JPH10131834A - Starter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a starter in which an increase in the weight and enlargement of a solenoid switch and a rear case can be suppressed, and also manhour required for the assembly and disassembly of the solenoid switch can be reduced, and radiation property can be improved. SOLUTION: A solenoid switch 3 is so stored that the peripheral surface of a frame 27 covering the periphery of a suction coil is fitted to the inner circumferential surface of a rear case 8, and retained and fixed by being held by the rear case 8 and a brush holder by sandwiching an elastic member between the brush holder and the bottom wall 27a of the frame 27. However, a projected part 27b is formed on the peripheral surface of the frame 27. This projected part 27b is formed over the whole width of the frame 27 along an axial direction. While, a recessed part 8a fitted to the projected part 27b formed on the frame 27, is formed in the inner circumferential surface of the rear case 8. Therefore, the frame 27 and the rear case 8 are fitted to each other in a condition that their projected part 27b and recessed part 8a are engaged with each other.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a starter for starting an engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, due to an increase in accessories and the like associated with higher performance and higher functionality of a vehicle, the inside of an engine room is becoming more and more dense, and accordingly, there is a demand for a smaller starter. Therefore, for example, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 5-332229, an electric motor is provided in a substantially cylindrical machine frame body including a front case, a center case, a yoke, a brush holder, a rear case, and the like.
A starter housing components such as a power transmission unit and an electromagnetic switch has been proposed. This starter has improved vehicle mountability compared to a conventional starter in which the electromagnetic switch protrudes greatly to the outer periphery of the yoke.

[0003]

However, in the starter disclosed in the above publication, the distance from the front case attached to the internal combustion engine to the rear case in which the electromagnetic switch is stored is large, so that the influence of the vibration received from the internal combustion engine is large. Become. Therefore, in order to prevent the electromagnetic switch from moving in the rear case due to vibration, it was necessary to firmly fix the electromagnetic switch to the rear case with a fastening member such as a screw. As a result, there is a problem that the weight of the electromagnetic switch and the size of the rear case are increased and the size of the rear case is increased in order to strongly reinforce the structure of the electromagnetic switch and the rear switch. In addition, since the electromagnetic switch is housed in the rear case, heat generated from the electromagnetic switch is trapped, and it is difficult to dissipate heat. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and its object is to suppress the weight increase and enlargement of the electromagnetic switch and the rear case, to reduce the number of steps required for assembling and disassembling the electromagnetic switch, and to reduce heat radiation. An object of the present invention is to provide a starter capable of improving the performance.

[0004]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, one of the fitting portions provided on the outer peripheral surface of the frame of the electromagnetic switch and the other fitting portion provided on the inner peripheral surface of the body of the machine frame. The electromagnetic switch can be restricted from moving with respect to the machine frame even if it is subjected to vibration of the internal combustion engine by being fitted and pressed and fixed between the machine frame and other components.
Accordingly, it is not necessary to improve the rigidity of the electromagnetic switch and the machine frame, and the electromagnetic switch can be fixed without using a fastening member such as a screw. The number of steps can be reduced, and the number of steps required for assembling and disassembling the electromagnetic switch can be reduced.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the electromagnetic switch is pressed and fixed between the other components and the inner peripheral surface of the machine frame, and the concave and convex portions provided on the outer peripheral surface of the frame and the inner peripheral surface of the machine frame are fixed. The electromagnetic switch can be securely fixed by fitting the provided uneven portion. In addition, the provision of the concave and convex portions increases the surface area of the frame and the contact area with the inner peripheral surface of the machine frame, so that the heat dissipation of the electromagnetic switch can be improved.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the electromagnetic switch is pressed and fixed between the other components and the inner peripheral surface of the machine frame, and is fixed to the flat surface provided on the outer peripheral surface of the frame and the inner peripheral surface of the machine frame. By matching the flat surface provided, the electromagnetic switch can be securely fixed.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, an opening for exposing a part of the suction coil is provided on a flat surface provided on the outer peripheral surface of the frame. Accordingly, the movement of the electromagnetic switch due to the vibration can be restricted, and the heat generated by the suction coil can be released from the opening, so that the heat radiation can be improved.

According to the fifth aspect, the same effect as the fourth aspect can be obtained.

According to the sixth aspect, the same effect as that of the second aspect can be obtained.

[0010]

Next, a starter according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a starter. The starter 1 according to the present embodiment includes a starting motor 2 that generates a rotating force, a power transmission device (described later) that transmits the rotating force of the starting motor 2 to a ring gear (not shown) of an engine, and an energizing circuit of the starting motor 2 ( An electromagnetic switch 3 for opening and closing a motor contact (to be described later) provided on a front case 4, a center case 5, a yoke 6, a brush holder 7,
It is composed of a rear case 8 (the machine frame of the present invention) and the like, and is entirely fixed by a plurality of through bolts 9 (see FIG. 2).

