JPH10215683A - Paste for surface potential measurement of plant and electrode for surface potential measurement of plant by using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the paste for surface potential measurement which has low tacky adhesiveness, has an excellent heat insulating property and is useful for artificial cultivation, etc., of plants without the destruction of the osmotic structure of plant cells by compounding an electrolyte not contg. sodium with an aq. soln., etc., of a water-soluble polymer, etc. SOLUTION: This paste is prepd. by compounding the electrolyte, such as potassium tetraborate, not contg. the sodium with an aq. soln. and/or water dispersion of the water-soluble polymer and/or water dispersible polymer of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, etc. The measurement of the surface potential is preferably executed by bringing the paste 2 for the surface potential measurement into contact with the surface of a plant leaf 1 and installing and fixing a clip-like mounting part 5 on the other so as to face to an electrode 3 for potential detection housing the paste 2 for the surface potential measurement via the plant leaf.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to artificial cultivation of plants,
Alternatively, the present invention relates to a plant surface potential measurement electrode and a plant surface potential measurement paste used in a plant growth promotion / suppression device and a growth monitoring device in natural cultivation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In most hydroponic cultivation systems in the world, it is necessary to wait for the growth of fruits and the like in order to verify whether or not the environment setting conditions of plants are appropriate. Even from start to finish, you have to wait for a long time. In the case of hydroponic cultivation, in order to avoid failure to grow, and to obtain more effective data, the composition of the culture solution in which the fertilizer component is dissolved, the characteristic value provided by the ions of the fertilizer component dissolved in the liquid, For example, a method has been proposed in which the electric conductivity, the pH, and the like are measured and coupled to the growth of a plant in a feedback manner to determine a more desirable composition of a culture solution. However, control by measuring the composition of the culture solution is characteristic control before plant absorption,
Indirect for plant growth.

[0003] The growth of plants requires inorganic nutrients, and nutrients are absorbed by the roots absorbing inorganic ions. In the case of hydroponics, inorganic fertilizers are directly dissolved in water and ionized, so that the roots can be absorbed as they are. Essential elements for plant growth include nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S) as major components, and iron (Fe) as a minor component. ), Boron (B), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and molybdenum (Mo). These are called essential 12 elements. When fertilizer salts containing these components are dissolved in water, cations are ionized into anions,
Each is absorbed by plants. Therefore, the optimum fertilizer composition for the plant can be determined by directly measuring the fertilizer component absorbed by the plant and analyzing how much the fertilizer component is absorbed by the plant. In other words, by installing an electrode on the surface of the plant and performing potential measurement sequentially, and performing feedback control to supply the required substances of the plant in real time, it is possible to construct a system with less failure in growing, and without waiting for the growth of fruits etc. It will be possible to find the optimum value of the cultivation system.

[0004]

Attempts to measure the surface potential of a plant have been actively made in recent years. As a portion for measuring the potential of the plant, a stem portion of the plant (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-30 / 1990) has been proposed.
859, a plant stem potential sensing device) and leaves. However, a problem with an electrode paste that forms an electrode in close contact with a plant leaf has not been solved as an obstacle to measurement. Since the conventional electrode paste is a viscous liquid, if it is used as a paste for measuring the target potential, the paste adheres to and remains on the leaf surface even after the electrode is removed. In general, the paste loses fluidity and solidifies when moisture is scattered. If the remaining paste adheres and hardens, it damages the leaves, and is not suitable for long-term measurement.

[0005] Furthermore, the conventional method for measuring the electroencephalogram of the human body, which does not consider measuring the surface of a plant, is used. Since the paste contains sodium ions, the osmotic structure of the plant cell is destroyed. Has the undesirable effect of Therefore, the present inventors provide a paste for measuring the surface potential of a plant, which has low tackiness and does not contain sodium ions, for the purpose of not adversely affecting the plant.

[0006]

The present invention is characterized in that an aqueous solution and / or aqueous dispersion of a water-soluble polymer and / or a water-dispersible polymer is mixed with an electrolyte containing no sodium. For measuring the surface potential of a plant, comprising a paste for measuring the surface potential of a plant to be removed, and a clip-shaped attachment portion, wherein one of the clip-shaped attachment portions has a potential detection electrode, and a conductive wire connected to the potential detection electrode. In the electrode, the potential detection electrode is protected by a protection unit so that a part other than the potential detection unit is insulated from the outside air, and is formed by the potential detection unit of the potential detection electrode and a protection unit around the potential detection unit. A plant surface potential measurement electrode comprising the plant surface potential measurement paste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the dish-shaped recess covers the potential detection unit. The position measurement paste is brought into contact with the surface of the plant leaf, and the other clip-shaped mounting portion is fixed by installing and fixing the other clip-shaped mounting portion so as to face the potential detection electrode containing the surface potential measurement paste via the plant leaf. The present invention provides an electrode for measuring the surface potential of a plant, characterized by performing the following.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The water-soluble polymer or water-dispersible polymer used in the paste for measuring the surface potential of a plant according to the present invention comprises:
There is no particular limitation as long as it is a polymer material that can be dissolved or dispersed in water, but it is preferable to use polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl acetate alone or as a mixture. Further, polyvinyl alcohol has a saponification degree of 7
Those having a range of 0 to 90% and a degree of polymerization of 500 to 3500 are preferred. The mixing ratio of the water-soluble polymer or the water-dispersible polymer may be appropriately selected depending on the type of the polymer material used so as to form a paste having low tackiness and not remaining in the plant.

