JPH10226565A - Far infrared ray radiating material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a uniform material, to enable utilization over the temp. range from a low temp. to a high temp., to save resources and to produce various bioactive effects by utilizing slag based on SiO2 and CaO and contg. Al2 O3 , MgO, FeO and MnO as a far IR radiating material. SOLUTION: This far IR radiating material is made of cupola slag having a relatively uniform compsn. consisting of 40-50% SiO2 , 25-35% CaO, 10-20% Al2 O3 , <2% MgO, 0.5-5% FeO, <1% MnO and 0.1-0.5% S and having 90% far IR emissivity to a black body. The cupola slag is usually a by-product produced at the time of melting pig iron, steel scraps and limestone in a cylindrical shaft furnace, that is, a cupola by the heat of combustion generated by burning fuel such as coke in the lower part of the cupola.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a far-infrared radiating material, and more particularly to a slag material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-10438 (hereinafter referred to as Conventional Example 1) discloses a method of using slag as a far-infrared radiation material. This slag is a copper ore slag composed of SiO _2, Al ₂ O ₃ and F
e ₂ O ₃ as a main component, and CaO and MgO as sub-components. The publication states that a large far-infrared emissivity can be obtained by using SiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ and Fe ₂ O ₃ as main components.

[0003] In addition, a far-infrared radiator disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-18352 (hereinafter referred to as Conventional Example 2) is composed of a ceramic as a main component and a clay and a blast furnace slag or a converter slag appropriately mixed. By doing so, the far-infrared radiation characteristics are enhanced by the iron oxide contained in these slags. CaO contained in a large amount in slag is
It is supposed to function only as a hardening agent, and it is possible to control the sintering temperature by appropriately mixing slag and clay, which is convenient for industrial production.

That is, in Conventional Example 1, SiO ₂ , Al ₂
It is stated that a large far-infrared emissivity is obtained by using O ₃ and Fe ₂ O ₃ as main components, and in Conventional Example 2 by including iron oxide. The component common to these Conventional Examples 1 and 2 is iron oxide. This iron oxide is said to have a far-infrared emissivity of 70% based on a black body,
If iron oxide is the base for far-infrared radiation, the same emissivity of the slag is considered to be less than 70%.

The slag used as the far-infrared radiation material has various uses. That is,
By adding the slag to consumer products such as oxidizing heating materials (so-called disposable or portable warmers) in addition to commercial ones such as soil temperature raising materials, snow melting materials and plant growing soils, Infrared rays can be expected to promote effects in various applications.

[0006]

However, when the iron oxide described in the prior art is a base for far-infrared radiation,
The slag has a far-infrared emissivity of 70% or less, and such an emissivity is extremely insufficient for far-infrared radiating materials in each of the above-mentioned applications, and it is not recognized that the slag can be sufficiently put to practical use. In particular, the wavelength band of far infrared rays that is physiologically effective for animals and plants is 4 to 25 μm.
If the radiation characteristics in this band are excellent, it can be applied to a material that emits far-infrared rays to the human body, such as an oxidizing heating material.

Further, when iron oxide is used as a main component, the slag has a large specific gravity as a whole, and is not practical for use as a material for various applications. On the other hand, if the far-infrared radiating material also has properties such as heat retention, it can be applied to additives such as a heat insulating material in addition to the oxidative heating material. I have.

[0008] The inventors of the present invention have conducted various trials and errors on the components of slag and the mixing ratio thereof in order to obtain excellent far-infrared radiation characteristics and heat retention.
It has been found that by using as one of the main components of the slag, more excellent far-infrared radiation characteristics and heat retention can be obtained. The present invention has been made based on such knowledge,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a far-infrared radiation material having excellent radiation characteristics and applicable to various uses.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the far-infrared radiating material of the present invention comprises SiO ₂ and CaO.
Containing Al ₂ O ₃ , MgO, FeO and Mn
It consists of slag containing O and the like. This slag desirably has heat retention.

[0010] The concrete slag according to the present invention is an iron-made slag, as shown in the following Table 1, which is composed of various components each having a composition range.

[0011]

[Table 1]

Although the composition range here varies, this is an overall range that is not limited to the factory where it is manufactured, and is a uniform composition range with almost no variation when viewed in factory units.

