JPH10202230A - Garbage treating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prolong the life of base materials and to prevent the generation of malodors by activating a heat insulating heater at the heat generating temp. higher than an environment temp. only in the period during the specific time from the time a user charges crude refuse into a treating vessel when the fermentation temp. of the base material is low and the moisture evaporation is little. SOLUTION: The temp. of the base materials 23, such as sawdust and chaff, rises gradually by spending 3 to 5 hours after charging of the crude refuse, attains the max. temp. in 6 to 9 hours and gradually falls again with the garbage treating machine which puts the base materials 23 and aerobic bacteria into the crude refuse treating vessel 3 having agitating vanes 4 and a ventilator 15 and executes the decomposition treatment of the crude refuse by the effect of the aerobic bacteria. The surface cord heater 6 of the treating vessel 3 is so controlled as to act at the heat generating temp. higher than the environment temp. by an outdoor temp. sensor 19 in the period during the time of 3 to 5 hours after the charging of the crude refuse when the fermentation temp. of the base materials 23 is low and the moisture evaporation is little in synchronization with the rhythm. As a result, the evaporation of the moisture is accelerated and the activation of the bacteria is expedited.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage processing machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A technique for decomposing kitchen garbage (hereinafter referred to as garbage) by using aerobic bacteria to reduce the weight is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-4-4084.

[0003] In this garbage disposal machine, a substrate (microorganism implantation agent) and aerobic bacteria are put into a treatment tank having a stirring blade and a ventilator, and crushed garbage is put into this through a crusher. In addition, the structure is such that the base material and the garbage are stirred.

[0004]

However, in the conventional garbage disposers utilizing the aerobic bacteria, including the above-mentioned known examples, the adjustment of the moisture content of the substrate depends on the water absorption of the substrate and the fermentation heat. Relied on the evaporation effect of water. For this reason, if the amount of raw garbage that is thrown in exceeds the moisture adjustment capacity of the base material, such as watermelon or watermelon that has a large amount of water, such as watermelon or melon, the moisture percentage of the base material will decrease. The aerobic bacteria required for aerobic bacteria are poorly ventilated due to a sudden increase in humid conditions, and the function of anaerobic bacteria becomes stronger. There is a disadvantage that the required "life of the base material" is quickly reached.

[0005] Even in a normal garbage treatment state, if the decomposition treatment is continued, the base material is worn by stirring and gradually becomes finer and the grain shape becomes rounder, so that voids between the particles are reduced. In addition, the decomposition products of minute garbage are clogged in the above-mentioned voids, so that the amount of voids in the base material, that is, the amount of air is greatly reduced, and the ventilation is also poor. Therefore, the environment becomes unsuitable for propagation of aerobic bacteria, fermentation activity is reduced, and the temperature of the base material does not rise. On the other hand, since the water absorption of the base material also reaches the equilibrium water absorption, the water content of the base material is increased, and the base material becomes sticky and humid, and forms a lump. Therefore, the action of anaerobic bacteria becomes stronger,
A rotten smell appears, and untreated residues of garbage increase, resulting in an unpleasant state, making it unusable practically.

In addition, when the moisture content of the base material increases and the base material becomes wet and greasy, the rotational torque of the stirring blade for stirring the base material becomes extremely large. For this reason, stirring becomes impossible, locking occurs, and the motor for driving the stirring blades and the transmission system are forced, and the frequency of failures increases relatively early.

For this reason, it is necessary to take out the unusable old base material and replace it with a new base material. If the "substrate life" when the substrate becomes practically unusable is short, the replacement of the substrate is troublesome and time-consuming, and the cost of a new substrate for replacement is high. Is also not preferred.

As a countermeasure against this, conventionally, measures have been taken to increase the amount of the base material itself to increase the water adjusting ability. As a result, the required "base material volume" for 1 kg of "rated processing capacity", which indicates the amount of garbage that can be processed even every day, is as much as 25 liters, which is a major factor that hinders downsizing and cost reduction of equipment. Had become.