The starting motor 2 includes a yoke 6 that constitutes a part of a magnetic frame of the starting motor 2, a fixed magnetic pole 10 (for example, a permanent magnet) fixed to an inner peripheral surface of the yoke 6, and a fixed magnetic pole 10.
The armature 11 is rotatably supported on the inner periphery of the armature 11, and the brush 13 slidably contacts an outer peripheral surface of a commutator 12 provided on the armature 11. The armature 11 includes a hollow rotating shaft 16 rotatably supported via a pair of bearings 14 and 15, an armature core 17 fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 16, and an armature coil mounted on the armature core 17. 18 and so on. The pair of bearings 14, 15 are configured such that one bearing 14 is held by a bearing 19 a provided at the center of the partition wall 19, and the other bearing 15 is provided at a center of the brush holder 7. Is held in. The partition wall 19 separates the reduction gear (not shown) from the starting motor 2 and is provided integrally with the yoke 6.

The commutator 12 is provided at the other end of the armature 11 in a cylindrical shape, and is mechanically and electrically coupled to the armature coil 18. The brush 13 has a positive brush 13A and a negative brush 13B (see FIG. 3), each of which is held by the brush holder 7 on the outer periphery of the commutator 12 and is urged by a spring 20 on the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 12. . The brush holder 7 is formed of an insulating material such as a resin, and is fixed between the rear case 8 and the yoke 6.

The power transmission mechanism transmits an output shaft 21 to which the rotational force of the starting motor 2 is transmitted. The output shaft 21 is fitted around the distal end of the output shaft 21 and meshes with the ring gear to transmit the rotation of the output shaft 21 to the ring gear. It comprises a pinion gear 22, a reduction gear for reducing the rotation of the armature 11, a one-way clutch (not shown) for transmitting the rotation output of this reduction gear to the output shaft 21, and the like. The other end of the output shaft 21 is inserted into the hollow portion of the rotating shaft 16 and is supported slidably in the axial direction with respect to the rotating shaft 16. A recess 21 a is formed at the other end of the output shaft 21, and a metal ball 23 that transmits the operating force of the electromagnetic switch 3 to the output shaft 21 is formed in the recess 21 a.
Is stored. The pinion gear 22 is pushed forward integrally with the output shaft 21 and can mesh with the ring gear.

The electromagnetic switch 3 is provided with an attraction coil 24 for generating a magnetic force, a non-magnetic metal sleeve 25 fixed to the inner periphery of the attraction coil 24, and an inner periphery of the sleeve 25 movably in the axial direction. And a transmission means (described later) for transmitting the movement of the plunger 26 to the output shaft 21 through the ball 23. You.

The suction coil 24 is connected to a battery 30 via a key switch 29, as shown in FIG.
Power is supplied by closing the key switch 29. The plunger 26 receives the magnetic force of the suction coil 24 and
When the magnetic force of the attraction coil 24 disappears, the resting position (FIG. 1) is applied by the urging force of a return spring (not shown).
(The position shown in the figure). The frame 27 is provided in a cylindrical shape having a bottom wall 27a on one end side, and covers the outer peripheral surface of the suction coil 24 and one end surface side. The stationary core 28 is disposed so as to extend from the other end face side of the suction coil 24 to the inner peripheral side of the suction coil 24, and is fixed to the frame 27 by press fitting or the like.

The transmission means includes a cylindrical member 31 fixed to the center of the plunger 26 and a bottom 31 of the cylindrical member 31.
It comprises a rod 32 inserted in a through-hole passing through a, and a spring 33 for urging the rod 32. The cylindrical member 31 is arranged coaxially with the rotating shaft 16 of the armature 11, one end having a bottom 31a is inserted into the hollow inside of the rotating shaft 16, and moves axially integrally with the plunger 26. The rod 32 has a large-diameter portion 32 a having a diameter larger than the through-hole of the cylindrical member 31 at a rear end disposed inside the cylindrical member 31.
And a tip end of the large diameter portion 32a protrudes from the bottom 31a of the cylindrical member 31 into the hollow interior of the rotary shaft 16 through a through hole, and a tip end is formed at a rear end of the output shaft 21 at a rear end thereof. Is inserted inside. Spring 33
Is disposed in the hollow portion of the cylindrical member 31 and presses the large-diameter portion 32a of the rod 32 toward the bottom 31a of the cylindrical member 31.

