JPH10132246A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an incinerator with which the quantity of exhaust smoke to the outside of a furnace is less and combustion residues scarcely remain. SOLUTION: A combustion chamber for burning objects to be burnt is separated into a primary combustion chamber 7 and a secondary combustion chamber 8 that adjoins the primary combustion chamber, a protruding part 24 that protrudes upward and is generally embedded under the accumulated objects to be burnt is formed along the bottom surface and crossing the central part of the bottom surface, protruding blowing holes that conduct air to the inside of the furnace are opened on the side surface of the protruded part 24, the combustion of the objects to be burnt near the bottom surface is promoted and the combustion residues are decreased. Spaces on both sides of the protruding part 24 are used for scooping ashes, and the ashes can be removed easily. An air introducing gate 41 that conducts external air to the inside of the secondary combustion chamber 8 is arranged to the ceiling part 11 of the secondary combustion chamber 8 and after promoting more complete combustion of the burnt gas, the exhaust gas exhausted from the secondary combustion chamber 8 is conducted to a chimney 4 that is extended from the ceiling part 11.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an incinerator for burning incinerated materials such as wastes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, after ignition, the flow of air or the like from the outside has occurred without using auxiliary fuel such as heavy oil.
2. Description of the Related Art There is an incinerator that sequentially burns incineration materials stored in a combustion chamber from an upper portion to a lower portion. Such incinerators are provided with an air inlet on the side wall forming the combustion chamber,
There is one that uses a fan or the like to flow air from outside to promote combustion, and is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-272839.

[0003]

However, in the incinerator as described above, there is a disadvantage that it is difficult to incinerate all the incinerated objects in the combustion chamber, and it is easy for combustion residues to remain in the combustion chamber after the incineration is completed. Burning residue tended to remain in the center.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to provide an incinerator that can efficiently burn incinerated materials and that hardly remains incineration residue at the bottom center portion in a piled state.

[0005]

The incinerator according to the present invention, as described in the claims, has an incinerator with a flat or curved bottom surface in the combustion chamber on which incineration materials are deposited. A projecting portion that protrudes and is usually buried under the incinerated material in the deposited state is formed along the bottom surface and across the central portion, and a fluid that promotes combustion is provided on the surface of the projecting portion in the combustion chamber. An opening for introducing the gas into the container is opened.

[0006] By forming the convex portion so as to cross the central portion of the bottom surface, the bottom of the incinerated material in a piled state is raised, so that air can easily enter into the incinerated material, and the most burnt residue of the incinerated material remains. By actively supplying a fluid that promotes the combustion of air or the like to the prone portion, it is possible to more effectively reduce or prevent the burning residue of the incinerated material.
Moreover, since the protrusions are formed so as to cross the flat bottom surface in the combustion chamber, when scraping ash or the like after incineration from the upper part of the furnace with a shovel such as a yumbo, the protrusions are formed on both sides of the protrusions. The space to take it can be secured, and the convex part does not get in the way. Therefore, the removal processing of ash and the like can be easily performed. The projection can be formed, for example, in a trapezoidal cross section.

[0007] A plurality of air outlets can be provided on the side wall of the combustion chamber, and an air outlet such as air can be provided on the side and / or top surface of the projection. By supplying air or the like from the bottom and sides of the incineration material, combustion can be uniformly promoted throughout the combustion chamber, and incineration can be efficiently performed in a short time. The amount of soot discharged outside the incinerator is also reduced.

Further, a secondary combustion chamber is provided adjacent to the primary combustion chamber, the upper side of the side wall portion being covered by a ceiling, and combustion gas in the primary combustion chamber is guided to the secondary combustion chamber via a communication path, In the incinerator that guides the exhaust gas of the secondary combustion chamber to the chimney extending from the ceiling, so as to cross the central portion of the bottom surface of the primary combustion chamber, provided a convex portion having a fluid introduction port for promoting combustion,
An air inlet for guiding external air into the secondary combustion chamber may be provided at the ceiling of the secondary combustion chamber.