As another countermeasure, a method of promoting water evaporation by heating the base material with a warming heater has been adopted. However, since the base material is heated for a long time regardless of the temperature cycle of the base material caused by the activity of bacteria. , Power consumption is large, running costs are high, and the fermentation heat is high,
There were drawbacks such as the base material temperature becoming too high and odor coming out.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a garbage disposer capable of prolonging the life of a base material and preventing generation of offensive odor.

[0011]

The object of the present invention is to put a base material and aerobic bacteria into a garbage processing tank having a stirring blade and a ventilation device, throw in garbage, and separate the base material and the garbage. In the garbage processing machine to be agitated, a warming heater having a configuration in which a planar heater is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the garbage processing tank and an outside air temperature sensor for measuring the environmental temperature of the equipment are provided. Achieved by operating the heat retention heater at an exothermic temperature higher than the environmental temperature only during the period when the fermentation temperature of the base material is low and water evaporation is small during the period of 3 to 5 hours after the garbage is thrown, thereby promoting the evaporation of water. can do.

[0012] The temperature of the substrate in the treatment tank changes according to the life rhythm of bacteria. Depending on the type of garbage and the environmental temperature, the temperature gradually increases over a period of 3 to 5 hours very slowly starting from the nutrient source (feed) that is the energy source of the activity, that is, when the garbage is given. Then, the temperature rises sharply from the third to fifth hours, reaches the maximum temperature in the sixth to ninth hours, and gradually decreases again. According to this rhythm, a sheet heater is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the treatment tank only during the period when the fermentation temperature of the base material is low and the water evaporation is small during 3 to 5 hours from the time when the user puts the garbage. Achieved by controlling the heat retention heater with the external air temperature sensor that measures the environmental temperature and operating at a heat generation temperature higher than the environmental temperature to promote the evaporation of moisture and accelerate the activation of bacteria. be able to.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an entire configuration of a kitchen garbage disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a cross section of the configuration of the planar cord heater.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a garbage processing apparatus 1 includes a housing 2 in which a garbage processing tank 3 is disposed, and a rotating shaft horizontally mounted at the center of the garbage processing tank 3. 5, an agitating blade 4 provided in the garbage processing unit 5, a planar cord heater 6 attached to an outer peripheral portion of the garbage disposal tank 3, an outside air temperature sensor 29 for measuring an environmental temperature for determining a heating temperature of the planar cord heater 6, And a control device 7 for controlling these operations
It is basically composed of

The garbage disposal tank 3 is formed in a flat cylindrical shape, and the rotating shaft 5 is supported by a pair of bearings 8 at the center thereof. One end of the rotating shaft 5 protrudes from the garbage disposal tank 3 as shown in FIG.
Are mounted so as to rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 5, and the rotating shaft 5
In the portion located in the garbage processing tank 3, three stirring blades 4 are provided upright at equal angles in the circumferential direction and at equal intervals in the axial direction.

A belt 12 is stretched between the driven pulley 9 and a driving pulley 11 which is mounted on a rotating shaft of a motor 10 fixed to the bottom of the housing 2, so that the power of the motor 10 is supplied. The power can be transmitted to the rotating shaft 5. Note that sprockets and chains can be used instead of the pulleys 9 and 10 and the belt 40.

On both sides of the upper part of the housing 2, as shown in FIG. 2, an intake port 13 having filters 13 a and 14 a and an exhaust port 1 are provided.
4 are provided, and a ventilation fan 15 is provided at the exhaust port 14. The fan 15 is driven by a motor (not shown) to supply fresh air from the intake port 13 to the processing tank 3.
The gas in the processing tank 3, for example, a gas containing carbon dioxide gas or a odor accompanying fermentation, is discharged from the housing 2 through the exhaust port 14.

A food waste inlet 16 communicating with the upper part of the processing tank 3 is opened at the upper end surface of the housing 2, and the inlet 16 is double-covered by an inner lid 17 and an outer lid 18. You.
Note that the inner lid 17 and the outer lid 18 are used to secure the tightness of the lid.
Are provided with packings for sealing between respective receiving surfaces. Further, a control device 7 for performing various operation controls is provided in a portion corresponding to the back surface of the insertion port 16.

