JPH10118629A - Apparatus and method for cleaning water - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To purify water of a basin, a lake or rivers a basin, a lake or rivers of which a problem of water pollution is raised. SOLUTION: Raw water is supplied to a purifying tank and fine bubbles are raised toward the surface of raw water from the bottom part of this purifying tank and waste refuse, org. matter or bacteria in raw water are stuck to these air bubbles to be accompanied by air bubbles and a part of raw water to which waste refuse is stuck to be allowed to overflow from the upper end surface of the purifying tank or filtered by a filter agent such as zeolite to be primarily filtered. This primarily filtered treated water is supplied to a water purifying tank filled with a solid oxygen generator such as calcium peroxide and passed through a purifying tank to be purified. This treated water is supplied to a water purifying tank packed with activated carbon to be further purified. By this constitution, treated water free from waste refuse, having oxygen sufficiently dissolved therein and decolored and deodorized is obtaned.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a water purification apparatus and a water purification method for purifying water quality of ponds, lakes, rivers, and the like. The water purification device of the present invention includes a water purification layer composed of a water purification agent containing a solid oxygen generating agent. Therefore, treated water in which oxygen is sufficiently dissolved can be obtained, and specific water purification effects such as a decrease in orthophosphate ion concentration can be obtained. In addition, a water purification layer composed of a water purification agent containing activated carbon is also provided, so that organic substances and the like are removed, and decolorization and deodorization are performed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, in many parks, golf courses, and the like, water pollution of ponds, lakes, and the like has become serious. Also,
Even in rivers and the like, the deterioration of water quality has become a problem in the middle and lower basins due to large amounts of industrial and domestic wastewater. These not only spoil the aesthetics but also cause serious problems such as generation of foul odors and death of carp. As a countermeasure, various purification equipment, materials, and the like have been put to practical use. However, these conventional equipment,
For materials and the like, dust and the like are removed, but no consideration is given to obtaining treated water in which sufficient oxygen is dissolved.

[0003]

The water purifying apparatus of the present invention solves the problems of the above-mentioned conventional water purifying equipment, materials and the like. In particular, in addition to the removal of fine dust, organic substances, microorganisms, etc. Provided is a water purification device for obtaining treated water in which sufficient oxygen has been dissolved and decolorized and deodorized. In addition, the present invention provides a method for purifying water quality by filtering raw water to purify water quality, or purifying water quality by adhering and accompanying dust and the like to fine bubbles rising in raw water, and then treating the treated water with a solid oxygen generating agent. The present invention provides a water purification method for introducing and permeating into a water purification layer constituted by the above and dissolving sufficient oxygen. Furthermore, in addition to these water purifications, a water purification method is provided in which treated water is introduced into a water purification layer made of activated carbon, is allowed to permeate to remove organic substances, and is decolorized and deodorized.

[0004]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water purification apparatus including a first water purification layer comprising a first water purification agent containing a solid oxygen generating agent. Further, the water purification device of the second invention is constituted by a first water purification layer composed of a first water purification agent containing a solid oxygen generating agent, and a second water purification agent containing activated carbon. And a second water purification layer.

[0005] The main raw material of the "solid oxygen generator" can be variously selected within a range in which the object of the present invention can be achieved, and examples thereof include calcium peroxide. The solid oxygen generating agent may be in the form and size of powder, granule or pellet, or may be a lump having a larger particle size. Moreover, as the above-mentioned "activated carbon", those usually used for water purification can be used without particular limitation. This activated carbon is silver,
Copper, zinc, tin or the like may be supported and may have antibacterial properties.

[0006] The "first water purification agent" and the "second water purification agent"
It is preferable that each of the "water purification agents" is composed of only a solid oxygen generator or activated carbon. Thereby, the water purifying effect specific to each of the solid oxygen generator and the activated carbon is sufficiently and efficiently achieved. However, as long as the required water purification effect of the first water purification agent and the second water purification agent is not impaired, other porous materials having a water purification effect such as zeolite and perlite may be mixed and used. Good. Further, two or more of these porous bodies can be used in combination.