In Table 1, far infrared radiation characteristics were measured for cupola slag and blast furnace slag having relatively uniform composition ranges. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the emissivity was about 90% with respect to the black body. It has been found that its emission wavelength is such that a wavelength of 4 to 14 μm, which is said to be the most effective for animals and plants, is emitted in many cases. This emissivity is much larger than the conventional 70% or less, and it has been found that the slag constituting the far-infrared radiating material of the present invention has very excellent far-infrared radiation characteristics.
Here, FIG. 1 is a graph showing the emissivity characteristics of the cupolas slag, FIG. 2 is a graph showing the emissivity characteristics of the same slag, FIG. 3 is a graph showing the emissivity characteristics of the blast furnace slag, and FIG.
Is a radiation intensity characteristic graph of the slag.

Table 2 shows the measuring method of these far-infrared radiation characteristics.
The wavelength band of the far-infrared ray detected at this time is 4 to 25 μm, which is physiologically effective for animals and plants.
m.

[0015]

[Table 2]

Further, regarding the heat retention of the slag according to the present invention, generally, the slag is porous, and each slag of the present invention has many very small holes formed therein. The present inventors presume that the air held in these micropores contributes as a heat holding medium, thereby exhibiting heat holding properties. In addition to this, the crystal structure of the slag contributes, and the slag itself has a heat exchange characteristic of slowly radiating the absorbed thermal energy in the form of far-infrared rays for a relatively long time. It is also considered that, in combination with the generation of heat by itself, heat retention is obtained as a result.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, the cupola lug used in this embodiment will be described. This slag has a far-infrared emissivity of about 90% with respect to the black body, as described above with reference to FIGS. A brief description of a general method for producing the cupola slag is as follows. A fuel such as coke is burned in a cylindrical shaft furnace, that is, a lower portion of the cupola as a melting furnace used in the production of a casting. The combustion heat at this time dissolves the main raw material such as pig iron and steel scrap in the cupola and the auxiliary raw material such as limestone. The cupola slag according to the present invention can be obtained by appropriately separating the molten hot metal produced and the cupola slag as a by-product outside the cupola, and making the obtained cupolas slag into sand-like particles. Can be

The physical properties of the cupola slag are as follows. (Appearance) Grain size of about 0.5 mm to 4.0 mm,
Each grain has a capillary pore of 20 to 150 μm and is porous. (Water absorption) 6.9% (Bulk specific gravity) 0.8 to 1.2 (Total pores) 54.6 to 56.5% (Melting point) About 1200 ° C

==== Embodiment A: Application to Oxidizing Exothermic Agent ==== <Example 1> Oxidizing exothermic material mixed with slag is agitated to cause an oxidative exothermic reaction, and the temperature change over time is observed. Examined.
Specifically, 40 g of the oxidizing heat generating material, slag not mixed at all, 5% mixed, and 10%
Mixtures were prepared, and the temperature rise of each of these three types immediately after mixing was measured under the condition of direct exposure to the air at room temperature. The temperature immediately after the mixing was room temperature, and an infrared temperature image analyzer (“Thermoviewer” manufactured by JEOL Ltd.) was used for measuring the rise.

As a result of the measurement, as shown in FIG. 5, the temperature starts to decrease about 25 minutes after the start of each test, and a difference appears between the test results after 30 minutes. In other words, the slag mixed with 10% has the smallest temperature drop and exceeds + 20 ° C. even after 38 minutes. In the case of the mixture containing 5%, the temperature drop was the second smallest, and + 15 ° C. was maintained even after 38 minutes. The temperature of the unmixed sample of
After 10 minutes, it is below 10 ° C.

Therefore, it can be confirmed that the more the slag is mixed, the smaller the temperature drop of the oxidizing heat generating material is, the more the heat generating effect can be improved as the oxidizing heat generating material, and the slag of the present invention has excellent heat retention characteristics. .

<Example 2> In addition to Example 1, in order to confirm the heat retention characteristics of the slag over a long period of time, the aging of the oxidized heating material mixed with the slag after stirring was examined. Specifically, for 55 g of the oxidizing heat-producing material, a mixture in which slag was not mixed at all and a mixture in which 5% was mixed were prepared, and immediately after stirring these two types,
Each bag was filled into a bag having micropores throughout. At this time, the packing was sealed with a thermometer embedded in the center.

