JPH10135715A - Superconductor signal processor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To carry on the stable processing of input signals with a small loss and high sensitivity by switching to a bypass signal processing circuit made of a normal conducting material even when the temperature of the operation unit of a superconductor signal processing unit rises to cause the breakage of a superconducting state. SOLUTION: If the temperature of an operation unit rises to cause the breakage of a superconducting state, it's decided that the input impedance Z4 of a 1st signal processing circuit 4 does not match the characteristic impedance Z1 of a 1st signal transmission line 1. The length LTL1 of the line 1 is adjusted to set the impedance Zin1 viewed from an A-A' point at the value larger than the characteristic impedance Z0 of an input transmission line 3. In other words, the length LTL1 is set at the value twice as much as (1/4+m/2) of intra-tube wavelength (m: zero or an integer) when Z4 is smaller than Z1 . Thus, the impedance Z4 is increased. If Z4 is larger than Z1 , the length LTL1 is set at the value twice as large as (k/2) of intra-tube wavelength (k: zero or an integer). Thus, Zin1 is set equal to Z4 .

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a signal processing circuit unit such as a filter using a superconducting material, in which a signal processing function is stopped due to a normal conduction transition of the superconducting material due to a rise in temperature of the signal processing circuit unit. The present invention relates to a superconducting signal processing unit incorporating a bypass processing circuit for prevention.
The present invention is an invention particularly suitable for a signal processing circuit for reception.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional superconducting signal processing unit, two types of signal processing circuits are installed: a signal processing circuit such as a filter using a superconducting material and a signal processing circuit composed of a normal conducting material. In this case, the connection between them and the input line is switched by a bypass relay switch. Always monitor the temperature of the superconducting signal processing circuit while
An input line is connected to a superconducting signal processing circuit, and when the temperature rises, a bypass relay switch is driven to switch the input line to a bypass circuit made of a normal conductive material to perform input signal processing. For example, Superconducting Core Technol
ogies, Inc.'s REACH ^TM catalog includes a signal processing circuit that forms a superconducting receive filter and a low noise amplifier (LNA) connected to it, and a through switch to a coaxial line for bypass when the temperature rises. A superconducting signal processing unit with a bypass relay switch is illustrated.

[0003]

In this superconducting signal processing unit, since a superconducting material is used as a member of a signal processing circuit, it is necessary to cool it and use it in a superconducting transition state. However, even if the superconducting signal processing circuit stops operating due to the rise in temperature of the superconducting material of the signal processing circuit, the signal processing operation of the stable input signal should be continuously performed with low loss and high sensitivity. Is required.

The present invention performs a low-loss, high-sensitivity signal processing operation during the superconducting operation as described above, and continuously provides a stable signal even when the function of the superconducting signal processing circuit decreases due to a rise in temperature. The purpose is to realize the processing operation. In the prior art, a superconducting signal processing circuit and a bypass relay switch in a switching section between the bypass circuit and the like generate a signal propagation loss of about 1 dB. There is a problem that the characteristics of the circuit 4 are sacrificed. More specifically, for example, when the signal processing circuit 4 is a superconducting bandpass filter, an insertion loss of about 0.5 dB can be realized if the signal processing circuit 4 is well designed. The entire insertion loss including the signal processing circuit is greatly degraded to 1.5 dB, and the performance is not utilized.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve this problem, the invention according to claim 1 is directed to the first invention made of a superconductive material.
A signal transmission line, a second signal transmission line made of a normal conductive material, and an output end of the first signal transmission line connected to a first signal processing circuit made of a superconducting material; The output end of the signal transmission line is connected to a second signal processing circuit made of a normal conductive material, and the input end of the first signal transmission line and the input end of the second signal transmission line are connected to each other. Both are connected to a signal input transmission line, and at a location (1/4 + m / 2) times the guide wavelength (where m is zero or a positive integer) from the input end of the second signal transmission line. ,
The second signal transmission circuit has a configuration in which the forward path and the return path of the signal of the second signal transmission line are short-circuited via a characteristic element whose impedance varies depending on the temperature of the second signal processing circuit. .

[0006] The invention described in claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1.
The characteristic element described in (1) is composed of a short-circuit element made of a material whose resistance value changes rapidly with temperature, or a capacitor connected in series with this short-circuit element, and the same cooling member that cools the first signal processing circuit. In the cooling configuration, when the superconducting material undergoes a normal conduction transition with a rise in the temperature of the first signal processing circuit, the characteristic element also undergoes a normal conduction transition to increase the resistance, and the impedance of the characteristic element increases. , And a value sufficiently larger than the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission line.

[0007] In particular, a superconducting material is preferable as a material whose resistance value changes rapidly with temperature. Further, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the characteristic element according to the first aspect comprises a diode switch or a capacitor and a diode switch connected in series, and an inductor for cutting off a signal and
The diode switch is configured to be forward-biased through a variable resistance element whose resistance varies depending on the temperature of the first signal processing circuit in series, so that the temperature of the first signal processing circuit increases. At the time of the normal conduction transition of the superconducting material, the resistance of the variable resistance element rises and the diode switch is driven to transition from the on state to the off state, and the impedance of the characteristic element becomes the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission line. The value is set to be a sufficiently large value.

In particular, in the above invention, it is preferable that the variable resistance element is made of a superconductive material and is cooled by the same cooling member that cools the first signal processing circuit.

Further, the invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to claim 1.
Is a diode switch, or
The first switch is configured to include a capacitor and a diode switch connected in series, and the diode switch is driven by an output from a temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of the first signal processing circuit via a signal cutting inductor.
The temperature rise of the signal processing circuit is detected, and the diode switch is set in a forward bias state so that the impedance of the characteristic element becomes a value sufficiently larger than the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission line. is there.

Next, according to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a first signal transmission line, a second signal transmission line made of a normal conductive material, and an output end of the first signal transmission line are made of a superconductive material. And a second signal transmission line having an output end made of a normal conductive material.
And the input terminal of the first signal transmission line and the input terminal of the second signal transmission line are both connected to the signal input transmission line, and the first signal transmission line and At a position (か ら + m / 2) times as long as each guide wavelength (where m is zero or a positive integer) from each input end of the second signal transmission line, The first and second characteristic elements whose impedances change depending on the temperature of the signal processing circuit of FIG. 1 are respectively short-circuited between the forward path and the return path of the signal of each transmission line. .

Further, the invention according to claim 8 is the invention according to claim 7.
The first characteristic element described in 1 above is constituted by a first diode switch or a first capacitor and a first diode switch connected in series, and the first diode switch and the first diode for signal cutting are connected. An inductor is connected in series, and in parallel with this, a first variable resistance element whose resistance changes depending on the temperature of the first signal processing circuit is connected, and these are DC-biased via a bias resistor. When the normal conduction transition of the superconducting material occurs with the temperature rise of the first signal processing circuit, the resistance of the first variable resistance element rises and the first diode switch is placed in a forward bias state. By doing so, the impedance of the first characteristic element is made sufficiently smaller than the characteristic impedance of the first signal transmission line.

In the above invention, it is preferable that the first variable resistance element is made of a superconductive material and is cooled by the same cooling member that cools the first signal processing circuit.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, the first characteristic element according to the seventh aspect comprises a first diode switch or a first capacitor connected in series and a first diode switch. , A first signal for signal cutting based on an output from a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the signal processing circuit 1.
The first diode switch is configured to be driven via the inductor, and the temperature rise of the first signal processing circuit is detected to set the first diode switch in a forward bias state. The impedance of the characteristic element is made sufficiently smaller than the characteristic impedance of the first signal transmission line.