[0007] The above-mentioned solid oxygen generator and activated carbon are usually composed of granules or powder, and especially activated carbon is often a fine powder. Therefore, the "first water purification layer"
And the above-mentioned "second water purification layer" is usually formed by filling a container made of, for example, metal, plastic, fiber-reinforced plastic, or the like with a solid oxygen generator and activated carbon, zeolite or the like optionally used, and the like. You. In particular, activated carbon and the like may be easily transported by flowing water. In order to prevent such activated carbon from flowing out of the container, a wire mesh and a porous material are usually provided at the inlet and outlet of the water to be treated so that the activated carbon and the like do not flow out by the water to be treated. A filter made of a film or the like is mounted.

In the second invention, the first water purification layer and the second water purification layer are each filled with a solid oxygen generating agent, activated carbon and the like in separate containers, and these containers are connected by piping. It may be configured. Further, the first and second water purification layers are formed in the same container with a partition therebetween, and the treated water that has passed through one of the water purification layers and has been purified can be separated from the bottom surface of the container and the partition without using piping. Through the space between the lower end surface of the or through holes provided in the partition itself,
A configuration may also be adopted in which the water is circulated through the other water purification layer, and the water is purified through the purification layer.

The partition may be a plate-like body through which the treated water can flow only from the vicinity of the lower end.
In this case, a space may be provided between the bottom surface of the container and the lower end surface of the plate-shaped body through which the treated water can flow over the entire width of the plate-shaped body. Further, the plate-shaped body may be provided with through holes, slits, etc. of an appropriate size and number only in the vicinity of the lower end of the plate according to the particle diameter of the solid oxygen generating agent or activated carbon. The partition wall must have rigidity such that it is not easily deformed by the weight of the filled water purification agent or the flow of water. For example, a plate made of metal such as stainless steel, plastic such as polypropylene, ABS resin, or fiber-reinforced plastic is used. It can be constituted by a shape. Further, the partition wall may have the above-mentioned through-holes, slits and the like provided evenly on the entire surface of the plate-like body.

In addition, particularly in the case where activated carbon or the like is fine, when a through hole or the like is provided in a place where the treated water flows near the lower end of the partition wall made of metal or plastic, or in the entire surface of the partition wall, It is preferable to dispose a porous sheet that easily transmits water but does not transmit activated carbon or the like on the entire surface on both sides. Examples of such a porous sheet include a wire mesh, a nonwoven fabric, a porous film, and the like. As the nonwoven fabric, a commercially available nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm, for example, about 1 mm, made of polyester, nylon, polypropylene fiber or the like can be used without any particular limitation. As the porous film, a film having an appropriate thickness and pore diameter made of polyethylene, polypropylene, or the like can be used.

Further, in the present invention, the purifying action of aerobic microorganisms fixed on the porous body can be used in combination. As the porous body, a porous body such as natural zeolite and pearlite, a porous ceramic obtained by firing various oxides, and the like can be used. It is preferable to use charcoal having a large pore size of the porous body, because microorganisms are easily fixed thereto, have an appropriate pore size, and are excellent in physical filtration function. The position at which the porous body on which the aerobic microorganisms are fixed is not particularly limited. A water purification layer composed of this porous body can be provided between the first water purification layer and the second water purification layer, and the porous body is housed in a mesh or the like that does not easily flow out. Then, the net-like body may be disposed near the inlet or outlet of the treated water of the first and second water purification layers.

As the aerobic microorganisms, those utilizing the symbiotic effect of radioactive bacteria consisting of yeasts such as the genus Geotricham and others, radioactive bacteria such as Nocardia and others, bacteria such as Bacillus and alpergillus (useful filamentous fungi) and special bacteria. Etc. can be used. The microorganisms can also be blended with specially treated inorganic components such as ferrous sulfate, fermented animal organics, corrosive acids, etc., which can act biologically and chemically. A synergistic effect is exhibited.