[0008] The electrolyte used in the paste for measuring the surface potential of the plant of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect the plant and does not contain sodium, but potassium tetraborate is preferred. Further, the electrolyte may be a hydrate. In the present invention, the electrolyte containing no sodium refers to an electrolyte that does not release sodium ions upon ionization. The mixing ratio of the electrolyte may be appropriately selected depending on the type of the electrolyte to be used so that the desired conductivity is obtained.

The plant surface potential measuring paste of the present invention may contain a water-absorbing polymer such as glycerin in order to absorb moisture in the outside air and improve the moisture retention of the paste. .

The method for producing a paste for measuring the surface potential of a plant according to the present invention is carried out by a conventional method, for example, using a water-soluble polymer and / or
Alternatively, an aqueous solution in which an electrolyte is dissolved may be mixed with an aqueous solution and / or aqueous dispersion of a water-dispersible polymer, and mixed and dispersed using a stirrer or the like. The water-absorbing polymer may be simultaneously or sequentially compounded and mixed with the aqueous solution in which the electrolyte is dissolved, or may be added to the aqueous solution in which the electrolyte is dissolved.

[0011] The plant surface potential measuring paste of the present invention may contain additives such as preservatives, stabilizers, and dispersants.

By using the paste for measuring the surface potential of a plant of the present invention for an electrode portion of a device for measuring the surface potential of a plant, the surface potential of a plant leaf can be measured. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the electrode for measuring the surface potential of a plant of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an open state of the electrode for measuring the surface potential of the plant of the present invention before containing the paste for measuring the surface potential. FIG. That is, the electrode 8 for measuring the surface potential of the plant of the present invention includes the clip-shaped mounting portion 5, the potential detecting electrode 3 on one of the clip-shaped mounting portions 5 a, and the conductive material connected to the potential detecting electrode 3. The potential detection electrode 3 has a line 6, and the portion other than the potential detection portion 9 is protected by a protection portion 7 so as to be insulated from the outside air, and the potential detection portion 9 of the potential detection electrode 3 and The dish-shaped concave portion 4 formed by the surrounding protection portion 7 is configured to house the plant surface potential measurement paste 2 of the present invention so as to cover the potential detection portion 9. The electrode 8 for measuring the surface potential of a plant according to the present invention makes the paste 2 for measuring the surface potential come into contact with the surface of the leaf 1 of the plant, and the other clip-shaped mounting portion 5 b is attached to the paste 2 for measuring the surface potential via the leaf 1. The measurement can be performed by installing and fixing the electrode 3 so as to face the potential detection electrode 3 in which is accommodated. The potential detection electrode 3 is insulated by the protection part so as not to be affected by the outside air, but the conductive wire 6 also needs to be insulated. As the potential detecting electrode 3, for example, Ag-Ag
Cl electrode and the like. The electrode 8 for measuring the surface potential of the plant according to the present invention is provided with the paste 2 for measuring the surface potential on the dish-shaped recess 4.
Is contained and the paste 2 is shielded from the outside air by the leaf surface and the potential detecting unit 9 and the protecting unit 7, so that evaporation of water in the paste 2 is suppressed, and the surface potential can be measured without solidifying for a long time. It can be carried out. In measuring the potential of a plant such as a plant leaf, a reference electrode for measuring the potential difference is required. For example, in the case of hydroponics, the installation is performed as shown in FIG. That is, the electrode 8 for measuring the surface potential of the plant of the present invention is installed on the leaf of the plant, and the conductive wire 6 is connected to the potential difference detecting circuit 12, while the reference electrode 13 such as a needle electrode is used for cultivating the plant to be measured. Pot 1
It is set in the culture solution 10 filled with 1. Also, a clip-shaped mounting portion 5a to which the potential detecting electrode 3 is mounted
In the same manner as the potential detection electrode 3, a portion except for a portion in contact with a plant leaf is provided with a comparative electrode and a conductive wire which are protected by a protection portion and are insulated from the outside air at the clip-shaped mounting portion 5 b facing the conductive wire. May be connected to the potential difference detection circuit 12.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Test Examples and Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Test examples (1) Materials used (a) Polymer material Polyvinyl alcohol (Kuraray Co., Ltd. Kuraray Poval 417) Degree of saponification 80% Degree of polymerization 1700 (b) Electrolyte Potassium tetraborate tetrahydrate (c) Solvent water

