JPH1019058A - Clutch and transmission using it - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate control with small driving force, and increase the response speed. SOLUTION: A driving shaft 2 and a driven shaft 4 are connected to each other by two gear trains 1, 2. In clutches of respective gear trains, the driving shaft 2 and gears 12, 14 are coaxially arranged, balls 26, 28 are held in ball holding holes 22, 24 formed on the driving shaft 2 on which a guide hole 20 is formed so as to be radially and relatively moved, cam surfaces 33c, 33d having the inclination in relation to the axial direction are formed on the outer peripheral surface of a cam member 32 arranged in the guide hole 20 so as to be axially reciprocated, and the first state in which the cam surfaces 33c, 33d press the balls 26, 28 to the inner peripheral surfaces of the gears 12, 14 or the second state in which they does not press the balls is taken by reciprocating the cam member 22 by an actuator 44. When the first clutch takes the first state, the second clutch takes the second state, while, when the second clutch takes the first state, the first clutc takes the second state.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotational force transmission technique, and more particularly to a clutch and a transmission using the same. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The clutch and the transmission according to the present invention are suitably used in various driving force transmission systems in, for example, automobiles.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art
As a clutch and a transmission used in a rotational force transmission system in an automobile or another machine, an inner rotating member and an outer rotating member are coaxially arranged, and a plurality of the inner rotating members are evenly arranged in a circumferential direction on an outer peripheral surface of the inner rotating member. And a driving force transmitting roller held by a retainer is interposed between each cam surface and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the outer rotating member, and a circumferential position of the roller retainer with respect to the inner rotating member is formed. A mechanism using a mechanism for controlling the coupling of the inner rotating member to the outer rotating member and the release thereof by changing the rotation angle has been proposed.

However, the above-mentioned conventional clutches and transmissions require a driving means for moving the rollers in the circumferential direction for controlling the engagement and disengagement, so that there is a limit in reducing the driving force (especially, the engagement is reduced). When shifting from the state to the uncoupled state, it is necessary to move the roller sandwiched between the outer rotating member and the inner rotating member cam surface with a large pressure in the circumferential direction against the pressure. However, there is a limit in improving the response speed when driving by hydraulic pressure or the like.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a clutch and a transmission that can be controlled with a small driving force.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a clutch and a transmission having a high response speed.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a clutch and a transmission having a new mechanism different from the conventional clutch and transmission as described above.

[0007]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, an inner rotating member and an outer rotating member positioned radially outward of the inner rotating member are coaxially rotatable relative to each other. And an axial cam member guide hole is formed in the center of rotation of the inner rotating member, and a plurality of rotational force transmitting member holding holes uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction in the inner rotating member. A rotational force transmitting member is held in each of the rotational force transmitting member holding holes so as to be relatively movable in the radial direction, and a cam member is disposed in the cam member guide hole so as to be reciprocally movable in the axial direction. A cam surface having an inclination with respect to the axial direction is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cam member. The cam surface is reciprocated by an axial movement driving means, so that the cam surface has the rotational force. In front of transmission member The cam surface takes on a first state in which it presses against the inner peripheral surface of the outer rotating member and a second state in which the cam surface does not press the rotational force transmitting member against the inner peripheral surface of the outer rotating member. A clutch is provided.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the torque transmitting member is a ball.

In one aspect of the present invention, the cam surface comprises a plurality of rotational force transmitting member contact surfaces evenly arranged in a circumferential direction, and the rotational force transmitting member contact surface is provided with the rotational force transmitting member holding surface. The number is provided as an integral multiple of the number of holes.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the driving means is driven by a fluid pressure.

In one aspect of the present invention, the driving means drives the cam member to reciprocate in the axial direction while allowing relative rotation about the axial direction.