The water purification apparatus of the third invention is obtained by combining the water purification apparatus of the first invention or the second invention with a water purification apparatus having a specific structure for removing dust and the like. A raw water supply pipe for supplying raw water from the top of the water purification tank main body, a bubble supply means for mixing fine bubbles from the bottom of the water purification tank main body into the supplied raw water, and a treated water outflow pipe. 1 water purification apparatus, a first water purification layer composed of a first water purification agent containing a solid oxygen generating agent, and a second water purification composed of a second water purification agent containing activated carbon. And a second water purification device having a layer.

An apparatus for attaching fine dust, organic matter, and the like in raw water to fine bubbles and removing the fine particles and organic substances in the raw water along with the bubbles, as in the above-mentioned "first water purification apparatus" of the third invention, has a simple structure. In addition, a large amount of raw water can be treated in a short time. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for purifying a large amount of water such as a pond or a river. The above "fine bubbles" usually have a diameter of several μm, particularly 2 to 5 μm, for example, an average diameter of about 4 μm. Such fine bubbles are very fine dust contained in raw water while rising in raw water,
Easily captures organic matter. The dust and the like are captured, and the air bubbles that float on the water surface accompanying the dust and the accompanying dust are removed together with a part of the raw water that overflows.

[0015] In the third invention, the order of arrangement of the first water purification device and the above-mentioned "second water purification device" is not particularly limited. However, it is usually preferable to first remove dust and the like to obtain physically purified treated water, and then apply oxygen, deodorize and decolorize. Further, the order of disposing the first water purification layer containing the solid oxygen generating agent and the second water purification layer containing the activated carbon is not particularly limited. In either case, the effect of dissolving sufficient oxygen in the treated water by the solid oxygen generating agent and the effect of deodorizing and decoloring by the activated carbon and removing organic substances and the like are similarly exhibited.

However, when the water purification layer containing activated carbon composed of finer particles than the solid oxygen generator is generally disposed first, the activated carbon is transferred to the water purification layer containing the solid oxygen generator depending on the configuration of the partition walls. May flow in. The inflow of a small amount of activated carbon does not have a significant effect on the water purification performance of the solid oxygen generator. However, when the water flows in a large amount, there is a possibility that the water purification performance may fluctuate, and when cleaning or replacing the water purification agent, there is a problem that the work is difficult and the surroundings of the work are soiled. In addition, about the order of arrangement | positioning of this 1st and 2nd water quality purification layer, it can be said that it is the same as the above also in 2nd invention.

According to the water purification method of the fourth invention, the foreign matter in the raw water is removed by the water purification means, and then the primary treated water from which the foreign matter has been removed is treated with the first water purification agent containing the solid oxygen generating agent. First composed by the first water purification layer
It is characterized in that secondary purification is performed by purification. Also,
In the water purification method of the fifth invention, foreign matter in the raw water is removed by water purification means, and then the primary treated water from which the foreign matter has been removed is constituted by a first water purification agent containing a solid oxygen generating agent. The first purification by the first water purification layer and the second purification by the second water purification agent containing activated carbon.
One of the second purification by the water purification layer is performed first, and the other is performed thereafter to perform secondary purification.

In the above-mentioned fifth invention, the first and the second
It is not particularly limited which treatment of the water purification layer is performed first, but similarly to the second and third inventions, the purification by the first water purification layer containing the solid oxygen generating agent can be performed first. preferable. Further, as in the second invention, the first and second water purification layers may be provided in one container, or may be provided in separate containers, and the containers are connected by piping. You may do so. Further, the “foreign matter” includes solids and suspended matters in the “raw water”, and also includes organic substances and inorganic substances.

