JPH10184273A - Withdrawal/back filling shield tunneling method and shield machine used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a shield tunneling machine capable of surely withdrawing the existing pipe duct to backfill at a low cost within a short period of time by means of non-open excavation method. SOLUTION: A shield machine 1 is inserted in the ground G in the circumferential part of a pipe duct A by a propelling mechanism 6, and the pipe duct A is cut from the inside thereof by a cutting mechanism 4. Cut pieces of the pipe duct A to be cut are taken inward of the pipe duct A and are moved out by a moving mechanism 5, and while withdrawing the pipe duct A, a rear space of a partition wall 3 is filled with a filler C by means of a filling mechanism 7 to back-fill the space.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for removing and backfilling shields suitable for removing and backfilling various sewers buried underground, such as sewer pipes, and a shield machine used therefor. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a new building may be built on land where sewers such as sewer pipes and tunnels are buried underground. In such a case, it is necessary to remove and refill the sewer from the ground, but at this time, at least the same strength as the surrounding ground is obtained to support the foundation of the building to be built later. Must be backfilled.

[0003] Conventionally, the existing sewer is removed in this way.
For backfilling, the so-called open-cutting method is often used, in which the surface of the ground is excavated and the sewer is dug out and removed.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned conventional techniques for removing and backfilling existing existing sewers have the following problems. First, the open-cutting method, which has been frequently used, has a problem that a large amount of excavated soil requires a large amount of labor and labor. This problem,
It becomes more remarkable as the installation depth of the existing sewer is deeper. In addition to this, it will affect the surrounding environment of the ground surface, and if pipes are buried in the ground on or near the road site, it will have a significant effect on traffic during the construction period. Have several problems.

In order to solve such a problem, it has been studied in recent years to apply a so-called shield method to the removal and backfilling of existing pipes. Such a shield method uses a shield machine with a skin plate with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the sewer to be removed, and crushes the existing sewer with a crushing mechanism such as a roller bit provided in this shield machine. Meanwhile, the sewer is removed by propelling this shield machine.

However, when the shield method is employed, the following problems remain. In other words, if the existing sewer is made of a concrete material, the crushing mechanism such as a roller bit wears quickly, and it takes time and effort to replace the crushing mechanism, resulting in a longer construction period and a higher cost.
Further, if the existing sewer is made of a metal-based material, it cannot be crushed by a crushing mechanism such as a roller bit, so that it is difficult to apply the shield method itself.

[0007] In addition, when the shield method is adopted, the existing sewer is crushed, so that the debris is removed after crushing, and the influence on the surrounding ground due to vibration during crushing cannot be ignored.

[0008] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and the existing pipes can be removed and backfilled by a non-cutting method with a low cost and a short construction period.
It is an object to provide a backfill shield method and a shield machine used therefor.

[0009]

The invention according to claim 1 is
A method for removing and backfilling a sewer buried underground, wherein a shield machine provided with a skin plate having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the sewer is provided by a propulsion means on an outer peripheral portion of the sewer. A first step of inserting the sewer into the ground, a second step of cutting the sewer from the inside thereof by a cutting mechanism provided in the skin plate, and cutting the cut piece of the sewer into the skin plate A third step of removing the sewer by taking it inward of the sewer by the discharge mechanism provided therein and discharging it forward, and a rear of a partition wall provided to close the skin plate, A fourth step of backfilling the space by filling the space from which the sewer was removed with a filler by a filling mechanism.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the removing and backfilling shield method according to the first aspect, a towing rod having one end fixed to the partition wall of the shield machine is used as the propulsion means. The shield machine is propelled by towing the other end of the shield machine by a traction device disposed in front of the shield machine in the propulsion direction.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the removal and backfill shield method according to the first aspect, the propulsion means includes a propulsion jack provided on the shield machine and driven to expand and contract along the propulsion direction. A gripper provided at the tip of the propulsion jack and pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the sewer is used.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shield machine used for removing and backfilling a sewer buried underground, wherein the shield machine has an inner diameter larger than an outer diameter of the sewer. , A propulsion mechanism for inserting the skin plate into the ground at an outer peripheral portion of the sewer and propelling the same, and a cutting mechanism provided in the skin plate for cutting the sewer from the inside thereof And, provided in the skin plate, the cut piece of the cut culvert,
A discharge mechanism that takes in the inside of the sewer and discharges it forward, a partition provided behind the skin plate to close the skin plate, and a space behind the partition, from which the sewer has been removed. And a filling mechanism for filling the filling material.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, first and second embodiments of a removal and backfill shield method according to the present invention and a shield machine used for the method will be described with reference to FIGS.