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, there is provided a driving shaft and a driven shaft connected by two torque transmitting paths for transmitting torque at different speed ratios, One of the driving shaft and the driven shaft is provided with a first clutch and a second clutch respectively for intermittently connecting the two rotational force transmission paths, and the first clutch and the second clutch are respectively provided with the one clutch. A shaft and a rotating member located radially outward of the one shaft are coaxially arranged so as to be rotatable with each other, and an axial cam member guide hole is formed at the rotation center of the one shaft. The one shaft is formed with a plurality of rotational force transmitting member holding holes uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, and the rotational force transmitting members are respectively radially moved relative to the rotational force transmitting member holding holes. Held as possible A cam member is disposed in the cam member guide hole so as to be able to reciprocate in the axial direction, and a cam surface inclined with respect to the axial direction is formed on an outer peripheral surface of the cam member. A first state in which the cam surface presses the rotating force transmitting member against the inner peripheral surface of the rotating member by reciprocating movement by the axial movement driving means, and the cam surface causes the rotating force transmitting member to rotate the rotating member. A second state in which the inner surface of the first clutch is not pressed, and the cam surface of the first clutch and the second state are not pressed.
The cam surface of the clutch is formed on a common cam member, and when the first clutch assumes the first state, the second clutch assumes the second state and the second clutch assumes the first state. When the first clutch engages the second clutch
A transmission is provided, wherein a cam surface of the first clutch and a cam surface of the second clutch are formed so as to take a state.

In one aspect of the present invention, it is possible that the first clutch is in the second state and the second clutch is in the second state.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the rotational force transmitting member is a ball.

In one aspect of the present invention, the cam surface is formed of a plurality of rotational force transmitting member contact surfaces evenly arranged in a circumferential direction, and the rotational force transmitting member contact surface is provided with the rotational force transmitting member holding surface. The number is provided as an integral multiple of the number of holes.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the driving means is driven by a fluid pressure.

In one aspect of the present invention, the driving means drives the cam member to reciprocate in the axial direction while allowing relative rotation about the axial direction.

Further, according to the present invention, two or three of the above-described transmissions are used to transmit torque at different speed ratios between a common driving shaft and a common driven shaft. 4
Or six rotational force transmission paths, wherein each of the common driving shaft and the common driven shaft functions as one shaft of one or two of the transmissions. A transmission is provided.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a clutch according to the present invention and a transmission using the same, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an assembled state thereof. .

In these figures, reference numeral 2 denotes a driving rotation shaft (hereinafter, simply referred to as a "driving shaft"), and reference numeral 2a denotes a rotation center thereof. Reference numeral 4 denotes a driven rotation shaft (hereinafter, simply referred to as a "driven shaft"), and reference numeral 4a denotes a rotation center thereof. The driving shaft 2 and the driven shaft 4 are arranged in parallel to each other in the AB direction. These shafts are supported by bearings 6 and the like, and are not moved in the AB direction. The right end of the driving shaft 2 is connected to a motor such as an internal combustion engine (not shown), and the right end of the driven shaft 4 is connected to a driven member such as wheels (not shown).

The first driving gear 12 and the second driving gear 1 are coaxially rotatable on the outer peripheral surface of the driving shaft 2.
4 is attached. The first driving side gear 12 and the second driving side gear 14 are not moved in the AB direction by the thrust bearing 8. The driven shaft 4 has a first driven gear 16 and a second driven gear 1 corresponding to the first driving gear 12 and the second driving gear 14, respectively.
8 are formed. The first driving side gear 12 engages with the first driven side gear 16 and external teeth to form a first gear train (1).
The second driving side gear 14 and the second driven side gear 18 mesh with each other to form a second gear train (2). As shown, the first gear train (1)
Is different from the gear ratio of the second gear train (2).

The driving shaft 2 has a cam member guide hole which is open at the left end and further extends rightward through the AB direction position of the two gear trains (1) and (2) and has a cylindrical inner wall surface. 2
0 is formed. The cylindrical inner wall surface of the cam member guide hole 20 is rotationally symmetric with respect to the driving shaft rotation center 2a.
The driving shaft 2 has a circumferential direction (ie, A) at the AB direction position corresponding to the two gear trains (1) and (2).
Six ball holding holes 22 and 24 are formed so as to be evenly arranged with respect to the direction around the B direction). However, from the viewpoint of the strength of the driving shaft 2, as shown in FIG. 2, the ball holding holes 22 and the ball holding holes 24 are arranged so that the circumferential positions thereof are alternated. Ball holding holes 22, 2
Numerals 4 are directed in the radial direction (that is, the radial direction about the driving shaft rotation center 2a) and have a predetermined inner diameter. The balls 26, 28 as driving force transmitting members are accommodated in the ball holding holes 22, 24, respectively. The balls 26, 28 are held in the holding holes 22, 24.
Is movable relative to the inner wall surface in the radial direction. In addition, as the rotational force transmitting member, in addition to the ball, the holding holes 22 and 24 are used.
It is also possible to use one having a cylindrical side wall surface slidable radially with respect to the inner wall surface and both end surfaces formed of a convex curved surface.