Further, according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, the second characteristic element according to any one of the seventh to tenth aspects is connected in series with a short-circuit element made of a superconductive material or a short-circuit element made of a superconductive material. And a second condenser, which is cooled by the same cooling member that cools the first signal processing circuit. In addition, the second characteristic element also undergoes normal conduction transition to increase the resistance, so that the impedance of the second characteristic element becomes a value sufficiently larger than the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission line.

The characteristic element 2 is a line made of a superconducting material;
Alternatively, the signal processing circuit 1 may be configured to be cooled by the same cooling member that cools the signal processing circuit 1 by using a line composed of a superconductive material and a capacitor 2 connected in series. During the normal conduction transition, the characteristic element 2 also undergoes normal conduction transition and the resistance rises, so that the impedance of the characteristic element 2 becomes a value sufficiently larger than the characteristic impedance of the signal transmission line 2.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, the second characteristic element according to the seventh to tenth aspects is a second diode switch or a second capacitor and a second diode connected in series. A second inductor for cutting off a signal, and a second variable resistance element whose resistance changes depending on the temperature of the first signal processing circuit in series with the second diode switch. Are connected in a forward bias connection, and when the normal conduction transition of the superconducting material occurs due to the temperature rise of the first signal processing circuit, the second
The resistance of the variable resistance element rises, and the second diode switch is driven to transition from the on state to the off state,
The impedance of the characteristic element is set to a value sufficiently larger than the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission line.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the second characteristic element according to the seventh to tenth aspects is a second diode switch or a second capacitor and a second diode connected in series. A second switch for driving the second diode switch via a second inductor for signal cutting by an output from a temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of the first signal processing circuit; By detecting the temperature rise of the signal processing circuit and setting the second diode switch in a forward bias state, the impedance of the second characteristic element is set to a value sufficiently larger than the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission line. It is to become.

As an embodiment of the superconducting signal transmission unit of the present invention, a first signal processing circuit and a second signal processing circuit
Preferably includes a filter element.

In a preferred embodiment of the superconducting signal transmission unit of the present invention, an oxide superconductor is used as a superconducting material.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a superconducting signal processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a first signal transmission line 1 is connected to a second signal transmission line. The transmission line 2a is connected to the input conduction line 3 at the connection point AA '. In the description of the present embodiment and the following embodiments, for convenience of explanation, the form of the transmission line is a parallel line. Second signal transmission line 2
The length of a is (１ ／ + m / 2) of the _guide wavelength (λ _g2 ).
A second signal transmission line 2b having the same characteristics as that of the second signal transmission line 2b is connected to the other end C-C 'at a double length (where m is zero or a positive integer). At the other end of the first signal transmission line 1, a first signal transmission line
Is connected to the second signal transmission line 2b.
The other end is connected to a second signal processing circuit 5 made of a normal conductive material. Signal processing circuits 4 and 5
Is a circuit unit that realizes a function such as a band-pass filter that passes only a desired signal or a correlator that correlates a spread spectrum signal. For a target signal frequency, their input impedance is a signal transmission line. 1
And approximately 2b. At the connection point CC 'between the second signal transmission lines 2a and 2b, the forward path and the return path of both lines are short-circuited by the characteristic element 7. The characteristic element 7 changes its impedance depending on the temperature of the first signal processing circuit 4, and is made of a superconductive material, a diode switch, or the like.
When the temperature of the first signal processing circuit 4 rises and its characteristics are deteriorated, or when it is necessary to prevent adverse effects on the system due to the deterioration of the characteristics, for example, the superconducting element constituting the same. When the temperature rises to a temperature at which the material changes from superconducting to normal conduction and causes characteristic deterioration, the impedance of the characteristic element 7 is extremely small compared to the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission lines 2a and 2b. Use a structure configured to change from a large value to a large value. A specific embodiment of the characteristic element 7 will be described later. Here, the operation principle will be described below.

(Normal Operation) The case where the signal processing circuit 4 is at a temperature at which the superconducting state is maintained and functions normally in FIG. 1 will be described. An input transmission line 3, a first signal transmission line 1, a second signal transmission line 2a,
The characteristic impedance of 2b is Z ₀ , Z ₁ , and Z ₂ , and the propagation constants are β ₀ , β ₁ , and β ₂ . In particular,
Preferably, the characteristic impedances Z ₀ , Z ₁ , and Z ₂ are all equal. Further, it is preferable that the input impedances of the signal processing circuits 4 and 5 substantially match the characteristic impedances of the signal transmission lines 1 and 2b, respectively, for the signal frequency under consideration. The impedance of the characteristic element 7 is set to Z _s2 . In an actual case, since the loss of the signal transmission lines 2a and 2b is so small as to be negligible, the impedance Z _in2 of the second signal transmission line 2a viewed from the position of AA ′ in this case is ( Equation 1) is obtained.

[0023]

(Equation 1)

Where Z _Ct is

[0025]

(Equation 2)

## EQU1 ## The impedance Z _Ain when viewing the point AA ′ from the input transmission line 3 is given by the following equation.

[0027]

(Equation 3)

Now, when Z _s2 is sufficiently smaller than Z ₂ , Z _Ct becomes substantially equal to Z _s2 , and Z _in2 becomes a value that is negligibly large as compared with Z ₂ . Therefore, Z _Ain is approximately equal to Z ₁ . In this operating state, the input signal 8 propagates only from the input transmission line 3 to the signal transmission line 1 (signal 9), and the signal 11 does not propagate to the signal transmission line 2a. Accordingly, the signal 3 propagates with almost no loss, and is input as the signal 10 to the first signal processing circuit 4 where the signal is processed. The system can use this processed output signal. Since it is advantageous in terms of configuration to cool the signal transmission line 1 in the same manner as the superconducting signal processing circuit 4, its propagation loss is sufficiently small and negligible, and the signal power transmission ratio T of the signal 10 to the input signal 8 is reduced. ₁ is given by (Equation 4).

[0029]

(Equation 4)

Here, Γ is given by the following equation.

[0031]

(Equation 5)

Further, the signal transmission loss L ₁ (dB: decibel) is represented by (Equation 6).

[0033]

(Equation 6)

As specific values, Z ₀ = Z ₁ = Z ₂ = 5
Assuming that 0 Ω, Z _s2 is about 6.7 Ω or less and signal transmission loss L
₁ is a value of 0.5 dB or less, and a value of 0.1 dB or less can be realized with about 1.2Ω.

(During bypass operation) Next, the signal processing circuit 4
The operation when the superconducting material does not function properly at the temperature at which the superconducting material transitions to the normal conduction will be described. In this state, since the superconducting material of the signal processing circuit 4 becomes normal conductive, its input impedance often deviates from the characteristic impedance of the signal transmission line 1, and the output of the signal processing circuit 4 is normal. It cannot be used in the system because it is no longer a thing. On the other hand, the signal processing circuit 5 can obtain a normal signal processing output for the following reason. Therefore, by selecting this signal in the system, the stability of the system is improved. The operation principle will be described below.

