JPH10221879A - Developer and developing device using that - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a developer with which a good image can be formed without causing filming, splashing of a toner and image fog by specifying the shape of toner particles containing a positive electrification controlling agent, negative electrification agent, etc. SOLUTION: This developer contains toner particles in which at least two kinds of electrification controlling agents of a positive electrification controlling agent and a negative electrification controlling agent. The toner particles have 7 to 10μm 50% average diameter and 0.93 to 1.0 average circularity. Toner particles having <=0.93 circularity are included by 7 to 20% and the 10% average diameter in the distribution of particle size in accumulated number is 45 to 80% of the 50% average particle size. If the circularity is <0.93, the toner shows high aggregation degree to decrease the fluidity, which causes lack of the developing amt. of the toner on a photoreceptor and decreases the image density. Moreover, the cleaning property deteriorates and triboelectrification with the carrier is not enough to cause insufficient electrification. As a result, this causes filming of the toner on a drum, splashing of the toner in a copying machine and increase in image fog.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a developer used in an electrophotographic system and a developing device using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In electrophotographic devices and electrostatic recording devices,
Conventionally, for visualizing an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrostatic image holding member made of a photoreceptor or a dielectric, for example, a two-component developing method using a toner and a carrier and a carrier function are also provided. For example, a one-component developing method using a used toner is widely used.

In general, toner particles of a developer are disclosed in
As disclosed in JP-A-313404, a thermoplastic resin, a coloring agent, and other additives such as wax are melt-mixed,
After uniformly dispersing, the solidified product is pulverized and classified to obtain colored fine particles having a desired particle size.

[0004] In general, the toner used in such an electrophotographic development method must have comprehensive physical properties such as developability, durability, fixability, storage stability and environmental stability. Must have quality stability.

As a binder resin, for example, a polyester resin has an essentially good fixing property and is disclosed in US Pat.
As described in the specification of Japanese Patent No. 00, the toner is sufficiently fixed even in the non-contact fixing type.

However, a toner using a polyester resin may have poor fluidity as compared with a toner using a styrene-based binder resin, and may have a cohesive property so that the toner transportability in a developing device may be poor. In some cases, a visible image having poor image quality, such as poor image quality, poor developability, and uneven image formation and background stains was formed.

When a large amount of a fluidity improver such as hydrophobic silica fine powder is added to improve the fluidity of the toner, when the surface of the electrostatic image support is cleaned with a urethane rubber blade or the like, In some cases, toner particles are caught between the blade and the electrostatic image support, resulting in poor cleaning and smearing of the visible image. In an image forming apparatus having a recycling system for returning developed toner but not transferred to a developing device and reusing the toner, hydrophobic silica fine particles are embedded in the surface of the toner particles, and the fluidity of the toner is reduced. And a visible image with inferior image quality was sometimes formed.

Further, the polyester resin itself has an appropriate triboelectric charging property, so that it is possible to impart a charging ability to the toner without adding a charge control agent. However, since the entire resin is charged, the triboelectric charging property gradually increases. For example, as 50,000 or more copies are continuously made, the charge amount of the toner using the polyester resin changes, and the image density is reduced. In some cases, the visible image was adversely affected, such as thinning.

As methods for preventing such a phenomenon, Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 3-63065, 3-63066, and 3-6
3067, Tokuhei 3-63068, Tokuhei 3-6306
9, a method of adding a positively chargeable charge control agent in addition to a negatively chargeable charge control agent and adding it as a charge control agent is known. However, the 50% volume diameter of the toner is 1
In the case of a toner having a small particle diameter of 0 μm or less, particularly 9 μm or less, the degree of aggregation of the toner is increased and the fluidity is deteriorated. Further, the cleaning property is deteriorated, the frictional charge with the carrier is insufficient, and the rise of the charge is lowered and the charge is insufficient due to the addition of the positive charge control agent.
As a result, adverse effects such as drum filming of the toner, scattering into the copying machine, and an increase in image fogging may occur. For this reason, it is required that the developer comprehensively consider good developability, durability and the like.

[0010]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and improves the flowability of a developer and obtains a stable charging characteristic, so that the developing property and the cleaning property are good. , And good charge rising characteristics,
An object of the present invention is to obtain a developer capable of forming a good image without causing filming, toner scattering, and image fogging.