As shown in FIG. 3, a motor contact provided in the energizing circuit of the starting motor 2 includes a battery-side fixed contact 35 provided integrally with a battery terminal 34, and a positive brush 13A.
Fixed contact 36 connected to the motor and both fixed contacts 3
Movable contacts 37 corresponding to 5 and 36. The battery terminal 34 projects radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the brush holder 7, and is fixed to the brush holder 7 by tightening a nut 38 on a screw portion formed on the outer periphery of the battery terminal 34. A terminal (not shown) of a power supply line 39 connected to the battery 30 is electrically connected to the battery terminal 34.

The movable contact 37 is held on the outer periphery of the cylindrical member 31 via an insulating member 40, and a contact pressure is applied by a contact spring 41 via the insulating member 40. The movable contact 37 conducts between the fixed contacts 35 and 36 when the cylindrical member 31 moves integrally with the plunger 26 and contacts the fixed contacts 35 and 36. Note that the movable contact 37 biased by the contact spring 41
Is restricted from moving to the left in FIG. 1 by a circlip 42 attached to the outer periphery of the cylindrical member 31.

In the electromagnetic switch 3, the outer case of the frame 27 is fitted to the inner surface of the rear case 8 so that the rear case 8
And the bottom wall 2 of the brush holder 7 and the frame 27
The rear case 8 and the brush holder 7 hold and fix the elastic member 43 between the rear case 8 and the brush holder 7. However, a pair of convex portions 27b are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the frame 27, as shown in FIG. The protrusion 27b is formed over the entire width of the frame 27 along the axial direction. On the other hand, on the inner peripheral surface of the rear case 8, a concave portion 8 a that fits with the convex portion 27 b formed on the frame 27 is formed. Therefore, the frame 27 and the rear case 8 are fitted with each other with the convex portions 27b and the concave portions 8a meshing with each other.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. When the key switch 29 is closed and the attraction coil 24 is energized, the plunger 26 is attracted by the magnetic force generated by the attraction coil 24 and moves in the sleeve 25 to the left in FIG. As a result, the cylindrical member 31 moves integrally with the plunger 26 and the rod 32 is pushed forward, whereby the output shaft 21 is pushed forward via the ball 23 abutting on the distal end surface of the rod 32. On the other hand, the movable contact 37 held by the cylindrical member 31 by the movement of the plunger 26 abuts on the fixed contacts 35 and 36 to form the fixed contacts 35 and 36.
When the gap is closed, a current flows through the armature 11 through the brush, and a rotational force is generated in the armature 11. When the rotation of the armature 11 is reduced by the reduction gear and transmitted to the output shaft 21, the pinion gear 22 that has moved forward together with the output shaft 21 meshes with the ring gear, and the rotation of the output shaft 21 is transmitted from the pinion gear 22 to the ring gear. Start the engine.

When the key switch 29 is opened and the energization of the attraction coil 24 is stopped after the engine is started, the magnetic force of the attraction coil 24 that has been attracting the plunger 26 is extinguished. As a result, the output shaft 21 is pushed back by the reaction force of the return spring, and the pinion gear 22 separates from the ring gear and returns to the rest position (the position shown in FIG. 1). Also,
When the plunger 26 is pushed back to the rest position (the position shown in FIG. 1) with the movement of the output shaft 21, the movable contact 37 separates from the fixed contacts 35 and 36, and the energization to the armature 11 is cut off. Rotation stops.

(Effects of the First Embodiment) According to this embodiment,
By forming the convex portion 27b on the outer peripheral surface of the frame 27 of the electromagnetic switch 3, the surface area of the frame 27 can be increased, and the concave portion 8a is also formed on the inner peripheral surface of the rear case 8 to fit the two 27b, 8a. The combination also increases the contact area between the frame 27 and the rear case 8, so that the heat radiation of the electromagnetic switch 3 can be improved as compared with the related art. Further, the electromagnetic switch 3 is held between the brush holder 7 and the rear case 8 via the elastic member 43, and the projection 27b of the frame 27 is fitted into the concave portion 8a of the rear case 8, so that the electromagnetic switch 3 with respect to the rear case 8 is formed.
Movement can be regulated. As a result, even when the vibration of the engine is received, the electromagnetic switch 3
Can be provided with good holding and fixing functions of the electromagnetic switch 3 without moving. In this case, it is possible to suppress an increase in weight and an increase in the size of the electromagnetic switch 3 and the rear case 8 to strongly reinforce the structure, and a fastening member such as a screw for fixing the electromagnetic switch 3 is not required. Compared with the starter, the number of parts can be reduced, and the man-hour required for assembling and disassembling the electromagnetic switch 3 can be reduced.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the frame 27 of the electromagnetic switch 3 and the rear case 8. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the unevenness 27c formed on the entire outer peripheral surface of the frame 27 and the unevenness 8b formed on the entire inner peripheral surface of the rear case 8 are fitted to each other to form the rear case. 8 is restricted. In this case, the surface area of the frame 27 can be further increased as compared with the first embodiment, and the contact area with the inner peripheral surface of the rear case 8 is also increased, so that the heat radiation of the electromagnetic switch 3 can be further improved.