[0036] In FIG. 1, the signal when the input impedance Z ₄ of the processing circuit 4 does not match the characteristic impedance Z ₁ of the signal transmission line 1, the length of the signal transmission line 1 L _TL1
To adjust the impedance Z from the AA 'point.
_in1 can be set sufficiently larger than the characteristic impedance Z ₀ of the input transmission line 3. Specifically, Z ₄ becomes Z ₁
If it is smaller than the above, the line length L _TL1 is set to a length (（+ m / 2) times the _guide wavelength (where m is zero or a positive integer), thereby obtaining the same as (Equation 1). The impedance is converted to a sufficiently large impedance. Conversely, when Z ₄ is larger than Z ₁ , the line length L _{TL1 is set} to be (k / 2) times the _guide wavelength (k is zero or a positive integer). , Z
The _in1 may be equal to Z _4. In such a configuration, almost all of the input signal 8 is transmitted through the signal transmission line 2.
towards a (as described below, the impedance characteristics element 7 when sufficiently greater than Z ₂₎ is transmitted.
By adjusting L _TL1 , Z _in1 can be made a pure resistance R.
Of the input signal 8 is, for example, the value of R is Z
About -0.18dB when more than about two times less than or equal to _1, the value of R is equal to or less than about -0.1dB when more than about 2.8 times the Z _1. When Z ₄ matches Z ₁ , the connection point A−
At A ′, there is some reflection, but signal transmission line 2
The signal 11 propagates to a (when Z ₁ = Z ₂ = Z ₀ , 1
/ 3 is generated, and the input signal 8 is input to the signal transmission line 2a.
1/3 of the power is propagated).

If the constituent material of the first signal transmission line 1 is a normal conductive metal such as copper or gold, the characteristic impedance and the transmission impedance will not change even if the temperature changes by several tens of degrees around 77 Kelvin. As described above, the loss is hardly affected. However, when an oxide high-temperature superconductor material such as an oxide high-temperature superconductor such as a Y-based, Bi-based, or Tl-based oxide is used,
Since the resistivity in the normal conduction state is about 10 ⁻³ Ωcm, which is much larger than that of a metal, a phenomenon that is greatly different between the superconducting state and the normal conduction state appears. The transmission line has a strip line structure, which will be specifically described below.

When a 0.5-mm-thick LaAlO ₃ single crystal (relative permittivity: 24) is used for the substrate, the line width may be about 0.17 mm in order to make its characteristic impedance 50 Ω. , 1/4 tube wavelength is about 13 mm, but the DC resistance of the stripline line per cm is about 600 Ω. Therefore, the signal attenuation is 1.5 GHz frequency used in mobile communication. In this case, the value is about 38 dB / cm. Since the signal is almost attenuated even if the line length L _TL1 is about 5 mm, regardless of the input impedance of the signal processing circuit 4,
Z _in1 is approximately equal to Z ₁ . Therefore, in this case,
When the constituent material of the first signal transmission line 1 is in the superconducting state and in the normal conduction state, the input impedance of the first signal transmission line as viewed from the connection point AA ′ has substantially the same value. It is common to make Z ₁ and Z ₂ equal to Z ₀ , so that 1/3 of the power of the input signal 8 propagates through the signal transmission line 2a as described above.

As described above, the ratio depends on the design, but some of the input signal 8 becomes the signal 11 and propagates through the second signal transmission line 2a. Signal transmission loss (the ratio of the power of the signal 112 to the power of the signal 111) L at the connection point BB ′ due to the impedance Z _s2 of the characteristic element 7
₂ is represented by (Equation 7).

[0040]

(Equation 7)

For example, when Z _s2 / Z ₂ is 10, the signal transmission loss L ₂ is about 0.4 dB, and when Z _s2 / Z ₂ is 43 or more, the signal transmission loss L ₂ is about 0.1 dB or less. Is done. Thus, the impedance Z _s2 of the characteristic element 7 is
By a large value enough than the characteristic impedance Z ₂ of the signal transmission lines 2a, since so that the reflection at the connection point C-C 'is input to the signal processing circuit 5 as little signal 12, the output , Desired signal processing can be performed in the entire system. In general,
Since the signal processing circuit 5 is made of a normal conductive material such as a metal, the signal processing circuit 5 is made of a superconductive material.
Although inferior in characteristics such as loss and sensitivity, the configuration of the present invention can realize a stable operation of the signal processing system.

Embodiments of the invention relating to the characteristic element 7 described above will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a first embodiment of a characteristic element (2), which is a component of a superconducting signal processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. . In FIG. 2, the second signal transmission lines 102a and 102b
The characteristic element 107 as a means for changing the impedance according to the temperature of the signal processing circuit 4 (shown in FIG. 1) at the connection point CC ′ with the short-circuit element made of a material whose resistance value changes rapidly with temperature 17 shows an example composed of a capacitor 117 and a capacitor 127 connected in series. It is preferable to use a superconducting material as a material whose resistance value changes abruptly depending on temperature. However, the material is not limited to this.
It is only necessary that the superconducting material constituting the material be a material whose resistance rapidly decreases at a temperature lower than the temperature at which transition from superconductivity to normal conduction occurs.
For example, La _1-x Sr _x M showing an abnormal temperature resistivity change
nO ₃ , La _1-x Sr _{1 + x} MnO ₄ , (Nd, Sm) _1/2 S
A CMR (giant magnetoresistance) material such as r _1/2 MnO ₃ can also be used.

In FIG. 2, there is no capacitor 127,
The superconducting short-circuit element 117 may directly connect the connection points CC ′ to each other. The difference between the two is that the characteristic element 107
, The signal transmission lines 102a and 102b are short-circuited only by AC, while the latter is short-circuited not only by AC but also by DC. FIG.
Although not shown in FIG.
7 needs to be configured to be installed on the same cooling member as the cooling member for cooling the first signal processing circuit 4 (shown in FIG. 1) and to cool it. First signal processing circuit 4
When the superconducting material constituting the characteristic element 107 transitions to normal conduction with the rise in temperature, the superconducting short-circuit element 117 constituting the characteristic element 107 also transitions to normal conduction to increase the resistance. In the superconducting state, it can be designed to change from an extremely small value to an extremely large value (see the description of the first embodiment). As a result, a configuration can be realized in which the impedance Z _s2 of the characteristic element 107 is a value sufficiently larger than the characteristic impedance Z _{2 of} the second signal transmission line 2a (shown in FIG. 1). Therefore, as described in the first embodiment, even when the first signal processing circuit 4 fails to function due to a rise in temperature, switching to the output from the second signal processing circuit 5 for stable use. A signal processing system operation can be realized.

Specifically, the material of the superconducting short-circuiting element 117 is LnBa ₂ Cu ₃ O _7-x (Ln = Y and a rare earth element) which is the same as or similar to the superconducting material constituting the signal processing circuit 4. Y-based or Bi ₂ Sr equal ₂ Ca _n-1 Cu _n O
Bi-based _{2n + 4-y (n =} 1~5) _{and, Tl 2 Ba 2 Ca n-} 1 Cu n
_{O 2n + 4 (n = 1~4} ), Tl 1 Ba 2 Ca n-1 Cu n O 2n + 3 (n =
1-5), is convenient to use _{Tl 1 Sr 2 Ca n-1} Cu n O 2n + 3 (n = 2,3) oxide Tl-based oxide high-temperature superconductors such as high-temperature superconductors Good. In particular, when the same superconductor as the superconducting material forming the first signal processing circuit 4 is used, the transition temperatures of the two become substantially equal. Almost at the same time when the signal processing circuit 4 stops operating, the second signal processing circuit 5 (FIG. 1)
), The signal processing function can be automatically switched, so that a temperature monitor is not required.

If the length of the superconducting short-circuit element 117 is about 1/10 of the guide wavelength, it can be treated as a lumped constant. The impedance should be designed as follows.
For example, when a 0.5 mm thick LaAlO ₃ single crystal (relative dielectric constant: 24) is used as the substrate and a strip line type 50Ω line is considered as the signal conduction line 2a, the 1/10 guide wavelength is about 5.2 mm. If it is designed to be shorter than this length, it can be treated as a lumped constant. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when the superconducting short-circuit element 717 is 5 mm long, 23 μm wide, and 1 μm thick at the connection point between the signal transmission lines 702 a and 702 b on the outward path of the strip line type, If an oxide high-temperature superconducting thin film having a resistivity of 10 ⁻³ Ωcm is formed, the resistance becomes about 2150 Ω, and if the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission lines 702a and 702b is 50 Ω, a signal transmission loss (signal to signal 711 power). power ratio) L ₂ of 712 becomes about 0.1dB than (7). In the superconducting state, an impedance that is negligibly small compared to 50Ω can be realized. This superconducting short-circuit element is connected to a terminal 737, and the terminal 737 is a via hole 727, and the signal transmission line 7
02a and 702b are connected to a ground electrode 704 which is a return path. In FIG. 8, the direct signal transmission lines 702a,
Although an example is shown in which a short circuit is connected between 702b and the ground electrode 704, it goes without saying that a capacitor may be inserted in series and short-circuited between them.

Although the case where a superconductor is used as the material of the short-circuit element has been described, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to this, and a material having a similar function can be used. It is needless to say that, instead of the superconductor, a material whose resistivity increases by one digit or more near the temperature at which the superconducting material of the first signal processing circuit 4 transitions from superconducting to normal conducting may be used. No. Specifically, for example, La _1-x Sr _x MnO showing abnormal temperature resistivity change
_{3, La 1-x Sr 1} + x MnO 4, (Nd, Sm) 1/2 Sr 1/2
A CMR (giant magnetoresistance) material such as MnO ₃ can also be used.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a second embodiment of a characteristic element portion of a superconducting signal processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. A second embodiment of the characteristic element portion according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the second signal transmission lines 202a and 20a
2b, a characteristic element 207 as a means for changing impedance according to the temperature of the signal processing circuit 4 (shown in FIG. 1) includes a capacitor 227 and a diode switch 217 connected in series. It is composed of The capacitor 227 serves to cut off direct current, and may not be provided if it is not necessary to separately provide the circuit configuration. Both ends of the diode switch 217 are provided with a signal cutting inductor 237 and a variable resistance element 24 whose resistance changes depending on the temperature of the first signal processing circuit.
7 are connected in series, and the diode switch 217 is biased in the forward direction by the power supply 267. Further, in the figure, the diode switch 217 may be directly short-circuited to the connection point CC ′ without the capacitor 227. The difference between the two is as described in the second embodiment. Although not shown in FIG. 3, the variable resistance element 247 is installed on the same cooling member as the cooling member for cooling the first signal processing circuit 4 (shown in FIG. 1) and cools the same. It is preferable that it is comprised as follows.

First, the case where the characteristic element 207 is configured within a size that can be handled as a lumped constant circuit will be described. When the temperature of the first signal processing circuit 4 is maintained in a superconducting operation state and a normal function and operation are performed, the variable resistance element 2
The resistance of 47 is a very small value. In particular, when the variable resistance element 247 is made of a superconducting material, it is in a superconducting state in this case, and its resistance is zero. Therefore, the voltage of the power supply 267 passes through the variable resistor 247 and the inductor 237 and is applied to the diode switch 217 in the forward direction.
7 and the inductor 237 have extremely small DC resistance, the bias current to the diode switch 217 increases, and the diode switch 217 becomes conductive. Impedance to signal 211 and 212 of diode switch 217 becomes conductive state becomes sufficiently smaller than the signal transmission line 202a, 202b of the characteristic impedance Z _2. Capacitor 2
If the capacitance of the capacitor 27 is selected so that the impedance becomes a sufficiently small value, a short circuit state in which the impedance of the characteristic element 207 is sufficiently small can be realized.

When the temperature of the first signal processing circuit 4 rises and the superconducting material constituting the first signal processing circuit 4 transitions to normal conduction,
When the variable resistance element 247 transitions from the superconducting state to the normal conduction state, its DC resistance increases, and the diode switch 217 transitions to a high resistance state or a cutoff state because its bias current becomes extremely small. .
In this state, the impedance Z _s2 for the signals 211 and 212 is a value sufficiently larger than the characteristic impedance Z ₂ of the signal transmission lines 202a and 202b, and a state close to an open state can be realized. Therefore, as described in the first embodiment, even when the first signal processing circuit 4 fails to function due to a rise in temperature, switching to the output from the second signal processing circuit 5 for stable use. A signal processing system operation can be realized.

Next, a case will be described in which the characteristic element 207 is configured to have dimensions required to be handled as a distributed constant circuit. The diode switch 217 is connected to the signal transmission line 202.
a, 202b by appropriately adjusting the length of the line connected thereto, for example, by setting the length to (k / 2) times the guide wavelength (where k is zero or a positive integer). Since the impedance at 217 becomes the impedance of the characteristic element 207 as it is, the above operation can be realized.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6, by connecting a variable resistance element in parallel to a series circuit of an inductor 237 and a diode switch 217,
The diode switch 217 is set to a low impedance state only when the variable resistance element changes to a normal conduction state.
a, the length of the line connected to 202b is (1) of the guide wavelength.
/ 4 + m / 2) (where m is zero or a positive integer), the impedance inversion occurs in the same manner as shown in (Equation 1), so that the impedance of the characteristic element 2 becomes
When the variable resistance element makes a transition to normal conduction, a state of transition from a short circuit state to a high impedance state can be realized.

As a specific configuration of the characteristic element 207, as the diode switch 217, a temperature at which the first signal processing circuit 4 operates, for example, a superconductor which is a constituent material of the diode switch 217 may be Y-based, Bi-based, or Tl-based. In the case of using an oxide high-temperature superconductor containing copper, such as an oxide high-temperature superconductor, a high-frequency diode that operates even at a liquid nitrogen temperature (77 Kelvin), such as a GaAs-based It is preferable to use a key diode or the like. Further, as a material of the variable resistance element 247, it is preferable to use a high-temperature oxide superconductor containing copper, such as Y-based, Bi-based, or Tl-based. In particular, when the same material as the superconducting material constituting the first signal processing circuit 4 is used, the first signal processing circuit 4 is fixed to the same cooling member, and the first signal processing circuit 4 is caused by a temperature rise due to a failure of the refrigerator or the like. Almost at the same time when the operation of the signal processing circuit 4 stops, the signal processing function can be automatically switched to the second signal processing circuit 5 (see FIG. 1), and the temperature monitor becomes unnecessary.

In the above description, the variable resistance element 247
Has been described using a superconductor as a material, but it is needless to say that the material is not limited to this, and a material having a similar function can be used. It is needless to say that, instead of the superconductor, a material whose resistivity increases by one digit or more near the temperature at which the superconducting material of the first signal processing circuit 4 transitions from superconducting to normal conducting may be used. No. Specifically, for example, La _1-x Sr _x MnO ₃ and La _1-x Sr exhibiting abnormal temperature resistivity change, for example.
C such as _{1 + x} MnO ₄ , (Nd, Sm) _1/2 Sr _1/2 MnO ₃
An MR (giant magnetoresistance) material or the like can also be used.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a third embodiment of a characteristic element portion of a superconducting signal processing unit component according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, as means for changing the impedance according to the temperature of the first signal processing circuit 4 (shown in FIG. 1) at a connection point CC 'between the second signal transmission lines 302a and 302b. Is composed of a diode switch 317. In another embodiment, the diode switch 317 may be provided with a capacitor for cutting direct current in series. The output line of the drive circuit 367 is connected to both ends of the diode switch 317 via a signal cutting inductor 337 in series. A temperature sensor 357 for monitoring the temperature of the first signal processing circuit 4 is connected as an input signal of the drive circuit 367. The output of the drive circuit 367 is controlled depending on the output of the temperature sensor 357 for monitoring the temperature of the first signal processing circuit.

First, the case where the characteristic element 307 has a size small enough to be handled as a lumped constant circuit will be described. The diode switch 317 is normally driven to a low impedance state to operate the first signal processing circuit 4. In order to prevent a decrease in the function of the system due to an increase in the operating temperature of the first signal processing circuit 4,
When the signal processing circuit is switched, the characteristic element 307 is short-circuited (low impedance) by turning off the diode switch 317 (high impedance state) by reducing the drive current of the drive circuit 367.
A transition from a state to a high impedance can be made.

Next, when the characteristic element 307 has a size that must be handled as a distributed constant circuit, the same function can be realized by performing the same operation as that described in the above (Embodiment 3).

As described above, similar to the above embodiment,
Superconducting signal processing unit that can realize stable signal processing system operation by switching to and using output from second signal processing circuit 5 even when first signal processing circuit 4 fails to function due to temperature rise. Can be realized.

In this embodiment, the impedance of the diode switch 317, that is, the impedance of the characteristic element 317 is controlled by the drive circuit 367 based on the output of the temperature sensor 357, so that the switching temperature between the normal operation and the bypass operation can be arbitrarily set. It is possible to switch to the bypass second signal processing circuit 5 before the superconducting signal processing circuit 4 stops operating. This makes it possible to improve the reliability and stability of the superconducting signal processing unit.

(Embodiment 5) FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a superconducting signal processing unit according to another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, a first signal transmission line 401a is
The second signal transmission line 402a is connected to the input conduction line 403 at a connection point AA '. In the description of the present embodiment and the following embodiments, for convenience of explanation, the form of the transmission line is a parallel line.

The length of the first signal transmission line 401a is (１ ／ + m / 2) times as long as its guide wavelength (λ _g1 ) (where m is zero or a positive integer), and the other end B The first signal transmission line 40 having the same characteristics
1b is connected. The other end is connected to a first signal processing circuit 404 made of a superconducting material. At the location of the connection point BB ', the forward path and the return path of each of the two lines are short-circuited by the characteristic element 406.
The characteristic element 406 changes its impedance depending on the temperature of the first signal processing circuit 404, and is made of a diode switch, a superconductive material, or the like.

On the other hand, the length of the second signal transmission line 402a is (1/4 + m / 2) times as long as the _guide wavelength (λ _g2 ) (where m is zero or a positive integer), Other end C
A second signal transmission line 402b having the same characteristics is connected to the location -C '. A second signal processing circuit 405 made of a normal conductive material is connected to the other end of the second signal transmission line 402b. At the point of the connection point CC ′, the forward path and the return path of each of the two lines are short-circuited by the characteristic element 407. Characteristic element 407
The impedance changes depending on the temperature of the first signal processing circuit 404.
It is made of a superconductive material or the like.

The signal processing circuits 404 and 405 are circuit units that realize functions such as a band-pass filter for passing only a desired signal and a correlator for correlating a spread spectrum signal. Preferably, their input impedances are substantially matched to the respective characteristic impedances of the signal transmission lines 401b and 402b.

When the temperature of the first signal processing circuit 404 rises and its characteristics are deteriorated, or when it is necessary to prevent an adverse effect on the system due to the deterioration of the characteristics, for example, when the first When the temperature of the superconducting material changes from superconducting to normal and rises to a temperature at which characteristic deterioration occurs, the first signal transmission line 401
a, the impedance of the characteristic element 406 changes from an extremely small value to a large value as compared with the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission line 40b.
An element configured so that the impedance of the characteristic element 407 changes from an extremely small value to a large value as compared with the characteristic impedances 2a and 402b is used. Specific embodiments of the characteristic elements 406 and 407 will be described later.

In the embodiment of the present invention, at a normal operating temperature in which the first signal processing circuit 404 is in a superconducting state, the first signal transmission viewed from the connection point AA 'is performed. The input impedance Z _in1 of the line 401a is Z ₁ (=
Z ₀ ), and the input impedance Z _in2 of the second signal transmission line 402a is high. Conversely, at the temperature at the time of the bypass operation in which the first signal processing circuit 404 transitions to the normal conduction state, Z _in1 is configured to have high impedance and Z _in2 is equal to Z ₂ (= Z ₀ ). . The detailed operation principle will be described below.

(Normal Operation) A case where the signal processing circuit 404 is at a temperature at which the superconducting state is maintained and functions normally in FIG. 5 will be described. Input transmission line 40
3, and first signal transmission lines 401a and 401b,
And the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission lines 402a and 402b, respectively, and Z _0, Z _1, Z _2, the propagation constant, beta _0, beta _1, and beta _2. Specifically, it is preferable that the characteristic impedances Z ₀ , Z ₁ , and Z ₂ are all equal. Further, it is preferable that the input impedances of the signal processing circuits 404 and 405 substantially match the characteristic impedances of the signal transmission lines 401b and 402b, respectively, for the signal frequency under consideration. Further, the impedances of the characteristic elements 406 and 407 are respectively
_Let Z _s1 and Z _s2 .

In this operating state, since Z _s1 is sufficiently larger than Z ₁ and Z _s2 is a value negligibly smaller than Z ₂ , as described in the first embodiment,
Input impedance Z of second signal transmission line 402a
_in2 is in a high impedance state, and the input signal 408 is input to the first signal transmission line 401a as the signal 409 with almost no loss. The signal 409 is connected to the connection point B−
Due to the short-circuit connection of the characteristic element 406 at B ′, a very small signal reflection loss is received and propagated as an input signal 410 to the signal processing circuit 404. At this time, the loss received at the connection point BB ′ can be evaluated by replacing Z ₂ with Z ₁ and Z _s2 with Z _s1 in (Equation 6). Second signal transmission line 4
The operation of 02a is the same as in (Embodiment 1).

As described above, during normal operation, the processing output is obtained from the first signal processing circuit 404, and the signal transmission loss on the way can be extremely reduced.

(During bypass operation) Next, the signal processing circuit 4
The operation when the superconducting material No. 04 does not function properly at the temperature at which the superconducting material transitions to normal conduction, that is, the bypass operation will be described. In this state, the output cannot be used in the system because the superconducting material of the signal processing circuit 404 is normally conducting. On the other hand, for the signal processing circuit 405,
Since a normal signal processing output is obtained for the same reason as in the first embodiment, the stability of the system is improved by selecting this signal in the system.

In this state, the impedance Z _s1 of the first characteristic element 406 at the connection point BB ′ is much smaller than Z ₁ , so that the connection point A−
Input impedance Z _in1 of the signal transmission line 401a as viewed from A 'is (number 1), the equation (2), the Z _in2 Z _in1
In the Z ₂ to Z _1, the Z _s2 and Z _s1, obtained by replacing, Z _s1 can be realized a very large value. The impedance Z _Ain when viewing the point AA ′ from the input transmission line 403 is ( _Equation 3), where Z ₁ is Z ₂ and Z _in2 is Z _in1.
And Z _Ain is approximately equal to Z ₂ . Therefore, the input signal 408 is
03 propagates only to the signal transmission line 402a (signal 411), and to the signal transmission line 401a, the signal 409
Will not propagate.

The characteristic element 407 at the connection point CC '
Is configured to have an extremely high value compared to the characteristic impedance Z ₂ in this state, so that the signal signal 411 receives very little signal transmission loss due to the short-circuit connection of the characteristic element 407. The signal propagates and is input to the second signal processing circuit 405 as a signal 412, where the signal is processed. The system can use the processed output signal, and can realize stable signal processing system operation.

The signal transmission lines 401a, 401b, 402
It is advantageous in terms of configuration that a and 402b are cooled and used in the same manner as the superconducting signal processing circuit 404, and the transmission loss of the line itself is sufficiently small and can be neglected. As a constituent electrode material of the signal transmission line 401a in the configuration of the present invention, it is preferable to use a normal conductive metal such as copper or gold whose resistance does not change much due to a temperature change. This is because even if the temperature changes by several tens of degrees near 77 Kelvin, there is almost no effect on the characteristic impedance and the transmission loss, so that the above operation can be easily realized.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the signal transmission loss when the input signal 408 is propagated as the signal 412 to the second signal processing circuit 405 during the bypass operation is (Embodiment 1) The structure can be made smaller than in the case of (1). A more detailed description of the present invention is provided below.

(Embodiment 6) FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of a superconducting signal processing unit according to the present invention. The conceptual diagram which shows a form is shown. In FIG. 6, the guide wavelength (λ _g1 )
At a connection point BB ′ between the first signal transmission line 501a having a length (（+ m / 2) times (where m is zero or a positive integer) times the signal transmission line 501b. The first characteristic element 506 as means for changing the impedance according to the temperature of the processing circuit 404 (shown in FIG. 5) includes a capacitor 527 and a first diode switch 517 connected in series. The capacitor 527 serves to cut off the direct current, and may not be provided if it is not necessary to provide a separate capacitor due to the circuit configuration. The first end of the first diode switch 517 is connected in series with a first inductor 537 for signal cutting.
17 and the inductor 537 at both ends of the series circuit.
The first variable resistance element 547 whose resistance changes depending on the temperature of the signal processing circuit 404, and a series connection circuit of a power supply 567 and a bias resistance 557 are connected in parallel,
When the resistance value of the variable resistance element 547 is sufficiently large, the diode switch 517 is configured to be forward-biased.

On the other hand, the second characteristic element 407 in FIG.
For example, the configuration using the superconducting short-circuit element 117 as shown in FIG. 2 or the configuration of the second diode switch and the second inductor 237 and the second variable resistance element 247 as shown in FIG. Using a series circuit,
Further, the second diode switch 3 shown in FIG.
The second inductor 337 connected in series with the first circuit 17 is driven by a drive circuit 367 based on an input from a temperature sensor 357 that monitors the operating temperature of the first signal processing circuit 404 (FIG. 5). Can be The functional operations are as described in the above (Embodiments 3 to 5).

In FIG. 6, the first variable resistance element 547, the superconducting short-circuit element 117, the second variable resistance element 247, and the like are not shown, but are not shown in the first signal processing element. Preferably, the circuit 404 (FIG. 5) is configured to be installed and cooled on the same cooling member as the cooling member for cooling.

With such a configuration, when the first signal processing circuit made of a superconducting material is in a superconducting state, the impedance of the first characteristic element 506 becomes a large value close to the open state, The impedance of the second characteristic element 407 (FIG. 5) can be set to an extremely small value in a short-circuit state. Therefore, even if the first signal processing circuit 404 made of a superconducting material stops functioning due to a rise in temperature by exhibiting the functional action described in (Embodiment 5), the second signal By switching to and using the output from the processing circuit 405, a stable signal processing system operation can be realized.

Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the first characteristic element 506 will be described. First, the first characteristic element 5
A case in which 06 is configured within a size that can be handled as a lumped constant circuit will be described. When the temperature of the first signal processing circuit 404 (FIG. 5) maintains the superconducting operation state and performs a normal function and operation, the resistance of the first variable resistance element 547 has an extremely small value. In particular, the variable resistance element 547
Is composed of a superconducting material, it is in a superconducting state in this state, and its resistance is zero. Therefore, power supply 5
Since the voltage of 67 is short-circuited by the variable resistance element 547, no bias voltage is applied to the first diode switch 517, so that the first diode switch 517 is in the off state (high impedance state). Since the capacitance value of the capacitor 527 is set to be sufficiently large and the impedance thereof is sufficiently small, the impedance Z _{s1 of the} characteristic element 506 is set.
Is substantially equal to the impedance of the first diode switch 517, and thus has an extremely large value. Therefore,
The signal 509 propagates to the first superconducting signal processing circuit 404 as a signal 510 at the connection point BB ′ with almost no loss.

When the temperature of the first signal processing circuit 404 rises and the superconducting material constituting it transitions to normal conduction, the first variable resistance element 547 transitions from superconducting state to normal conducting state. As a result, the DC resistance increases, and the first diode switch 517 is forward-biased by the power supply 567 through the first inductor 537 connected in series and the bias resistor 557, and current flows therethrough. The value becomes small, and the impedance Z _s1 of the characteristic element 506 becomes extremely small.
The input impedance of the first signal transmission line 501a at the connection point AA ′ has a length of (１ ／ + m / 2) λ _g1.
(Here, m is zero or a positive integer.) Therefore, similarly to the above-described principle, the small value Z _s1 is subjected to impedance conversion to become a very large impedance Z _in1 .

Next, a case will be described in which the characteristic element 506 has a dimension required to be handled as a distributed constant circuit. The length of the line connecting the first diode switch 517 to the signal transmission lines 501a and 501b is, for example,
The length of the guide wavelength (k / 2) times the guide wavelength (here, k
Is zero or a positive integer), the impedance of the first diode switch 517 becomes the impedance Z _s1 of the characteristic element 506 as it is, so that the above operation can be realized.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3, by connecting the first variable resistance element in parallel to the series circuit of the first inductor and the first diode switch, the first variable resistance element The configuration in which the first diode switch is set to the low impedance state only when the variable resistance element undergoes a normal conduction transition is configured such that the length of the line connecting the first diode switch to the signal transmission lines 501a and 501b is determined by the length of the guide wavelength ( By setting the wavelength to ｍ + m / 2) (m is zero or a positive integer), the impedance is inverted in the same manner as shown in Expression 1, and the impedance Z _s1 of the characteristic element 506 is changed to a variable resistance element. Can be realized from the short-circuit state to the high-impedance state at the time of normal conduction transition.

As described above, the characteristic element 506 can be configured as a lumped constant circuit or a distributed constant circuit.

As described above, the specific first characteristic element 5
06, the first diode switch 517
As the temperature at which the first signal processing circuit 404 made of a superconducting material operates, for example, a high-temperature superconductor such as a Y-based, Bi-based, or Tl-based oxide When using an oxide high-temperature superconductor containing copper,
It is preferable to use a high-frequency diode that operates even at a liquid nitrogen temperature (77 Kelvin), for example, a GaAs-based Schottky diode or the like. Also, the first
As the material of the variable resistance element 547, it is preferable to use a high-temperature oxide superconductor containing copper, such as Y-based, Bi-based, or Tl-based. In particular, when the same material as the superconducting material forming the first signal processing circuit 404 is used, the first signal processing circuit 404 is fixed to the same cooling member, and the first signal processing circuit 404 is increased in temperature due to a failure of a refrigerator or the like. At about the same time when the 404 stops operating, the signal processing function can be automatically switched to the second signal processing circuit 405, and the temperature monitor is not required.

In the above description, the first variable resistance element
547 material was described using superconductors.
However, it is not limited to this, similar functions
Needless to say, a material having
No. Instead of the superconductor, the superconductor of the first signal processing circuit 4 is used.
Near the temperature at which the conductive material transitions from superconducting to normal, the resistance
It is acceptable to use a material whose ratio is increased by one digit or more.
Needless to say. Specifically, specifically, for example,
La showing abnormal temperature resistivity change_1-xSr_xMnO _Three,
La_1-xSr_{1 + x}MnO_Four, (Nd, Sm)_1/2Sr_1/2M
nO_ThreeAlso use CMR (giant magnetoresistance) material such as
be able to.

The specific embodiment of the characteristic element 407 (FIG. 5) is as described in (Embodiments 3 to 5).

(Embodiment 7) FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of a superconducting signal processing unit according to the present invention. The conceptual diagram which shows a form is shown. In FIG. 7, the guide wavelength (λ _g1 )
At a connection point CC ′ between the first signal transmission line 601a and the first signal transmission line 601b having a length (（+ m / 2) times (where m is zero or a positive integer) times The characteristic element 606 as a means for changing the impedance according to the temperature of the first signal processing circuit 404 (FIG. 5) includes a first diode switch 616 and its bias circuit,
DC cut capacitor 62 connected in series with it
6. In another embodiment, the circuit configuration may not include the capacitor 626. The output line of the first drive circuit 666 is connected to both ends of the first diode switch 516 via a first inductor 636 for signal cutting in series. First drive circuit 66
As a sixth input signal, a first temperature sensor 656 for monitoring the temperature of the first signal processing circuit 404 is connected. The output of the first drive circuit 666 is controlled depending on the output of the first temperature sensor 656.

The operation of the first characteristic element will be described below. First, the case where the first characteristic element 606 has a small size enough to be handled as a lumped constant circuit will be described. First diode switch 6
Reference numeral 16 is normally in an off state (high impedance state). The impedance Z of the characteristic element 606 at this time
_s1 is a very large value, and it can be configured so that the signal transmission loss at the connection point BB 'has a very small value.

When switching the signal processing circuit in order to prevent the system function from deteriorating due to an increase in the operating temperature of the first signal processing circuit 404, the drive current of the first drive circuit 666 is increased to increase the drive current. One of the diode switches 616 is driven to a conductive state (or an ON state: a low impedance state). At this time, the impedance Z _s1 of the characteristic element 606 becomes extremely small, and the signal 609 is almost completely reflected at the connection point BB ′. Therefore, as described above, the input impedance of the first signal transmission line 601a as viewed from the connection point A-A 'is very large compared to Z _1. At this time, the input signal 408 (FIG. 5) propagates to the second signal transmission line 402a (FIG. 5) (signal 411).

Next, when the first characteristic element 606 has a size that must be handled as a distributed constant circuit, a similar function can be realized with a configuration similar to that described above.

Further, as specific embodiments of the characteristic element 407 (FIG. 5), those described in (Embodiments 3 to 5) can be used.

As described above, similar to the above embodiment,
A superconducting signal processing unit that can realize a stable signal processing system operation by switching to and using the output from the second signal processing circuit 5 even when the first signal processing circuit 404 fails to function due to a rise in temperature. Can be realized.

In the present embodiment, the output of the first temperature sensor 656 controls the impedance of the first diode switch 616, that is, the impedance Z _s1 of the first characteristic element 606, in the first drive circuit 666. , The switching temperature between normal operation and bypass operation can be set arbitrarily,
Before the superconducting signal processing circuit 404 stops operating, it is possible to switch to the second signal processing circuit 405 of the bypass circuit in advance. This makes it possible to improve the reliability and stability of the superconducting signal processing unit.

(Eighth Embodiment) FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the characteristic element portion of the superconducting signal processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the description of the above embodiment, the transmission line is configured as a parallel line for convenience of description, but the present invention is not limited to this line structure. A strip line type line as shown in FIG. 8 may be used. In this case, it is necessary to devise a method of forming the first or second characteristic element. In this case, the second characteristic element is a superconducting short-circuit element corresponding to FIG. When using,
Although described with reference to FIG. 8, it goes without saying that the present invention can be similarly applied to a case where another configuration is used or the first characteristic element.

In FIG. 8, a superconducting short-circuit element 717 is connected to a connection point of the signal forward paths 702a and 702b of the second signal transmission line. This connection point corresponds to point C in FIG. The return path of the signal of the second signal transmission line is the ground electrode 704. The other end of the superconducting short-circuit element 717 is
It is connected to terminal 737. The terminal 737 is electrically connected to the ground electrode 704 by a via hole 727 provided in the substrate. Ground electrode 70 of via hole 727
The connection point with No. 4 corresponds to the connection point C ′ in FIG.
As described above, even when the planar circuit configuration is used, the superconducting signal processing circuit unit as described above can be configured.

In the above description, the first signal processing cycle
Superconducting material or superconducting short
The superconducting material constituting the short-circuit element and the variable resistance element
nBa_TwoCu_ThreeO_7-x(Ln = Y and rare earth elements)
Y system and Bi_TwoSr_TwoCa_n-1Cu _nO_{2n + 4-y}(N = 1-5) B
i system, Tl_TwoBa_TwoCa_n-1Cu_nO_{2n + 4}(N = 1-4), T
l₁Ba_TwoCa_n-1Cu_nO_{2n + 3}(N = 1-5), Tl₁Sr_TwoC
a_n-1Cu_nO_{2n + 3}High temperature superconductivity of Tl-based oxides such as (n = 2,3)
Explained with an example of using an oxide high-temperature superconductor such as a conductor
However, other Hg-based oxide high-temperature superconductors
It can be implemented similarly.

In the above embodiment, the substrate is made of LaAlO ₃ single crystal, but other materials such as MgO and SrTi are used.
The same can be applied to O ₃ , GaAlO _{3 and the} like.

Further, the example in which the material of the short-circuit element and the variable resistance element is constituted by using a superconductor has been described. However, other materials and the superconducting material of the first signal processing circuit change from superconducting to normal conducting. Materials whose resistivity decreases by one digit or more below the transition temperature, for example, La _1-x Sr _x MnO ₃ , La _1-x Sr
C such as _{1 + x} MnO ₄ , (Nd, Sm) _1/2 Sr _1/2 MnO ₃
The same can be applied to an MR (giant magnetoresistance) material or the like.

[0098]

As described above, according to the present invention, even when the operating temperature of the superconducting signal processing unit rises and the superconducting state is broken, the signal processing for bypass composed of a normal conducting material is performed. It is very remarkable that signal processing can be performed with high sensitivity, high reliability, and high stability because it is possible to perform signal processing by automatically switching to a circuit with low loss and low loss. Effects can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a superconducting signal processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a first embodiment of a characteristic element portion of a superconducting signal processing unit component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a second embodiment of a characteristic element portion of a superconducting signal processing unit component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a third embodiment of a characteristic element portion of a superconducting signal processing unit component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a superconducting signal processing unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a conceptual diagram showing a first embodiment of a first characteristic element portion of a component in another embodiment (FIG. 5) of a superconducting signal processing unit of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing a second embodiment of a first characteristic element portion of a component in another embodiment (FIG. 5) of a superconducting signal processing unit of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the second characteristic element portion of the superconducting signal processing unit according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 401a, 401b, 501a, 501b, 601
a, 601b First signal transmission line 2a, 2b, 102a, 102b, 202a, 202
b, 302a, 302b, 402a, 402b, 702
a, 702b Second signal transmission line 3 Input transmission line 4,404 First signal processing circuit 5,405 Second signal processing circuit 7,107,207,307,406,407,50
6,606,707 Characteristic element 8,408 Input signal 9,10,11,12,111,112,211,21
2,311,312,409,410,411,41
2,509,510,609,610,711,712
Signal 117,717 Short-circuit element 127,227,527,626 Capacitor 217,317,517,616 Diode switch 237,337,537,636 Inductor 247,547 Variable resistance element 357,656 Temperature sensor 367,666 Drive circuit 704 Ground electrode 727 Via hole 737 Terminal

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A first signal transmission line made of a superconducting material, a second signal transmission line made of a normal conduction material, and a first signal transmission line having an output end made of a superconducting material. 1 signal processing circuit, an output end of the second signal transmission line is connected to a second signal processing circuit made of a normal conductive material, and an input end of the first signal transmission line. Both the input end of the second signal transmission line and the input end of the second signal transmission line are connected to the signal input transmission line, and the length from the input end of the second signal transmission line to (１ ／ + m / 2) times the guide wavelength (here,
(m is zero or a positive integer) at a location where the impedance of the second signal transmission circuit changes depending on the temperature of the second signal processing circuit. A superconducting signal processing device having a configuration in which the components are short-circuited. 2. The same cooling member for cooling a first signal processing circuit, wherein the characteristic element is a short-circuit element made of a material whose resistance value changes rapidly with temperature or a capacitor connected in series with the short-circuit element. When the superconducting material undergoes a normal conduction transition with a rise in the temperature of the first signal processing circuit, the characteristic element also undergoes a normal conduction transition to increase the resistance, and the impedance of the characteristic element increases. 2. The superconducting signal processing device according to claim 1, wherein a value of the second signal transmission line is sufficiently larger than a characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission line. 3. The superconducting signal processing device according to claim 2, wherein the material whose resistance value changes rapidly with temperature is a superconducting material. 4. The variable element wherein the characteristic element comprises a diode switch, or a capacitor and a diode switch connected in series, and an inductor for cutting off a signal and a variable resistance changing depending on the temperature of the first signal processing circuit. In a configuration in which the diode switch is forward-biased connected in series with a resistance element, when the normal conduction transition of the superconducting material occurs due to a temperature rise of the first signal processing circuit, the variable resistance The resistance of the element is increased, the diode switch is driven to transition from the on state to the off state, and the impedance of the characteristic element is set to a value sufficiently larger than the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission line. The superconducting signal processing device according to claim 1. 5. The superconducting signal processing according to claim 4, wherein the variable resistance element is made of a superconducting material and is cooled by a same cooling member that cools the first signal processing circuit. apparatus. 6. The characteristic element includes a diode switch, or a capacitor and a diode switch connected in series, and outputs a signal from a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the first signal processing circuit via a signal cutting inductor. In the configuration in which the diode switch is driven, the temperature rise of the first signal processing circuit is detected, and the diode switch is set in a forward bias state.
2. The superconducting signal processing device according to claim 1, wherein the impedance of the characteristic element has a value sufficiently larger than the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission line. 7. A first signal processing circuit comprising: a first signal transmission line; a second signal transmission line made of a normal conductive material; and an output terminal of the first signal transmission line made of a superconductive material. , The output end of the second signal transmission line is connected to a second signal processing circuit made of a normal conductive material, and the input end of the first signal transmission line and the second signal The input end of the transmission line is connected to the signal input transmission line together, and the input end of each of the first signal transmission line and the second signal transmission line is (１ ／ + の) of each guide wavelength.
(m / 2) times (where m is zero or a positive integer) the first characteristic element and the second characteristic element whose impedance changes depending on the temperature of the first signal processing circuit. A superconducting signal processing device characterized in that a short circuit connection is made between a forward path and a return path of a signal of each transmission line via the characteristic element. 8. The first characteristic element comprises a first diode switch, or a first capacitor and a first diode switch connected in series, wherein the first diode switch and the first diode for signal cutting are connected. Are connected in series, and in parallel with this, a first variable resistance element whose resistance changes depending on the temperature of the first signal processing circuit is connected, and these are DC biased via a bias resistor. In the configuration described above, at the time of normal conduction transition of the superconducting material accompanying the temperature rise of the first signal processing circuit, the resistance of the first variable resistance element rises and the first diode switch is turned on. 8. The device according to claim 7, wherein the impedance of the first characteristic element is made sufficiently smaller than the characteristic impedance of the first signal transmission line by setting a directional bias state. Superconducting signal processor. 9. The superconducting device according to claim 8, wherein the first variable resistance element is made of a superconducting material, and is cooled by the same cooling member that cools the first signal processing circuit. Conduction signal processing device. 10. A first characteristic element comprising: a first diode switch or a first capacitor connected in series;
And wherein the first diode switch is driven via a signal cutting first inductor by an output from a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the signal processing circuit 1. By detecting the temperature rise of the first signal processing circuit and bringing the first diode switch into a forward bias state, the impedance of the first characteristic element is made sufficiently smaller than the characteristic impedance of the first signal transmission line. 8. The superconducting signal processing device according to claim 7, wherein the signal processing is performed. 11. The second characteristic element includes a short-circuit element made of a superconductive material or a second capacitor connected in series with the short-circuit element made of a superconductive material, and cools the first signal processing circuit. In the configuration where the superconducting material is cooled by the same cooling member, when the superconducting material undergoes a normal conduction transition due to a rise in temperature of the first signal processing circuit, the second characteristic element also undergoes a normal conduction transition and a resistance. 11. The superconducting signal according to claim 7, wherein the impedance of the second characteristic element is set to a value sufficiently larger than the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission line. Processing equipment. 12. The second characteristic element comprises a second diode switch, or a second capacitor and a second diode switch connected in series, a second inductor for cutting off a signal, and a first diode. In a configuration in which the second diode switch is connected in forward bias via a second variable resistance element whose resistance varies depending on the temperature of the signal processing circuit of When the normal state transition of the superconducting material occurs due to the temperature rise of the processing circuit, the second
The resistance of the variable resistance element rises, and the second diode switch is driven to transition from the on state to the off state,
11. The superconducting signal processing device according to claim 7, wherein the impedance of the characteristic element is set to a value sufficiently larger than the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission line. 13. A temperature for measuring a temperature of a first signal processing circuit, wherein the second characteristic element comprises a second diode switch or a second capacitor and a second diode switch connected in series. In a configuration in which the second diode switch is driven via a second inductor for signal cutoff by an output from a sensor, the second diode switch detects the temperature rise of the first signal processing circuit and detects the temperature rise of the first signal processing circuit. 11. The device according to claim 7, wherein the impedance of the second characteristic element is set to a value sufficiently larger than the characteristic impedance of the second signal transmission line by setting the switch in a forward bias state. The superconducting signal processing device according to any one of the above. 14. The superconducting signal processing device according to claim 1, wherein the first signal processing circuit and the second signal processing circuit include a filter element. 15. The superconducting signal processing device according to claim 1, wherein the superconducting material comprises an oxide superconductor.