JPH10131642A - Differential pressure adjusting window - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple, effective mechanism applied to a room to be kept airtight, so as to make pressure in the room escape. SOLUTION: A window body 12 for opening/closing an opening part 11 communicating the inside and outside of a room is fitted to the opening part 11 by rotatably journalling the upper part of the window body 12. It is so constituted as to open the opening part 11 by rotating the window body 12 upward to make pressure escape. A counterweight 13 energizing the window body 12 always in a closing direction by own weight is fitted to the window body 12. The position and weight of the counterweight 13 are made changeable to make energizing force in the closing direction variable. A dead lock 16 locked to the inside of the opening part 11 in the closed state of the window body 12 is provided, and a door 4 at the entrance of the room is provided with the opening part 11 where this differential pressure adjusting window is installed as a fenestella.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a differential pressure adjusting window which is applied to a chamber which is partitioned so as to be able to hold a differential pressure inside and outside.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is widely practiced in various fields to divide a chamber for a special purpose so as to be able to hold a differential pressure with the outside thereof, and to open and close an opening in such a chamber while holding a differential pressure. Then, a mechanism for enabling access is required. Taking an example in the field of civil engineering, an airlock chamber (also called a manlock chamber) provided at the entrance to a shaft in the pressurized shield method corresponds to this.

FIGS. 5 to 7 show a state in which an airlock chamber 2 is provided at the entrance and exit of a shield shaft 1. FIG. The airlock chamber 2 is a space provided outside the opening 3 communicating with the shaft 1 and capable of maintaining airtightness. As shown in FIG. 6, an internal door 4 for opening and closing the opening 3 and an external door 4 are provided. And an external door 6 that opens and closes an opening 5 communicating with the door. Each of the doors 4 and 6 is a double-opening type that is opened inward, and is always closed to maintain the pressure in the shaft 1 and the tunnel 7 leading to it at atmospheric pressure or higher. When carrying out the loading / unloading of the equipment, the doors 4 and 6 are alternately opened and closed and one of them is always closed, so that the pressure in the shaft 1 can be prevented from greatly decreasing. is there.

By the way, in the above case, the doors 4 and 6 are of the inward opening type that opens inward (high pressure side).
The doors 4 and 6 are naturally biased in the closing direction by the internal pressure, which is advantageous in maintaining airtightness. Conversely, when the doors 4 and 6 are opened to the low pressure side, the doors 4 and 6 are opened by the internal pressure. The main reason is that the opening operation is difficult due to the urging of the doors. However, when the doors 4 and 6 are opened inward (high pressure side), the doors 4 and 6 are opened. Therefore, there is a problem that a large force is required to overcome the internal pressure. When the pressure difference between the inside and outside is large or when the area of the doors 4 and 6 is large, the internal pressure applied to the entire doors 4 and 6 becomes large and it may not be easy to open by human power. As a countermeasure in such a case, the pressure in the air lock chamber 2 is adjusted when the doors 4 and 6 are opened and closed. That is, when entering the shaft 1 from outside, the inside of the airlock chamber 2 is kept at atmospheric pressure, the external door 6 is opened, and the inside of the airlock chamber 2 is entered. The internal door 4 is opened after the pressure is raised to the pressure. Conversely, when exiting from the inside of the shaft 1, the inside door 4 is opened and the inside of the airlock chamber 2 is opened under the same pressure as the inside of the airlock chamber 2, and the inside of the airlock chamber 2 is opened. Is reduced to atmospheric pressure, and then the external door 6 is opened.

Conventionally, such pressure control in the airlock chamber 2 is performed by supplying outside air to the airlock chamber 2 to increase the pressure, and exhausting the air therefrom to reduce the pressure. Usually, a differential pressure control system including a blower, a compressor, a duct system, and a control system for that purpose is provided in the airlock chamber 2.

[0006]

However, the provision of the above-mentioned differential pressure control equipment complicates the entire airlock mechanism and complicates the control, and also imposes a cost burden. Therefore, it has been said that it is necessary to develop an effective means that can more easily adjust the differential pressure.

[0007] Instead of using the complicated differential pressure control equipment as described above, the airlock chamber 2 is provided with a small-sized opening / closing opening, such as a small door or small window, to provide a large area. It is also conceivable that the internal pressure is released by opening the small-sized opening before opening the doors 4 and 6. Although this can simplify the equipment, the structure of the opening for releasing internal pressure is not only that it can be sufficiently airtight and easy to open and close, but it can also be opened carelessly. In order to prevent it from being left in a rolled-up state, it is required that it be able to close automatically when opened and to maintain a normally closed state.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, the present invention relates to a differential pressure adjusting window which is applied to a chamber which partitions the inside and the outside so as to be able to hold a differential pressure, and which is provided so as to communicate between the inside and the outside of the chamber. A window main body that opens and closes the opening is rotatably supported on the upper part of the opening, and the window main body receives a differential pressure between the inside and outside of the chamber while maintaining a substantially vertical posture. The opening is opened by closing the opening in an airtight manner and being rotated upward, and a counterweight that urges the window main body in a direction of always closing by its own weight is attached to the window main body. It is characterized by the following. The position of the counterweight can be adjusted in the direction of coming and going with respect to the window main body, and the biasing force in the closing direction given to the window main body by the counterweight can be changed,
Preferably, by adjusting the weight of the counterweight, the biasing force in the closing direction applied to the window body by the counterweight is variable. Further, it is preferable to provide an empty lock that locks the inside of the opening with the window body closed, and the opening is provided in a door that is an entrance and exit of the chamber, and the window body is provided in the door. It is preferable to provide it as a small window.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic structural views of the differential pressure adjusting window 10 of the present embodiment, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are views showing the installation state thereof. The differential pressure adjusting window 10 of the present embodiment is shown in FIGS. 7 and is applied to an airlock chamber 2 installed in a shield shaft 1 as shown in FIG.
Are provided as small windows respectively on the inner and outer doors 4 and 6 provided in the door. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the doors 4 and 6 are provided with an opening 11 having a small size, for example, about 200 mm in length and about 150 mm in width. Is provided to open and close.

The differential pressure adjusting window 10 of this embodiment has an opening 11
And a counterweight 13 for urging the window body 12 to close and open the window body. The window main body 12 has an empty lock 16 operated by a knob 14 on the front side and a lever handle 15 on the rear side. The upper part of the rear plate 17 of the window main body 12 is inside the doors 4 and 6 (the shield shaft 1 side). 1 is rotatably supported in the vertical direction by a hinge 18, and is positioned inside the opening 11 in a substantially vertical posture as shown by a solid line in FIG. 11 is closed, and is pivoted inward (high pressure side) to be opened to open the opening 11 as shown by the broken line.

A lever 19 projecting obliquely upward is attached to both upper sides of the back plate 17 of the window body 12, and the counterweight 13 is detachably attached between the levers 19, and the weight of the counterweight 13 is reduced. Thereby, the window main body 12 is always urged in the closing direction.

The lever 19 has a counter weight 13.
A mounting hole 20 for mounting the counterweight 13 is formed in five places in the front and rear, and the mounting position of the counterweight 13 can be adjusted in a direction of separating from and approaching the window body 12 by selecting one of the mounting holes 20. And
By the adjustment, the biasing force acting on the window main body 12 in the closing direction can be increased or decreased. That is, when the counterweight 13 is brought closer to the window main body 12, the moment acting on the window main body 12 is reduced and the urging force is reduced. Conversely, when the counter weight 13 is separated away, the moment is increased and the urging force is increased. Also, by changing the weight of the counterweight 13 itself, or by simultaneously attaching a plurality of counterweights 13 to adjust the total weight thereof, the urging force in the closing direction for urging the window body 12 is also increased or decreased. You can do it.

A packing 21 is mounted around the entire periphery of the opening 11, and when the window body 12 is closed, the peripheral portion of the back plate 17 receives the urging force of the counterweight 13 and the internal pressure. Is pressed against the packing 21 so that airtightness can be naturally maintained.

Conventionally, the differential pressure adjusting window 10 having the above structure is provided on both the inside and outside doors 4 and 6 of the air lock chamber 2 installed at the entrance of the shield shaft 1 as shown in FIGS. The differential pressure applied to the doors 4 and 6 can be eliminated and the door can be easily opened and closed without requiring a facility for adjusting the pressure in the air lock chamber 2 which was required.

That is, when the inside of the airlock chamber 2 has the same pressure as the inside of the shaft 1 when entering the shaft 1 from outside, the differential pressure adjusting window 10 provided on the door 6 is opened.
At this time, the window body 12 is opened against the internal pressure,
Since the area of the window main body 12 is sufficiently small, the internal pressure applied thereto is not so large and can be easily opened. As a result, the air inside the air lock chamber 2 flows out through the opened opening 11 and quickly drops to the atmospheric pressure, so that the differential pressure acting on the external door 6 is eliminated. When the door 6 is opened to enter the air lock chamber 2 and the door 6 is closed, the differential pressure adjusting window 10 attached to the inner door 4 is opened. At this time, the air lock chamber 2 is at atmospheric pressure, and the shaft 1
Since the inside is at a high pressure, a differential pressure is applied to the window main body 12, but the window main body 12 can be easily opened because the window main body 12 is small as in the above case. When the window main body 12 is opened, the air in the shaft 1 flows out into the airlock chamber 2 through the opening 11, and the airlock chamber 2 quickly enters the airlock chamber 2.
It becomes the same pressure as inside. In this state, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the door 4 is eliminated, so that the door 4 can be easily opened without any trouble. When going out of the shaft 1 to the outside, the procedure reverse to the above may be used.

As described above, by adopting the differential pressure adjusting window 10 described above, the differential pressure can be eliminated only by opening the window main body 12, so that the inside of the air lock chamber 2, which has been conventionally required, can be eliminated. This eliminates the need for complicated and expensive equipment for pressure control, which can greatly contribute to equipment cost reduction. The above-mentioned differential pressure adjusting window 10 has a very simple configuration in which the window main body 12 having a small size having the counterweight 13 is attached to the doors 4 and 6 by the hinge 18, so that a large production cost is required. Also, since no power is required, there is no need for operating costs or maintenance costs, and the device can be used without trouble even in the event of a power outage or emergency. Further, since the doors 4 and 6 at the entrance are provided as small windows, the opening and the subsequent opening of the doors 4 and 6 can be performed as a series of operations, and the operability is excellent.

In particular, the differential pressure adjusting window 10 is always given a biasing force in the closing direction to the window main body 12 by the weight of the counterweight 13 regardless of the presence or absence of the differential pressure. Even if it is opened carelessly, it does not close itself and remain open. In addition, since there is an empty lock 16 which is automatically locked in the closed state, if the pressure difference between the inside and outside is reversed and a negative pressure is applied to the window main body 12, that is, the inside of the doors 4 and 6 becomes the atmospheric pressure. In the following cases, the window main body 12 does not open inward. However, if there is no such concern, the empty lock can be omitted.

Further, when the window body 12 is closed, it is pressed against the packing 21 by the urging force of the counterweight 13, so that the airtightness can be maintained sufficiently. It is possible to easily adjust the biasing force applied to the window main body 12 to be optimal only by adjusting, and the quantitative evaluation thereof is also easy. Moreover, since the counterweight 13 approaches the position immediately above the hinge 18 as the window main body 12 is widely opened, the urging force in the closing direction is reduced, and therefore, it is easy to maintain the large open state.

It should be noted that the differential pressure adjusting window 10 of the above embodiment is
The counterweight 13 is automatically closed and normally closed by applying a biasing force in the closing direction due to the weight of the counterweight 13, and the airtightness is ensured. Instead of applying the biasing force by the counterweight 13, It is also conceivable to apply the urging force by using other means, for example, the elastic restoring force of the spring. However, when using a spring,
It is not always easy to configure the window main body 12 to be able to be opened widely. Conversely, when the counter weight 13 is used, the larger the opening, the greater the restoring force of the spring. Is difficult, and it is not easy to change the urging force, which is not preferable. Further, it may be considered that the window main body 12 is closed by using the attraction force of the magnet, but it is difficult to quantitatively grasp the attraction force of the magnet to give an optimal urging force, and it is still preferable. Absent. In consideration of the above points, the configuration that gives the urging force in the closing direction to the window main body 12 using the own weight of the counterweight 13 as described above is the simplest and effective.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention can be applied not only to the airlock chamber of a shield shaft but also to general cases where it is necessary to release a differential pressure. Of course, the present invention can be applied to a case where the inside is always maintained at a negative pressure. Needless to say, the specific configuration of each component can be appropriately changed as long as the biasing force in the closing direction is given by the weight of the counterweight. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the differential pressure adjusting window is provided as a small window on the door as an entrance, but the present invention is not limited to this. A part may be provided and installed there.
In the above embodiment, the window main body is naturally closed and opened to the high pressure side in an advantageous manner in maintaining airtightness. However, as long as the window main body is configured not to open even when subjected to internal pressure, the window main body is opened. It does not prevent the body from opening to the low pressure side.

[0021]

As described above, in the differential pressure adjusting window of the present invention, a window main body for opening and closing an opening communicating between the inside and the outside of a chamber capable of maintaining airtightness is provided so that an upper portion thereof is rotatable, and a window main body is provided. Is biased in the closing direction by the weight of the counterweight, so that the pressure can be released without the need for complicated and expensive pressure control equipment, and it is easy to open and close. Can be automatically closed and normally closed when it is closed, preventing accidental opening.It can be manufactured inexpensively with a very simple configuration, and there is no need for operation and maintenance costs. It has an excellent advantage that it can be used without any trouble at the time of power failure or emergency. In particular, if the position and weight of the counterweight can be adjusted, the biasing force in the closing direction can be adjusted optimally and easily. If an empty lock is provided on the window body, it can be more reliably prevented from being opened carelessly, and if it is provided as a small window on the entrance door, the operation of releasing the pressure and the subsequent opening operation of the door will be a series of There is an advantage that it can be performed as an operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a differential pressure adjusting window according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example in which the differential pressure adjusting window is applied to a door of an airlock chamber of a shield shaft.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a shield shaft provided with a conventional general airlock chamber.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the air lock chamber.

FIG. 7 is a front view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Air lock chamber 4, 6 Door 10 Differential pressure adjustment window 11 Opening 12 Window body 13 Counter weight 16 Empty lock

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A differential pressure adjusting window applied to a chamber dividing the inside and the outside so as to be able to hold a differential pressure, wherein the window body opens and closes an opening provided to communicate the inside and the outside of the chamber. The window body is rotatably supported at its upper part, and the window body is closed in an airtight manner and rotated upward while receiving a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the chamber while maintaining the substantially vertical posture. A differential pressure adjusting window, characterized in that the opening is opened by being made to work, and a counterweight that urges the window body in a direction to always close the window body by its own weight is attached to the window body. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the position of the counterweight is adjustable in a direction in which the counterweight is moved toward and away from the window main body, and a biasing force applied to the window main body in a closing direction by the counterweight is variable. Item 2. The differential pressure adjusting window according to Item 1. 3. The differential pressure adjusting window according to claim 1, wherein the weight of the counterweight is adjusted to vary the biasing force applied to the window body in the closing direction by the counterweight. . 4. The differential pressure adjusting window according to claim 1, further comprising an empty lock which is locked inside the opening when the window main body is closed. 5. The differential pressure adjustment according to claim 1, wherein said opening is provided in a door which is an entrance and exit of said chamber, and said window main body is provided as a small window in said door. window.