JPH10185444A - Automatic pottery kiln - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dispense with a human monitor in the case of backing with excellent salability of a pottery kiln and safety of an operation by ensuring sufficient volume for entering and outgoing a work in the kiln and dealing with porcelain from a pottery. SOLUTION: A first exhaust hole 19 is opened at an upper wall of a kiln body 1 in which a flame port 40 is opened at a lower wall, a second exhaust port 20 is opened at the lower wall. A damper for switching the hole 20 is formed at a side stack formed at an outside of the hole 20. A forward submerged swinging door is mounted in a forward opening of the body 1. A gas burner 42 is fixed to an upper end of an elevator under the port 40. A controller 14 for automatically controlling a temperature is provided at the inner wall of the body 1. Upper and lower side heaters 13 for heating upper and lower halves in the kiln are disposed in the kiln.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention automatically controls the sintering environment for oxidative and reductive sintering, such as atmospheric pressure and temperature inside a kiln, carbon monoxide in the air, etc., and also covers porcelain to porcelain sintering. The present invention relates to an automatic pottery kiln having excellent safety and high-temperature durability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A so-called "ceramic kiln" used for firing ceramics and the like.
Is generally composed of refractory bricks and the like, and the inside of the kiln is, for example, 750 ° C.
In addition, in the case of the main firing, the temperature is raised to about 1250 ° C., and in order to stably maintain the temperature inside the kiln, sufficient heat insulation to the outside is secured. Such conventional pottery kilns include, for example, Japanese Utility Model No. 4-9.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5293 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-190632, for the purpose of securing the hermeticity inside the kiln and stabilizing the thermal gradient inside the kiln, a kiln lid is covered on top of the kiln body. Then, the kiln lid is opened and closed to open and close the work, and as shown in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 5-8390, the kiln body is equipped with an opening and closing door that opens and closes to open the inside of the kiln. Often used, they are hermetically sealed, and the doors can be opened and closed to open and close the work from the front opening of the kiln body.

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned conventional pottery kiln has the advantage that, especially in the former, the hermeticity inside the kiln can be enhanced by gravity applied to the upper part with the kiln lid closed. Despite this, in order to secure a predetermined volume inside the kiln, the size of the kiln, such as the depth, must be increased, and the work for filling the kiln and taking out the kiln can be done smoothly. In the latter case, in order to open and close the door, the hinge that fixes the door to the edge of the opening of the kiln body is used as the center of rotation and the door is opened and closed only within its radius. Because the action cannot be performed,
When the opening and closing door is closed at the opening of the kiln body, the inner peripheral edge of the opening and closing door only contacts the edge of the opening, so the hinge opening and closing can not be firmly pressed and sealed. There is a problem that heat or pressure leaks from the edge of the door to the outside, causing heat loss.

In addition, ceramic pottery kilns generally used for hobbies and the like are required to be miniaturized in terms of installation place, workability and economical efficiency such as price, and conversely, in terms of performance, they are not suitable for finishing works. A high functional level is required, and furthermore, the handling of the kiln itself is required to be easy and safe to operate.

[0005] The automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention has been devised in view of the above problems, and has a lid that covers the front opening of the kiln body, which is a so-called forward diving type opening / closing door. The door is fitted and moved in and out of the opening edge of the front opening of the kiln body almost in parallel, and opened and closed to obtain an average confidentiality over the entire inner circumference of the opening of the kiln body, as well as the air pressure inside the kiln and the air. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic pottery kiln capable of automatically controlling the environment and conditions for oxidizing firing and reducing firing such as carbon monoxide amount and temperature.

Further, the automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention increases the volume of the inner kiln, facilitates taking in and out of the work, improves the durability of the pottery kiln used in a high temperature state, and improves safety. The purpose is to provide an automatic pottery kiln.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an automatic pottery kiln capable of reducing and firing a direct flame type and an inverted flame type by a simple operation.