On the other hand, a rod-shaped cam member 32 is partially accommodated in the guide hole 20. The cam member 32
Are two guide support portions 33a and 33b which are slidable in the AB direction and rotatable in the circumferential direction with respect to the inner wall surface of the guide hole 20, and these guide support portions 33a and 33b
A first cam surface portion 33c and a second cam surface portion 33d are provided between the first and second gear trains (1) and (2) between the first and second gear trains (33b). Each of the first cam surface portion 33c and the second cam surface portion 33d has a ball contact surface 34 that forms a side surface of a regular 18-pyramid,
The shape is such that the bottom surfaces of these two regular 18 pyramids are joined together. That is, the first cam surface portion 33c has a small diameter on the left side (including a cylindrical portion having a constant outer diameter) and a large diameter on the right side, and the second cam surface portion 33d has a large diameter on the left side and a small diameter on the right side (a constant diameter). (Including a cylindrical portion having an outer diameter), and these two cam surface portions 33c and 33d have shapes symmetrical with respect to a plane orthogonal to the axial direction.

In the radial direction, the ball 26 is movable between the inner peripheral surface of the first driving gear 12 and the first cam surface portion 33c, and the ball 28 is moved in the second driving gear 14
Is movable between the inner peripheral surface of the second cam surface portion 33d and the second cam surface portion 33d.

The left end of the cam member 32 is connected to a hydraulic actuator 44 for driving reciprocating movement in the axial direction via a rotary cutoff joint 42. The actuator 44
Is a cylinder 45a, a piston 45b reciprocally movable in the AB direction within the cylinder, and a piston rod 4 connected to the piston 45b and extending to the rotation shut-off joint 42.
5c. Therefore, by operating the hydraulic actuator 44 to introduce hydraulic oil into the cylinder 45a from a desired port and discharge hydraulic oil in the cylinder 45a from the desired port, the piston rod 45c, the rotation cutoff joint 42 and the cam member 32 is moved in the AB direction.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the first clutch and the second gear train (2) relating to the first gear train (1) are used.
And the second clutch is operated integrally by using the common cam member 32.

FIGS. 4 and 5 are partial sectional views for explaining the operation of the present embodiment. These figures and further above FIGS.
3, the operation of this embodiment will be described in detail.

FIG. 4 shows a state in which the first clutch between the driving shaft 2 and the first driving gear 12 is in the OFF state (ie, a state in which the driving force is not transmitted between the driving shaft 2 and the first driving gear 12). Here are some cases. In this case, the AB direction position P ₁ of the first driving gear, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the small diameter portion of the first cam surface portion 33c of the cam member 32 is positioned. That is, the cam member 32 is located on the right side due to the rightward movement of the piston rod 45c shown in FIG. 1 (the cam member 32 is located on the left side in FIG. 4B). Are indicated by virtual lines).

In the state shown in FIG. 4, the first driving gear 1
2 is larger than the diameter of the ball 26, so that the ball 26 can be held in the ball holding hole even if the driving shaft 2 rotates around the rotation center 2a. The rotation of the driving shaft 2 is not transmitted to the first driving gear 12 although the rotation is carried around the rotation center 2 a while being held by the rotation 22. Further, since the cam member 32 is not restrained with respect to the driving shaft 2, the cam member 32 does not rotate around the rotation center 2 a together with the driving shaft 2.

FIG. 5 shows that the first clutch between the driving shaft 2 and the first driving gear 12 is ON (that is, a driving force is transmitted between the driving shaft 2 and the first driving gear 12). Is shown. In this case, the position P in the AB direction of the first prime mover gear
₁ includes a cam member 32, as shown in FIG.
The large diameter portion of the first cam surface portion 33c is located. That is,
The cam member 32 is located on the left side due to the movement of the piston rod 45c shown in FIG. 1 to the left (in FIG. 5B, the cam member 32 is located on the right side). Are indicated by phantom lines).

