JPH10189255A - Lighting system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lighting system in which dazzle to human eyes after darkness adaptation can be prevented, in which loss of energy can be reduced, and in which the optimum dim ratio can be obtained in the case of expecting crime-preventing action such as threatening effect. SOLUTION: A device comprises a human body detection means 10, a low illuminance detection part 20, and an illumination control part 40 to control lighting and lighting off, or dim lighting of an illumination load 50 in accordance with a detection output HQ of the human body detection means 10 and a detection output LP of the low illumninance detection part 20, so at least a dim ratio in the case where a man exists, or a dim ratio in the case where a man does not exist is changed from the time when the illumination load 50 is lighted at a predetermined dim ratio to a predetermined time in accordance with a time after starting lighting or a timing.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an illuminating device, and more particularly, to illuminance in accordance with the detection output of a human body detecting means and an illuminance detecting means, that is, in response to the presence or illuminance of a person in an illumination control area. In addition, the present invention relates to a lighting device for turning on, off, or dimming a lighting load.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A first prior art example according to the present invention is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-67492. In this conventional example, when the illuminance of the illumination control area is equal to or less than the set illuminance, the low-luminance lighting is performed, and when a person enters the area in the low-luminance lighting state, switching to high-luminance lighting is performed and the high-luminance lighting is maintained for a predetermined time. It is.

Further, as a second conventional example according to the present invention, there is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H3-257791. In this conventional example, when the illuminance of the external light is equal to or less than a predetermined value, dimming lighting is performed,
When a person is detected, the light is turned on in the all-light state, and when a predetermined time elapses between the detection of a person and the detection of the next person, the light is automatically turned off, and power consumption in a time zone in which late night lighting is considered unnecessary. Is to be eliminated.

[0004] In both the first and second conventional examples, when the surroundings are dark, the dimming lighting is performed with the required illuminance in the illumination control area, so that the person can safely advance to the position where the human body detecting means operates. In addition, power consumption can be suppressed, and when the human body detecting means operates, the light is turned on at a high dimming ratio.

FIG. 11 shows a block diagram of a third conventional example according to the present invention. This configuration includes a human body detection unit 10, a low illuminance detection unit 20, and a human body detection signal HQ of the human body detection unit 10.
And the low illuminance detection signal LP of the low illuminance detection unit 20,
The lighting control unit 40 controls the lighting of the lighting load 50, turning off or dimming lighting. The lighting control unit 4
The AC power supply 1 is connected to the output terminal 0 via an illumination load 50.

The human body detecting means 10 includes a PIR element 11 for detecting the presence of a human body in the illumination control area, and a PIR element 11.
, And a comparator 13 that compares the amplified output of the amplifier 12 with a reference value and outputs a human body detection signal HQ. Low illumination detector 20
Is an optical sensor 21 for detecting low illuminance in the illumination control area.
And a comparator 22 that compares the output of the optical sensor 21 with a reference value and outputs a low illuminance detection signal LP. The illumination control unit 40 receives at least one of the human body detection signal HQ of the human body detection unit 10 and the low illuminance detection signal LP of the low illuminance detection unit 20 and performs an arithmetic operation.
An insulating element (here, a phototriac) 42 that receives the high illuminance ratio lighting signal SH or the low illuminance ratio lighting signal SL output from 44 and transmits it to the load side, and receives the output of the phototriac 42 to turn on and off, and Load 50
, And a zero-cross detection circuit 41 connected to both ends of the AC power supply 1 and detecting a zero cross of the AC power supply 1. Note that the CPU 44
Is configured to include a timer unit 61.

Next, the operation will be briefly described. When detecting the presence of a person in the illumination control area, the human body detection means 10 outputs a human body detection signal HQ. The low illuminance detection unit 20, when the surroundings are dark and the illumination control area is equal to or less than a predetermined illuminance,
The comparator 22 outputs a low illuminance detection signal LP.

[0008] When the CPU 44 receives the low illuminance detection signal LP, the CPU 44 counts a preset timer time into a timer section 61.
Measure with When the human body detection signal HQ is not present during the timer time, the low illuminance ratio lighting signal SL is output, and when the human body detection signal HQ is input during the timer time, the high illuminance ratio lighting signal SH is output. . If the human body detection signal HQ and the low illuminance detection signal LP are both input to the CPU 44 after the elapse of the timer time, the high illuminance ratio lighting signal SH is output. FIG. 12 shows an example of the high illumination ratio lighting signal SH and the low illumination ratio lighting signal SL. Then, based on the high illuminance ratio lighting signal SH and the low illuminance ratio lighting signal SL, the triac 43 is turned on / off via the phototriac 42, and the lighting load 50 is dimmed and lit.