[0008]

In order to achieve each of the above objects, an automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention is provided on an upper wall of a substantially box-shaped kiln body having a crater opening downward on a lower wall. In addition to opening a first exhaust hole that opens to the lower wall, a second exhaust hole that opens to the rear of the rear wall near the lower wall is opened, and the second exhaust hole is appropriately opened and closed in a chimney configured outside the second exhaust hole. And a front dive type opening / closing door is attached to the front opening of the kiln body, and a gas burner is fixed to the upper end of a pantograph type elevating device arranged below the crater, and the kiln is fixed. The inner wall of the main unit is equipped with a controller that automatically drives the temperature inside the kiln to an appropriate value according to the set baking temperature information and other programs, and the upper and lower halves inside the kiln are heated separately. Heater and lower heater It is the gist.

The kiln body is formed by assembling an outer housing by fixing each corner portion of an iron plate processed by bending a side edge together with a reinforcing beam by bolting or the like, and forming the entire inner surface of the kiln body with refractory bricks through a heat insulating material. The inner kiln was constructed, and the inner surface of the inner kiln was coated with a fireproof coating. With such a structure, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of distortion on the side surfaces and the upper and lower surfaces of the kiln body and increase the strength of the entire kiln. The surface of the iron plate is coated with powder epoxy resin, and the reinforcing beam is galvanized to increase the durability of the kiln body and to withstand long-term use.

An upper chimney having a function of preventing dust from falling into the kiln is detachably attached to the first exhaust hole, and a side chimney rising upward along the rear surface of the kiln body from the second exhaust hole. Consists of a damper. With such a structure, even if dust falls on the work through the first exhaust hole during the baking process, the dust is prevented from falling on the work by the dust fall prevention function of the upper chimney, and the work is damaged. There is no. The gas flow inside the kiln can be switched between an upward flow (updraft) and a downward flow (downdraft) by opening and closing the first exhaust hole and adjusting opening and closing of the second exhaust hole by a damper. The firing environment for firing can be accurately adjusted.

The gas burner is configured to be able to enter and exit the kiln through a crater formed in the lower wall of the kiln body. The installation height of the gas burner can be freely adjusted. By adjusting the amount of air and combustion gas supplied from the crater into the kiln,
At the same time, the internal pressure inside the kiln can be adjusted.

Each heater disposed inside the kiln is buried in a groove provided in the refractory brick forming the inner kiln so that the temperature can be controlled separately on the upper side and the lower side. It is composed. With such a structure, when a temperature difference occurs between the upper part and the lower part inside the kiln, the heater on the upper side or the lower side is driven to keep the inside of the kiln constant at all times, and the firing conditions can be made uniform.

Further, an auxiliary door for a drawer window for a work having a color viewing hole can be detachably attached to the opening / closing door. By opening the auxiliary door for this drawer window,
When the glaze melts, the work being fired can be taken out of the kiln, quenched, baked, or reduced and fired like a black drawer, and the glaze can be controlled by the supply of air (oxygen) to the kiln. By changing the coloration of, a unique baking treatment can be performed.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention relating to an automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. [Structure of the kiln body] FIG. 1 is a front view of an automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the operation of the door, and FIG. 5 is a front sectional view showing the inside of the kiln, FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing the structure of the side surface inside the kiln, FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view showing the structure of a chimney mounted on the upper part of the kiln body, and FIG. It is a principal part enlarged front view which shows the structure of a raising / lowering apparatus.

In each of the above drawings, the kiln body 1 is configured to be installed on a stand 2, and in the present embodiment, the outer size (dimension) is a height (about) 171.
cm, width (approx.) 103 cm, depth (approx.) 98 cm, size (dimensions) inside the kiln is height (approx.) 81 cm, width (approx.) 66 cm, and depth (approx.) 45.7 cm. And an inner kiln 5 made of refractory brick formed inside the outer casing 3 with a heat insulating material 4 interposed therebetween. Needless to say, the size of the kiln body 1 can be appropriately changed as needed.