[First Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows a state in which a sewer such as an existing sewer pipe buried underground is removed and backfilled. Is a ground, A is an existing pipe constructed of, for example, concrete pipe, ductile cast iron pipe or the like buried in the ground G, 1 is a shield machine used for removing and backfilling the pipe A,
Are respectively shown.

The shield machine 1 has a cylindrical skin plate 2 forming an outer shell, a disk-shaped partition wall 3 for closing the inside of the skin plate 2, and a cutting mechanism 4 for cutting the sewer A.
A discharge mechanism 5 for unloading the cut pieces of the culvert A, a propulsion mechanism (propulsion means) 6 for propelling the shield machine 1, and a backfilling space after the culvert A is removed. And a filling mechanism 7.

The skin plate 2 has an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the existing sewer A, and a jet nozzle 10 for jetting water or the like to agitate the ground G at the tip thereof. A seal member 11 is provided to close a gap between the existing pipe A and the outer peripheral surface.

The partition 3 is provided at the rear end of the skin plate 2 and is in front of the partition 3 (to the left in FIG. 1).
, A main beam 12 extending parallel to the central axis of the skin plate 2 is attached.

The cutting mechanism 4 has a configuration in which a wall saw 14 is provided on the main beam 12 via a wall saw driving mechanism 15. Wall saw drive mechanism 15
A rotating member 16 rotatably provided around the axis of the main beam 12;
The slide cylinder 17 slides at a predetermined stroke in the direction of the axis 2, the telescopic cylinder 18 provided integrally with the rotating member 16 and drives the wall saw 14 to expand and contract in the radial direction of the skin plate 2, and the direction of the wall saw 14 is changed. And a rotation actuator 19 that rotates 90 °.

Thus, the wall saw 14 is movable in the circumferential direction of the skin plate 2 and in the direction along the axis of the skin plate 2.
Can move back and forth in the radial direction.
It can be changed by 0 ゜.

The ejecting mechanism 5 is provided with a holder 20 such as a hook.
Are movably provided along the guide rail 21. The guide rail 21 is connected to the main beam 12.
And is provided so as to extend not only into the skin plate 2 but also into the existing pipe A in the forward direction (left side in FIG. 1) in the propulsion direction.

The propulsion mechanism 6 comprises a plurality of tow rods 23, one end of which is detachably fixed to the partition wall 3, and a tow device (not shown) for tow these tow rods 23. The towing device (not shown) is provided, for example, in a shaft (not shown) excavated at a reaching point of a section where the existing duct A is to be removed. In such a propulsion mechanism 6, the shield machine 1 is propelled by towing the towing rod 23 by a towing device (not shown).

The filling mechanism 7 has a configuration in which an injection pipe 25 is mounted on the front side of the partition wall 3 in the propulsion direction, and a through hole (not shown) is formed in the partition wall 3 at a position corresponding to the injection pipe 25. ing. Then, by supplying the filler C to the injection pipe 25 by a hose (not shown), the injection pipe 25 is
The filler C is injected into the partition wall 3 from the rear in the propulsion direction. At this time, as the filler C, for example, cement milk, mortar, or a mixture of these with earth and sand, which can obtain the same strength as the surrounding ground G, is appropriately used.

Next, a description will be given of a method of removing and backfilling the existing culvert A using the shield machine 1 having the above configuration.