As a result of the measurement, as shown in FIG.
Until 10 minutes have passed, β with 5% mixing is better than α with no mixing
Has a lower temperature. At the end of the period after 510 minutes, β of 5% mixture has a smaller temperature decrease degree, and after 1140 minutes, non-mixed α is 39.1 ° C., whereas β is 42 ° C. Could be maintained.

Therefore, the oxidizing heat generating material mixed with the slag has a small temperature drop even after a long time has passed, and the slag of the present invention can have an excellent heat retention characteristic while being able to improve its thermal effect as an oxidizing heat generating material. It could be confirmed.

When the oxidizing heating material is used as a so-called portable warmer for warming a human body, the temperature at which β of 5% mixture rises more than α of no mixture until about 510 minutes after the start of temperature rise. , The occurrence of low-temperature burns can be prevented as much as possible. Further, after the end of about 510 minutes, β can suppress the temperature decrease lower than non-mixed α and maintain the increased temperature as much as possible, so that the time for giving a warm feeling can be extended. In addition, if the time for giving a warm feeling is the same as that in the case of non-mixing α, it is possible to reduce the amount of the oxidizing heat generating material itself in the mixed product.

Example 3 In the case where the oxidizing heating material using the slag according to the present invention was used as a portable warmer, the far-infrared radiation characteristics of the slag were confirmed by measuring the heat penetration into the human body. Specifically, 40% of the oxidizing heating material A was mixed with 10%, and the slag was not mixed at all B, and these two types were filled into bags having fine pores as a whole immediately after stirring. Immediately after elapse of about 20 minutes after the two types were brought into close contact with a predetermined portion of the back surface of the human body, the two types were peeled off, and the temperature of the body surface in close contact was measured. Infrared temperature image analyzer (“Thermoviewer” manufactured by JEOL Ltd.) for this measurement
Was used. These series of measurement operations were performed in a normal temperature environment.

As a result of the measurement, as shown in FIG. 7, the body surface temperature of the present invention A is clearly higher than that of the non-mixed B, and the present invention A maintains the higher temperature. . This is presumably because far-infrared rays penetrated into the human body greatly or deeply, and the temperature drop on the body surface was reduced.

Further, comparing the measurement results with the results of the heat retention characteristics of the first embodiment, the various rising temperature characteristics in the first embodiment are almost the same for the first 20 minutes as shown in FIG. That is, despite the fact that the temperature characteristics of the oxidizing exothermic agent itself in which the slag was mixed in each ratio are almost the same during the 20 minutes, the surface temperature of the human body receiving the far-infrared radiation is the same as that of the third embodiment. As shown in the measurement result, the mixture of slag has a large heat permeability. That is, it can be said that energy radiation by far-infrared rays with slag is large even when the heating temperature of the oxidation exothermic agent itself is the same. Therefore, it was confirmed that the slag of the present invention has excellent far-infrared radiation characteristics and is extremely useful as an additive to an oxidizing heat generating material.

==== Embodiment B: Application to Snow Melting Material =
=== First, a snow melting material was prepared by baking and coating natural sand or the like having a predetermined range of particle size with a resin. This snow-melting agent melts snow by releasing the absorbed heat of the sun and the atmosphere, has a high heat absorption rate, and has no adverse effects on the environment due to the scattering of wind or rain and the like. Are better.

The slag was not mixed at all with the snow melting agent, the slag was mixed at 10%, the slag was mixed at 20%,
Natural sand was prepared as a comparative example, and the effect of promoting snow melting was measured for these four types. Specifically, artificial snow was spread on a styrofoam case (30 cm × 50 cm × 15 cm) to a height of about 15 cm, and the above four types were sprayed at a rate of 70 g / m ^{2 on} the surface of the artificial snow. Non-sprayed ones were also prepared. These were placed in an outdoor glass room through which natural light passes, and the depth at which artificial snow was reduced was measured with respect to the elapsed days. At this time, as the environmental conditions in the glass room, the maximum temperature in the daytime was 0 to 3 ° C, and the temperature range in the nighttime was -1 to -5 ° C.

[0031]

[Table 3]

As shown in Table 3, as shown in Table 3, the two types of the present invention have already reduced the snow by about 1.5 times as much as the snow melting agent alone on the second day, and on the seventh day. As compared to the case of the snow melting agent alone, the snow reduction was 13 mm in the case of the mixture of 10% and 19 mm in the case of the mixture of 20%. On the 7th day, snow has been reduced to nearly three times for those that have not been sprayed or those that have just been sprayed with natural sand.