(2) Test Method Test Example 1 The resistance values of the surface potential measuring pastes of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were measured. Test Example 2 Pumpkin (Takii seedling, Hayato) grown by hydroponic cultivation up to the 18th leaf using the electrode for surface potential measurement of Example 2.
The potential change was measured using the 10th leaf as a measurement target.
One clip-shaped attachment portion was set so that the surface potential measurement electrode of Example 2 was brought into contact with the surface potential measurement paste on the surface of the plant leaf (position α in FIG. 4), and the other clip-shaped attachment portion was attached to the plant. It is installed and fixed so as to face each other via a leaf, and as shown in FIG. 5, the conductive wire of the surface potential measuring electrode is connected to a potential difference detecting circuit. On the other hand, a needle electrode serving as a reference electrode with respect to the potential measurement electrode of Example 2 was placed in a culture solution filled in a hydroponic cultivation pot as shown in FIG. It was connected to a potential difference detection circuit, and the change in the surface potential of the pumpkin leaf was measured for about 24 hours, which was used as a test example. The electrode for measuring the surface potential of Comparative Example 2 was attached to the surface of the plant leaf (position β in FIG. 4) as in the test example, and the change in the surface potential of the pumpkin leaf was measured for about 24 hours using the same reference electrode. This is a comparative example. At any point in the culture, the same potential is considered, and therefore the two reference electrodes are considered to be at the same potential. At this time, the paste for measuring the surface potential contained in the dish-shaped recess is in close contact with the upper surface of the pumpkin leaf and is also in complete contact with the surface of the potential detection electrode.

(3) Test Results Test Example 1 Table 1 shows the measurement results of the resistance values.

[Table 1] Resistance value of paste for surface potential measurement From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the paste for measuring the surface potential of the plant of the present invention has better conductivity than the conventional paste.

Test Example 2 FIG. 3 shows the results of the standard measurement test. FIG. 3 shows an electrode (test example) for measuring the surface potential of a plant using the paste for measuring the surface potential of a plant of the present invention and an electrode for measuring a surface potential using a conventional paste for measuring the surface potential of a plant (test example). Using each of Comparative Examples, the surface potential of pumpkin leaves was about 2
It is a comparative figure of the surface potential change measured for 4 hours. In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents voltage change. Changes in the potential of the leaf surface measured via the electrodes are recorded. The upper figure shows a test example, and the lower figure shows a comparative example. From FIG. 3, it can be seen that the change in the potential is smoothed in about 12 hours in the comparative example, although the change in the surface potential of the same leaf is measured in the test example and the comparative example. That is, in the conventional surface potential measurement paste, it is considered that the cells of the pumpkin leaf to be measured are damaged by sodium ions contained in the paste, and the cells of the measurement section are not active. On the other hand, in the test example, the potential change was detected even after 24 hours. Therefore, the paste for measuring the surface potential of the plant of the present invention hardly damages the leaves of the plant, and the paste was detached and measured. It can be seen that the measurement can be performed for a long time at the same place or a plurality of times at the same place, which is impossible with the conventional paste.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example 1 As a polymer material, polyvinyl alcohol (Kuraray Co., Ltd.)
417, saponification degree 80%, polymerization degree 1700)
About 10 ml of a 6% aqueous solution of the above and about 6.5 ml of water are mixed, and while stirring, about 3.5 ml of an aqueous solution in which the electric conductivity (EC) of potassium tetraborate tetrahydrate is adjusted to about 56 mS / cm. Is added. Mixing and stirring were continued until a paste was obtained, thereby producing a paste for measuring the surface potential of a plant.

Example 2 FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of an electrode for measuring surface potential of a plant according to the present invention in an open state before containing a paste for measuring surface potential. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a clip-shaped mounting portion 5 is provided, and one of the clip-shaped mounting portions 5 is provided with an Ag-AgC
The surface potential measurement paste of the plant of Example 1 is placed in the dish-shaped recess 4 formed by the potential detection portion 9 of the potential detection electrode 3 and the surrounding protection portion 7 of the surface potential measurement electrode having the l electrode. To form an electrode for measuring the surface potential of the plant.

Comparative Example 1 Paste for EEG measurement (ELEFIX manufactured by Nihon Kohden Corporation)

Comparative Example 2 The same electrode as in Example 2 was prepared using the paste of Comparative Example 1 as a conventional paste for measuring surface potential instead of the paste for measuring surface potential of a plant of Example 1.