The outer housing 3 is for obtaining the strength and durability of the outside of the kiln body 1.
Are connected to each other to form a reinforcing beam 8.
And an aluminum plate 10 through which a large number of ventilation holes 9, 9,... The structure is such that high heat transmitted to the outside of the body 3 is dissipated to lower the surface temperature, thereby preventing accidents such as burns. In addition, in order to increase the durability of the outer housing 3 and make it a structure that can withstand long-term use, the surface of the iron plate 7 is coated with heat-resistant powder / epoxy resin,
The reinforcing beams 8 used at the corners of the outer casing 3 are plated with zinc. Further, a structure is employed in which the generation of rust on the external housing 3 is suppressed by using fasteners such as stainless fixing bolts and thumb screws. The stand 2 on which the kiln body 1 is placed is for supporting the weight of the kiln body 1 and for mounting accessories such as a gas burner, which will be described later, and is formed of an iron square tube having a thickness of about 3 mm. While being formed, the installation height of the kiln body 1 can be adjusted by known height adjustment means 11 attached to the lower end of the leg.

The pottery kiln is for maintaining and maintaining a firing environment inside the kiln which is heated up to about 1,300 ° C., and is generally composed of refractory bricks, ceramic fibers, mineral boards and the like. It is. In the kiln body 1 according to the present invention, the inner kiln 5 which is in direct contact with heat has a thickness (approximately) which is optimal for preventing heat loss inside the kiln and preventing heat conduction to the outside of the kiln body 1. A refractory brick of 11.4 cm is used, and a heat insulating material (mineral wool) having a thickness (about) of about 2.54 cm is provided between the refractory brick and the inner surface of the outer casing 3.
A block K-FAC 19 (trade name) is interposed to cover the entire inner surface. In addition, kiln body 1
In order to hermetically seal the connection and the joint between the back side of the furnace and the protruding part of the chimney formed on the back side of the kiln body, a heat insulating material of about 3.2 mm in thickness (approximately), kao wool fiber gasket ( (Product name). It goes without saying that each of the above-mentioned heat insulating materials can be replaced with another heat insulating material having the same performance.

The refractory bricks constituting the inner kiln 5 generally have low conductivity and excellent heat insulation.
Since it has the property of absorbing heat, it has the drawback that it tends to consume energy, is very fragile, and easily cracks. In the automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention, the inner kiln 5
A heat-reflective coating film having fire resistance and heat resistance is formed on the entire inner surface of the refractory brick, so that the surface strength of the refractory brick is increased and the heat reflectivity is increased to reduce heat loss.

The inner surface of the left and right sides of the inner kiln 5 is formed with a plurality of heater mounting grooves 12 extending in the front-rear direction and forming a pair of right and left sides (see FIGS. 4 and 5). In the example shown,
In order to enable an average temperature rise from the upper part to the lower part of the inner kiln 5, ten heater mounting grooves 12, 12,... At substantially equal intervals in the vertical direction have their openings slightly upward. It is provided in a posture. These heater mounting grooves 1
The heaters 13, 13,... Mounted in 2, 12,.
As shown in FIG. 8, the controller 5 controls the upper side 5 pairs (upper heater) and the lower side 5 pairs (lower heater) separately by the controller controller 14, and the inner side of the inner kiln 5 has a rear wall. Is the upper thermocouple 15 and the lower thermocouple 1 for monitoring the temperature rise rate inside the kiln.
6 are provided. That is, each thermocouple 15, 16
The actual temperature (measured value) of the upper side and the lower side of the inside of the kiln monitored by the heater is compared with the temperature rise rate set in the program, and the upper and lower heaters 13, 13
Are separately driven and controlled, and the temperature difference is corrected and adjusted so that the temperature inside the kiln becomes uniform between the upper and lower portions. This solves the problem that the temperature is higher than the temperature, and enables efficient and uniform heating of the inside of the kiln.

In the automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention, the temperature is controlled so that the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part inside the kiln becomes zero, and the temperature is controlled by a gas supported by a pantograph type elevating device described later. Even with a burner,
It is configured to hold the same function. It should be noted that the temperature difference inside the kiln can be expanded or reduced as needed.

A plurality of heater mounting grooves 12, 12 extending in the front-rear direction are provided in the lower inner surface of the inner kiln 5, and heaters 13, 13 are provided respectively. In the present embodiment, the four heaters 13, 13,... Are controlled and driven by the controller control device 14, and have a structure for correcting a temperature change from the lower wall side due to outside air.