In the state shown in FIG. 5, the first driving side gear 12
The radial distance between the inner peripheral surface 12 'and the first cam surface 33c is substantially the same as the diameter of the ball 26, and the inner peripheral surface 12' of the first driving side gear 12 and the first cam surface 33c. , The ball 26 is pinched, so that the driving shaft 2 is
, The rotational force is transmitted via the ball 26 to the first driving gear 12 and the cam member 32 restrained by the ball 26. Since the rotation of the cam member 32 is cut off by the rotation cutoff joint 42, the rotation of the actuator 44 is not affected. First
When the driving gear 12 rotates, the first driven gear 16 meshing with the driving gear 12 is rotated, and thus the driven shaft 4 rotates at the first speed ratio R1 corresponding to the gear ratio of the first gear train (1). I'm sullen.

While the first gear train (1) has been described above, the same applies to the second gear train (2). When the second clutch of the second gear train (2) is in the ON state, the second
The driven shaft 4 is rotated at the second speed ratio R2 according to the gear ratio of the gear train (2). However, as also shown in FIG. 1, when the first clutch of the first gear train (1) is ON, the second clutch of the second gear train (2) is OFF, and the second clutch When the second clutch of the gear train (2) is ON, the first clutch of the first gear train (1) is OFF
The first cam surface portion 33 of the cam member 32 is brought into a state.
The shape and dimensions of c and the second cam surface 33d are set.

In this embodiment, the ON / OF of the clutch is reduced with a small driving force by reducing the inclination angles of the cam surface portions 33c and 33d of the cam member 32 with respect to the axial direction.
F switching can be performed, and the response speed can be increased.

In the above embodiment, the clutch is arranged on the driving shaft side, but the same effect can be obtained by disposing the clutch on the driven shaft side.

In the above-described embodiment, the first clutch and the second clutch are provided by using an actuator 44 that can position the cam member 32 in three stages of a right position, a left position, and an intermediate position in the AB direction. A neutral state in which both of the two clutches are OFF can be realized. As such an actuator, an actuator capable of stopping at an intermediate position with a piston position sensor can be used. Table 1 below shows the relationship between the position of the cam member 32 in the AB direction, the ON / OFF operation of the first clutch and the second clutch, and the speed ratio in this case.

[0037]

[Table 1] Here, the position of the cam member 32 in the AB direction is shown with reference to FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the clutch and the transmission using the same according to the present invention.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 52 denotes a driving shaft, one end of which is connected to the engine 50 via a torque converter (not shown) or the like. Reference numeral 54 denotes a driven shaft. The driving shaft 52 and the driven shaft 54 are connected by six gear trains (1) to (6) having different speed ratios.

The driving shaft 52 is provided with first and second clutches similar to those of the above embodiment. The other end of the driving shaft 52 is connected to actuators 56 of the first and second clutches.

The driven shaft 54 is provided with the same third and fourth clutches as in the above embodiment. The actuators 58 of the third and fourth clutches are connected to one end of the driven shaft 54. The driven shaft 54 is further provided with fifth and sixth clutches similar to the above embodiment. The other end of the driven shaft 54 is provided with the actuators 6 of the fifth and sixth clutches.
0 is connected. The cam members of the fifth and sixth clutches extend across the gear trains (1) and (2).
The driven gears of the gear trains (1) and (2) are attached to a hollow cylindrical portion of a driven shaft 54 in which a cam member is arranged to be able to reciprocate in the axial direction.

Reference numeral 62 denotes an output shaft, on which an output gear 64 meshing with the driven gear of the gear train (1) is fixed. In the present embodiment, the output shaft 62 is connected to the driven member.

