JPH10174376A - Brush maintenance device of rotary machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably perform contact control between a brush and a commutator by detecting an abrasion state of the brush based on a contact state with a brush of a contact bar coming into contact with the other end of the brush slidingly contacting one end to the commutator. SOLUTION: One end of each of a plurality of brushes is brought into contact with a commutator. The brush is held by a holder provided to a bracket. A brush maintenance device 18 is provided to the bracket, and the brush maintenance device 18 is equipped with a contact bar 19 passing through the bracket and always coming into contact with the other end of the brush, a detection section 20 for detecting an abrasion state of the brush based on a contact state with the brush of the contact bar 19 and a signal treatment circuit as a confirmation section confirming an abrasion state of the brush, based on a detection result of the detection section 20. A band member 22 is loaded to the bracket so as to hold the contact bar 19 and detection section 20. The contact bar 19, detection section 20 and signal treatment circuit are provided in every brush.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a brush maintenance device for a rotating machine having a brush for managing a worn state of the brush which is worn over time due to contact with a commutator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a rotating machine, in particular, a rotating machine having a brush that comes into contact (sliding contact) with a commutator integral with a rotor, the brush wears with the passage of time as the commutator rotates. When the commutator and the brush separate due to wear, current stops flowing through the commutator and the rotor does not rotate. Therefore, contact management between the brush and the commutator is an important maintenance management.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show examples of maintenance of such a conventional rotating machine. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotor of the rotating machine (not shown), and reference numeral 2 denotes a bracket serving as an outer frame of the rotating machine. .

A rotor 1 is rotatably held by a bracket 2, a rotor core 4 fixed to the rotation shaft 3, and a rotor core 4 fixed to the rotation shaft 3 and wound around the rotor core 4. And a commutator 5 to which a coil (not shown) is connected.

A plurality of commutators 5 (two in the case of a two-pole type)
(In the case of a four-pole type, four brushes 6). Also,
The brush 6 is held by a holder 7 provided on the bracket 2.

In such a configuration, to check the contact state between the commutator 5 and the brush 6, an operator inserts the insulating rod 8 from the bracket 2, and contacts the brush 6 via the insulating rod 8. The degree of wear is determined by feeling the vibration.

[0007]

As described above, the contact control between the commutator 5 and the brush 6 of the rotating machine is performed according to the operator's feeling in consideration of the frequency of use and experience, and requires skill. In addition, not only variations occur depending on operators and products, but also there is a possibility that abrasion powder of the brush 6 may enter between the brush 6 and the holder 7 and the brush 6 may not move. In the inspection work, there is a problem that the insulating rod 8 may come into contact with the rotor 1.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can stably manage contact between a brush and a commutator irrespective of an operator or a product, and furthermore, can control the brush during operation of a rotating machine. An object of the present invention is to provide a brush maintenance device for a rotating machine capable of performing contact management safely and reliably and improving workability.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a contact bar contacting the other end of a brush, one end of which is in sliding contact with a commutator, and the contact bar being in contact with the brush. The gist of the present invention is to include a detection unit that detects the worn state of the brush based on the contact state, and a recognition unit that recognizes the worn state of the brush based on the detection result of the detection unit.

[0010] Further, in the invention according to the second aspect, the gist of the invention is that the detection unit includes a function of detecting the vibration of the brush with respect to the commutator via the contact bar.

Further, in the invention according to claim 3, the detection unit includes a bridge circuit for extracting a signal from all of the installed numbers of the brushes, and detects any one of the brushes if there is a problem. The gist is to have

Further, in the invention according to claim 4, the gist is that the detection unit includes a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the brush with respect to the commutator.

Further, in the invention according to claim 5, the gist is that the recognition unit includes a remote monitoring unit that issues a notification of the contact state of the brush.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the detection unit includes a magnetic switch for detecting a worn state of the brush via the contact bar.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of a brush maintenance device for a rotating machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

(First Embodiment) FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of a brush maintenance device for a rotating machine according to the present invention.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 11 denotes a rotor of a rotating machine (not shown), and reference numeral 12 denotes a bracket serving as an outer frame of the rotating machine.

The rotor 11 has a rotating shaft 13 rotatably held by a bracket 12, a rotor core 14 fixed to the rotating shaft 13, and a rotor core 14 fixed to the rotating shaft 13 and wound around the rotor core 14. And a commutator 15 to which a coil (not shown) is connected.

One end of a plurality of brushes 16 (two in the case of a two-pole type, four in the case of a four-pole type) comes into contact (sliding contact) with the commutator 15. The brush 16 is held by a holder 17 provided on the bracket 12.