[0009] The effect of the above-mentioned convex portion at the center of the bottom surface prevents or suppresses the unburned residue of the incinerated material. Further, the combustion chamber is separated from the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber by separating the combustion chamber in the flue gas direction. By providing an air inlet on the ceiling of the secondary combustion chamber and a combustion chamber, the secondary combustion chamber located on the side of the flue gas emits the combustion gas of the incineration material that is incinerated in the primary combustion chamber, which is the furnace chamber. Can be more completely burned by new air from an air inlet provided in the ceiling. As a result, it is possible to efficiently incinerate in a short time and reduce the amount of soot discharged to the outside of the incinerator.

[0010] In addition, if a plurality of air outlets are provided on the side wall of the primary combustion chamber, a synergistic effect of air from the projection, air from the side wall, and air introduced from the ceiling of the secondary combustion chamber. Thereby, a more effective combustion state can be obtained. In addition, even if the convex part provided in the center of the bottom surface of the primary combustion chamber is omitted and the air inlet of the ceiling part of the secondary combustion chamber is merely provided, the combustion gas in the primary combustion chamber passes through the communication path to the secondary combustion chamber. The inflow creates a forced airflow in the combustion chamber, increasing the amount of air supplied to the secondary combustion chamber from the air inlet formed in the ceiling of the secondary combustion chamber, and increasing the combustion capacity of the incinerator. Significantly improved, large quantities of incinerated materials can be incinerated at one time, and unburned and incomplete combustion can be effectively prevented.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the incinerator 1
For heat resistance and durability at high temperatures, the side walls and the bottom surface are formed using heat-resistant materials such as castable refractories, refractory bricks, fire-resistant mortar, and the like. A chimney 4 for discharging smoke from the incinerated material, and a blower fan 5 (FIG. 3) for guiding air into the combustion chamber. As shown in FIG. 2 and the like, the incinerator 1 is installed with the combustion chamber main body 2 buried to a predetermined depth (ground G). In addition,
A foundation concrete layer 3 supporting the lower side of the combustion chamber main body 2 is also formed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the combustion chamber main body 2 is internally divided into two chambers by a partition wall 6 and is provided with an incinerated substance (hereinafter, referred to as an incinerator).
A primary combustion chamber 7 that becomes a furnace chamber for incineration of garbage).
A secondary combustion chamber 8 is disposed on the combustion gas discharge side with respect to the primary combustion chamber 7. A predetermined amount of notch 10 is formed in the upper end portion of the partition wall 6 in the depth direction.
0) connects the primary combustion chamber 7 and the secondary combustion chamber 8 to form a communication path 10 for introducing combustion gas generated by incineration of the incineration material in the primary combustion chamber 7 into the secondary combustion chamber 8. ing.
In the secondary combustion chamber 8, a ceiling 11 is formed so as to cover the upper end of the side wall, and the chimney 4 is disposed so as to penetrate an end of the ceiling 11 (an end remote from the communication path 10). 10 is
The other end of the chimney 4 connects the primary combustion chamber 7 and the secondary combustion chamber 8.

The primary combustion chamber 7 has an upper end opening serving as an incineration material supply port for supplying the incineration material, and closing the opening with an openable and closable lid 12, thereby forming a side wall 13 and a bottom surface 14.
The internal space surrounded by the opening / closing lid 12 serves as a combustion chamber. The opening / closing lid 12 has an exterior portion 12a such as a steel plate as an exterior thereof,
The primary combustion chamber 7 is located on the side of the primary combustion chamber 7 with respect to the exterior
And a heat-resistant layer 12b made of a heat-resistant material such as a castable refractory, a refractory brick, a refractory mortar or the like which forms a combustion chamber together with the bottom surface 14.

As shown in FIG. 1, the incinerator 1 is provided with a rail 16 and a rack 17 across an opening.
A plurality of rollers 19 provided on one side edge of the second 2 are supported on the rail 16, and a pinion 20 provided on the other side edge is supported on the rack 17. And the door 1
When the pinion 20 is driven by the motor 21 as a driving source installed on the upper 2, the opening / closing door 12 moves and the opening / closing operation is automatically performed.