This is due to the far-infrared radiation of the slag, and it has been confirmed that the slag of the present invention has excellent far-infrared radiation characteristics while the snow reducing effect can be improved as an additive of the snow melting material.

==== Embodiment C: Application to a soil temperature raising material ==== The use of the slag of the present invention as a soil temperature raising material was verified. 50 pieces of slag in natural sand only and natural sand
%, And the effect of increasing the temperature of the soil was measured for these two types. More specifically, the two types are sprayed at a rate of 2 liters / m ^{2 on} a lawn surface in a turf cultivation area of a golf course, and 3 to 5 parts below the surface of the soil.
cm temperature was measured over time. The date and time of spraying was 12:00 pm on January 25, and the measurement date was the day of spraying and the next day.

[0035]

[Table 4]

As shown in Table 4, the measurement results of the present invention were different from those of natural sand alone by a difference of about 1 ° C. on the day of spraying and a maximum of 3.2 ° C. on the next day. The soil temperature could be raised.

This is due to the far-infrared radiation of the slag, and is extremely effective as a material for raising the temperature of the ground.
It was confirmed that the slag of the present invention has excellent far-infrared radiation characteristics.

==== Embodiment D: Application to Plant Growing Soil ==== The use of the slag of the present invention for plant growing soil was verified. As a verification method, the coverage of the soil surface and the number of leaves by plants growing on the soil mixed with slag were determined. Specifically, a mixture of 20% of slag and a mixture of 10% of slag with a mixture of 20% of peat moss and 80% of natural sand were prepared as products of the present invention. In addition, as a comparative example, no slag was added, and as a conventional example, 20% of zeolite was used.
A mixture was prepared. The same amount of fertilizer was mixed with each of these four types, and the mixture was filled in each pot having a capacity of 1 liter. Western grass turf bentgrass cores (1.5 cm in diameter) were planted in these four types of pots, and bentgrass growing at a cutting height of 1 cm for four months was continuously harvested. At the same time, those that protruded from the pot outer diameter were also cut off.

[0039]

[Table 5]

As a result of the measurement, as shown in Table 5, with respect to the coverage, the one obtained by mixing slag at 20% in the first month was the highest, followed by the conventional example, the slag mixed at 10%, and the comparative example. In particular, the mixture of 20% showed remarkable growth at an early stage of 1.68 times as compared with the comparative example. In the second month, slag mixed with 20% is the highest, then slag is 10%.
The order of the mixture, the conventional example, and the comparative example are in order. In particular, the mixture in which 20% is mixed reaches 1.97 times and almost double the comparative example, and overwhelming early growth was observed. 4
At the end of the month, the coverage was 8 in both the comparative example and the conventional example.
Both the slag 20% and the 10% mixed slag achieved a coverage of more than 90.0% while the slag was below 0%. In addition, the number of leaves at the fourth month was 388 in the comparative example and 499 in the conventional example, while the number of slag mixed with 20% and 10% slag exceeded 600 in both cases.

Therefore, the more the slag was mixed, the more excellent the coverage and the number of leaves could be obtained as compared with the comparative example and the conventional example. This is due to the far-infrared radiation of the slag, and it has been confirmed that the slag of the present invention has excellent far-infrared radiation characteristics and is extremely useful as an additive for plant growing soil.

==== Other Embodiments ==== By applying the slag of the present invention to the following applications, effects such as far-infrared radiation characteristics and heat retention can be provided.

1. Heating field-Lining to heating source of infrared heater.・ Mix with asphalt, floor soil and tile aggregate to prevent road surface freezing and melt snow. At this time, the effect is enhanced if the heating wire or the hot water pipe is buried inside the asphalt or the like.・ It is added to the materials such as pottery for cooking used when heating with heating wire.

2. Non-heated field ・ Mix or apply to aggregate such as toilet bowl, artificial marble, tile and block. -The material such as synthetic resin, paper, pulp, non-woven fabric, and fiber is processed into fine powders as appropriate.・ Mix or apply to inner and outer wall materials for houses.・ Mix with tile joint material and paint. -Heat absorption is enhanced by baking with resin or mixing with pigment to make it black, and it is sprayed on agricultural lands or road surfaces exposed to sunlight. The slag of the present invention can be applied to various uses as long as it can utilize the far-infrared radiation characteristics and the heat retention characteristics of the slag of the present invention in addition to those mentioned above.