At the bottom of the processing tank 3, an outlet 19 for taking out the contents is provided. The discharge port 19 is normally shielded by a pull-out type shutter 21 having a handle 20. When the user puts his hand on the handle 20 and pulls out the shutter 21, the contents of the processing tank 3 are discharged from the discharge port 19 to the discharge path 22. Since it falls down, it is
Can be taken out of the

A substrate 23 is contained in the garbage disposal tank 3. The base material 23 is mainly composed of a material having poor biodegradability such as lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, etc.
Concretely, sawdust, rice husk, rice straw, etc. are cut, and each grain is porous and has voids, and the grain shape is complicated, uneven, and It is as if a large gap is formed between them.

A door switch 77 (not shown) is interlocked with the outer lid 18. When the outer lid 18 is opened to a predetermined angle, the door switch is opened, and the controller 7 operates the rotary shaft 5 in accordance with the door switch. The stirring blade 4 is configured to be stopped by turning off the power supply. The processing tub 3 is made of a polypropylene resin (hereinafter referred to as PP) widely used in a washing tub of a washing machine.
The sheet cord heater 6 is adhered to the outer peripheral surface over a wide area, and the sheet cord heater 6 is further covered with heat insulating foam sheets 24 and 24a. As shown in FIG. 4, the planar cord heater 6 applies a heating wire 25 wound in a thin coil shape to the cord 2 of Tetron.
6 is helically wound around its outer periphery, coated with an insulating film 27 and formed into a cord, and adhered so as to be laid on an aluminum sheet 28. The heating temperature is monitored by a thermistor (not shown), and the heating temperature can be kept at a predetermined set value by a temperature control mechanism.

The processing tank 3 contains the base material 23 made of sawdust or the like having poor heat conductivity, but can be uniformly heated by sticking the planar cord heater 6 over a wide area. It has become. Reference numeral 29 denotes an outside air temperature sensor for measuring the environmental temperature of the device.

The electric components such as the sheet code heater 6, the outside air temperature sensor 29, the door switch 77, the rotating shaft 5, and the motor for driving the ventilation fan 10 are controlled by a microcomputer in the control device 7 as described later. The ON / OFF operation timing and the operation continuation time are controlled.

In the garbage processing apparatus 1 configured as described above, the moisture content of the substrate 23 in the processing tank 3 is set to 40 to 50%.
The aerobic bacteria are charged and agitated to create a hotbed for aerobic bacteria to propagate. After that, it is only necessary to open and close the lid every day and throw garbage into the processing tank 3. In the processing tank 3, stirring and ventilation are automatically and alternately repeated at predetermined time intervals by the control device 7.

As a result, the garbage is crushed by being stirred with the substrate 23, and is rubbed and worn by the jagged particles of the substrate 23, and aerobic bacteria adhere to the surface thereof,
Aerobic bacteria feed on garbage and reproduce.

The garbage is fermented and decomposed into pieces, and most of the garbage is emitted as steam and carbon dioxide. In addition, low-molecular-weight decomposition products that become plant nutrients, that is, compost as solids, are left in the garbage disposal tank 3. The generated gas includes a small amount of gas such as ammonia and trimethylamine which causes a bad smell. These water vapor, carbon dioxide gas and other gases are discharged from the processing tank 3 to the outside of the apparatus by the fan 15 at the stage of ventilation. This operation is intermittently continued by automatic operation.

Although the processing of such garbage may take some time depending on the conditions of use, if it lasts 2 to 6 months,
It is unsuitable for propagation of aerobic bacteria due to a decrease in porosity, a decrease in air permeability and an increase in moisture content due to abrasion and pulverization of the base material 23, water absorption swelling, accumulation of decomposition products of garbage, and the like. And the fermentation decomposition activity is slowed down, the temperature of the base material is lowered, and the evaporation of water becomes worse. Then, the base material 23 becomes viscous, becomes sticky and jigged and wet, and a ragged mass is generated. In such a state, the action of the anaerobic bacteria gradually becomes stronger in the base material 23, and putrefaction odors are generated, and undecomposed garbage residues are increased. Becomes unusable.
This is the life of the substrate, and needs to be replaced with a new substrate 23. Since the replacement of the base material 23 is troublesome and time-consuming, and the cost of the replacement base material 23 is high, it is an important technical issue to extend the life of the base material as much as possible.