The bracket 12 is provided with a brush maintenance device 18. The brush maintenance device 18 includes a contact bar 19 that penetrates the bracket 12 and constantly abuts on the other end of the brush 16, and as shown in FIGS. A detection unit 20 for detecting the abrasion state of the brush 16, a signal processing circuit 21 as a recognition unit for recognizing the abrasion state of the brush 16 based on the detection result of the detection unit 20, a contact bar 19 and the detection unit 20 are held. Member 22 attached to the bracket 12 as shown in FIG.
And Although not shown, the contact bar 1
9, a detection unit 20, and a signal processing circuit 21 are provided for each brush 16.

One end of the contact bar 19 has a hook shape that penetrates through the bracket 12 and abuts on the other end of the brush 16, and is attached to the support arm 24 by a shaft 23 so as to be rotatable about its center at the center of rotation. Supported. Further, a piezoelectric film 25 is provided at the other end of the contact bar 19. At least the tip side of the contact bar 19 with respect to the shaft 23 is in contact with the brush 16 at an angle, so that the contact bar 19 can pick up a large amount of vibration when the brush 16 slides due to the rotation of the commutator 15. . In addition, the piezoelectric film 2
The output of 5 is guided to the signal processing circuit 21 via the wiring code 26.

A pressing spring 28 having one end fixed to a mounting metal 27 fixed to the band member 22 is attached to the support arm 24.
The contact bar 19 contacts the other end of the brush 16 with a good pressing force via the support arm 24.

The band member 22 has a semi-circular band 22.
a, 22b and fastening bolts 22c, 22c for connecting both ends of the bands 22a, 22b.

The signal processing circuit 21 includes an amplifying circuit 21a,
An A / D conversion circuit 21b and a latch circuit 21c are provided. When the commutator 15 rotates, vibration occurs on the brush 16 as shown by the arrow in FIG. 2, and the contact bar 19 rotates about the shaft 23 as a fulcrum with this vibration. This rotation causes the contact bar 1
Since the piezoelectric film 25 provided on the other end of 9 is distorted, a threshold voltage waveform (see the upper waveform in FIG. 4) is generated. This voltage waveform is converted into a square waveform (see the signal waveform in the middle part of FIG. 4) which is A / D converted by the A / D conversion circuit 21b while being amplified by the amplification circuit 21a, and then latched by the latch circuit 21c (see FIG. 4). The signal is extracted as a signal having a fixed width as shown in the signal waveform in the lower part of FIG. The signal processing circuit 21 outputs the commutator 15 and the brush 1
6 also serves as a recognizing unit for recognizing that the worker is separated from the operator 6.

In the above configuration, the brush 16 in the holder 17 is now worn, and the abrasion powder is generated between the holder 17 and the brush 16.
When the brush 16 is fixed to the gap, the brush 16
The contact bar 19 abutting on stops moving. When the movement of the contact bar 19 stops, the distortion of the piezoelectric film 25 provided at the other end of the contact bar 19 disappears and the generated voltage becomes 0 (zero), so that the electric signal of the signal processing circuit 21 becomes 0.
(Zero), and the operator can recognize that the commutator 15 and the brush 16 are separated.

Therefore, the contact control between the brush and the commutator can be stabilized irrespective of the operator and the product, and the contact control of the brush during the operation of the rotating machine can be performed safely and reliably. Can be improved.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 5 shows Embodiment 2 of a brush maintenance apparatus for a rotary machine according to the present invention. Embodiment 1
In the second embodiment, the signal processing circuit 21 is provided for each of the brushes 16. In the second embodiment, for example, when the number of the brushes 16 is four, the signals from the four signal processing circuits 21 corresponding to the four are output to the bridge detector 29. With this configuration, the contact management for all the brushes 16 is performed.

That is, when any of the signal outputs of the signal processing circuit 21 becomes 0 (zero), the balance of the bridge detector 29 is lost, so that the commutator 15 and the brush 16 are separated by the output accompanying this. This is to make the worker aware.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of a brush maintenance device for a rotating machine according to the present invention. Embodiment 1
In the above, the vibration of the brush 16 was converted into an electric signal. In the third embodiment, the temperature sensor 30 controls the contact of the brush 16 with the temperature. In FIG. 6, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

In FIG. 6, a temperature sensor 30 is provided on the contact bar 19 which is in contact with the brush 16. The detection result of the temperature sensor 30 is output to the signal processing circuit 21 via the wiring 26. The signal from the signal processing circuit 21 is output to the remote monitoring means 31.

When the brush 16 slides on the commutator 15 as the commutator 15 rotates, heat is generated on the brush 16 due to the friction. The temperature sensor 30 detects the heat generated in the brush 16 through the contact bar 19,
Is worn away from the commutator 15, frictional heat is no longer generated on the brush 16, so that the temperature change causes the output of the temperature sensor 30 to decrease. The signal processing circuit 21 outputs an alarm signal to the remote monitoring means 31 in accordance with the output decrease, and the remote monitoring means 31 issues an alarm to make the operator recognize that the commutator 15 and the brush 16 are separated.

The temperature stored in the temperature sensor 30 is radiated (dissipated) by the remote monitoring means 31 via the signal processing circuit 21.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 7 shows Embodiment 4 of a brush maintenance apparatus for a rotary machine according to the present invention. Embodiment 1
In the fourth embodiment, the operator is made to recognize that the commutator 15 is separated from the brush 16 by monitoring the contact state of the brush 16.
This is to monitor the abrasion state of the tire. Note that FIG.
In the following, the same components as those in the first and third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

In FIG. 7, the contact bar 19 in contact with the brush 16 is provided with a magnetic switch 32 connected to the signal processing circuit 21. Also, this magnetic switch 3
A magnet 32b is provided near 2a.

When the brush 16 is worn by the sliding contact with the commutator 15, the worn powder is attracted to the magnet 32b by the magnetic force of the magnet 32b. The distance between the magnet 32b and the magnetic switch 32a is reduced with the attraction of the abrasion powder, and the magnetic switch 32a is operated by the magnetic force. Magnetic switch 32a
Outputs a signal to the signal processing circuit 21 by the operation to make the operator recognize that the commutator 15 and the brush 16 are separated.

(Embodiment 5) FIG. 8 shows Embodiment 5 of a brush maintenance device for a rotary machine according to the present invention. Embodiment 1
In the above, the size of the band member 22 is fixed, and the application to the size of the rotating machine main body is specified. On the other hand, in the fifth embodiment, the versatility for the size of the rotating machine main body is improved. It was made.

In FIG. 8, the belt member 33 has a belt shape penetrating the mounting metal 27, and has a plurality of engaging holes 33a, 33a,. Holes 33a, 33a ... engageable engaging claws 33b, 33
b is provided.

By adjusting the engaging positions of the engaging claws 33b, 33b with the engaging holes 33a, 33a..., The inner diameter is variable, so that the belt member 33 is adapted to the size of the rotating machine main body. Can be.

[0039]

As described above, according to the brush maintenance apparatus for a rotating machine of the present invention, a contact bar having one end abutting on the other end of the brush that is in sliding contact with the commutator, and the contact bar is in contact with the brush. A detection unit that detects the worn state of the brush based on the state, and a recognition unit that recognizes the worn state of the brush based on the detection result of the detection unit,
It is possible to stably manage the contact between the brush and the commutator irrespective of the operator and the product, and to perform the contact management of the brush safely and reliably during operation of the rotating machine, thereby improving workability. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a brush maintenance device for a rotating machine according to the present invention, and is a front view of the brush maintenance device.

FIG. 2 is also an enlarged view of a main part.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part in a state where the brush maintenance device is mounted on the rotating machine.

FIG. 4 is also an explanatory diagram showing an example of a signal waveform by a signal processing circuit.

FIG. 5 is a block circuit diagram of a main part showing a second embodiment of the brush maintenance device for a rotating machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a main part showing a third embodiment of the brush maintenance device for a rotating machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a main part showing a fourth embodiment of a brush maintenance device for a rotating machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a brush maintenance device showing a fifth embodiment of the brush maintenance device for a rotating machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of brush maintenance in a conventional rotating machine, and is an explanatory diagram of main parts.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a main part of the rotating machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

15 commutator, 16 brushes, 18 brush maintenance device, 19
Contact bar, 20 detection unit, 21 signal processing circuit (recognition unit).

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A contact bar having one end contacting the other end of a brush in sliding contact with a commutator, a detecting unit detecting a worn state of the brush based on a contact state of the contact bar with the brush, and a detecting unit. And a recognizing unit for recognizing the worn state of the brush based on the detection result of (b). 2. The brush maintenance device for a rotary machine according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit detects vibration of the brush with respect to the commutator through the contact bar. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the detection unit includes a bridge circuit that extracts a signal from all of the installed numbers of the brushes, and detects a failure of at least one of the brushes. A brush maintenance device for a rotating machine according to the above. 4. The brush maintenance device for a rotary machine according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit includes a temperature sensor that detects a temperature of the brush with respect to the commutator. 5. The brush maintenance device for a rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the recognition unit includes a remote monitoring unit that reports a contact state of the brush. 6. The brush maintenance device according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit includes a magnetic switch that detects a worn state of the brush via the contact bar.