==== Experimental Example: Rise Time to Boiling Temperature of Water ==== In order to confirm the far-infrared radiation characteristics of the slag, an experiment was performed on the reaching time of the boiling temperature of water. Specifically, a bag capable of transmitting far-infrared rays filled with 70 g of slag is prepared, placed on the bottom of the pot of the pot, and filled with 700 cc of water, so that the bag containing the slag is filled. I was immersed in the water to prevent exposure. As a comparative example, a pot of exactly the same form containing only the same amount of water was prepared. A water thermometer was placed in both pots, heated with a gas stove at a constant gas burning rate, and the temperature change was measured while timing. At this time, the temperature detection part of the water thermometer was covered so that the far infrared rays did not directly hit.

As a result of the measurement, as shown in FIG. 8, when the water temperature exceeded 85 ° C., the temperature rise of the present invention was faster than that of the comparative example. The boiling temperature is 98 ° C. in the case of the present invention, but it is about 440 seconds in the comparative example and about 420 seconds in the present invention before reaching this temperature, The time can be reduced by about 20 seconds. Such a result is considered to be due to the activation of water molecules by far-infrared radiation, and the activation of water molecules by the far-infrared radiation characteristics of the slag of the present invention shortens the time until the boiling temperature is reached. it can. Accordingly, the energy required for boiling can be reduced.

The boiling point of the present invention is 98 ° C., which is lower than that of the comparative example at 100 ° C.
This is because when thermal energy due to far-infrared rays is absorbed by water molecules, molecular vibrations increase, the contribution of intermolecular forces becomes relatively small, and the water molecules are easily separated, resulting in a molecular cluster (cluster). Becomes smaller (water activation). For this reason, it is considered that the phase change to gas molecules is likely to occur in combination with the large molecular vibration, and a phenomenon that the boiling point is lowered appears.

[0048]

The slag of the present invention has the following effects.・ Because it is a by-product produced in the course of the steelmaking process, which was originally quality controlled,
Its quality is also constant and does not vary. In addition, it is not necessary to prepare a new raw material as a far-infrared material, and it is not necessary to provide a dedicated manufacturing line.・ Since it is a by-product of the quality-controlled iron making process, it is a uniform material and does not cause cracks due to differences in the coefficient of thermal expansion of each material, compared to far-infrared radiation containing several other materials. It is stable as a substance. -It can be used under a wide range of environmental temperatures from low to high because the melting point is about 1200 ° C.・ Resources can be saved by recycling by-products of the iron making process as far-infrared radiation materials.・ It has excellent radiation characteristics such that the far-infrared emissivity is about 90% or more with respect to a black body, and a large wavelength band of 4 to 14 μm which is physiologically effective for animals and plants within that wavelength band. There are characteristics to be done. Therefore, various biological activity effects can be imparted to animals and plants including the human body, such as expansion of peripheral blood vessels due to the thermal effect. -Water can be activated by far-infrared radiation, and minerals useful for living things can be eluted. -In addition to extending the time during which far-infrared rays can be emitted due to heat retention, it can also be used as a heat insulator. The conventional far-infrared radiation material is relatively heavy when iron oxide having a large specific gravity is used as a main component, but the slag according to the present invention does not contain iron oxide as a main component, so that a relatively light weight can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing emissivity characteristics of a cupolas lug according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing radiation intensity characteristics of the cupola lug according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing emissivity characteristics of the blast furnace slag according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing radiation intensity characteristics of the blast furnace slag according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a temperature graph showing the heat retention characteristics of the oxidized heating material mixed with slag according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a temperature graph showing a long-term heat retention characteristic of the oxidized heating material mixed with slag according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the change over time of the body surface temperature due to the oxidizing heating material mixed with the slag according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing a change until water boils due to the slag according to the present invention.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method comprising: SiO ₂ and CaO as main components;
l ₂ O _3, MgO, far-infrared radiation material, characterized in that it consists of slag including FeO and MnO. 2. The far-infrared radiating material according to claim 1, wherein the slag has heat retention. 3. The far-infrared radiating material according to claim 1, wherein the slag is a cupola slag.