The present invention also provides filming, toner scattering, and image fogging by using a developer having improved fluidity and charging properties, excellent developing properties and cleaning properties, and good charge rising properties. It is an object of the present invention to provide a developing device capable of forming a good image without generating the image.

[0012]

The present invention firstly includes toner particles containing a binder resin, a colorant, a positive charge control agent, and a negative charge control agent, and has a 50% average diameter of the toner particles. Is 7 to 10 μm, and the average circularity is 0.93 to 1.
0, and the toner particles having a circularity of 0.93 or less
-20%, and the 10% average diameter of the cumulative number particle size distribution is 45-80% of the 50% average diameter.

The present invention secondly includes toner particles containing a binder resin substantially composed of a polyester resin, a coloring material, a positive charge control agent, and a negative charge control agent, and a 50% average of the toner particles. The diameter is 7 to 10 μm, the average circularity is 0.93 to 1.0, and toner particles having the circularity of 0.93 or less are 7 to 20%, and the cumulative number particle size distribution is 10 to 10%. % Average diameter is 45-80% of 50% average diameter
A developer is provided.

Third, the present invention includes toner particles containing a binder resin, a colorant, a positive charge control agent, and a negative charge control agent, and the toner particles have a 50% average diameter of 7 to 10 μm. The average circularity is 0.93 to 0.97, the toner particles having a circularity of 0.93 or less are 7 to 20%, and the 10% average diameter of the cumulative number particle size distribution is 50%.
%, Which is 45 to 80% of the average diameter.

Fourth, the present invention includes toner particles containing a binder resin substantially composed of a polyester resin, a coloring material, a positive charge control agent, and a negative charge control agent, and a 50% average of the toner particles. The diameter is 7 to 10 μm, the average circularity is 0.93 to 1.0, and the toner particles having the circularity of 0.93 or less are 7 to 20%, and 10% of the cumulative number particle size distribution. The average diameter is 50% to 45% of the average diameter, and the present invention for providing a developer which is characterized by being negatively charged is, fifthly, a binder resin, a coloring material, a positive charge control agent, And toner particles containing a negative charge control agent, the toner particles have a 50% average diameter of 7 to 10 μm, an average circularity of 0.93 to 1.0, and a circularity of 0.93 or less. Is 7 to 20%, and 10% of its cumulative number particle size distribution. The average diameter is 45 to 8 of the 50% average diameter.
A developer container that contains 0% developer, and a developer container that is provided to face the image carrier, is connected to the developer container, and carries the developer supplied from the developer container.
There is provided a developing device including: a developing unit that supplies a developer carried to the image carrier to perform development.

Sixth, the present invention includes a toner particle containing a binder resin substantially composed of a polyester resin, a coloring material, a positive charge control agent, and a negative charge control agent. The diameter is 7 to 10 μm, the average circularity is 0.93 to 1.0, and toner particles having the circularity of 0.93 or less are 7 to 20%, and the cumulative number particle size distribution is 10 to 10%. % Average diameter is 45-80% of 50% average diameter
A developer container that stores the developer, and a developer container that is provided to face the image carrier, is connected to the developer container, and carries the developer supplied from the developer container. Provided is a developing device including: developing means for supplying a developer carried to a body to perform development.

The present invention seventhly includes toner particles containing a binder resin, a colorant, a positive charge control agent, and a negative charge control agent, and the toner particles have a 50% average diameter of 7 to 10 μm. The average circularity is 0.93 to 0.97, the toner particles having a circularity of 0.93 or less are 7 to 20%, and the 10% average diameter of the cumulative number particle size distribution is 50%.
And a developer container that stores a developer having an average diameter of 45% to 80%, and is provided to face the image carrier, is connected to the developer container, and is supplied from the developer container. And a developing device for supplying the developer carried to the image carrier to perform development.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention is roughly classified into first to fourth inventions and fifth to seventh inventions. The first to fourth inventions provide a developer. The first invention provides a developer containing toner particles using at least two types of charge control agents, a positive charge control agent and a negative charge control agent.
The 50% average diameter of the toner particles is 7 to 10 μm, the average circularity is 0.93 to 1.0, and the circularity is 0.
The toner particles of 93 or less are 7 to 20%, and the 10% average diameter of the cumulative number particle size distribution is 4% of the 50% average diameter.
5 to 80%.

The second and third inventions each show a preferred embodiment of the first invention. According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the developer according to the first aspect, the binder resin is substantially limited to a polyester resin.