A thermocouple 17 for a safety device is provided as a sensor on a rear inner surface of the inner kiln 5 at a substantially intermediate portion between the upper thermocouple 15 and the lower thermocouple 16. This thermocouple 17
If the temperature inside the kiln continues to rise for some reason, the program automatically operates when the maximum value exceeds 1,350 ° C., and the set program is interrupted.
13 are shut off, so that an accident can be prevented and the kiln body 1 can be prevented from being damaged.

At the upper and lower corners of the inner kiln 5, approximately 45
Are chamfered 18, 18. This chamfer 1
8, 18,... Are used to reflect the temperature at the corners inside the inner kiln 5 to the center of the kiln, thereby improving the heat circulation inside the kiln and making the internal temperature uniform. .

A first exhaust hole 19 penetrating the inner kiln 5 and the outer casing 3 is provided on an upper wall of the kiln body 1, and a second exhaust hole 20 is provided at a lower end of the rear wall. By closing the second exhaust hole 20 and opening the first exhaust hole 19, the flow of the combustion gas is set to an upward flow (updraft), and the first exhaust hole 19 is closed. To reduce the flow of combustion gas to a downward flow (downdraft) by opening the gas, and to enable the so-called "direct flame" or "inverted flame" reduction firing by using a gas burner described later. It is.

The first exhaust hole 19 is provided with a cylindrical upper chimney 21 having a function of preventing dust from dropping from the upper wall of the kiln body 1 so as to be freely attached to and detached from the upper wall. In a state where the first exhaust hole 19 is opened, dust may fall into the inner kiln 5 from above through the first exhaust hole 19 to damage a work or deteriorate firing conditions. The upper chimney 21 having the above-mentioned dust falling prevention function is inserted into the inner kiln 5 to form a substantially hemispherical bottom 21a on the lower end side, and has a gas introduction hole 21c formed in the upper peripheral wall 21b (FIG. 6). The upper chimney 21 has its upper side locked to the upper surface of the upper wall of the kiln main body 1 by a flange portion 21d in a state where the formation portion of the hemispherical bottom portion 21a and the gas introduction hole 21c is inserted into the inner kiln 5. The dust and the like that fall from above the first exhaust hole 19, that is, the upper chimney 21 are accommodated in the hemispherical bottom 21a, and the combustion gas generated in the inner kiln 5 The air is discharged above the upper chimney 21 through the hole 21c, that is, above the first exhaust hole 19.

One or two or more second exhaust holes 20 can be formed at the lower end of the rear wall of the kiln body 1 if desired, and the combustion gas flows along the rear surface of the rear wall of the kiln body 1. The gas is exhausted to the upper part of the kiln body 1 through the side chimney 22 which is formed upright. In addition, this side chimney 22
Is provided with a damper 23, and the second exhaust hole 20
Can be opened and closed (in the direction of arrow C).

[Structure of Opening / Closing Door] The opening / closing door 24 for covering the front opening of the kiln body 1 is fitted in the front opening while sliding in the front-rear direction of the kiln body 1 so as to improve the hermeticity. It is constructed by a diving structure. This opening / closing door 24 is provided inside an external door 25 formed of an iron plate 7 coated with a heat-resistant powder / epoxy resin on the surface, similarly to the kiln body 1.
An inner wall 26 made of fire-resistant bricks is attached via a heat insulating material 4 for preventing heat conduction to the outside of the opening / closing door 24, and a drawer window 27 is opened at a substantially central portion. .
The drawer window 27 is normally covered and sealed by an auxiliary door 29 having a color viewing hole 28 in the center.

The color observation hole 28 is used when judging the temperature inside the kiln during firing based on the inclination state of the goosel cone. Further, the auxiliary door 29 can be used for temporarily taking out the work from the inside of the kiln, for example, in the case of performing a reduction firing such as easy firing or drawer black, without opening the opening / closing door 24 fully in a high temperature state. It is designed to be able to enter and exit works safely. This auxiliary door 29 is provided with fixing thumb screws 30, 30 formed at four corners.
Are tightened so that they can be properly attached to and detached from the opening / closing door 24 by holding the handles 31, 31.

The opening / closing door 24 is structured to be supported by two first and second turning shafts 32 and 33.
That is, the first turning shaft 32 is fixed to the opening edge of the entire opening 1 a of the kiln body 1, and is for giving a rotating motion to the opening / closing door 24 with respect to the kiln body 1, and pivots up and down. A structure in which a substantially central portion of the opening / closing door 24 is rotatably supported by a second pivot shaft 33 fixed to be parallel to the first pivot shaft 32 at the open end sides of the freely mounted door arms 34, 34. It consists of Therefore, the opening and closing door 24 is freely rotated by the first turning shaft 32 with respect to the front opening 1a of the kiln body 1 (arrow D), with the upper and lower edges of the substantially central portion thereof being supported by the second turning shaft 33. Direction), and can be freely rotated (in the direction of arrow E) with respect to the upper and lower door arms 34 by the second pivot shaft 33.

The function of the second pivot shaft 33 allows the opening and closing door 24 to be moved in parallel to the front opening of the kiln body 1, and opens the opening and closing door 24 while pulling it straight forward of the kiln body 1. And can be closed while pushing in parallel to the front opening. Since the opening and closing door 24 can be further rotated in the range of 90 degrees in a completely opened state, the opening and closing operability is impaired even when there is not enough room in the rotating direction of the opening and closing door 24. (See FIG. 3). Further, in order to improve the degree of sealing inside the kiln, a flexible heat-resistant rope is attached to the inner peripheral edge of the opening / closing door 24 to prevent heat and pressure from leaking, and the front opening 1a of the kiln body 1 and the opening / closing door 24 are connected. The stepped portion 35 is formed in the fitting portion of, so that the escape path for heat and pressure is not linear, thereby preventing heat loss.

The opening / closing door 24 is configured so that it can be fastened and fixed by hooks 36 which can be operated at one touch at four locations on the front side thereof.
The degree of tightness of the opening / closing door can be adjusted by appropriately adjusting the degree of tightening. The opening / closing door 24 has handles 37, 37 on the left and right sides on the front side, and, if desired, a door arm 34,
Opening and closing operation can be performed by holding a handle 38 spanned between 34. It should be noted that guide plates 39, 39 for positioning the open / close door 24 are formed on both left and right ends of the open / close door.

[Structure of lift gas burner] Generally, in a firing environment that does not use a flame, the amount of oxygen required for complete firing is in a deficient state. The carbon present generates carbon dioxide gas and performs so-called oxidative firing. For such oxidative firing, in a kiln filled with smoke generated by burning of combustible substances such as gas, oil, or wood,
So-called reduction firing becomes possible in a firing environment where oxygen supply is restricted.

In the automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention, smoke from a gas burner 42 supported by an elevating device 41 provided below the crater 40 formed in the lower wall of the kiln body 1 is introduced into the kiln. Then, the combustion gas required for the reduction firing described above can be filled inside the kiln, and the first exhaust hole 19 and the second exhaust hole 20 can be opened and closed as required to open or close the furnace. It enables flame-type reduction firing.

The elevating device 41 has a so-called pantograph-type configuration, and the terminals of the plurality of connecting arms 43 and the contacts at the center are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft 44 to expand and contract in the vertical direction. The gas burner 42 is disposed between the legs of the stand 2 by attaching the gas burner 42 to the upper end thereof and operating the lever 45 formed on the side up and down. It can be moved up and down along the slide rail 47 of the frame 46 (arrow F direction). The elevating device 41 is constantly urged by a coil spring 48 so as to be pulled up, and the frame 46
The vertical stop position of the gas burner 42 can be adjusted by changing the locking position with respect to the hook 49 formed on the side of the kiln. By changing the locking height of the gas burner 42, the inside of the kiln can be adjusted. It is possible to freely adjust the mixing ratio of the air and gas to be taken and the air pressure inside the kiln (see FIG. 7).

When the gas burner 42 is not used,
It has a structure to cover the lid 50 as shown in FIG.
The lid 50 has a top 50a that can be inserted into the crater 40 formed on the lower wall of the kiln body 1, a flange 50b that extends below the top 50a, and a cap 50c that is drilled to open to the lower surface. The top 50a is inserted into the crater 40 of the kiln body 1 with the cap 50c covered on the upper part of the gas burner 42, and the gas burner 42 is pushed up by the elevating device 41 to raise the flange 50b. Crater 40
The crater 40 can be sealed by pressing against the lower surface of the formation part of the furnace, and the inside of the kiln body 1 is kept in a sealed state during the oxidizing firing without using the gas burner 42 or when the kiln body 1 is not used. can do.

[Controller Function] The automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention is controlled on and off by a controller controller 14 which is easy to operate, and the temperature inside the kiln is constantly monitored and analyzed by a microprocessor, so that it becomes necessary. It is configured to perform an accurate firing process according to a programmed firing process while adjusting the temperature of the upper and lower portions of the inside of the kiln accordingly. Temperature information inside the kiln is detected by the upper and lower thermocouples 15 and 16 described above.

The program setting in the automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention is as follows: 1. Ramp rate (zero rate of temperature rise): The rate of temperature rise at which the kiln is warmed (° C / hour) 2. Hold (aim) temperature: Setting of the temperature at which the ambulation is performed “° C-” Hold time (time): Setting of time to perform time is performed based on the three elements of "hour and minute". When these three elements are set, the procedure shown in FIG. Based on the baking process set in the program, the temperature is adjusted while the heater is turned on and off, and an accurate baking process is performed. When the temperature exceeds the set temperature for some reason, the heater is turned off until the controller controller 14 drops to the original set temperature, and when the temperature in the kiln falls below the set temperature, the heater is turned off again. , And restart the temperature rise in accordance with the initially set program.

Configurable program segment (sets ramp rate, target temperature, target time)
Is not only one type of firing program, but also multiple segments can be input for one program by memory backup function, and it is possible to program complicated firing process including fine temperature setting etc. It is. In addition, an "alarm function" that notifies the user when the temperature rises to a certain temperature and a "timer function" that starts the program at a desired time are added, and the user can set the "memory function". It is also possible to save the program. The program input is configured on an operation panel 51 as shown in FIG.
The operation is performed using twelve input buttons 52 similar to the push-phone-type operation buttons, and each display explanation, temperature display, and the like are shown in a display window 53 for a display.

[Safety Device] FIG. 12 shows a safety device according to the present invention. This safety device operates when the temperature inside the kiln continues to rise beyond the set temperature due to an unexpected reason. The thermocouple 17 for the safety device is firstly set to the maximum value 1, 1, When the temperature of 350 ° C. is detected, the program is automatically interrupted by the controller 14 to cut off the power supply to the heaters 13, 13... To prevent the temperature inside the kiln from exceeding the heat-resistant temperature of the heat insulating material. It has a structure. Further, as a secondary backup system for the electric safety device, a fuse 54 that operates when the electric safety device does not operate properly is installed on the rear wall of the kiln body 1. This fuse 54 has a function of being triggered by the action of electric current and also triggered by high heat, similarly to a known fuse. The power supply connected to ... is turned off.

[0040]

As described above, the automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention comprises a lid for covering the front opening of the kiln main body by a so-called front diving type open / close door. Fits in and out of the opening edge of the opening almost in parallel, opens and closes, and obtains average confidentiality over the entire inner periphery of the opening of the kiln body, as well as the pressure inside the kiln and the amount of carbon monoxide in the air and The environment and conditions for oxidation firing and reduction firing, such as temperature, can be automatically controlled, and the volume of the inner kiln can be increased to facilitate the work in and out.

Further, in the automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention, the temperature information inside the kiln is separately monitored by the controller device on the upper side and the lower side, and the firing temperature inside the kiln is automatically controlled to an appropriate value. With this configuration, the temperature conditions inside the kiln can be made uniform, and the occurrence of temperature unevenness can be prevented.

Further, in the automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention, a first exhaust hole opening upward is opened in an upper wall of a substantially case-shaped kiln body having a crater opening downward in the lower wall, and a lower wall is opened. In the vicinity, a second exhaust hole that opens rearward of the rear wall is opened, and a damper that appropriately opens and closes the second exhaust hole is configured in a side chimney configured outside the second exhaust hole, and the first and the second are appropriately configured. (Ii) opening and closing the exhaust holes, and introducing the smoke into the inner kiln by the gas burner fixed to the upper end of the pantograph type lifting device located below the crater formed on the lower wall of the kiln body Thus, a simple operation and a direct flame type and an inverted flame type reduction firing were made possible by a simple operation.

Further, the automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention does not require a human monitor at all by providing a safety device having a fail-safe function by computer control. The computer automatically performs the entire baking process by inserting it into the furnace, and even if an unexpected event such as abnormal temperature rise occurs, interrupt the program or turn off the power and turn on the temperature inside the kiln. Can be lowered to prevent damage to the kiln and fire.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of an automatic pottery kiln according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3;

5 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view showing the structure of the upper chimney.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged front view of a main part of the pantograph-type elevating device.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a method of controlling the temperature in a kiln.

9 (a) is an enlarged perspective view, and FIG. 9 (b) is an enlarged side view showing a use state of the lid of the gas burner.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a control method by a controller.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing a configuration of a control panel.

FIG. 12 is a schematic explanatory view showing a configuration of a safety device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Kiln main body 2 Stand 3 Outer housing 4 Insulation material 5 Inner kiln 6 Rib 7 Iron plate 8 Reinforcement beam 9 Ventilation hole 10 Aluminum plate 11 Height adjustment means 12 Heater mounting groove 13 Heater 14 Controller control device 15 Upper thermocouple 16 Lower thermocouple Couple 17 Thermocouple 18 Chamfer 19 First exhaust hole 20 Second exhaust hole 21 Upper chimney 22 Side chimney 23 Damper 24 Opening door 25 External door 26 Internal wall 27 Drawer window 28 Color sight hole 29 Auxiliary door 30 Thumb screw 31 Handle 32 First swivel shaft 33 Second swivel shaft 34 Door arm 35 Step 36 Hook 37 Handle 38 Handle 39 Guide plate 40 Tinder 41 Lifting device 42 Gas burner 43 Connecting arm 44 Rotating shaft 45 Lever 46 Frame 47 Slide rail 48 Coil spring 49 hook 50 lid 51 operation panel 52 input button 53 display window 54 fuse

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A first exhaust hole which opens upwardly in an upper wall of a substantially box-shaped kiln body having a crater which opens downwardly on a lower wall, and opens rearwardly on a rear wall near the lower wall. Open a second exhaust hole, configure a damper that opens and closes the second exhaust hole appropriately in the chimney configured outside the second exhaust hole, and attach a front diving type opening and closing door to the front opening of the kiln body Then
A gas burner is fixed to the upper end of the lifting device arranged below the crater, and a controller control device that automatically corrects and controls the temperature inside the kiln to an appropriate value according to the set firing program is provided on the inner wall of the kiln body An automatic pottery kiln characterized by having an upper heater and a lower heater that raise the temperature of the upper half and the lower half of the kiln separately. 2. An inner kiln formed of refractory bricks through a heat insulating material over the entire inner surface of an outer casing in which the kiln body is formed of an iron plate, and a refractory coating is applied to the inner surface of the inner kiln. The automatic pottery kiln according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The automatic pottery kiln according to claim 1, wherein an upper chimney having a function of preventing dust from falling into the kiln is detachably attached to the first exhaust hole. 4. The automatic pottery kiln according to claim 1, wherein a side chimney extending upward along the rear wall surface of the kiln body from the second exhaust hole is formed. 5. The automatic pottery kiln according to claim 1, wherein the second exhaust hole can be freely opened and closed by a damper formed in a side chimney. 6. The automatic pottery kiln according to claim 1, wherein the gas burner is configured to be able to enter and exit the kiln through a crater formed in a lower wall of the kiln body. 7. The heater is buried in a heater mounting groove provided in a refractory brick forming an inner kiln, and is configured such that the temperature is separately controlled on an upper side and a lower side. The automatic pottery kiln according to claim 1, wherein: 8. The automatic pottery kiln according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary door for a drawer window having a color viewing hole is detachably attached to the opening / closing door.