[0009]

In general, the brightness near the lighting control area and the traffic volume of a person since the end of the day change with the passage of time. Therefore, when there is no person or when there is a person. It is considered that it is desirable that the optimum value of the dimming ratio changes with time. For example, human eyes become accustomed to darkness as the night goes on, so even if the dimming ratio in the absence or presence of people is reduced over time, Above, sufficient brightness can be ensured, thereby reducing power consumption. In addition, by setting a high dimming ratio other than a time zone in which a person is expected to enter and exit the illumination control area, a security effect can be expected due to a threatening effect.

However, in all of the above-mentioned conventional examples, the dimming ratio in the case where no person is present or in the case where a person is present is constant between the time when the illuminance of the illumination control area falls below a predetermined value and the time when the light is turned off. The fact that the brightness and the traffic volume of people near the illumination control area have changed over time is not taken into account, and therefore, it is dazzling to the dark-adapted human eyes, There is a problem that loss occurs.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has as its object to provide a lighting load between a predetermined dimming ratio and a predetermined time after starting lighting.
By changing the dimming ratio when a person is present or at least one of the dimming ratios when a person is absent, according to the elapsed time or time since the start of lighting, the dark-adapted human Provided is a lighting device capable of preventing dazzling to the eyes, reducing energy loss, and achieving an optimum dimming ratio when expecting a security effect such as a threatening effect. It is.

[0011]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a human body detecting apparatus for detecting a lighting load and a human body in a lighting control area and outputting a human body detection signal. Means, an illuminance detection means for detecting a low illuminance in the illumination control area and outputting a low illuminance detection signal, and a control unit for controlling lighting of the illumination load according to at least one of the human body detection signal and the illuminance detection signal. If the human body is not detected within a certain period after the illuminance in the illumination control area becomes smaller than the predetermined value, the lighting load is turned on at a low illuminance at the first predetermined illuminance, and if the human body is detected within the predetermined period. , The lighting load, the first
The high illuminance is turned on at a second predetermined illuminance larger than the predetermined illuminance, and at least one of the first predetermined illuminance and the second predetermined illuminance is such that the illuminance in the illumination control area is within a predetermined value within a predetermined period. It is characterized in that it changes in accordance with the elapsed time after it has become smaller.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the first predetermined illuminance increases within a certain period according to a decrease in the illuminance in the illumination control area within a certain period.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the first predetermined illuminance decreases within a certain period according to an increase in the illuminance in the illumination control area within a certain period.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the first predetermined illuminance is reduced within a certain period according to a decrease in the illuminance in the illumination control area within a certain period.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the first predetermined illuminance is substantially constant within a certain period.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the second predetermined illuminance increases within a certain period according to a decrease in the illuminance in the illumination control area within a certain period.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the second predetermined illuminance is reduced within a certain period according to a decrease in the illuminance in the illumination control area within a certain period.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the second predetermined illuminance decreases within a certain period according to an increase in the illuminance in the illumination control area within a certain period.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the second predetermined illuminance is substantially constant within a certain period.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, the lighting load is turned off after a predetermined time has elapsed.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, the illumination load is turned on at a second predetermined illuminance after a predetermined time has elapsed.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, the illumination load is an incandescent lamp.

[0023]

Embodiment

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the present invention.

The difference from the third conventional example shown in FIG.
The timer unit 61 sets the time at which the low-illuminance ratio lighting of the lighting load 50 ends to be substantially constant, even if the transmission start time of the low-illuminance detection signal LP from the low-illuminance detection unit 20 varies. That is, a timer time correction unit 62 for correcting the timer time is provided, and the description of the same components as those of the third conventional example will be omitted by retaining the same reference numerals.

That is, by providing the timer section 61 and the timer time correction section 62, it is possible to measure the elapsed time or time after the illuminance of the illumination control area has become lower than the predetermined value. By changing the pulse width of the high illumination ratio lighting signal SH and the low illumination ratio lighting signal SL,
The dimming ratio of the illumination load 50 can be changed by changing the firing phase of the triac 43.

FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing a change in the dimming ratio of the illumination load 50 with the passage of time.

When the illuminance of the illumination control area becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value at time Ta, the illumination load 50 is turned on at a low illuminance ratio at a low illuminance ratio L1 = Ld. If there is a person, high illuminance ratio L21 = La
(> Ld) to turn on the high illuminance ratio.

Assuming that the illuminance of the illumination control area gradually decreases from time Ta to time Tb, this time zone is still brighter than midnight. That is, in this time zone, By illuminating with an illuminance ratio Ld lower than the low illuminance ratio L1 = Lc required in the late night time zone, it is possible to secure sufficient brightness and reduce power consumption. After the time Tb, the lighting is performed with the dimming ratio increased to the low illuminance ratio L1 = Lc, and after the time Tc (> time Tb), the low illuminance ratio L1 becomes zero and the high illuminance ratio L22. = La (> Ld).

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 3 shows a timing chart of a second embodiment according to the present invention.

The difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is that the low illuminance ratio L1 = L1 between time Ta and time Tb.
Lc, and after time Tb, the low illuminance ratio L1 = Ld (<L
c), and the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

If the illuminance in the vicinity of the illumination control area in the time period from the time Ta to the time Tb is lower than in the vicinity of the illumination control area after the time Tb, the human eyes already in the vicinity of the illumination control area before the time Tb. Is considered to be in a dark-adapted state, so that in the time period after time Tb, the illuminance ratio L1 = Ld (<L) is lower than in the time period from time Ta to time Tb.
Even if the light is turned on in step c), it is possible to secure sufficient brightness in appearance, and to suppress power consumption.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 4 shows a timing chart of a third embodiment according to the present invention.

The difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is that the high illuminance ratio L2 in the time period from the time Ta to the time Tb is different.
1 = Lb (<La), and the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 5 shows a timing chart of a fourth embodiment according to the present invention.

The difference from the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is that the high illuminance ratio L21 = L22 =
Lb (<La), and the same components as those of the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

With such a configuration, even when a person enters the illumination control area during the time period after the time Tb, there is an effect that the illuminance is sufficiently ensured and the user does not feel dazzling.

(Embodiment 5) FIG. 6 shows a timing chart of a fifth embodiment according to the present invention.

The difference from the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is that the low illuminance ratio in the time zone from time Ta to time Tb is L.
1 = Lc (> Ld), and the same components as those of the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

Lighting with higher illuminance in a time zone where the probability of a person entering the illumination control area is originally low (here, a time zone after time Tb), such as at midnight, has a threatening effect and a crime prevention effect. Can be expected.

(Embodiment 6) FIG. 7 shows a timing chart of a sixth embodiment according to the present invention.

The difference from the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is that the high illuminance ratio L2 in the time period from time Ta to time Tb is different.
1 = La, the high illuminance ratio L21 = Lb (<La) in the time period from the time Tb to the time Tc, and the high illuminance ratio L22 = La in the time period after the time Tc. The same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

With such a configuration, even when a person enters the illumination control area in the time zone after the time Tb, there is an effect that sufficient illuminance is ensured and dazzling is not felt. Further, since the high illuminance ratio L22 in the time period after the time Tc is set high, there is a threatening effect, and a crime prevention effect can be expected.

(Embodiment 7) FIG. 8 shows a timing chart of a seventh embodiment according to the present invention.

The difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is that, starting at time Tb, the low illuminance ratio L1 is gradually increased from Ld to Lc, and at time Tb '(> T
Starting from b), the configuration is such that the high illuminance ratio L21 is gradually reduced from La to Lb. The same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. .

As described above, immediately after the illuminance of the illumination control area becomes equal to or less than the predetermined value, the low illuminance ratio is set low to reduce the power consumption. In addition, by lowering the high illuminance ratio L2 with the passage of time, there is an effect of not giving glare to a dark-adapted human eye.

(Eighth Embodiment) FIG. 9 shows a characteristic diagram of an eighth embodiment according to the present invention.

This characteristic diagram shows an example of setting the illuminance ratio switching time. For example, when the light is dark at dusk (time Ta), the lighting is started at the low illuminance ratio L1 = Ld, and the day is completely stopped. After darkening (time Tb), if it becomes darker, the low light ratio L
This can be applied when increasing to 1 = Lc.

That is, when the illuminance of the illumination control area arbitrarily set by the user is dark at the time Ta, the time required for the illuminance of the illumination control area to become further darker is lower than when the illuminance is bright. It is thought to be shorter,
It is necessary to set so as to shorten the time until the illuminance ratio is changed. The setting is: Tb = k × (Ls−Lmin) × Tx + Ti (1) k: switching time setting coefficient Lmin: minimum setting value of lighting start illuminance Tx: switching time setting correction time Ti: switching time minimum Value.

(Embodiment 9) FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram of a ninth embodiment according to the present invention.

This characteristic diagram shows that the switching time setting coefficient k
For example, lighting is started at a low illuminance ratio L1 = Ld at dusk (time Ta) at dusk,
This can be applied to the case where the low illuminance ratio is increased to L1 = Lc when the sun is completely darkened (time Tb) and further darkened.

That is, when the illuminance change of the illumination control area in the unit time immediately before the time Ta is large (for example, in winter),
Compared to when the change in illuminance is smaller (for example, in summer),
It is conceivable that the time until the illuminance of the illumination control area becomes darker becomes shorter, and it is necessary to set the coefficient k so that the time until the illuminance ratio is changed becomes shorter. The setting is as follows: k = 1−ka × (△ L / △ t) (2)

In this embodiment, when the influence of the lighting of the lighting load does not affect the illuminance of the lighting control area,
Only the change in the illuminance of the illumination control area before and after the time Ta may be compared.

In the eighth and ninth embodiments,
The changes in the illuminance ratios L1 and L2 are not only steep changes at predetermined times as described in the first to sixth embodiments, but also
It may change gradually as time elapses as shown in the seventh embodiment, or may change stepwise, and the illuminance ratios L1 and L2 may change only once. Instead, it may change two or more times depending on the situation.

Further, in all of the above embodiments, the timer section 61 may be externally provided, and the comparator 22 of the low illuminance detection section 20 may be included in the CPU 44. The lighting load 50 may be an incandescent lamp or a fluorescent lamp, and the dimming control may have another configuration instead of the triac 43. Further, the timing of switching the illuminance ratio may be not only the time but also the time from the start of lighting. Furthermore, in detecting that the illuminance of the illumination control area has become lower than the predetermined value, the output of the comparator 22 is sampled for a predetermined time and at a predetermined cycle, and the illuminance of the illumination control area is surely darkened. May be confirmed. With such a configuration, it is possible to prevent a malfunction due to a temporary decrease in illuminance.

[0055]

According to the inventions described in the first to twelfth aspects, it is possible to adjust the lighting load when a person is present between the time when the lighting load starts lighting at the predetermined dimming ratio and the predetermined time. Light ratio,
Alternatively, at least one of the dimming ratios when a person is absent is changed according to the elapsed time or time from the start of lighting to prevent dazzling to dark-adapted human eyes, It is possible to provide an illuminating device capable of reducing a loss and providing an optimal dimming ratio when expecting a security effect such as a threatening effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a timing chart of the first embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a timing chart of a second embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows a timing chart of a third embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows a timing chart of a fourth embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows a timing chart of a fifth embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows a timing chart of a sixth embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows a timing chart of a seventh embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 shows a characteristic diagram of the eighth embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 shows a characteristic diagram of a ninth embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 shows a block diagram of a conventional example according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 shows a timing chart according to the above conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 human body detecting means 20 illuminance detecting means 40 lighting control means 50 lighting load L illuminance ratio T time

Claims (12)

[Claims] An illumination load, a human body detecting means for detecting a human body in an illumination control area and outputting a human body detection signal, and an illuminance for detecting a low illuminance in the illumination control area and outputting a low illuminance detection signal A detection unit, and a control unit that controls lighting of the illumination load in accordance with at least one of the human body detection signal and the illuminance detection signal, and a predetermined period after the illuminance in the illumination control area becomes smaller than a predetermined value. If there is no human body detection, the lighting load is turned on at a low illuminance at a first predetermined illuminance, and within the fixed period,
If there is a human body detection, in the lighting device, the lighting load is turned on at a high illuminance at a second predetermined illuminance greater than the first predetermined illuminance, wherein the first predetermined illuminance or the second predetermined illuminance At least one of the lighting devices is characterized in that the lighting device changes according to an elapsed time after the illuminance in the lighting control area becomes smaller than a predetermined value within the certain period. 2. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the first predetermined illuminance increases within the fixed period according to a decrease in illuminance in the illumination control area during the fixed period. . 3. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the first predetermined illuminance decreases within the fixed period according to an increase in illuminance in the illumination control area during the fixed period. . 4. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the first predetermined illuminance decreases within the fixed period according to a decrease in illuminance in the illumination control area during the fixed period. . 5. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the first predetermined illuminance is substantially constant within the predetermined period. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second predetermined illuminance increases within the fixed period according to a decrease in illuminance in the illumination control area during the fixed period. The lighting device according to any one of the above. 7. The light source device according to claim 1, wherein the second predetermined illuminance decreases within the fixed period according to a decrease in illuminance in the illumination control area during the fixed period. The lighting device according to any one of the above. 8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second predetermined illuminance decreases within the predetermined period according to an increase in the illuminance in the illumination control area during the predetermined period. The lighting device according to any one of the above. 9. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the second predetermined illuminance is substantially constant within the predetermined period. 10. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the lighting load is turned off after the predetermined time has elapsed. 11. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the lighting load is turned on at the second predetermined illuminance after the predetermined time has elapsed. 12. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the lighting load is an incandescent lamp.