According to a third aspect, in the developer according to the first aspect, the toner particles have an average circularity of 0.93 to 0.97.
Is limited. Further, the fourth invention is the second invention.
An example in which the invention of (1) is further applied as a negatively chargeable developer is shown.

The fifth to seventh inventions provide a developing device. A fifth invention provides a developing device using the developer according to the first invention. The sixth and seventh inventions each show a preferable aspect of the fifth invention, and the sixth invention comprises:
A developing device using the developer according to the second invention is provided, and a seventh invention provides a developing device using the developer according to the third invention.

The developer of the present invention has good fluidity and exhibits stable tribocharging characteristics. Such a developer does not depend on the environment, has a good developing property and a good cleaning property, and has a good charge rising property, filming,
A high-quality image can be formed without toner scattering and image fogging. These characteristics are
It is preserved even in repeated development due to continuous use, and the quality of the copied image does not deteriorate.

In the present invention, the cumulative number particle size distribution and the resulting 10% average diameter and the 50% average diameter are the flow type particle diameter analyzer (FPIA-1) manufactured by Toa Medical Electronics Co., Ltd.
000).

The average circularity was also measured using this apparatus. Hereinafter, the measurement method will be described. First, an outline of a circularity measuring device used in the present invention is shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a main part of the measuring apparatus. As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus is provided with a sheath liquid supply source 7 used for measurement, a sheath liquid chamber 6 for temporarily storing the sheath liquid and sending out a predetermined amount, and a sheath liquid chamber 6 introduced from the sheath liquid chamber 6. A flat sheath throw cell 1 for introducing a sample from a supply source (not shown) together with the sheath liquid and forming a sample flow.
A waste liquid chamber 5 provided below the flat see-slow cell 1, a strobe 2 and an objective lens 3, and an objective lens 3, which are arranged on both sides of the center of the flat see-slow cell 1 and emit light at equal intervals. C provided behind
A CD camera 4 is provided.

In the measurement, a sample suspension in which toner particles are dispersed and suspended in an aqueous surfactant solution is used, and a predetermined amount is absorbed from a suction pipette (not shown). The absorbed sample suspension is led to the flat see-slow cell 1 through a sample filter (not shown). As shown in FIG. 2, in the flat sheath throw cell 1, a sheath liquid is introduced from a chamber, and a flat sample flow is formed by the sheath liquid. The sample suspension passes through the central portion of the flat see-slow cell 1 sandwiched between the sheath liquids.

As shown in FIG. 1, the sample suspension passing through the flat see-slow cell 1 is irradiated with light emitted at equal intervals from the strobe 2, and the toner particles in the sample suspension pass through the objective lens 3. The still image is captured by the CCD camera 4. The captured particle image is image-analyzed, and the equivalent circle diameter and circularity are calculated from the projected area and perimeter of the particle image, and the particle size distribution and circularity distribution are obtained.

Here, the ratio having a circularity of 0.93 or less means the number% of particles having a circularity of 0.93 or less. The circularity of the toner particles measured as described above is 0.93 to 0.9.
7 is preferred.

If the circularity is less than 0.93, the degree of cohesion of the toner is increased and the fluidity is deteriorated, so that the developing property, that is, the amount of development of the toner on the photosensitive member is insufficient, and the image density is reduced. Further, the cleaning property is deteriorated, the frictional charge with the carrier is insufficient, and the rise of the charge is lowered and the charge is insufficient due to the addition of the positive charge control agent. As a result, there is a tendency that toner filming in the drum, scattering into the copying machine, and image fogging increase.

The binder resin used is preferably a polyester resin. Since the developer of the present invention has a good fluidity, even when a polyester resin is used, the image quality such as aggregation of toner and deterioration of transportability due to the toner, deterioration of developability, image unevenness, and occurrence of background smear can be improved. Does not cause the problem of deterioration. Therefore, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a developer that effectively utilizes a polyester resin having good fixability can be obtained.

The polyester resin that can be used as a binder in the present invention can be a polyester resin known per se as a binder in a toner for dry electrophotography. For example, it is basically composed of a dicarboxylic acid component and a glycol component, and has a softening point of 50 to 160 ° C,
Particularly, in the range of 50 to 150 ° C, the hydroxyl value is 100 mg.
Polyester resins having a KOH / g or less and an acid value within a range of 100 mgKOH / g or less are included.

In order to improve the toner properties, such a polyester resin contains a part of a glycol component and / or a dicarboxylic acid component in the form of a trivalent or tetravalent alcohol (eg, sorbitol, hexatetrol, bapentaerythritol, glycerol, sucrose And / or trivalent or tetravalent carboxylic acids (eg, benzenetricarboxylic acid,
Cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid, naphthalenetricarboxylic acid, butanetricarboxylic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, etc.) to provide a partially three-dimensional cross-linked structure, or to introduce an epoxy group or urethane bond, It may be partially crosslinked or grafted.

Specific examples of positively chargeable charge control agents that can be used in the present invention include nigrosine dyes such as "Nigrosine Base EX", "Oil Black BS", "Oil Black SO", and "Bontron N-01". , "Bontron N-11" (all manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.), etc., a triphenylmethane dye containing a tertiary amine as a side chain,
Quaternary ammonium salt compounds such as "Bontron P-5
1 "(manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.), polyamine resins such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, for example," AFP-
B "(manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the like.

Specific examples of the negatively chargeable charge control agent include:
Metal-containing azo dyes such as "Varifast Black 38
04 "," Bontron S-31 "," Bontron S-3 "
2, Bontron S-34, Bontron S-3
6 (manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.), Eizen Spiron Black TRH (manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.), and other metal complexes of copper phthalocyanine dyes and alkyl derivatives of salicylic acid, such as Bontron E-82 and Bontron E-
84 "and" Bontron E-85 "(all manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.).

As the colorant that can be used in the present invention, carbon black, organic or inorganic pigments and dyes and the like are used. Although there are no special restrictions, carbon black includes acetylene black, furnace black, thermal black, channel black, Ketjen black, etc.
Examples of facial dyes include Fast Yellow G, Benzin Yellow, Indofast Orange, Irgazin Red, Carmin FB, and Permanent Bordeaux F
RR, Pigment Orange R, Risor Red 2G, Lake Red C, Rhodamine FB, Rhodamine B Lake,
Examples thereof include phthalocyanine blue, pigment blue, brilliant green B, phthalocyanine green, and quinacridone, and these can be used alone or in combination.

As a mixing and dispersing method, a wet dispersing method using a high-speed dissolver, a roll mill, a ball mill, or the like,
A melt kneading method using a roll, a pressure kneader, an internal mixer, a screw-type extruder, or the like can be used. As a mixing means, a ball mill, a V-type mixer, a Folberg, a Henschel mixer, or the like can be used. it can.

As means for coarsely pulverizing the mixture,
For example, hammer mill, cutter mill, jet mill,
A roller mill, a ball mill and the like can be used. Further, as means for finely pulverizing the coarsely pulverized product, a jet mill, a high-speed rotary pulverizer or the like can be used. Also,
As a means for classifying the finely pulverized material, an air flow classifier or the like can be used.

If necessary, the toner according to the present invention may contain waxes for improving the anti-offset characteristic, a charge controlling agent for controlling the amount of triboelectric charge, and the like. Examples of the charge control agent include negative polarity control agents such as metal chelates of alkyl salicylic acid, chlorinated polyesters, polyesters with excess acid groups, chlorinated polyolefins, metal salts of fatty acids, and fatty acid soaps.

As the external additive to the toner, silica-based fine particles, metal oxide fine particles, a cleaning aid and the like are used. As silica-based fine particles, silicon dioxide,
Examples include aluminum silicate, sodium silicate, potassium silicate, zinc silicate, magnesium silicate and the like. Examples of the metal oxide fine particles include zinc oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, strontium titanate, and barium titanate. Examples of the cleaning aid include fine resin powders such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polytetrafluoroethylene. These external additives may have been subjected to a surface treatment such as hydrophobicity.

As a means for mixing the external additive, a known mixing device can be used. For example, it is preferable to use a high-speed flow type mixing device. . Examples of the high-speed flow type mixing device include a Henschel mixer, a super mixer, and a micro speed mixer.

As a method for controlling the circularity of the toner particles, pulverization and classification, or after pulverization and classification,
Alternatively, it can be carried out by the following method after mixing the external additive. That is, a mechano-chemical method in which toner particles are injected into a high-speed airflow and granulated by actions such as friction, lubrication, melting, and melting, or toner particles are fed into a hot airflow and granulated by actions such as melting and melting. A method is illustrated. Examples of an apparatus for performing such a method include a hybridizer, a crypton, and a mechanofusion.

The circularity of the toner particles can also be controlled by using a polymerization method instead of producing toner particles by means such as pulverization and classification.
Examples of the polymerization method include an emulsion polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a dispersion polymerization method, and a solution polymerization method. These are subjected to the steps of dispersing, polymerizing, purifying, drying, classifying, and externally adding a monomer, a colorant, and other additives serving as a base of the binder resin,
This is to obtain toner particles.

Next, the developing device of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the developing device of the present invention. According to FIG. 3, the developing device 1
Reference numeral 4 is provided so as to face the photosensitive drum 10 rotatably arranged. The photosensitive drum 10 is rotated in the direction of arrow a by a main motor (not shown).

An electrostatic latent image corresponding to image information to be recorded is formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum 10 by a laser beam from a laser exposure device described later. Around the photosensitive drum 10, along the rotation direction (arrow a),
Charging device 1 for charging photoconductor drum 10 to a predetermined potential
2. A developing device 14 that develops the electrostatic latent image by supplying toner to the electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive drum 10 by a laser exposure device described later, and a developing device 14 formed on the photosensitive drum 10 by the developing device 14. A transfer device 16 for transferring a toner image onto a sheet and a cleaning device 1 for scraping off toner remaining on the surface of the photosensitive drum 10, that is, untransferred toner.
8. A charge removing device 19 for removing charges remaining on the surface of the photosensitive drum 10 is arranged in order. The static eliminator 19
Are integrally arranged on the housing of the cleaning device 18. Further, the cleaning device 18 has a drum holding portion that supports the photosensitive drum 10 when the photosensitive drum 10 is loaded into the image forming apparatus 1, and is also used as a drum holding member.

The charging device 12 includes a corona wire 12a and a grid screen 12b, is connected to a high voltage generating circuit and a grid bias voltage generating device (not shown), and charges the surface of the photosensitive drum 10 to a predetermined surface potential.

The developing device 14 holds the two-component developer D in which the toner T and the carrier C of the magnetic member are mixed at a predetermined ratio on the outer periphery, and holds only the negatively charged toner on the photosensitive member. It has a developing roller 14a that adheres to the electrostatic latent image formed on the drum 10. The two-component developer D and the developing roller 14a are housed in a housing 14b.

At both ends in the longitudinal direction of the developing roller 14a, the distance between the surface of the non-magnetic sleeve forming the outer peripheral surface of the developing roller 14a and the photosensitive layer on the surface of the photosensitive drum 10 is kept constant. Guide roller 14c is provided. Thus, the distance between the surface of the sleeve and the photosensitive layer of the photosensitive drum 10 is always kept constant.
The sleeve of the developing roller 14a has S
A magnet medium in which a plurality of pole and N pole fixed magnets are arranged at a predetermined angle is provided.

A predetermined developing bias voltage is applied to the developing roller 14a and the carrier C and the toner T, that is, the developer D in the developing device 14 via a developing bias voltage generating circuit (not shown).

When developing the electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum 10, the carrier C formed on the sleeve along the magnetic force lines generated from the main magnetic pole of the magnet medium of the developing roller 14a is developed. The toner adhering to the ears (spikes) by a mirror image force is formed by the potential of the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum 10 and the developing bias voltage in a developing region where the photosensitive drum 10 and the developing roller 14a face each other. The toner is moved by the electric field, and the electrostatic latent image is developed.

In the developing device of the present invention, the developer of the present invention is used as the toner T. As described above, this developer contains toner particles containing a binder resin, a colorant, a positive charge control agent, and a negative charge control agent, and the 50% average diameter of the toner particles is 7 to 10 μm. The toner particles having an average circularity of 0.93 to 1.0 and the circularity of 0.93 or less are 7 to 20%, and the 10% average diameter of the cumulative number particle size distribution is 50% average diameter. 45 to 80%.

The developer used has good fluidity and exhibits stable tribocharging characteristics. In addition, this developer has good developability and cleanability without depending on the environment, and has good charge rising characteristics. By using this developer, a high-quality image can be formed without causing filming, toner scattering, and image fogging. Such characteristics are preserved even in repeated development by continuous use, and the quality of a copied image does not deteriorate.

[0051]

The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to examples. The composition of the toner particles used in this example is shown below. In addition, all composition ratios shown in the examples are expressed in parts by weight. Composition A polyester resin 100 parts carbon black [MA-100] (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) 5 parts negative charge control agent [AIZEN SPIRON BLACK TRH] 2 parts (hodogaya chemical company) positive charge control agent [bontron] P-51] 0.8 part (manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) Composition B polyester resin 100 parts carbon black [MA-100] (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) 5 parts Negatively chargeable charge control agent [Bontron S-34] 2 parts ( Orient Chemical Co.) Positive charge control agent [Bontron P-01] 0.8 part (Orient Chemical Co.) Composition C polyester resin 100 parts Carbon black [MA-100] (Mitsubishi Chemical Co.) 5 parts Negative charge Charge control agent [Bontron E-84] 2 parts (Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) Positive charge control agent [Bontron P-11] 0.8 part ( Heating and melting and kneading the Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) Examples 1-4 Composition A, crushed after cooling, and classified, the obtained particles 100 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica (R-9
72: manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), to obtain toners of Examples 1 to 4.

The obtained toner was measured and evaluated as follows. Toner fluidity The evaluation was carried out using a powder tester, and the evaluation was made as follows: 場合 when less than 10% remained by 200 mesh sieve, and x when 10% or more remained.

Image Density Using a Toshiba copier Premage 3850, the initial image
The initial image density and the image density after the 100K life test were measured using a Macbeth densitometer for each of the images after passing 100,000 sheets. The evaluation is poor if less than 1.25,
1.25 or more to less than 1.35, slightly poor, 1.35 to
1.45 can be considered as good.

The evaluation was carried out by measuring the difference between the reflectance of a copy image and the reflectance of a white background portion of the untransferred paper. In the table, ○ indicates less than 0.5% and X indicates 0.5% or more.

The image quality and toner scattering were evaluated using a Toshiba copier Premage 3850. 100,000 copies were made using a chart which is A4 large and the area of the character portion occupies 6% of the whole area, and the toner scattering state in the evaluation machine was observed thereafter.

In the table, .largecircle. Indicates that there is no in-machine stain, .DELTA. Indicates that in-machine stain occurs but does not appear in the image, and x indicates that in-machine stain occurs and also appears in the image. Filming Characteristics The photoreceptor after copying 100,000 sheets was observed, and the evaluation was performed by calculating the filmed area.

The results obtained are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
Further, the particle size and circularity of the obtained toner were measured using the apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the cumulative particle size distribution, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the circularity distribution.

Example 5 Particles 1 obtained by feeding the particles obtained in Example 1 into a hot air stream of 350 ° C. and 25 mmAq were obtained.
The toner of Example 5 was obtained by mixing 0.5 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica (R-972: manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) with 00 parts by weight.

Example 6 Composition B was heated and melt-kneaded, cooled, pulverized and classified, and 100 parts by weight of the obtained particles were mixed with hydrophobic silica (R-9).
72: manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner of Example 6.

Example 7 Composition C was melt-kneaded by heating, cooled, pulverized and classified, and 100 parts by weight of the obtained particles were mixed with hydrophobic silica (R-9).
72: manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner of Example 7.

Comparative Examples 1-3 Composition A was melted and kneaded in the same manner as in the example, and pulverization and classification were performed. , Hydrophobic silica (R-9)
72: manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), to obtain toners of Comparative Examples 1 to 3.

[0062]

[Table 1]

[0063]

[Table 2]

As shown in Table 2, the toners according to Examples 1 to 6 have a ratio of 50% average diameter (A) and 10% average diameter (B) calculated by a particle size analyzer, where B / A = 45-80
%, The average circularity is 0.93 to 1.0, and the ratio of the circularity of 0.93 or less is 20% or less. A toner in such a range has developability, durability,
Excellent in fixability, image quality, etc., and exhibited overall excellent characteristics.

On the other hand, B / A is less than 40%,
Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in which the ratio of circularity of 0.93 or less exceeds 20%
It can be seen that the toner according to No. 3 is also inferior in characteristics.

[0066]

As described above, the developer of the present invention has improved fluidity, has stable charging properties, has good developing properties and cleaning properties, has good charge rising properties, A good image can be formed without causing filming, toner scattering, and image fogging.