(Third Embodiment) FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the frame 27 of the electromagnetic switch 3 and the rear case 8. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, projections 27d and 28a are provided on the outer periphery of the pinion side end of the frame 27 and the outer periphery of the stationary core 28, respectively, and these projections 27d and 28a are attached to the inner peripheral surface of the rear case 8. The movement of the electromagnetic switch 3 with respect to the rear case 8 is restricted by being fitted in the concave portion 8c formed in the rear case 8. A plurality of projections 27d of the frame 27 and a plurality of projections 28a of the stationary core 28 are provided in the circumferential direction (two in the radial direction in FIG. 5), and are provided at the same angle with respect to the center axis of the electromagnetic switch 3. Have been. On the other hand, the recess 8 c of the rear case 8 is
It is provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, similarly to 7d and 28a.

The projection 27d of the frame 27 is
7 is provided by cutting and raising a part of the frame 7.
A window 27e formed by cutting and raising is opened on the outer peripheral surface of 7. The projection 28a of the stationary core 28 protrudes outside through an opening 27f formed on the outer peripheral surface of the frame 27 at the end opposite to the pinion. According to the present embodiment, the window 27e and the opening 27f formed on the outer peripheral surface of the frame 27 provide more effective heat dissipation. In FIG. 5, the projections 27d and 28a are provided on both the frame 27 and the stationary core 28. However, if the movement of the electromagnetic switch 3 with respect to the rear case 8 can be restricted, it is not always necessary to provide them on both. May be provided with a projection 27d or 28a.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the frame 27 of the electromagnetic switch 3 and the rear case 8. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG.
7g, and the inner peripheral surface of the rear case 8 also has a flat portion 27g.
Are formed, and the plane portions 27d of each other are formed.
It shows an example in which g and 8d are fitted to each other. In the case of the present embodiment, although the heat dissipation is the same as the conventional case, the movement of the electromagnetic switch 3 can be restricted with respect to the rear case 8, and as a result, a good holding and fixing function of the electromagnetic switch 3 is provided. The effect that can be obtained is the same as that of the first embodiment. In FIG. 6, two flat portions 27g and 8d are formed at radially opposite positions. However, if movement of the electromagnetic switch 3 with respect to the rear case 8 can be restricted, the flat portions 27g and 8d can be formed.
g and 8d may be formed at only one place. It goes without saying that three or more flat portions 27g and 8d may be formed.

(Fifth Embodiment) FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the frame 27 of the electromagnetic switch 3 and the rear case 8. This embodiment shows an example in which an opening 27h from which a part of the suction coil 24 is exposed is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the frame 27. Here, the opening 2 is formed in the flat portion 27g described in the fourth embodiment.
The opening 27h may be formed by removing the outer peripheral surface of the frame 27 to a depth where the suction coil 24 is exposed. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the end surface (flat surface) of the stationary core 28 is removed by removing the outer peripheral surface of the frame 27 until the suction coil 24 is exposed.
28b is also exposed. According to the present embodiment, the frame 2
7, a part of the suction coil 24 is exposed.
The heat dissipation can be further improved as compared with the embodiment. The movement of the electromagnetic switch 3 with respect to the rear case 8 is restricted by fitting the flat portion 27g of the frame 27 and the flat surface 28b of the stationary core 28 with the flat portion 8d formed on the inner peripheral surface of the rear case 8. be able to.

(Sixth Embodiment) FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the frame 27 of the electromagnetic switch 3 and the rear case 8. In the present embodiment, similarly to the fourth embodiment, an opening 27h where a part of the suction coil 24 is exposed is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the frame 27, and a projection 8e provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rear case 8 is fitted into the opening 27h. By doing so, the position of the electromagnetic switch 3 can be fixed. Further, as in the fifth embodiment, since a part of the attraction coil 24 is exposed from the opening 27h of the frame 27, heat radiation can be improved. Note that the stationary core 28 may be provided with a notch 28c at the same position as the opening 27h so that the opening 27h and the notch 28c fit with the projection 8e. Provision of the groove 8f at the center of the projection 8e formed on the rear case 8 has an advantage that the cooling effect of the electromagnetic switch 3 can be improved by the air layer formed by the groove 8f.

