JPH10176478A - Cutting edge for shaft excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To carry out accurate and efficient execution of work for excavation of a shaft in a large diameter for burying a caisson at a great depth. SOLUTION: Drum cutters 62, 62 of an excavator move in the direction of radius of a rotary frame 44 with oil hydraulic cylinders 46, 46 for driving horizontal sliders driven, and the tilt angle therefor varies with oil hydraulic cylinders 52, 52 for driving swing frames driven. Therefore, the position of excavation can be set optionally for the drum cutters 62, 62 by adjusting the amount of driving for the oil hydraulic cylinders 46, 46 for driving horizontal sliders and the oil hydraulic cylinders 52, 52 for driving swing frames. Because of this, excavation can be executed easily even for a part at the lower end of a caisson.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shaft excavator, and more particularly to a shaft excavator for excavating a shaft having a large hole diameter and a large depth.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional shaft excavation methods include a method using a Venoto method and a method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-54114. In the case of the Venoto method, while the caisson is being press-fitted, earth and sand in the caisson are discharged by a clam bucket and a shaft is excavated.

On the other hand, the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-54114 attaches a rotary cutter to the tip of a cutter boom that swings while swinging, and excavates the bottom of the hole with the rotary cutter to excavate a shaft. Things.

[0004]

However, in the excavation by the above-mentioned Venoto method, when excavating a shaft with a large hole diameter (5 to 20 m) using a caisson having a thick wall, excavation of the tip portion (cutting edge portion) of the caisson is performed. However, there is a disadvantage that the cutting edge resistance increases and it takes time to press-fit.

[0005] Further, since it is impossible to press-fit with a proper load, the caisson is meandering, and there is a disadvantage that the installation accuracy is reduced. On the other hand, in the excavation by the construction method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-54114, since the bottom of the hole must be excavated over the entire surface, the excavation efficiency is poor, and it is not suitable for excavating a large-diameter shaft. There is.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a shaft excavator capable of accurately and efficiently excavating a shaft having a large hole diameter and a large depth. .

[0007]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, an excavator is inserted and installed at the tip of a caisson, and the excavator excavates the ground under the caisson blade while removing the caisson. In a shaft shaft excavator for press-fitting and excavating a shaft having a predetermined depth, the excavator is provided in the table device and the table device, and presses an inner wall of the caisson to hold the table device in the caisson. Holding means, a rotating frame provided on the table device and rotatably supported, a driving means for rotating the rotating frame, and a driving means provided on the rotating frame and slidably movable in a radial direction of the rotating frame. A supported horizontal cylinder, driving means for sliding the horizontal cylinder, and provided on the horizontal cylinder, with respect to the rotating frame. An oscillating frame that oscillates in a vertical plane, driving means for oscillating the oscillating frame, and a feed cylinder provided on the oscillating frame and slidably supported along the oscillating frame; And a driving device for sliding the feed cylinder, a cutter device supported by the feed cylinder, and a driving device for rotating a drum cutter of the cutter device.

According to the present invention, the cutter device of the excavator moves the horizontal cylinder in the radial direction of the rotating frame by moving the position of the horizontal cylinder, and swings the swinging frame, thereby tilting the swinging frame. Is variable. Therefore, by adjusting the position of the horizontal cylinder and the inclination angle of the swing frame, the cutter device can freely set the excavation position.

[0009]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a vertical shaft excavator according to the present invention. FIG.
1 is a side view showing a configuration of an embodiment of a shaft shaft excavator according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG.
0 is an excavator 14 for excavating the shaft 12 and a caisson 1
6 comprises a press-fitting device 18 for press-fitting and a tower 20 for suspending the excavator 14. The tower 20
Is slidably supported on a guide rail 22 laid on the ground, and by moving on the guide rail 22, an excavation position (a position indicated by a solid line in FIG. 1) and a standby position (two points in the diagram) (The position indicated by the broken line). At the top of this tower 20, a power sheave 24 is provided.
A running block 28 is suspended from the power sheave 24 via a wire rope 26. Also,
The wire rope 26 for suspending the running block 28 is connected to a hoisting device (not shown) mounted on the scaffold 20, and by driving the hoisting device, the running block 28 moves up and down.

The press-fitting device 18 includes a pressure girder 30 and a plurality of main pushing jacks 32, 3 provided on the pressure girder 30.
The pressure girder 30 has jacks 36, 36,... On a guide wall 34 buried on the ground.
Is installed through. The jack 36 has an anchor 37 stretched underground. In addition, each original push jack 3
Are arranged on the same circumference as the lower part of the pressure girder 30. The upper end of the caisson 16 is pressed by the main pushing jacks 32, 32,. Pressed into.

The caisson 16 has a cylindrical formwork 38 provided below the main push jacks 32, 32,...
It is constructed by pouring concrete and solidifying it. Then, the solidified concrete is pressed into the ground by pressing the upper part of the concrete with the main push jacks 32, 32,. In addition, the caisson can be formed by joining the manufactured segments.

The excavator 14 has an octagonal table device 40 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and four grip jacks 42 are provided on the outer periphery of the table device 40. , 42,... Are arranged at equal intervals.
The grip jack 42 is driven by a cylinder and presses the inner wall of the caisson 16 to
The table device 40 is held in the caisson 16.

A rotating frame 44 is rotatably supported below the table device 40. The rotating frame 44 is driven by four oil motors 45, 45,... Mounted on the table device 40, and is rotated via a gear reduction device (not shown). The rotating frame 4
Guides (not shown) are provided along both sides of the rotating frame 44 on both sides of the 4, and a horizontal slider 47 is slidably supported.

The horizontal slider 47 is provided with horizontal slider driving cylinders 46, 46, and the rod ends of the horizontal slider driving cylinders 46, 46 are provided at the distal end of the rotating frame 44. It is fixed to brackets 48, 48. Therefore, the horizontal slider driving cylinders 46 slide along the rotating frame 44 by extending and contracting their rods.

The cylinder 4 for driving the horizontal slider
Swing frames 50 and 50 and swing frame driving cylinders 52 and 52 are supported by pins at the lower portions of the main bodies 6 and 46, respectively, so as to be swingable. The distal ends of the rods of the swing frame driving cylinders 52, 52 are connected to brackets 54, 54 provided near the center of the swing frames 50, 50 by pins. As a result, the swing frames 50, 50 swing about the connecting portions 49 with the horizontal slider drive cylinders 46, by expanding and contracting the rods of the swing frame drive cylinders 52, 52. .

The swing frames 50, 50 are provided with feed cylinders 56, 56, respectively. The distal ends of the rods of the feed cylinders 56, 56 are fixed to brackets 58, 58 fixed near the upper ends of the swing frames 50, 50. Therefore, the feed cylinders 56 move vertically along the swing frames 50 by extending and contracting the rods.

The feed cylinders 56, 56 include:
Drive devices 60, 60 are provided guided by a guide (not shown). The driving devices 60, 60 are provided with drum cutters 62, 62, and the driving device 60 and the drum cutter 62 constitute a cutter device. The drum cutters 62, 62 are driven by an oil motor (not shown) provided in the driving device 60 to rotate.

The excavator 14 configured as described above is suspended from the running block 28 by a hanger 29 as shown in FIG. The operation of the embodiment of the shaft excavator according to the present invention configured as described above is as follows. First, a shaft 12 having a desired depth is excavated at a site to be excavated using a hammer club bucket or the like. Then, the caisson 16 equipped with the cutting edge 64 at the tip is built into the excavated shaft 12 by the press-fitting device 18.

Next, the shaft 1 in which the caisson 16 is built
The bottom of the second hole is excavated again to a predetermined depth using a hammer club bucket or the like, and the preceding excavation pit 66 is excavated. In addition,
At this time, excavation is performed so that the hole diameter of the preceding excavation pit 66 is smaller than the inner diameter of the caisson 16. Next, a tower 20 is placed above the shaft 12 in which the caisson 16 is built.
And the excavator 14 is inserted from above the caisson 16. Then, the reaction force receiver (not shown) provided on the caisson 16 is pressed by the grip jacks 42, 42,..., And the table device 40 is fixed in the caisson 16.

Next, the table device 40 is a caisson 1
6, the drum cutters 62, 62
Set the excavation position. Here, the drum cutters 62, 62 include a horizontal slider driving cylinder 46,
By driving the cylinder 46, the cylinder 46 moves in the width direction of the preceding excavation pit 66, and the rocking frame driving cylinder 56,
By driving 56, the inclination angle is variable,
The excavation position is set by driving these cylinders. Then, when the setting of the excavation position is completed, the excavation is started.

In the excavation, first, an oil motor (not shown) of the driving devices 60 and 60 is driven to drive the drum cutter 6.
Are rotated, and the oil motors 45, 45,... Mounted on the table device 40 are driven to rotate the rotating frame 44. As a result, the drum cutters 62 rotate while revolving, and the feed cylinders 56 are driven in this state.

When the feed cylinders 56, 56 are driven, the rotating and revolving drum cutters 62, 6
2 moves toward the tip end of the swing frames 50, 50. Thus, the rotating and revolving drum cutters 62 excavate the ground at the cutting edge 64 of the caisson 16. When the rods of the feed cylinders 56, 56 have been extended by a predetermined amount, the feed cylinders 5
The driving of 6, 56 is stopped. In this state, the drum cutters 62, 62 enter the lower part of the cutting edge 64 provided at the tip of the caisson 16, and while maintaining this state, push the upper end of the caisson 16 into the original jacks 32, 32, ... to press-fit the caisson 16.

When the caisson 16 is press-fitted, the excavator 14 held at the tip end of the caisson 16 also moves at the same time, whereby the excavation proceeds. Then, the original push jacks 32, 32 for press-fitting the caisson 16 are provided.
When… has been extended by a predetermined amount, the excavation work is temporarily suspended,
A new caisson 16 is added on top of the press-fit caisson 16. That is, a new caisson 16 is added by pouring concrete into the formwork 38 and solidifying it. Then, when the caisson 16 is solidified, the excavation work is restarted again, and the same operation is repeated to excavate the shaft 12 having a predetermined depth.

The drum cutters 62, 62
The excavated earth and sand 67 of the shaft 12 excavated by gravity falls by its own weight and is discharged into the preceding excavation shaft 66. Therefore, after excavation to some extent, it is necessary to discharge the excavated earth 67 discharged into the preceding excavation pit 66 to the ground.
This discharging operation is performed as follows. That is, first, the feed cylinders 56, 56 and the horizontal slider driving cylinders 46, 46 are driven to retract and reduce the diameter of the drum cutters 62, 62 from the leading ends of the swing frames 50, 50. Next, the rods of the grip jacks 42, 42, ... are contracted, and the holding of the table device 40 is released. Then, when the holding of the table device 40 is released, the excavator 14 is pulled up from the caisson 16.

When the excavator 14 is lifted to the ground, the tower 20 is moved from the excavation position shown by the solid line in FIG. 1 to the standby position shown by the two-dot broken line in FIG. As a result, the upper part of the built caisson 16 is opened, and the excavated earth and sand 67 discharged from the opening into the preceding excavation pit 66 is discharged using a hammer ram bucket or the like. Then, when the earth removal is completed, the tower 20 is returned to the original excavation position again, and the excavation is resumed by the above-described procedure.

Hereinafter, excavation proceeds while repeating earth removal and excavation as necessary. The desired shaft is excavated. At the time of excavation, the drum cutter 62,
Widening excavation is performed by changing the position of 62.
That is, in order for the caisson 16 to be press-fitted stably, the caisson 16 pressed by the original push jacks 32, 32, ... needs to be press-fitted with an appropriate load. Whether or not the caisson 16 is press-fitted with an appropriate load depends on the excavation diameter excavated by the drum cutters 62, 62.
Therefore, by driving the feed cylinders 56, 56 to change the positions of the drum cutters 62, 62, the revolution radius of the drum cutters 62, 26 is changed, and the diameter of the shaft 12 to be excavated is adjusted.

For example, when a load greater than the specified load is applied to the tip of the caisson 16, the drum cutters 62, 62 are moved toward the tip of the swing frames 50, 50 to revolve the drum cutters 62, 62. Increase the radius. On the other hand, when the load applied to the tip of the caisson 16 is smaller than the prescribed load, the drum cutters 62, 62 are retracted from the tips of the swing frames 50, 50 to reduce the revolution radius of the drum cutters 62, 62.

The diameters can be increased by operating the horizontal slider driving cylinders 46, 46.
Thereby, the caisson 16 is press-fitted with an appropriate load, and the caisson 16 can be press-fitted accurately and stably. The load applied to the tip of the caisson 16 is measured by a load sensor (not shown) provided at the tip of the caisson 16. The control means (not shown) calculates the optimum revolving radius of the drum cutters 62, 62 from this measurement result, and automatically adjusts the positions of the drum cutters 62, 62.

As described above, according to the shaft shaft excavator 10 of the present embodiment, the caisson 16 can be accurately and stably press-fitted even in a shaft with a large depth and a large diameter. . In addition, since the configuration is simple, the weight is light, and the ground equipment can be reduced in size and simplified.

Further, since the excavator 14 is held in the caisson 16 by the grip jack 42 and receives the excavation reaction force by the grip jack 42, if the wire holds only the weight of the excavator 14, Get better. Therefore, the ground equipment can be reduced in size and simplified. FIG. 4 is a side view showing a configuration of another embodiment of the excavator. Note that the same or similar members as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 4, a pair of vertical frames 70, 70 are provided vertically downward near both ends of the rotating frame 44. Guide rails 72, 72 are provided near the upper ends of the vertical frames 70, 70, and the elevating slider 7 moves on the guide rails 72, 72.
4, 74 are slidably supported. The lifting sliders 74, 74 are mounted on the vertical frames 70, 7,
0 are connected to the rods of cylinders 76 for driving the lifting slider, which are arranged near the upper end of the cylinder. Therefore, by driving the lift slider driving cylinders 76, 76, the lift sliders 74, 74 are driven.
Moves up and down along the vertical frames 70, 70.

Holding frames 78, 78 are swingably supported by the lifting sliders 74, 74 by pins. The distal ends of the holding frames 78, 78 are connected to the distal ends of the rods of the holding frame swing driving cylinders 80, 80 by pins, and the base ends of the holding frame swing driving cylinders 80, 80 are The upper ends of the vertical frames 70, 70 are swingably supported by pins.

As a result, the holding frame 78 oscillates around the connecting portion with the lifting sliders 74 by driving the holding frame oscillating drive cylinders 80, 80. , 74 are driven to swing about the connecting portions with the holding frame swing driving cylinders 80, 80. The excavator body 14 is provided with the holding frames 78, 7 which swing as described above.
8.

Excavation by the excavator constructed as described above is performed as follows. First, the oil motors of the driving devices 60, 60 are driven, and the drum cutters 62, 62 are driven.
To rotate. At the same time, the oil motors 45, 45,... Mounted on the table device 40 are driven to rotate the rotating frame 44. As a result, the drum cutters 62 revolve while revolving, and in this state, drive the lift slider driving cylinders 76, 76 and the holding frame swing driving cylinders 80, 80.

The cylinder 7 for driving the lifting slider
6, 76 and a holding frame swing drive cylinder 80;
When the drum cutter 80 is driven, the drum cutters 62, 62
Since the orbital radius of the drum cutter is increased while tilting, the rotating and revolving drum cutters 62 abut against the hole wall of the preceding excavation pit 66, and the hole wall is excavated. Since the revolving radius of the drum cutters 62, 62 can be freely changed, the revolving radius of the drum cutters 62, 62 is changed in accordance with the load applied to the blade port 66 in the same manner as described above. Similarly, the caisson 16 can always be press-fitted with an appropriate load. Therefore,
Also in the excavator of the present embodiment, it is possible to accurately and stably press-fit the caisson 16 when excavating a shaft with a large depth and a large diameter.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The inside of the caisson is excavated with a club hammer with good soil discharging properties, and the lower ground of the caisson blade is excavated with a suspended down-the-hole type drum cutter type excavator, so a large hole diameter,
In addition to being able to cope with large depths and hard ground, it is possible to excavate shafts accurately and stably by the widening excavation mechanism.
Also, dry excavation becomes possible by reducing the weight of the apparatus and using the club hammer in combination, thereby shortening the construction period and reducing costs.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a configuration of an embodiment of a shaft shaft excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the excavator.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the configuration of another embodiment of the excavator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Vertical shaft excavator 12 ... Vertical shaft 14 ... Excavator 16 ... Caisson 18 ... Press-in apparatus 20 ... Yagura 40 ... Table apparatus 42 ... Grip jack 44 ... Rotating frame 46 ... Horizontal slider driving cylinder 50 ... Swing frame 52 ... Oscillating frame drive cylinder 56 ... Feed cylinder 60 ... Drive device 62 ... Drum cutter 70 ... Vertical frame 74 ... Elevating slider 76 ... Elevating slider driving cylinder 78 ... Holding frame 80 ... Holding frame swing driving cylinder

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Takeshi Sakae 1-25-1, Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Taisei Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor, Mitsuru Kaneko 1-25, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo No. 1 Taisei Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Kenichi Kaneko Inventor 1-25-1, Nishi Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Taisei Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hitoshi Kitayama 11-1, Kitahama-cho, Chita-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inside the Aichi Factory of Heavy Industries, Ltd. (72) Yoshinari Toyama Inventor, 3-1-1-15 Toyoshu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries, Ltd. No. 6-17 Toneuchi Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshifumi Mizuno 6-17, Meguro 1-chome, Meguro-ku, Tokyo

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A vertical shaft excavator in which an excavator is inserted and installed at the tip of a caisson, and while excavating the lower ground of the caisson blade, the caisson is press-fitted to excavate a shaft at a predetermined depth. The excavator is provided on the table device; holding means for pressing the inner wall of the caisson to hold the table device in the caisson; and being provided on the table device and rotatably supported. A rotating frame, a driving unit for rotating the rotating frame, a horizontal cylinder provided on the rotating frame and supported to be slidable in a radial direction of the rotating frame, and a driving unit for sliding the horizontal cylinder. A swing frame provided on the horizontal cylinder and swinging in a plane perpendicular to the rotating frame; Drive means for swinging a frame, a feed cylinder provided on the swing frame and slidably supported along the swing frame, a drive means for sliding the feed cylinder, and a feed cylinder. A shaft shaft excavator, comprising: a supported cutter device; and driving means for rotating a drum cutter of the cutter device. 2. A vertical shaft excavator in which an excavator is inserted and installed at the tip of a caisson, and while excavating the lower ground of the caisson blade, the caisson is press-fitted to excavate a shaft at a predetermined depth. The excavator includes: a table device; holding means provided on the table device for pressing an inner wall of the caisson to hold the table device in the caisson; and a rotation rotatably supported by the table device. A frame, a driving means for rotating the rotating frame, a vertical frame provided vertically to an end of the rotating frame, and a lifting / lowering provided on the vertical frame and slidably supported along the vertical frame. A cylinder; a driving unit that slides the lift cylinder; and a holding frame that is swingably supported by the lift cylinder; A shaft shaft excavator, comprising: a driving unit that swings and drives the holding frame; a cutter device supported by the holding frame; and a driving unit that rotates the cutter device.