As a countermeasure against this, conventionally, measures have been taken to increase the amount of the base material so as to increase the water adjusting ability.
For this reason, the garbage disposal tank 3 becomes large, which is a major factor that hinders downsizing and cost reduction of equipment.

As another countermeasure, there is a method of heating the base material with a warming heater to promote moisture evaporation. However, since the warming heater is operated for a long time, power consumption is large, running costs are increased, and the fermentation temperature is reduced. If the temperature is high, the temperature of the base material may become too high and smell may occur.Therefore, it is necessary to automatically operate the heat retention heater while monitoring the base material temperature using a base material temperature measurement sensor or the like, which hinders cost reduction. There were drawbacks.

On the other hand, in the present invention, the problem of prolonging the life of the base material is solved by a planar cord heater 6 having a configuration in which a planar heater is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the garbage disposal tank 3.
And an outside air temperature sensor 29 for measuring the environmental temperature of the equipment, and paying attention to the fact that the temperature of the base material 23 in the processing tank 3 changes according to the rhythm of bacteria, without disturbing this. The problem is solved by operating the planar cord heater 6 so as to be higher than the outside air temperature only while the temperature is low.

That is, the temperature of the base material 23 is slightly different depending on the kind of garbage and the environmental temperature, but very slowly starting from a nutrient source serving as an energy source of bacterial activity, that is, garbage. The temperature is gradually increased over 3 to 5 hours, the temperature is sharply increased from the 3rd to 5th hours, reaches the maximum temperature in 6 to 9 hours, and is gradually decreased again. In accordance with this rhythm, the surface code heater 6 of the processing tank 3 is set for a period of 3 to 5 hours from the time when the user puts the garbage, in a period where the fermentation temperature of the base material is low and the water evaporation is small. By operating at an exothermic temperature higher than the ambient temperature based on the ambient temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 19, the evaporation of water is promoted and the activation of bacteria is accelerated.

Thus, the life of the base material can be made longer than before with the base material amount which is about half of the conventional base material amount. In addition, since the operation time of the sheet code heater 6 is short, power consumption is small, and the operation control of the sheet code heater 6 can be performed by time control by the microcomputer of the control device 7, so that it is extremely simple and cost-effective. As a result, a significant reduction in size and cost of the garbage disposer is achieved.

Here, as a means of knowing that the user has put in the garbage, which is the timing of starting the operation of the planar code heater 6 in the processing tank 3, the outer lid 18 is always opened and closed when the garbage is put in. By paying attention to this fact, it is effective to use the opening / closing operation of the door switch 77 which is turned on / off in conjunction with the outer lid 18 without using a special sensor which is expensive.

In the simple control of operating the sheet code heater 6 only for 3 to 5 hours from the time when the user puts the garbage, the user is required to observe the inside of the garbage several times after putting the garbage. When the lid is opened and closed, or when the child opens and closes the lid for play, the operation time of the planar cord heater 6 may be lengthened and wasteful power consumption may occur.
During the initial period of the start of the operation, the operation of opening and closing the outer lid 18 is ignored, and the operation instruction that extends the operation time of the planar code heater 6 can be prevented from being issued. Alternatively, after the heater is once operated, even if the opening / closing operation of the outer cover 18 is performed until the predetermined operating time is completed, an operation instruction that extends the operating time of the heater is prevented from being issued. Can also be prevented. This also has the effect of simplifying the software of the microcomputer of the control device 7.

In addition, three to three hours after the user throws in the garbage
In the simple control in which the sheet code heater 6 is operated only for 5 hours, after the user inputs the garbage, immediately after the sheet code heater 6 is operated and the operation is stopped after a predetermined time, the next time. When the garbage is supplied, the planar cord heater 6 is operated again. After all, the fact that most of the planar cord heaters 6 have been operated for a day means that the power consumption is extremely large. This drawback is solved by limiting the total operating time per day of the sheet code heater 6.

For example, no operation is performed for more than 8 hours within 24 hours a day. Alternatively, the problem can be solved by limiting the number of operations of the planar cord heater 6 per day. For example, the number of operations of the planar code heater 6 within 24 hours a day is set to three or less. As means for limiting the number of times of operation of the sheet code heater in one day, the outer lid 1 is kept for a certain time after the sheet code heater 6 has completed the operation for a predetermined time.
If the planar code heater 6 is not operated even when the opening / closing operation of the control unit 8 is performed, the software of the microcomputer of the control device 7 can be simplified.

[0038]

According to the present invention, in a garbage disposer using a substrate such as sawdust and the like, the water content of the substrate is adjusted only by the water absorption power of the substrate itself and the water evaporation by the heat of fermentation as in the prior art. Without relying on it, install a heat retention heater on the outer peripheral surface of the processing tank,
Only during the period of low fermentation heat between 3 and 5 hours after the input of garbage, the heat retention heater is operated at a temperature higher than the outside air temperature based on the outside air temperature by the outside air temperature sensor, and the shortage of water evaporation is reduced. By supplementing them, it is possible to obtain a sufficient processing performance and a long life of the substrate with extremely low power consumption even if the amount of the substrate is significantly reduced as compared with the conventional case. As a result, the size and size of the device can be significantly reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of a kitchen waste treatment machine according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a planar cord heater.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Garbage processing apparatus, 2 ... Housing, 3 ... Garbage processing tank, 4
... stirring blades, 5 ... rotating shaft, 6 ... planar cord heater, 60
... environmental temperature sensor.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A garbage disposal tank having a stirring blade and a ventilation device, a substrate such as sawdust, rice husk, etc. and an aerobic bacterium are put into the garbage disposal tank, and garbage such as cooking waste and leftover food is charged and stirred. Thus, in a kitchen waste treatment machine that decomposes and reduces garbage by the action of aerobic bacteria, a warming heater having a configuration in which a planar heater is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the garbage disposal tank and an outside air for measuring environmental temperature A temperature sensor is provided, and only during a period in which the fermentation temperature of the base material is low for a period of 3 to 5 hours from the time when the user puts the garbage into the garbage processing tank, the warming heater is operated at an exothermic temperature higher than the ambient temperature. A kitchen waste treatment machine characterized by reducing the moisture content of the base material and activating bacteria by accelerating the evaporation of moisture. 2. A door which turns on and off in conjunction with an opening / closing operation of an input lid as a means for knowing that a user has input garbage at the timing of starting operation of a heat retaining heater of a processing tank. A garbage disposal machine characterized in that a judgment is made based on an opening and closing operation of a switch. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein during the initial period in which the heat retaining heater starts to operate, the opening / closing operation of the charging lid is ignored, and an operation instruction leading to extension of the operation time of the heat retaining heater is not issued. A garbage disposal machine characterized in that wasteful power consumption due to the operation of the heat retention heater for an unnecessarily long time is prevented. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein once the heat retaining heater has been operated, an operation instruction leading to an extension of the operation time of the heat retaining heater is provided even if the opening / closing operation of the charging lid is performed until a predetermined operation time is completed. A garbage disposer characterized by preventing wasteful power consumption due to the operation of the heat retention heater for an unnecessarily long time by not performing the operation. 5. The garbage disposal machine according to claim 1, wherein the number of times of operation of the heat retaining heater per day is limited in order to limit the total operation time per day of the heat retaining heater and to suppress power consumption. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the means for limiting the number of times of operation of the heat retaining heater per day includes opening and closing operation of the charging port lid for a predetermined time after the heat retaining heater has completed operation for a predetermined time. A kitchen waste treatment machine characterized by not operating the heat retention heater.