(Seventh Embodiment) FIG. 9 is a rear sectional view of the starter 1. As shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, a protrusion 27i is provided on the bottom wall 27a of the frame 27 to protrude forward (to the left in FIG. 9), and the rear end surface of the brush holder 7 (the end surface facing the bottom wall 27a of the frame 27) A recess 7b that fits with the projection 27i is provided. By using this embodiment in combination with any one of the frames 27 and the rear case 8 described in the first to sixth embodiments, the rotation of the rear case 8 can be determined (the position of the through bolt 9 is regulated). Is improved), and the assembling property is further improved. In the case of the present embodiment, the same effect can be obtained by providing a concave portion on the bottom wall 27a of the frame 27 and providing a convex portion on the rear end surface of the brush holder 7.

(Modification) In this embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the frame 27, the end surface of the stationary core 28, the rear case 8
Although the uneven portion, the flat portion, and the like are provided on the inner peripheral surface and the rear end surface of the brush holder 7, a fitting portion such as the uneven portion, the flat portion, and the like may be provided on the bottom surface of the rear case 8. In this embodiment, the plunger 26 of the electromagnetic switch 3 operates in parallel with the rotating shaft 16 of the starting motor 2. However, the electromagnetic direction is such that the operating direction of the plunger 26 is orthogonal to the rotating shaft 16 of the starting motor 2. The switch 3 may be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a starter.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a frame and a rear case of the electromagnetic switch (first embodiment);

FIG. 3 is an electric circuit diagram of a starter.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a frame and a rear case of an electromagnetic switch (second embodiment).

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a frame and a rear case of an electromagnetic switch (third embodiment).

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a frame and a rear case of an electromagnetic switch (fourth embodiment).

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a frame and a rear case of an electromagnetic switch (fifth embodiment).

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a frame and a rear case of an electromagnetic switch (sixth embodiment).

FIG. 9 is a rear sectional view of a starter (seventh embodiment).

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 starter 2 starting motor (electric motor) 3 electromagnetic switch 7 brush holder (adjacent other components) 7b recess of brush holder 8 rear case (machine frame) 8a recess of rear case 8b recess and projection of rear case 8c recess of rear case 8d rear case Flat portion (flat surface) 8e Projection (projection) of rear case 21 Output shaft (power transmission mechanism) 22 Pinion gear (power transmission mechanism) 24 Attraction coil 27 Frame 27b Projection of frame 27c Irregularity of frame 27d Projection of frame 27g Frame Flat portion (flat surface) 27h Opening of frame 27i Projection of frame 28 Stationary core 28a Projection of stationary core 28b Flat portion (flat surface) of stationary core 28c Notch of stationary core

Claims (6)

[Claims] An electric motor for generating a rotational force; a power transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotational force generated by the electric motor to an engine; an electromagnetic switch for opening and closing an electric circuit of the electric motor; A starter for an internal combustion engine, wherein a component such as the electric motor and the power transmission mechanism and a center axis of the machine frame are arranged substantially on a straight line. And a fitting portion for positioning the electromagnetic switch on the outer peripheral surface of the electromagnetic switch and the outer peripheral surface of the inside of the machine frame or the outer peripheral surface of the other adjacent component. A starter characterized by: 2. The frame according to claim 1, wherein said fitting portion forms an outer peripheral surface of a substantially cylindrical frame forming a part of a magnetic circuit of said electromagnetic switch or a part of a magnetic circuit of said electromagnetic switch and is fixed to an end of said frame. 2. The starter according to claim 1, wherein the starter has irregularities formed on an outer peripheral surface of the stationary core and an inner peripheral surface of the machine frame. 3. 3. The starter according to claim 1, wherein the fitting portion is a flat surface provided on an outer peripheral surface of the frame and an inner peripheral surface of the machine frame. 4. The frame according to claim 1, wherein the fitting portion is an opening that exposes the attraction coil of the electromagnetic switch to the outer peripheral surface of the frame, and the inner peripheral surface of the machine frame is a flat surface. Starter described. 5. The frame according to claim 1, wherein the fitting portion is an opening that exposes an attraction coil of the electromagnetic switch to an outer peripheral surface of the frame, and the inner peripheral surface of the machine frame is a convex portion.
The starter described in. 6. The outer peripheral surface of the stationary core which is a part of the outer peripheral surface of the frame or a magnetic circuit of the electromagnetic switch and is fixed to the end of the frame, and the outer peripheral surface of the other adjacent component. 2. The starter according to claim 1, wherein the starter and the surface are irregularities.