As shown in FIG. 3, the primary combustion chamber 7 has a flat and horizontal bottom surface on which the incineration material is deposited, and an upwardly protruding projection which is normally buried under the incineration material in a deposited state. The part 24 is formed so as to cross the center of the bottom surface. As shown in FIG. 4, the convex portion 24 is formed so as to connect the partition wall 6 and the side wall 7a facing the partition wall 6, and has a trapezoidal sectional shape (FIG. 3). On each of the side surfaces 25, 26 of the projection 24, two projection outlets 27, 27 are respectively formed at positions substantially symmetrical with respect to the center line in the longitudinal direction, from which air is guided into the combustion chamber. A passage 29 is formed in the trapezoidal projection 24 between the opposing side walls of the primary combustion chamber 7, and each of the outlets 27 and the passage 29 communicate with each other via a branch passage 30. Passage 2
Air is sent to 9 by the blower fan 5, and the air is blown into the primary combustion chamber 7 through the jet branch 30.

On the inner side of the side wall of the primary combustion chamber 7, a plurality of side air outlets 3 arranged at predetermined intervals in the horizontal and depth directions are provided.
1 are formed, and in the illustrated example, a plurality of rows (six stages in total) of the side surface outlets 31 arranged in a row in the horizontal direction are formed at predetermined intervals in the depth direction. As shown in FIG. 5, air introduction passages 34 are formed in four side walls surrounding the primary combustion chamber 7 so as to surround the primary combustion chamber 7, and each of the introduction passages 34 corresponds to each side air outlet 31. The branch path 35 extends in a branch shape and leads to each side outlet 31. The air introduction passages 34 are formed in a total of six steps corresponding to the respective heights of the side surface outlets 31. The above-mentioned passage 29 is connected to the lowermost stage of the air introduction passage 34 so as to connect substantially the center of the opposed passage of the air introduction passage 34.

As shown in FIG. 3, the air introduction passages 34 pass through adjustment valves 36 provided for the respective introduction passages 34, and also pass through a passage collecting portion 37, and the above-described blowing fan 5
Connected to. In this example, three air introduction passages are connected to one blower fan 5, and air is supplied to the six-stage introduction passages 34 by two blower fans 5. Note that an independent blower fan may be provided separately for the passage 29 without connecting the passage 29 and the air introduction passage 34.

As shown in FIG. 4, the secondary combustion chamber 8 has a smaller internal volume than the primary combustion chamber 8, and has a smaller width and depth than the primary combustion chamber 7. As shown in FIG. 2, the inside of the ceiling 11 covering the upper side of the secondary combustion chamber 8
A water tank 39 for holding water, for example, as a cooling medium is formed. Two air inlets 41 penetrating through the ceiling 11 are formed, and external air can be introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 8 from these air inlets 41. One of the two air inlets 41 is formed on the chimney 4 side with respect to the intermediate point of the ceiling 11, and the other is formed on the other end side with respect to the chimney 4. As shown in FIG. 1, a water tank 43 communicating with the inside of the water tank 39 is provided at one end of the ceiling 11, and the upper portion of the water tank 43 is heated and evaporated by the combustion gas in the secondary combustion chamber 8. A steam pipe 44 for discharging steam is provided.

The chimney 4 on the secondary combustion chamber 8 has an opening 50 (FIG. 2) for exhaust gas measurement at a lower part in the middle. The opening 50 has a cylindrical portion 5 projecting horizontally from the outer wall of the chimney 4.
1 is connected, and a lid 52 that opens and closes the cylindrical portion 51
Is provided.

As shown in FIG. 6, an opening 54 is formed in the side wall near the bottom of the primary combustion chamber 7 which is not buried underground but installed on the ground, and an incinerator 55 is housed in this opening 54. Alternatively, it can be provided so as to be able to be pulled out. The incinerator 55 is movable on the bottom surface of the primary combustion chamber 7 and can be pulled out from the opening 54, can support the incinerated material from below, and includes the incinerator 55 serving as a base for incineration. It becomes easy to take out the ash deposited on the bottom surface of the primary combustion chamber 7 afterward.

Hereinafter, a method of using the incinerator of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, trash including wood chips, paper chips, waste plastics, and the like is thrown into the primary combustion chamber 7 as an incineration object until the opening of the communication path 10 is not closed when the opening / closing lid 12 is open. . After the incineration material is deposited, the garbage is burned by igniting from above using an appropriate igniting agent.
After the ignition, the opening and closing door 12 is closed and the blower fan 5 is operated so that the side of the incineration object in the piled state is from the side air outlet 31 and to the lower center is the convex air outlet 2.
Compressed air is blown out from each of 7 to incinerate the incineration material sequentially downward. With the burning of incinerated materials,
Although the accumulation depth of the incineration material gradually decreases, it is possible to adjust the adjustment valve 36 of the air introduction passage 34 of each stage to adjust the amount and pressure of the air supplied from the side outlet 31 of each stage. it can.