Further, according to the developing device of the present invention, by using the above-mentioned developer, the fluidity of the developer is improved,
Since the charging characteristics are stable, the developing property and the cleaning property are good, and the rising property of the charging is good, a high quality image can be formed without occurrence of filming, toner scattering and image fogging.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a particle size meter used for measurement of particle size and circularity.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a main part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating an example of a developing device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing a particle size distribution and a cumulative particle size.

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a circle equivalent diameter and a circularity.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Flat seeslow cell 2 ... Strobe light 3 ... Objective lens 4 ... CCD camera 5 ... Waste liquid chamber 6 ... Sheath liquid chamber 7 ... Sheath liquid supply source 12 ... Charging device 12a ... Corona wire 12b ... Grid screen 14 ... Development device (Development) Means) 14a developing roller 14b housing 16 transfer device 17 peeling device 18 cleaning device 18a cleaning blade 18b auger 18c housing 56a transport roller

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A toner comprising toner particles containing a binder resin, a colorant, a positive charge control agent, and a negative charge control agent, wherein the 50% average diameter of the toner particles is 7 to 10 μm, and the average circularity is The toner particles having a circularity of 0.93 or less are 7 to 20%, and the 10% average diameter of the cumulative number particle size distribution is 45 to 80% of the 50% average diameter.
% Of the developer. 2. A toner comprising toner particles containing a binder resin, a colorant, a positive charge control agent, and a negative charge control agent substantially consisting of a polyester resin, wherein the toner particles have a 50% average diameter of 7 to 10 μm. The average circularity is 0.93-1.
0, and the toner particles having a circularity of 0.93 or less
-20% and the 10% average diameter of the cumulative number particle size distribution is 45-80% of the 50% average diameter. 3. A toner containing a binder resin, a coloring material, a positive charge control agent, and a negative charge control agent, wherein the toner particles have a 50% average diameter of 7 to 10 μm and an average circularity of about 50%. The toner particles having a circularity of 0.93 or less are 0.93 to 0.97, and the toner particles having a circularity of 0.93 or less are 7 to 20%, and the 10% average diameter of the cumulative number particle size distribution is 45 to 8% of the 50% average diameter.
0% of the developer. 4. A toner comprising toner particles containing a binder resin consisting essentially of a polyester resin, a colorant, a positive charge control agent and a negative charge control agent, wherein the toner particles have a 50% average diameter of 7 to 10 μm. The average circularity is 0.93-1.
0, and the toner particles having a circularity of 0.93 or less
-20%, and the 10% average diameter of the cumulative number particle size distribution is 45-80% of the 50% average diameter, and is negatively charged. 5. A toner particle containing a binder resin, a colorant, a positive charge control agent, and a negative charge control agent, wherein the toner particles have a 50% average diameter of 7 to 10 μm and an average circularity of 5%. The toner particles having a circularity of 0.93 or less are 7 to 20%, and the 10% average diameter of the cumulative number particle size distribution is 45 to 80% of the 50% average diameter.
%, And a developer container that stores the developer that is supplied from the developer container. The developer container is provided to face the image carrier, is connected to the developer container, and carries the developer supplied from the developer container. A developing unit that supplies a developer carried on the carrier to perform development. 6. A toner comprising toner particles containing a binder resin, a colorant, a positive charge control agent, and a negative charge control agent substantially consisting of a polyester resin, wherein the toner particles have a 50% average diameter of 7 to 10 μm. The average circularity is 0.93-1.
0, and the toner particles having a circularity of 0.93 or less
２０20%, and the 10% average diameter of the cumulative number particle size distribution is 45５〜80% of the 50% average diameter. A developing means connected to the developer container, for carrying the developer supplied from the developer container, and developing means for supplying the carried developer to the image carrier and performing development. apparatus. 7. A toner containing toner particles containing a binder resin, a colorant, a positive charge control agent, and a negative charge control agent. The toner particles have a 50% average diameter of 7 to 10 μm, and an average circularity of the toner particles is 7 to 10 μm. The toner particles having a circularity of 0.93 or less are 0.93 to 0.97, and the toner particles having a circularity of 0.93 or less are 7 to 20%, and the 10% average diameter of the cumulative number particle size distribution is 45 to 8% of the 50% average diameter.
A developer container containing 0% of a developer, provided opposite to the image carrier, connected to the developer container, and carrying the developer supplied from the developer container; And a developing unit for supplying a developer carried on the image carrier to perform development.