First, a shaft (not shown) is excavated at both ends of the section from which the sewer A is to be removed. Then, the part of the pipe A exposed in the shaft (not shown) is removed. Any method of removing the sewer A used at this time may be used.

Next, after the shield machine 1 is suspended in the shaft on the starting side (not shown), the shield machine 1 is suspended from the shaft (not shown).
To the end of the duct A exposed on the side wall surface of the pipe. Further, a traction device (not shown) of the propulsion mechanism 6 is installed in an arrival shaft (not shown), and one end of the traction rod 23 is fixed to the partition wall 3 of the shield machine 1.

(First Step) Thereafter, first, water or the like is jetted from the jet nozzle 10 at the tip of the skin plate 2 to soften the ground G on the outer peripheral portion of the pipe A, and By pulling the pulling rod 23 with a pulling device (not shown), the skin plate 2 of the shield machine 1 is connected to the sewer A.
Is inserted into the ground G on the outer peripheral side.

(Second Step) Then, skin plate 2
When the predetermined length is inserted into the ground G from the shaft (not shown), the cutting and removing of the conduit A inside the skin plate 2 is started. First, the wall saw 1 of the cutting mechanism 4
By operating the rotating member 16 around the axis of the main beam 12 by a driving source (not shown) while operating the rotating member 4 and extending it to the outer peripheral side by the telescopic cylinder 18 of the wall saw driving mechanism 15, A is cut in the circumferential direction from the inside. Thereby, the sewer A is in a so-called "round-cut" state.

Subsequently, after the wall saw 14 is rotated by 90 ° by the rotary actuator 19, the wall saw 14 is moved along the axial direction of the main beam 12 by the slide cylinder 17, so that the sewer A is aligned with its axis. Cut parallel. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the cutting operation is performed at five locations so that the pipe A cut in the “round section” is divided into, for example, five. The work order is, for example, as shown in FIG. As a result, the pipe A that has been “round-cut” is further “divided into a plurality in the circumferential direction”. In addition, during the cutting operation of the sewer A, the traction rod 2
3 is removed from the partition 3.

(Third Step) The cut piece A ′ of the cut pipe A is suspended by a wire or the like (not shown) on the holder 20 of the discharge mechanism 5 shown in FIG. As a result, the water is discharged between the shafts on the arrival side (not shown). As a result, the predetermined length of the pipe A in the skin plate 2 has been removed.

(Fourth Step) Thereafter, in the same manner as above, the shield machine 1 is propelled by the propulsion mechanism 6 toward the ground G on the outer peripheral side of the sewer A in a portion not yet removed. Let it. The filling mechanism 7 injects the filling material C into the space on the rear side of the partition wall 3 where the removal of the sewer A has been completed, thereby filling the space.

Thereafter, the first to fourth steps, ie, insertion of the shield machine 1 by the propulsion mechanism 6,
Each operation of cutting the sewer A by the cutting mechanism 4, discharging the cut pieces A 'of the sewer A by the discharge mechanism 5, and backfilling by the filling mechanism 7 is sequentially repeated, and removing the sewer A in a predetermined section. Backfill.

In the above-mentioned removal and backfill shield method, the shield machine 1 is inserted into the ground G on the outer peripheral portion of the culvert A by the propulsion mechanism 6, and the culvert A is cut from the inside by the cutting mechanism 4. While the cut piece A 'of the cut pipe A is taken into the pipe A by the discharge mechanism 5 and discharged, the pipe A is removed, and the space behind the partition wall 3 is filled with the filling mechanism 7. The space is backfilled by filling with the filler C. In this way, the existing duct A is removed while being cut, and the space to be backfilled is filled with the filler C, so that the conventional method does not use the open-cutting method and the shield method. Existing culvert A can be removed and backfilled without breaking culvert A. This makes it possible to reliably remove and backfill the culvert A in a short period of time and at low cost, regardless of the material of the culvert A and without affecting the surrounding environment of the ground surface.

In the first embodiment, there is no intention to limit the installation position of the traction device (not shown) of the propulsion mechanism 6 to the reaching shaft (not shown) on the arrival side. If no) can be securely fixed, another location such as inside the sewer A in front of the propulsion direction may be used.

[Second Embodiment] Next, a second embodiment of the removal and backfill shield method according to the present invention and a shield machine used therefor will be described. here,
A description will be given using an example in which a gripper is used as the propulsion unit. In the second embodiment described below, the only difference from the first embodiment is the propulsion means, and the other parts of the shield excavator 1 have the same configuration and construction method. Therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3, the shield excavator 1 '
Are a skin plate 2, a partition 3, a cutting mechanism 4, a discharge mechanism 5, a filling mechanism 7, and a propulsion mechanism (propulsion means) 31.
It is schematically composed of

The propulsion mechanism 31 includes a plurality of propulsion jacks 3.
2 and a gripper 33. Each propulsion jack 32 has a base end attached to the main beam 12 via a bracket 34, and the shield machine 1 '
Is driven to expand and contract in a direction along the propulsion direction. A gripper 33 is provided at the tip of the propulsion jack 32 via a bracket 35. The gripper 33 is provided at the distal end of two telescopic jacks 36 that are telescopic in the radial direction of the shield machine 1 ′.
Each is provided with a substantially disk-shaped grip member 37.

With such a propulsion mechanism 31, the shield machine 1 '
In order to propel the telescopic jack 3 of the gripper 33
The propulsion jack 32 is contracted in a state where the grip members 37, 37 are pushed up and down, for example, on the inner wall surface of the existing conduit A by extending the extension 6, 36. After the propulsion of the shield machine 1 ′, the telescopic jacks 36, 36 are contracted to separate the grip members 37, 37 from the inner wall surface of the culvert A, and the propulsion jack 32 is extended, so that the gripper 33 is repositioned forward. .

The shield machine 1 'provided with the propulsion mechanism 31
In order to remove and refill the existing culvert A, the culvert A is cut by the cutting mechanism 4 from the inside thereof in the same manner as described in the first embodiment. By taking the cut piece A ′ into the inside of the conduit A by the discharge mechanism 5 and discharging the same, the space behind the partition 3 is filled with the filler C by the filling mechanism 7 while removing the conduit A. To fill the space. At this time, only the point that the shield machine 1 'is propelled by the propulsion mechanism 31 is different from the method described in the first embodiment.

In the above-mentioned removal and back-filling shield method, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, by using the gripper 33 for the propulsion mechanism 31, it is not necessary to fix the traction device unlike the propulsion mechanism 6 in the first embodiment, and the construction can be performed even when the length of the conduit A to be removed is long. Can be easily performed.

In the first and second embodiments, the construction of the shield machines 1 and 1 'is not limited to the above, and the existing pipe A is cut and removed. If necessary, another configuration may be adopted.
In particular, the tip of the towing rod 23 shown in the first embodiment may be fixed to the bracket 34 shown in the second embodiment. It becomes possible to arrange the removal operation of the towing rod 23 inside. Further, as for the existing sewer A to be removed, the material thereof, the cross-sectional shape and the like are not questioned at all, and the sewer A is not limited to the sewer pipe but may be a tunnel or the like. Furthermore, filler C
The material may be appropriately selected according to the strength of the ground G required after backfilling.

In addition, as the propulsion means, the traction rod 23 is used in the first embodiment and the gripper 33 is used in the second embodiment. What is necessary is just to select suitably according to length etc. For example, the tow rod 23 is suitable for a case where the section of the sewer A to be removed is short because its mechanism is simple, and the gripper 33 is provided for the sewer A to be removed because the remounting is easy. This is suitable when the section is long.

Other than this, it goes without saying that other configurations such as construction procedures may be adopted as long as they do not depart from the gist of the present invention.

[0043]

As described above, according to the removal and back-filling shield method according to the first aspect, the shield machine is inserted into the outer periphery of the sewer by the propulsion means, and the sewer is cut by the cutting mechanism. Is cut from the inside of the pipe, the cut piece of the cut pipe is taken into the inside of the pipe by the discharge mechanism, and the pipe is removed by discharging it forward. The removed space is filled with a filler by a filling mechanism to fill the space back. Claim 2
According to the removal and backfill shield method according to the above, the propulsion means uses a towing rod having one end fixed to the partition wall, and the shield machine is propelled by towing the other end of the towing rod with a towing device. ing. further,
According to the removal and backfill shield method according to claim 3,
As the propulsion means, a gripper pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the sewer and a propulsion jack are used. In this way, the existing sewer is removed while being cut, and the space to be backfilled is filled with a filler, so that the shield method can be used without using the conventional open-cutting method. Existing culverts can be removed and backfilled without breaking the culvert. This makes it possible to reliably remove and refill the sewer in a short period of time and at low cost, regardless of the material of the sewer and without affecting the surrounding environment of the ground surface.

According to the shield machine of the fourth aspect, a skin plate having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the sewer, a propulsion mechanism, a cutting mechanism for cutting the sewer from the inside, and a cut sewer. A discharge mechanism that takes in the cut pieces into the inside of the sewer and discharges it forward, a partition wall, and a configuration provided with a filling mechanism for filling the space with the removed sewer behind the partition wall with the filler. Has become. This makes it possible to realize the removal and backfill shield method according to claims 1 to 3, and the above-described effects can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an example of a removal and backfill shield method according to the present invention and a shield machine used therein.

FIG. 2 is an elevational sectional view and a perspective view showing a state in which a sewer is cut by the removal and backfill shield method.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing another example of the removal and backfill shield method according to the present invention and a shield machine used therein.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield machine 2 Skin plate 3 Partition wall 4 Cutting mechanism 5 Discharge mechanism 6,31 Propulsion mechanism (propulsion means) 7 Filling mechanism 23 Traction rod 32 Propulsion jack 33 Gripper A Sewer C Filling material G Ground

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method of removing and refilling a sewer buried underground, wherein a shield machine provided with a skin plate having an inner diameter larger than an outer diameter of the sewer is propelled by the propulsion means. A first step of inserting the culvert into the ground at an outer peripheral portion thereof, a second step of cutting the culvert from the inside thereof with a cutting mechanism provided in the skin plate, and a cut piece of the cut culvert A third step of removing the sewer by taking it into the sewer by the discharge mechanism provided in the skin plate and discharging it forward, and closing the skin plate. And a fourth step of backfilling the space after the partition wall by filling the space from which the sewer was removed with a filling mechanism by a filling mechanism. . 2. The removal and backfill shield method according to claim 1, wherein the propulsion means uses a tow rod having one end fixed to the partition wall of the shield machine, and the other end of the tow rod is connected to the propulsion means. A removal and back-filling shield method, wherein the shield machine is propelled by towing by a towing device disposed on the front side in the propulsion direction of the shield machine. 3. The removal and backfill shield method according to claim 1, wherein the propulsion means includes a propulsion jack provided on the shield machine and driven to expand and contract along a propulsion direction thereof, and a tip end of the propulsion jack. And a back-filling shield method, characterized in that a gripper provided on the inner wall of the pipe and pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the sewer is used. 4. A shield machine used for removing and backfilling a sewer buried in the ground, comprising: a skin plate having an inner diameter larger than an outer diameter of the sewer. A propulsion mechanism for inserting and propelling the skin plate into the ground at an outer peripheral portion of the sewer, a cutting mechanism provided in the skin plate for cutting the sewer from the inside thereof, A discharge mechanism that is provided with a cut piece of the cut sewer, takes in the inside of the sewer, and discharges this forward.
A partition wall provided behind the skin plate to block the inside of the skin plate, and a filling mechanism for filling the space behind the partition wall with the filler removed from the filling space are provided. Features a shield machine.