Generally, combustion heat is less likely to be transmitted near the center of the bottom of the incinerated material than the surroundings, and air supply tends to be incomplete. Therefore, the vicinity of the center of the bottom tends to remain unburned. The convex portion 24 of the shape raises the object to be incinerated from below, and supplies air from below from the outlet 27, so that the incinerated object is burned out without leaving the vicinity of the bottom center.

The combustion gas generated by the combustion of the incineration material in the primary combustion chamber 7 shown in FIG. 1 and the like is introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 8 via the communication path 10. When introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 8, the combustion gas may contain unburned components such as incomplete combustion gas, but the two air introductions formed on the ceiling of the secondary combustion chamber 8 Air that newly promotes combustion is obtained from the port 41, combustion of unburned components proceeds, and incomplete combustion gas and the like are reduced. After the secondary combustion in the secondary combustion chamber 8, the combustion gas (exhaust gas) is guided to the chimney 4 and discharged from the upper end of the chimney 4. Air inlet 4 of the above-mentioned ceiling part 11
Even if one is provided, a certain effect is provided, but if two or more are provided, the secondary combustion becomes very active. Although the reason is not always clear, it is presumed that the air flow (for example, cyclone effect) that promotes the secondary combustion is promoted.

When the combustion is completed, ash C remains on the bottom of the primary combustion chamber 7 as shown in FIG. 7, for example, and is scooped up by a power shovel unit P or the like inserted from above and discharged from the upper opening. Runs in the center of the furnace bottom, and as shown in FIG. 4, the power shovel units P are inserted on both sides to secure enough spaces S1 and S2 for scooping ash. Here, if a number of convex portions 24 are formed parallel to the surface of the furnace bottom, it is considerably difficult to remove the ash, and ash remains between the plurality of convex portions. By forming only one convex portion 24 at the center, an effect of preventing generation of burning residue at the center portion and an effect of easily collecting ash on both sides thereof are synergistically obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter the same).
FIG.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the incinerator.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a primary combustion chamber.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the incinerator.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an air introduction passage provided in a side wall.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing an example in which an incinerator for collecting ash is provided in a primary combustion chamber of an incinerator.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of accumulation of incinerated materials in a combustion chamber, and incineration and ash recovery.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Incinerator 2 Incinerator main body 6 Partition wall 7 Primary combustion chamber 8 Secondary combustion chamber 10 Communication path 24 Convex part 27 Convex part outlet 31 Side outlet 34 Air inlet passage 41 Air inlet

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A flat or curved bottom surface of a combustion chamber on which incineration materials are deposited, and a projection projecting upward and normally buried under the incineration material in a stacked state is provided on the bottom surface. An incinerator characterized by being formed so as to extend along and across a central portion thereof, and having an opening for introducing a fluid for promoting combustion into a combustion chamber on a surface of the convex portion. 2. The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the fluid is air, and the inlet is an outlet opening on a side surface of the projection. 3. The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the projection is formed in a trapezoidal cross section. 4. The air outlet according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of air outlets are provided on a side wall of the combustion chamber, and the air outlet is also provided on a side surface and / or a top surface of the projection. Incinerator. 5. A primary combustion chamber, wherein the combustion chamber is a primary combustion chamber, and a secondary combustion chamber is provided adjacent to the primary combustion chamber and having an upper side wall covered with a ceiling, and a combustion gas in the primary combustion chamber is connected to the primary combustion chamber. In the incinerator where the exhaust gas of the secondary combustion chamber is guided to a chimney extending from the ceiling, and air that leads external air to the ceiling of the secondary combustion chamber into the secondary combustion chamber. 5. An inlet is provided.
The incinerator according to any one of the above. 6. A secondary combustion chamber is provided adjacent to the primary combustion chamber, the upper side of the side wall portion being covered with a ceiling, and combustion gas in the primary combustion chamber is guided to the secondary combustion chamber via a communication path, In an incinerator in which exhaust gas of the secondary combustion chamber is guided to a chimney extending from the ceiling, an air inlet for guiding external air into the secondary combustion chamber is provided at the ceiling of the secondary combustion chamber. Incinerator.