[0021]

The paste for measuring the surface potential of a plant according to the present invention differs from the conventional paste in that the paste adheres to the leaf surface when the paste is removed from the plant leaf after the measurement.
Does not remain. Therefore, multiple measurements can be made at the same location without damaging the plant leaves. Further, since the paste for measuring the surface potential of the plant of the present invention does not contain sodium ions that damage plant leaves and the like, the osmotic structure of the plant cell is destroyed even in a long-time or repeated potential measurement. Such a trouble does not occur, and by replacing the paste, the same portion can be measured for a long time or a plurality of times. Furthermore, if a water-absorbing polymer is contained, moisture in the outside air is absorbed, moisture retention is improved, and drying becomes difficult.

In the electrode for measuring the surface potential of a plant according to the present invention, the paste for measuring the surface potential of the plant of the present invention is contained in a dish-shaped recess formed by the potential detecting portion of the potential detecting electrode and a protective portion around the potential detecting portion. When the electrode is removed from the plant leaf after the measurement, the paste does not adhere or remain on the leaf surface, does not damage the plant leaf, and performs multiple measurements at the same location. Is possible. In addition, since the paste does not contain sodium ions that damage plant leaves, it does not cause obstacles such as destroying the osmotic structure of plant cells even during long-time or repeated potential measurement, By replacing the paste, the same portion can be measured for a long time or a plurality of times. Further, by shielding the paste from the outside air by the leaf surface and the potential detection unit and the protection unit, evaporation of the water in the paste is suppressed, and the surface potential can be measured without solidifying for a long time.

Therefore, the paste for measuring the surface potential of the plant of the present invention and / or the electrode for measuring the surface potential of the plant of the present invention is used as a sensor section of the fertilizer composition control device, and the required substance of the plant is fed back to be used in real time. By supplying, in the process of developing the optimum fertilizer composition, it becomes possible to control the growth of each plant and determine the optimum fertilizer composition in a short period of time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a plant surface potential measuring electrode of the present invention, in a state where the electrode is fixed to a plant leaf.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an open state of a plant surface potential measurement electrode of the present invention before accommodating a surface potential measurement paste.

FIG. 3 (a) is a diagram showing a surface potential change obtained by measuring the surface potential of a pumpkin leaf using the plant surface potential measurement electrode of the present invention. (B) It is a figure which shows the surface potential change which measured the surface potential of the pumpkin leaf using the electrode for surface potential measurement using the conventional paste for surface potential measurement.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing positions where electrodes for measuring a surface potential using a paste for measuring a surface potential of a plant of the present invention or a conventional paste for measuring a surface potential are respectively installed.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state where an electrode for measuring a surface potential of a plant of the present invention or an electrode for measuring a surface potential using a conventional paste for measuring a surface potential is installed.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plant leaf 2 Paste for measuring the surface potential of a plant 3 Potential detection electrode 4 Dish-shaped recess 5 Clip-shaped attaching part 6 Conductive wire 7 Protective part 8 Electrode for measuring the surface potential of a plant 8 'Paste for measuring the surface potential of a plant Electrode for measuring surface potential used 9 Potential detecting unit 10 Culture solution 11 Pot for hydroponics 12 Potential difference detection circuit 13 Reference electrode α Measurement site by electrode for measuring surface potential of plant of the present invention β Paste for measuring conventional surface potential Measurement location using the surface potential measurement electrode used

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Kimio Hirasawa 1-7-131 Nishinomiyahara, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka-shi Inside Izumi Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Katsuyuki Machiya 1-7-131 Nishimiyahara, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka Izumi Electric Inside the corporation

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A paste for measuring the surface potential of a plant, comprising an aqueous solution and / or an aqueous dispersion of a water-soluble polymer and / or a water-dispersible polymer mixed with an electrolyte containing no sodium. . 2. The paste for measuring the surface potential of a plant according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble polymer and / or the water-dispersible polymer is polyvinyl alcohol and / or polyvinyl acetate. 3. The paste for measuring a surface potential of a plant according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is potassium tetraborate. 4. An electrode for measuring a surface potential of a plant, comprising a clip-shaped mounting portion, one of said clip-shaped mounting portions having a potential detecting electrode and a conductive wire connected to said potential detecting electrode. The detection electrode is protected by a protection portion so that a portion excluding the potential detection portion is insulated from the outside air, and a dish-shaped recess formed by the potential detection portion of the potential detection electrode and a protection portion around the potential detection portion. 4. An electrode for measuring the surface potential of a plant, comprising the paste for measuring the surface potential of a plant according to claim 1 so as to cover the potential detecting portion, wherein the paste for measuring the surface potential of the plant is applied to the surface of a plant leaf. And the other clip-shaped mounting portion is placed and fixed so as to face the potential detection electrode containing the surface potential measurement paste through the plant leaf and fixed. Surface potential measuring electrode of the plants.