In this embodiment, a six-speed shifting operation is possible by appropriately controlling the three actuators 56, 58, and 60.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention, a clutch having a novel structure and a transmission using the same, which can perform ON / OFF switching with a small driving force and can increase response speed. Is provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a clutch and a transmission using the same according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an assembled state of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view for describing an operation in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view for describing an operation in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the clutch and the transmission using the clutch according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 2 driving shaft 4 driven shaft 12 first driving side gear 14 second driving side gear 16 first driven side gear 18 second driven side gear 20 cam member guide hole 22, 24 ball holding hole 26, 28 ball 32 cam member 33c 1 cam surface portion 33d second cam surface portion 34 Ball contact surface 42 Rotation shutoff joint 44 Hydraulic actuator

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. An inner rotating member and an outer rotating member positioned radially outward of the inner rotating member are coaxially arranged so as to be rotatable with respect to each other, and a rotation center of the inner rotating member has an axial direction. A cam member guide hole is formed, and a plurality of rotational force transmitting member holding holes that are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction are formed in the inner rotating member, and the rotational force transmitting member holding holes each have a rotational force. A transmission member is held so as to be relatively movable in the radial direction, and a cam member is disposed in the cam member guide hole so as to be able to reciprocate in the axial direction, and the outer peripheral surface of the cam member is inclined with respect to the axial direction. A first state in which the cam member is reciprocated by the axial movement driving means so that the cam surface presses the rotational force transmitting member against the inner peripheral surface of the outer rotating member. And the cam surface is forward A rotational force transmitting member becomes in the manner takes a second state of not pressing against the inner peripheral surface of the outer rotary member, the clutch, characterized in that. 2. The clutch according to claim 1, wherein the torque transmitting member is a ball. 3. The cam surface includes a plurality of rotational force transmitting member contact surfaces evenly arranged in a circumferential direction, and the rotational force transmitting member contact surface is an integral multiple of the number of the rotational force transmitting member holding holes. The clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the number is provided. 4. The clutch according to claim 1, wherein said driving means is driven by fluid pressure. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said driving means drives the cam member to reciprocate in the axial direction while allowing relative rotation about the axial direction.
The clutch according to any one of the above. 6. A driving shaft and a driven shaft coupled by two torque transmitting paths for transmitting a torque at different speed ratios, and one of the driving shaft and the driven shaft includes the driving shaft and the driven shaft. A first clutch and a second clutch for intermittently connecting the two rotational force transmission paths, respectively, wherein the first clutch and the second clutch are respectively located on the one shaft and radially outward of the one shaft. And a rotating member to be rotated are coaxially arranged so as to be rotatable with each other, an axial cam member guide hole is formed at the rotation center of the one shaft, and the one shaft is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. A plurality of arranged rotational force transmitting member holding holes are formed,
A rotational force transmitting member is held in each of the rotational force transmitting member holding holes so as to be relatively movable in a radial direction, and a cam member is disposed in the cam member guide hole so as to be reciprocally movable in an axial direction. A cam surface having an inclination with respect to the axial direction is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the member, and the cam surface reciprocates the cam member by an axial movement driving means so that the cam surface connects the rotating force transmitting member to the rotating member. And a second state in which the cam surface does not press the rotational force transmitting member against the inner peripheral surface of the rotating member. The cam surface of the first clutch and the cam surface of the second clutch are formed on a common cam member, and when the first clutch assumes the first state, the second clutch assumes the second state; The second clutch Is the first
The transmission according to claim 1, wherein a cam surface of the first clutch and a cam surface of the second clutch are formed such that the first clutch assumes the second state when the state is taken. 7. The transmission according to claim 6, wherein said first clutch is in said second state and said second clutch is capable of being in said second state. 8. The transmission according to claim 6, wherein the torque transmitting member is a ball. 9. The cam surface includes a plurality of rotational force transmitting member contact surfaces evenly arranged in a circumferential direction, and the rotational force transmitting member contact surface is an integral multiple of the number of the rotational force transmitting member holding holes. The transmission according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the number is provided. 10. The transmission according to claim 6, wherein said driving means is driven by fluid pressure. 11. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the driving means drives the cam member to reciprocate in the axial direction while allowing relative rotation about the axial direction.
The transmission according to any one of claims 10 to 13. 12. The transmission according to claim 6, wherein two or three transmissions are used to transmit torque between the common driving shaft and the common driven shaft at different speed ratios. Four or six rotational force transmission paths, wherein each of the common driving shaft and the common driven shaft functions as one shaft of one or two of the transmissions. A transmission, characterized by: