JPH10123102A - Method and device for predicting collapse of bedrock - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To predict the collapse of a bedrock accurately and positively by listening to the small collapse sound of a rock due to the warning phenomenon of a bedrock collapse accurately and positively. SOLUTION: A device has high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a-1d buried into a bedrock, an AE measuring instrument 3, a speaker 4, a communication line 5, a personal computer 6, and a digital tape recorder 7. Then, by listening to a detection signal sound from the speaker 4, it is predicted to be an initial stage where the bedrock is slightly cracked when the frequency of the collapse sound of the bedrock is high and the sound level is small, it is predicted that the crack of the bedrock progresses when a large sound as in the case when a crack surface is rubbed, and it is predicted that the collapse of the bedrock approaches when the interval of the collapse sound heard due to the progress of the above crack is small and can be frequently detected. Also, the number of occurrence of the collapse sound by an AE measuring device 3 and the operation result of an amplitude distribution are displayed on a CRT, thus graphically displaying the aging of the bedrock collapse.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for predicting the collapse of a bedrock which detects a minute vibration caused by the collapse of the bedrock covering a tunnel or the like with an AE (acoustic emission) sensor and predicts the state of the bedrock collapse based on the detected signal. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an inclined surface of a rock mass covering a tunnel or the like has a short time from the start of displacement due to the progress of fracture (crack) to the collapse. In other words, the cracked rock mass easily collapses rapidly, and it has been difficult to predict this collapse in advance. For this reason, serious disasters involving personal injury have frequently occurred. It has long been said that such prediction of rock collapse is effective to detect precursory phenomena of collapse, for example, the phenomenon of pebbles falling down as quickly as possible. It is also said that it is effective to detect subtle rock breaking sounds as early as possible. Many of the predictions using this precursory phenomenon are qualitative, and a quantitative measurement method has not been established. Therefore, it is difficult at present to accurately and reliably predict a rock failure.

[0003]

As described above, in the above-mentioned conventional example, there is a problem that effective prediction for rock failure cannot be performed because a method for quantitatively measuring a precursory phenomenon of collapse has not been established. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to be able to accurately and surely hear the destruction sound of a small rock accompanying the precursory phenomenon of a rock collapse, and to predict the collapse of the rock more accurately and reliably through human hearing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for predicting rock collapse which can be performed.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention electrically detects a minute vibration caused by rock destruction by an AE sensor, converts the detection signal into sound, and outputs the sound. Listening to the sound output and estimating a condition in the rock mass from changes in the characteristics and the number of occurrences of the rock fracture sound to predict a rock mass collapse. Further, the present invention predicts that when the rock breaking sound is a small sound having a high frequency, it is an initial stage in which a small crack is formed in the rock, and when a loud sound such that the crack surface rubs is heard, the rock It is characterized in that it is predicted that a crack has developed, and when the interval between destructive sounds heard along with the progress of the crack is small and is frequently detected, it is predicted that the rock collapse is approaching.

[0005] The present invention also provides an AE sensor that electrically detects minute vibrations caused by rock mass destruction and outputs a detection signal, and an amplifying unit that amplifies a detection signal output from the AE sensor. A sound is output by being driven by the output signal from the amplifying means, and the sound output is listened to estimate the condition in the rock from the change in the characteristics and the number of occurrences of the rock breaking sound to predict the rock collapse. And a speaker.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the amplifying means includes a variable means for varying a volume of the speaker. Further, the invention is characterized in that a plurality of the AE sensors are provided, and detection signals output from the plurality of AE sensors are combined and input to the amplifying unit. Further, the present invention is characterized in that an AE measuring device is provided, and the AE measuring device calculates the number of occurrences of the destructive sound and the amplitude distribution based on the detection signal from the AE sensor. Further, the present invention is characterized in that a recording means for recording a detection signal of the AE sensor is provided.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that a communication transmission means for transmitting the detection signal of the AE sensor through a communication line is provided. Further, the present invention provides at least the AE
Controlling the setting of the AE parameter measured by the measuring device, the start or stop of the measurement, the start or stop of the automatic recording by the recording means, and the transmission of the detection signal to a remote place by the communication transmission means. A control means for controlling start / stop is provided. In the present invention, an external control device is connected to the control means, and setting of AE parameters measured by the AE measuring device, control of measurement start or stop are set from the external control device, and control of the recording means is performed by the recording means. Set automatic recording start or stop control, and
It is characterized in that a setting for controlling start / stop of transmission of a detection signal to a remote place by the communication transmission means is performed.

The present invention also provides a plurality of AE sensors, an amplifying means provided for each of the AE sensors, and amplifying each detection signal, and an amplifying means provided for each amplifying means. It is characterized by having means for calculating the number of occurrences of the destruction sound and the amplitude distribution from the output. In addition, the present invention includes a wireless transmission unit and a wireless reception unit, wirelessly transmits a detection signal output from each AE sensor from the wireless transmission unit, and outputs a detection signal received by the wireless reception unit to an amplification unit. It is characterized by the following.

In the method and apparatus for predicting rock collapse according to the present invention, the sound accompanying the rock break is detected by the AE sensor, the detection signal is converted into sound and output, and the sound output is heard. It estimates the state of the rock mass from changes in the characteristics and the number of occurrences of rock fracture noise, and predicts the rock collapse. Therefore, it is possible to accurately and reliably hear a minute rock breaking sound accompanying the precursory phenomenon of the rock collapse. As a result, it is possible to more accurately and reliably predict the collapse of the bedrock through human hearing. Further, in the rock failure prediction device of the present invention, the volume of the detection signal from the speaker is varied, and the detection signals output from the plurality of AE sensors are combined, or the detection signals of each AE sensor are individually Since the calculation is performed, it is possible to detect the collapse state of the rock in various rock structures in real time, and it is also possible to accurately and reliably detect the rock failure in whole and in part.

[0010] In the rock failure prediction apparatus of the present invention,
By calculating the number of occurrences and the amplitude distribution of the destruction sound from the detection signal, it is possible to display the waveform of the detection signal and / or to display the frequency versus wave height level. In addition to being able to reliably and predict rock fracture, analysis by recording and playback at a later date is possible, and detection of uninhabited rock fracture is possible. Further, in the rock failure prediction device of the present invention, since the detection signal is transmitted through the communication line, it is possible to detect a rock failure caused by a remote place or unmanned. Further, AE parameter setting by the AE measuring device, start or stop of measurement, start or stop of automatic recording by recording means, and start / stop of transmission of a detection signal to a remote place by communication transmission means.
Stops are individually controlled, and settings that enable detection of uninhabited rock destruction are easily performed. In addition, since the detection signal from the AE sensor is wirelessly transmitted to the AE measuring device, it is possible to easily detect a rock fracture at a position away from a dangerous place where a rock collapse is likely.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of a method and apparatus for predicting rock collapse according to the present invention will be described. FIG.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view showing an entire configuration of a first embodiment of a rock failure prediction device according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, in this example, high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d as AE sensors are embedded in a rock mass above a tunnel T. The high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d use, for example, a piezoelectric element that supplies a constant current from a DC power supply (not shown).
The output voltage corresponding to the displacement of rock breaking applied to the piezoelectric element is extracted. The output voltage is output through a low-noise amplifier.

The output terminals of the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d are connected in parallel with matching impedance and the like, and a detection signal from the output terminals is provided to an AE measuring device 3 shown in FIG. Is entered. The AE measuring device 3 is provided with a speaker 4 for outputting a destruction sound and listening to the destruction sound by a person to predict a collapse. further,
The AE measuring device 3 includes a high-sensitivity acceleration sensor 1a at a remote location.
An external control for transmitting a detection signal from .about.1d, for example, a communication line 5 connected to a wired telephone line network, and setting up the AE measuring device 3 for control described in detail below A personal computer (PC) 6 as an apparatus is connected. Further, a digital tape recorder (DAT) 7 is connected as recording means for recording detection signals from the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d, that is, changes over time of the rock breaking sound. Note that the personal computer 6 may use a programmable controller configured to perform dedicated control.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the AE measuring device 3 in FIG. 2, the AE measuring device 3 includes a main amplifier 10 for amplifying detection signals from the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d.
A sub-amplifier 11 is provided for sending to the sub-amplifier. In addition, the main amplifier 10 has 100
Amplifies a wide band from Hz to 20 kHz. An operational amplifier (op-amp) configured to amplify a frequency band of 100 Hz to 20 kHz in the sub-amplifier 11 so that a monitoring person can listen to the detection signal, as described below.
And so on. Further, the AE measuring device 3 is provided with a counter 12 for sampling and quantizing the detection signals from the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d and calculating the number of occurrences of destructive sounds and the amplitude distribution from the quantized data. I have. further,
A control unit 13 that controls each unit and a communication interface (I / F) unit 14 as a communication unit that performs connection processing including digital / analog conversion for transmitting a detection signal to a remote place through a wired public line are provided. Have been. Further, the AE measuring device 3 impedance-matches a detection signal to an interface with a personal computer 6, for example, a PC interface (I / F) unit 15 such as RS-232C, and a digital tape recorder 7.
And a buffer 1 for setting and outputting at a predetermined level.
6 are provided.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. 1 and 2, high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d buried in the rock on the upper part of the tunnel T provide a low-noise electric potential corresponding to a minute vibration caused by the rock breaking which is applied to the internal piezoelectric element. The signal is amplified by an amplifier and a detection signal as a voltage change is output. This detection signal is input to the AE measuring device 3. In the AE measuring device 3 shown in FIG. 2, the main amplifier 10 amplifies the detection signals from the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d. The amplified output from here is the sub-amplifier 1.
1 and the volume is adjusted by the volume VR so that the observer can easily listen to the sound from the speaker 4. The output level detection signal is output as sound from the speaker 4. The detection signal includes noise sound other than the rock destruction sound, but as described below, the monitoring person listens to the detection signal sound in which the noise sound is superimposed on the rock destruction sound, and detects the rock destruction sound and the noise sound. Predict collapse separately.

As the rock breaking sound, it is known from experiments and experiences that the following breaking sounds are generated. The frequency band of the rock breaking sound contains a broadband component of about 100 Hz to several hundred kHz, but here, the rock breaking sound and the noise sound in the detection signal sound heard by the observer's ear are discriminated, and the rock breaking sound is discriminated. In order to predict the destruction state, a detection signal having a frequency band of about 100 Hz to 20 kHz, which is an audible sound, is output from the speaker 4. (1) In the initial stage in which a minute crack occurs, a destructive sound with a high frequency of about 5 kHz and a small sound is generated. As the generated sound, a destructive sound “pip-pip-pip” is heard. (2) When the crack progresses, a loud noise is generated as if the crack surface rubs. As the sound generated when the friction is generated, a destruction sound such as “paschi, snap, don” is heard. (3) When approaching the collapse, the interval of occurrence becomes small, and as this generated sound, a destructive sound called “pip-pip-pip” is frequently heard.

The detection signal output from the main amplifier 10 shown in FIG. The counter 12 calculates the AE parameters such as the number of ring-downs, the number of events, and the amplitude distribution. The discrimination between the rock destruction sound and the noise sound is performed by combining the observation of the waveform and the frequency allocation with the hearing of the person monitoring the rock destruction sound (hearing).

When such a rock failure prediction is performed, the control is set from the personal computer 6 to the control unit 13 through the PC interface unit 15. This setting includes setting of measurement conditions to be used in the AE measuring device 3, starting and stopping of the measurement in the AE measuring device 3, and setting the digital tape recorder 7.
Start or stop of automatic recording. Further, a temporal change regarding information such as the number of occurrences of AE is output to a screen or a printer. As a result, the temporal change of the rock failure can be displayed in a graph. In addition, control for starting / stopping transmission of a detection signal to a remote location via the communication interface unit 14 is set. Further, the detection signal output from the sub-amplifier 11 is output to the digital tape recorder 7 through the buffer 16, and the detection signal sound, that is, the detection signal sound in which the noise sound is superimposed on the rock breaking sound is automatically recorded as a temporal change. . This recording tape will be heard by a number of observers at a later date or in a remote location,
Predicts rock failure by discriminating rock breaking noise and noise noise.

When the control for starting or stopping the automatic recording for the digital tape recorder 7 is set, the start / stop command is sent from the control unit 13 to the digital tape recorder 7 through the buffer 16. Note that an analog tape recorder can be used instead of the digital tape recorder 7, but the digital tape recorder 7 is optimally used. This is because the digital tape recorder 7 has little recording deterioration with respect to the detection signal in the frequency band of 100 kHz to 20 kHz and can obtain a long recording time.

Next, if the control unit 13 is set to start / stop the transmission of the detection signal to a remote location, the counter 1
The control unit 13 takes in the digitalized detection signal from the control unit 2 and transmits the detection signal to a remote place through the communication interface unit 14 and the communication line 5. When the communication line 5 is an analog line, the communication interface unit 14 converts a digitalized detection signal into an analog signal and sets the signal to a frequency band or the like of the analog communication line 5. (Modulator / demodulator). The detection signal of the analog signal may be directly transmitted. In the case of the digital communication line 5, the communication interface unit 14 is connected to a line terminating device (DS
U). Further, when the communication line 5 is not connected to the place where the AE measuring device 3 is installed, the mobile telephone system can be used. In this case, the communication interface unit 14 is configured to perform transmission connection processing of the detection signal with the mobile telephone.

Next, a description will be given of a collapse prediction performed by a monitoring person listening to the detection signal sound from the peaker 4 and discriminating the rock breaking sound and the noise sound. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a normal prediction method related to rock failure prediction. In FIG. 3, a regular patrol is performed in which the observer goes to the installation location of the AE measuring device 3 (step S10). Next, the monitoring person listens to the detection signal sound from the peaker 4, and confirms the number of rock breaking sounds generated. Here, the number of rock breaking sounds
For example, it is determined whether the number has increased or decreased since the previous patrol. Alternatively, it is empirically determined whether the number of occurrences is large or small (step S11). If it is determined that the number of occurrences is small and no abnormality has occurred,
And the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d shown in FIG. 2, each part of the AE measuring device 3, the personal computer 6, and
The connection and the like are maintained and inspected (step S12). When it is determined that an abnormality has occurred based on the number of occurrences of the rock breaking sound, the generation sound thereof, and the like, the following abnormal time processing shown in FIG. 4 is executed (step S13).

FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a method for predicting an abnormal situation in which rock failure has occurred. In FIG.
When it is determined that the number of occurrences of rock breaking noise is increasing or when it is determined empirically that the number of occurrences is large (step S2).
0), it is determined whether this detection signal sound is a rock breaking sound or a noise sound (step S21). If the sound is a noise sound, the process is terminated. When it is determined that the sound is a rock breaking sound, it is determined whether or not the sound at the initial stage of the generation of the minute cracks is a breaking sound of a high frequency of about 5 kHz and a small sound “pip-pip-pip”. In addition, it is determined whether or not the cracking sound is a destructive sound such as "paschi, snap, don", which is a loud noise that rubs the crack surface. Further, it is determined whether or not the occurrence interval becomes short as the collapse approaches, and the destruction sound “pip-pip-pip” is frequent. The situation in the rock is estimated from the change in the characteristics and the number of occurrences of the destruction sound centering on the three stages (step S22). Based on the result, the observer predicts rock failure (step S23).

As described above, in the first embodiment, it becomes possible for a person to accurately and surely hear the sound of destruction of the rock due to the precursory phenomenon of the rock collapse, and the prediction of the rock collapse is more accurate. It can be performed reliably. in this case,
Since the stability of the rock due to human hearing can be intuitively evaluated, the discrimination between noise and rock breaking sound is performed accurately and reliably. In addition, since the prediction is performed based on human senses, the prediction can be easily performed for observation on a display screen of a computer. Further, since the detection signal is amplified and the sound volume is output while varying the output volume from the speaker, the sound of the rock collapse can be heard clearly, and the prediction thereof becomes easy.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the second embodiment. In FIG. 5, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the components will be omitted. The description will be focused on the portions different from FIG. 1. In the second embodiment, the high-sensitivity acceleration sensor 1a -1d are individually monitored. For this reason, in the AE measuring device 3a shown in FIG.
Main amplifier 10a for amplifying the 1d detection signal
To 10d, and each of the main amplifiers 10a to 10d
After the output of 10d, the counters 12a to 12d are respectively connected. The counters 12a to 12d calculate the number of occurrences of the destruction sound and the amplitude distribution from the detection signals of the corresponding high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d. The calculation results of these counters are output to the control unit 13. . The subsequent operation is the same as in the first embodiment, and the prediction of the rock failure performed by the observer is also the same. In the second embodiment, the detection signal detected by each of the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d can be measured and processed in real time by the AE measuring device 3, and the rock collapse at each location where the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d are buried. It can predict, and can predict the collapse of the whole rock mass.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the third embodiment. 6, in the second embodiment, detection signals output from the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d are wirelessly transmitted to the AE measuring device 3b. For this purpose, the detection signals output from the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d are combined, and the sensor transmitter 21 performs processing such as modulation, frequency conversion, and low power amplification, and wirelessly transmits the signals from the antenna Ant. In the AE measuring device 3b, the receiving unit 22 receives a transmission signal arriving at the antenna Ant. This receiving unit 22
Then, the detection signals output from the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d are demodulated and output to the main amplifier 10. The subsequent operation is the same as in the first embodiment, and the prediction of the rock failure performed by the observer is also the same. In the third embodiment, the detection signals output from the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d are combined and transmitted from the sensor transmitter 21, but the detection signals output from each of the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d are Individual wireless transmission may be performed. In this case, the detection signals output from the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d may be transmitted using a time division multiplexing (TDMA) method or the like. Further, as a modulation method, a spread spectrum (SS) method or the like is suitable in order to prevent a data error due to noise such as a lightning strike.

Further, the identification numbers (ID) given to the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d are assigned to the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d.
1d can be transmitted by being superimposed on the detection signal output from each of them. By displaying this identification number on the screen of the AE measuring device 3 together with the waveform and the like, it becomes easy to determine which of the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d is displayed on the screen. In the third embodiment, since the detection signals output from the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d are wirelessly transmitted, the degree of freedom of the installation location of the rock failure prediction device shown in FIG. 6 is improved. For example, when the buried place of the high-sensitivity acceleration sensors 1a to 1d is a place where it is difficult to install the AE measuring device 3 such as a steeply sloping rock on a coast, this A
The E measurement device 3 can be mounted on a marine vessel for measurement.

In the first to third embodiments, 4
Although the description has been given using the one high-sensitivity acceleration sensor 1a to 1d, the same operation and effect can be obtained with one to three high-sensitivity acceleration sensors. The same operation and effect can be obtained with five or more high-sensitivity acceleration sensors. This number may be determined based on the size (area) of the rock or the structure of the rock. Also, the description has been given using one digital tape recorder 7. However, when the recording time is to be lengthened, the switching control is performed so that a plurality of digital tape recorders are used and the control unit 13 sequentially records the detection signals. May be performed. in this case,
After confirming the end of each recording in a plurality of digital tape recorders, control to start the next digital tape recorder is performed. For this reason, a timer for knowing the end of recording by the digital tape recorder is provided, or the control unit 13 is configured to take in a recording end command from the digital tape recorder. In addition, when a time counting circuit or the like based on a synthesized voice is provided and the time is superimposed when the detection signal is recorded, the time for the occurrence of the rock breaking sound can be determined.

[0027]

As described above, according to the method and apparatus for predicting the collapse of a bedrock according to the present invention, the sound accompanying the breakdown of the bedrock is detected by the AE sensor, and the detection signal is converted into sound and output. At the same time as listening to this sound output, it is possible to quantitatively grasp the number of occurrences of the destruction sound and changes in amplitude. This allows
Since the condition inside the rock is estimated from the change in the characteristics and the number of occurrences of the rock breaking sound, the rock failure is predicted, so that humans can accurately and reliably hear the sound of the small rock breaking accompanying the precursory phenomenon of the rock failure. And the prediction of the rock collapse can be made more accurately and reliably through human hearing. Moreover, in the rock failure prediction apparatus of the present invention, the volume of the detection signal from the speaker is varied, and the detection signals output from the plurality of AE sensors are combined or selected for listening. The whole and partial detection of the rock collapse in the rock structure can be accurately and reliably performed. In addition, in the rock failure prediction device of the present invention, since the detection signal is recorded, it is possible to analyze by recording and reproduction at a later date,
In addition, detection of uninhabited rock destruction becomes possible. Also,
In the rock failure prediction device of the present invention, the detection signal is transmitted through the communication line, and various measurement settings are performed in the AE measurement device, and the transmission of the detection signal to a remote place is controlled. The setting for enabling detection of uninhabited rock failure can be easily performed, and rock failure can be detected at a position distant from a dangerous place where rock failure may occur.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a first embodiment of a rock failure prediction device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the AE measuring device in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a normal prediction method according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of predicting an abnormality in the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a third embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1a-1d High-sensitivity acceleration sensor (AE sensor) 3 AE measuring device 4 Speaker 5 Communication line 6 Personal computer 7 Digital tape recorder 10, 10a-10d Main amplifier 11 Sub-amplifier 12, 12a-12d Counter 13 Control unit 14 Communication interface unit 15 PC interface unit 16 Buffer 21 Sensor transmitter 22 Receiver

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A micro vibration caused by rock breaking is electrically detected by an AE sensor, the detected signal is converted into sound and output, and the sound output is listened to to obtain characteristics and the number of rock breaking sounds. A method for estimating a rock failure by estimating a condition in the rock from the change of the rock. 2. When the breaking sound of the rock is a small sound having a high frequency, it is predicted to be an initial stage in which a minute crack is formed in the rock, and when a loud sound such as the friction of the crack surface is heard, the rock is damaged. Predicting that a crack is growing, and predicting that rock collapse is approaching when the interval between destructive sounds heard with the growth of the crack is small and detected frequently. The method for predicting rock collapse according to claim 1. 3. An AE sensor that electrically detects minute vibrations caused by rock destruction and outputs a detection signal, an amplification unit that amplifies a detection signal output from the AE sensor, and an amplification unit. A speaker for outputting a sound by being driven by the output signal of, listening to this sound output, estimating the condition in the rock from the change in the characteristics and the number of occurrences of the rock fracture sound, and predicting a rock collapse, and A rock failure prediction device, comprising: 4. The rock failure prediction apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said amplification means includes a variable means for varying a volume of said speaker. 5. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of AE sensors are provided, and detection signals output from the plurality of AE sensors are combined and input to the amplification means. 6. An AE measurement device, wherein the AE measurement device calculates the number of destructive sounds and the amplitude distribution based on a detection signal from the AE sensor. Rock failure prediction device. 7. The rock failure prediction apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising recording means for recording a detection signal of the AE sensor. 8. The rock failure prediction device according to claim 3, further comprising a communication transmission unit that transmits a detection signal of the AE sensor through a communication line. 9. Controlling at least the setting, starting or stopping of AE parameters measured by the AE measuring device, controlling the start or stop of automatic recording by the recording means, and controlling the communication transmission means. 9. The rock failure prediction device according to claim 6, further comprising control means for controlling start / stop of transmission of the detection signal to a remote place. 10. An external control device is connected to the control means, and setting of AE parameters to be measured by the AE measuring apparatus, control of measurement start or stop is set from the external control apparatus, and automatic control by the recording means is performed. 10. The apparatus for predicting the collapse of a rock mass according to claim 9, wherein control for starting or stopping recording is set, and setting for controlling start / stop of transmission of a detection signal to a remote place by the communication transmission means is performed. . 11. A plurality of AE sensors are provided, an amplifying means provided for each of the AE sensors, and an amplifying means for amplifying each detection signal, and a destruction sound from each amplified output provided for each amplifying means. The rock failure prediction apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising means for calculating the number of occurrences and the amplitude distribution of the rocks. 12. A wireless transmission unit and a wireless reception unit, wherein the detection signal output from each AE sensor is wirelessly transmitted from the wireless transmission unit, and the detection signal received by the wireless reception unit is output to an amplification unit. The rock failure prediction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: