as described above. Pulverized ammonium nitrate is preferred. Oxidants other than ammonium nitrate include sodium nitrate and calcium nitrate.

[0007] The amount of the oxidizing agent used in the present invention is 84 to 97% by weight based on the total composition of the explosive composition. 8
If the amount is less than 4% by weight, the performance as an explosive is maintained, but the explosion speed is reduced. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 97% by weight, the detonation performance deteriorates, and the frequency of the detonation interruption increases with a normal booster amount. More preferred is 90-96% by weight. As the fuel of the present invention, those known in the technical field of explosives can be used. Particularly, a liquid at room temperature is preferable. For example, light oil, kerosene, dinitrotoluene, dinitroxylene, alcohol, nitropropane, etc.
More than one species can be used in combination. Above all,
Diesel oil is a good fuel that has a good miscibility with ammonium nitrate, is inexpensive, and has an excellent explosive speed improvement effect that is practical.

The fuel of the present invention is preferably used in an amount of 3 to 10% by weight based on the total composition. Within this range, the performance as an explosive can be maintained, and there is no increase in nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in the gas after the blasting, so that the safety work at the blasting site is improved. More preferred is 4-6% by weight. The potassium compound of the present invention includes potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium bromide, potassium iodide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sorbate, potassium naphthyl acetate,
One or more of potassium benzoate, potassium acetate, potassium hydrogen tartrate, potassium P-styrenesulfonate and the like can be selected and used. Above all, fine powders of potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium benzoate, and potassium sorbate have remarkable improvements in explosive speed and gas after blasting.

The above-mentioned potassium compound is added in the form of a powder. However, as the particle size increases, the effect of improving the reactivity decreases, and the gas after blasting is not sufficiently improved. Therefore, the particle diameter of the potassium compound used in the present invention is preferably 80 μm or less. Preferably it is 20-40 micrometers, More preferably, it is 0.5-20 micrometers. When a material having a large particle size is used, it is preferable to use a fine particle or a part thereof dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide.

The amount of the potassium compound of the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight based on the total composition. Within this range, the explosive speed and the gas after blasting are sufficiently improved while maintaining the performance as an explosive, and there is no drawback that the reactivity is impaired and the explosive speed is reduced. More preferably, it is 0.7 to 3% by weight. The method for producing the explosive composition of the present invention can be carried out by heating to a predetermined temperature during and / or after mixing the oxidizing agent, the fuel, and the potassium compound. When heating during mixing, one or more of the above components may be preheated, or one or more of the above components may be mixed while heating. If the mixture is heated after mixing, it may be placed before or after filling in medicine packs or bags, during storage, or immediately before filling the blast holes. Preferred is a method in which the explosive composition is heated after being stored in a naked medicine or a container.

[0011] The heating temperature is preferably 32.5 to 150 ° C. Within this range, the effect of heating and the safety in production can be stably obtained. More preferably, 33-8
It is 0 degreeC, More preferably, it is 33-60 degreeC. The heating time may be extremely short as long as the temperature of the explosive reaches a predetermined temperature. When it is desired to heat to a desired temperature in a short time, it is preferable to use a device capable of continuously heating a small amount at a time.

Examples of the heating method of the present invention include, for example,
A method of continuously heating a small amount of an explosive composition little by little through a heating pipe or a heating plate at about 80 ° C., and a heating medium such as air, steam, hot water, high-temperature paraffin, etc. There is a method in which the temperature of the explosive composition in the container is adjusted so that the temperature of the explosive composition in the container exceeds a desired temperature by heating the entire packaging container.

[0013]

Next, the present invention will be described by way of examples. The measurement of the bulk specific gravity, the filling specific gravity, the explosion velocity and the gas after blasting of the explosive were performed by the following methods.

[0014]

[Measurement of bulk specific gravity] Use a 32A steel pipe (outer diameter 42.7m)
m, inner diameter 35.7 mm, wall thickness 3.5 mm) and length 350
After sealing one end of the mm and filling the explosive without tamping, the weight of the charged explosive and the volume of the explosive occupying in the container are read, and the bulk specific gravity is calculated from the weight and the volume of the explosive.

[0015]

[Measurement of filling specific gravity] A 32A steel pipe (outer diameter 42.7m)
m, inner diameter 35.7 mm, wall thickness 3.5 mm) and length 350
After sealing one end of the mm and filling the explosive with tamping, the weight of the charged explosive and the volume of the explosive occupying in the container are read, and the filling specific gravity is calculated from the weight and the volume of the explosive.

[0016]

[Measurement of explosion velocity] 32A steel pipe (outer diameter 42.7mm, inner diameter 3
(5.7 mm, wall thickness 3.5 mm), one end of 350 mm in length is sealed and filled with explosives, and then a No. 6 primer with an explosive (No. 3 paulownia dynamite 30 g) is used. After detonation, a primer was detonated on sand and the explosion velocity was measured by the optical fiber method.

[0017]

[Measurement of gas after blasting] Inner diameter of cylindrical container (made of tin) 40m
m and a length of 240 mm were filled with 200 g of explosive, and the explosive was fitted with an explosive (30 g of paulownia dynamite). Then, after the No. 6 primer was attached to the explosive, the cavity containing the container was filled with clay containing water to obtain an explosive container. Further, the explosion container has a cylindrical container (made of tinplate) filled with the above-mentioned clay at the bottom.
It was inserted into a container having a length of 00 mm and a length of 250 mm, and after covering the cavity and the opening with the above-mentioned clay, it was exploded at the center of the tank. Immediately after the explosion, the tank was sealed, and one minute after the explosion, carbon monoxide, nitrogen monoxide, and ammonia in the tank were measured using a Kitagawa detector tube.

[0018]

Example 1 Prill nitrate (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation;
940 g of potassium sulfate (02% by weight) and 10 g of potassium sulfate having an average particle size of about 20 μm (manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd .: industrial use) were sufficiently mixed by hand in a polyethylene bag (hereinafter abbreviated as a polybag). Next, 60 g of No. 2 light oil was added to the above-mentioned plastic bag, and the mixture was thoroughly mixed by hand. Then, the mixture was heated for about 10 minutes in a container having an external bath of about 90 ° C. silicone oil to lower the temperature of the explosive. After the temperature was raised to about 35 ° C., the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature to obtain an explosive composition. Thereafter, after storing at 20 ° C. for 10 days, the bulk specific gravity, the filling specific gravity, the explosion velocity, and the gas after blasting were measured. Table 1 shows the results.

[0019]

Example 2 Prill nitrate (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd .;
940 g) and 10 g of potassium sulfate (special grade reagent, manufactured by Kishida Co., Ltd.) having an average particle size of about 25 μm were sufficiently mixed by hand in a plastic bag. Next, 60 g of No. 2 light oil was added into the above-mentioned plastic bag, and the explosive mixed sufficiently by hand was passed little by little through a stainless steel pipe heated to about 90 ° C. with steam, and the explosive after passing through was expelled. The temperature was adjusted to 35 ° C. to obtain an explosive composition. Then, after leaving it to cool to room temperature,
After storage at 0 ° C. for 10 days, the bulk specific gravity, the filling specific gravity, the explosion velocity, and the gas after blasting were measured. Table 1 shows the results.

[0020]

Example 3 2 kg of ANFO explosives (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation; water content: 0.06% by weight) and 40 g of potassium sulfate having an average particle size of about 23 μm (manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd .: industrial) are sufficiently contained in a plastic bag. The mixture obtained by hand was allowed to stand in a heating chamber controlled at about 45 ° C. for about 3 days, and then allowed to cool to room temperature to obtain an explosive composition. Thereafter, after storing at 20 ° C. for 10 days, the bulk specific gravity, the filling specific gravity, the explosion velocity, and the gas after blasting were measured. Table 1 shows the results.
Shown in

[0021]

Example 4 Prill nitrate (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation;
940 g (02% by weight) and 30 g of potassium sulfate having an average particle size of about 20 μm (manufactured by Kishida Co., Ltd .: special grade reagent) were sufficiently mixed by hand in a plastic bag. Next, 60 g of No. 2 light oil was added to the above-mentioned plastic bag, and the explosive mixed sufficiently by hand was heated for about 10 minutes in a container using silicone oil at about 90 ° C. as an external bath, and the temperature of the explosive was increased. Was set to about 50 ° C., and then allowed to cool to room temperature to obtain an explosive composition. Thereafter, after storing at 20 ° C. for 10 days, the bulk specific gravity, the filling specific gravity, the explosion velocity, and the gas after blasting were measured.
Table 1 shows the results.

[0022]

Example 5 Prill nitrate (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation;
940 g (02% by weight) and 20 g of potassium benzoate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical; reagent grade 1) having an average particle size of about 40 μm were sufficiently mixed by hand in a plastic bag. Next, 60 g of No. 2 light oil was added into the above-mentioned plastic bag, and the explosives that had been sufficiently mixed by hand were allowed to stand in a heating chamber controlled at about 40 ° C. for about 16 hours, and then allowed to cool to room temperature, and then exploded. Things. Thereafter, after storing at 20 ° C. for 10 days, the bulk specific gravity, the filling specific gravity, the explosion velocity, and the gas after blasting were measured.
Table 1 shows the results.

[0023]

Example 6 Prill nitrate (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation;
940 g (02% by weight) and 20 g of potassium benzoate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical; reagent grade 1) having an average particle size of about 40 μm were sufficiently mixed by hand in a plastic bag. Next, 60 g of No. 2 light oil was added into the above-mentioned plastic bag, and the explosives that had been sufficiently mixed by hand were allowed to stand in a heating chamber controlled at about 40 ° C. for about 16 hours, and then allowed to cool to room temperature, and then exploded. Things. Thereafter, after storing at 20 ° C. for 10 days, the bulk specific gravity, the filling specific gravity, the explosion velocity, and the gas after blasting were measured.
Table 1 shows the results.

[0024]

Example 7 Prill nitrate (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation;
940 g (02% by weight) and 20 g of potassium sorbate (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, reagent grade 1) having an average particle size of about 30 μm were sufficiently mixed by hand in a plastic bag. Next, 60 g of No. 2 light oil was added into the above-mentioned plastic bag, and the explosives that had been sufficiently mixed by hand were allowed to stand in a heating chamber controlled at about 40 ° C. for about 16 hours, and then allowed to cool to room temperature, and then exploded. Things. Thereafter, after storing at 20 ° C. for 10 days, the bulk specific gravity, the filling specific gravity, the explosion velocity, and the gas after blasting were measured. Table 1 shows the results.

[0025]

Example 8: Prill nitrate (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation;
02% by weight) and 940 g of crushed prill ammonium nitrate having a particle size of 0.1 to 0.4 mm and 30 g of potassium nitrate (Katayama Chemical Co., Ltd .; special grade reagent) having an average particle size of about 80 μm are sufficiently handled in a plastic bag. Mixed. Next, 60 g of No. 2 light oil was added to the plastic bag, and the sufficiently mixed explosive was heated for about 10 minutes in a container using silicone oil at about 90 ° C. as an external bath to lower the temperature of the explosive. After the temperature was raised to about 50 ° C., the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature to obtain an explosive composition. Thereafter, after storing at 20 ° C. for 10 days, the bulk specific gravity, the filling specific gravity, the explosion velocity, and the gas after blasting were measured.
Table 1 shows the results.

[0026]

Comparative Example 1 Prill nitrate (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation;
940 g of potassium sulfate (02% by weight) and 20 g of potassium sulfate having an average particle size of about 20 μm (manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd .: industrial use) were sufficiently mixed by hand in a plastic bag. Next, 60 g of No. 2 light oil was added into the above-mentioned plastic bag and thoroughly mixed by hand to obtain an explosive composition.
Thereafter, after storing at 20 ° C. for 10 days, the bulk specific gravity, the filling specific gravity, the explosion velocity, and the gas after blasting were measured. Table 1 shows the results.

[0027]

Comparative Example 2 Prill nitrate (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation;
After weighing 940 g in a plastic bag and heating in a heating chamber controlled at 45 ° C. for about 8 hours, 60 g of No. 2 light oil at room temperature was added into the above-mentioned plastic bag. The mixture was hand-mixed for minutes to obtain an explosive composition. Thereafter, after storing at 20 ° C. for 10 days, the bulk specific gravity, the filling specific gravity, the explosion velocity, and the gas after blasting were measured.
Table 1 shows the results.

[0028]

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3 2 kg of ANFO explosive (Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd .; water content 0.06% by weight) was allowed to stand in a heating cabinet controlled at about 31 ° C. for about 3 days, then allowed to cool to room temperature and exploded. The composition was used. Thereafter, after storing at 20 ° C. for 10 days, the bulk specific gravity, the filling specific gravity, the explosion velocity, and the gas after blasting were measured. Table 1 shows the results.

[0029]

[Table 1]

[0030]

According to the method for producing the explosive composition of the present invention, the temperature of an explosive composed of an oxidizing agent mainly composed of ammonium nitrate, a potassium compound, and a fuel is increased to about 32.5 to 150 ° C. to homogenize the components. To improve the power and the problems of the consumption of gas after blasting, which were the disadvantages of the conventional nitrate oil explosives,
Enabled use for tunnel blasting.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing an explosive composition comprising heating an oxidizing agent mainly composed of ammonium nitrate, a fuel and a potassium compound during and / or after mixing. 2. The method for producing an explosive composition according to claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent is selected from one or more of porous granular ammonium nitrate, crushed porous ammonium nitrate, and powdery ammonium nitrate. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the potassium compound is selected from one or more of potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium sorbate, potassium benzoate, and potassium acetate. 4. The method for producing an explosive composition according to claim 1, wherein the fuel is a liquid substance. 5. The method for producing an explosive composition according to claim 1, wherein the explosive composition is stored in a naked medicine or a container. 6. The method for producing an explosive composition according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature is about 32.5 to 150 ° C.