In the fourth and fifth inventions, the "water purification means" may remove foreign matter by filtration as in the sixth invention. Such filtration can be performed using a porous agent such as zeolite or perlite, and a filtering agent composed of an inorganic powder or the like having a water-purifying effect. These filtering agents can be used in combination of two or more. .
Further, the filtration can also be performed using a filtering material such as a porous film obtained by firing various oxides or the like, a porous film made of polyethylene, polypropylene, or the like, and a porous hollow fiber membrane. It should be noted that the water purification devices of the first and second inventions can be used in combination with a water purification device for removing foreign substances by filtration.

Further, as in the seventh invention, the first water purification device in the third invention can be used as the water purification means. When using this water purification device, for example, raw water is continuously supplied from the upper part of a water purification tank, and the supplied raw water is
Supply fine air bubbles from the bottom of the water purification tank,
Foreign substances such as organic substances are attached to bubbles rising in raw water,
After the foreign substances are caused to float on the surface of the raw water together with the raw water, they can be removed by overflowing from the upper end surface of the water purification tank together with a part of the raw water.

Further, according to the water purification method of the present invention, as in the eighth invention, raw water to be purified is taken from a closed water area,
After the purification by the method of the fourth to seventh inventions, the treated water can be returned to the closed water area from which the treated water has been taken again. The “closed water area” means a pond, a lake, a bay, or the like, as well as a river or the like, where the water flow is poor and the water is stagnant. In such a closed water area, when the water purification is performed particularly continuously by the method of the present invention, the water purification effect is excellent and it is very preferable.

As described above, water pollution has become serious, but there is a problem of eutrophication as a phenomenon defined and understood as organic pollution of water quality. In particular, phosphorus and nitrogen components are known as nutrients necessary for the propagation of algae which cause eutrophication in closed water areas such as lake water and pond water. It is generally said that the growth of algae is limited by the amount of the phosphorus component. However, the removal of the phosphorus component was not sufficient in the conventional water purification device. In the present invention, calcium peroxide used as a suitable solid oxygen generator also has an excellent effect of removing the phosphorus component in the water. Therefore, if the water quality is purified using the water purification device of the present invention, the propagation of algae is restricted, and the occurrence of the eutrophication phenomenon is suppressed.

[0023]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. Embodiment FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a water purification apparatus according to a third invention. (1) First Water Purifier In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a first water purifier, and 2 denotes a second water purifier. Reference numeral 11 denotes a water purification tank main body, and its cross section is circular. 111 is the outer wall of the water purification tank main body, 112
Is the bottom plate of the water purification tank main body, 113 is the outer cylinder, 114 is the inner cylinder, 11
5 is a floating foreign matter drainage pipe. Outer cylinder 113 and inner cylinder 11
The cross section of No. 4 is also circular. 3 is a raw water supply pipe.

4 is an air bubble mixing pump, and 41 is an air bubble generator attached to the bottom plate 112 of the water purification tank main body. Reference numeral 5 denotes a water pipe for transferring the treated water from the first water purification device 1 to the second water purification device 2. Note that the outer cylinder 113 is supported by a support rod or the like and the outer wall 111 of the water purification tank main body or the bottom plate 112 of the water purification tank main body.
Or the like, and may be supported, or may be suspended from above.

(2) The second water purifier 21 is a main body of the second water purifier, and the main body 21 has a circular cross section. 211 is an outer wall, 212 is a bottom plate, 21
3 is a partition. Reference numeral 6 denotes a treated water outflow pipe. This partition 2
13, two oxygen purifier powders (calcium peroxide powder, manufactured by Daido Hokusan Co., Ltd., trade name "Auto Two Power") and activated carbon (silver) are carried in two water purification tanks each having a semicircular cross section. (A commercial product for water purification). Reference numeral 214 denotes a water purification tank filled with a solid oxygen generating agent, which is filled with the solid oxygen generating agent 7. 2
Reference numeral 15 denotes a water purification tank filled with activated carbon, which is filled with activated carbon 8.

The water purifying tank main body 11 of the first water purifying apparatus 1 and the main body 21 of the second water purifying apparatus are both made of fiber-reinforced vinyl chloride resin. The water pipe 5 and the treated water outflow pipe 6 are made of stainless steel. Although not shown, water is supplied to the inlet of the water supply pipe 5 into the water purification tank 214 filled with the solid oxygen generating agent and the outlet from the water purification tank 215 filled with activated carbon to the treated water outflow pipe 6. Easily permeates, but solid oxygen generator 7
In addition, the activated carbon 8 is provided with a filter having a through hole having a size that does not easily transmit.

(3) Water Purification Method The raw water flowing into the water purification tank main body 11 from the raw water supply pipe 3 is:
The water flows toward the water purification tank main body bottom plate 112, and fine bubbles rise from the bubble generator 41 in opposition to the flow of the raw water.
At this time, fine dust, organic matter and the like in the raw water adhere to the bubbles, and the bubbles rise to the surface of the water accompanied by these. The bubbles, dust, organic matter, etc., which have risen to the water surface, flow down into the floating foreign matter drain pipe 115 together with the raw water overflowing from the upper end surface of the water purification tank main body outer wall 111, and are discarded. On the other hand, the purified raw water, that is, the primary treated water, is supplied from the gap between the water purification tank main body bottom plate 112 and the lower end surface of the outer cylinder 113 to the outer cylinder 11.
3 and the inner tube 114, flows up the channel, flows into the inner tube 114 from the upper end surface of the inner tube 114, and passes through the water supply pipe 5 as it is to the second water purification device 2 Transferred to

The primary treated water flows from the water supply pipe 5 into the water purifying tank 214 filled with the solid oxygen generating agent 6. Partition wall 213
Is the same material as the second water purification device main body 21, and the second
The bottom plate 212 of the main body 21 of the water purification device and the partition wall 213
Between the lower end surface of the partition 213 and the entire width of the partition 213.
16 are provided. Further, a nonwoven fabric is provided in the space 216 so that the solid oxygen generator 7 and the activated carbon 8 do not mix. The treated water that has passed through the first water purification layer made of the solid oxygen generator 7 and has been provided with oxygen permeates through the nonwoven fabric provided in the space 216 and flows into the water purification layer 215 filled with activated carbon 8. . It permeates through the second water purification layer made of activated carbon, and is decolorized and deodorized.
The secondary treated water from which organic substances and the like have been further removed flows out from the treated water outflow pipe 8, and the dust, organic substances and the like have been removed, sufficient oxygen has been dissolved, and the decolorized and deodorized treated water has the same effect as the raw water It is sent back to a place, such as a pond where water is taken, away from the place where raw water is taken.

Experimental Example It was examined how much orthophosphoric acid, a kind of nutrient necessary for the propagation of algae, which causes eutrophication, is removed by a solid oxygen generator. The test was performed by dissolving orthophosphoric acid in distilled water, and ion concentrations of 42 ppm and 26 ppm.
And a 4.5 ppm aqueous solution was prepared, in which FIGS.
As shown in Table 2, a predetermined amount of a solid oxygen generating agent (the same one as in Example was used) was charged according to the ion concentration, and the change over time in the initial concentration was measured.

It is considered that the concentration of orthophosphate ions in ponds, lakes and the like in the natural world has a certain range. For example, the ion concentration estimated from the amount of all the organic phosphorus compounds in the Senzoku pond in Ota-ku, Tokyo is about 4 to 10 ppm. Therefore, the above-mentioned tests at ion concentrations of 42 ppm and 26 ppm are tests at high concentrations which are not considered in nature. Nevertheless, according to the results of FIGS. 2 and 3, the test water 10
It can be seen that the ion concentration is reduced to about 1/10 of the initial value in only 3 days by 1 g of the oxygen generating agent per liter. According to the results of FIG. 4, when the initial concentration is low, the concentration does not decrease as much as when the initial concentration is high, but the absolute value of the ion concentration is very small. The excellent orthophosphoric acid removal effect of the generator was supported.

In FIGS. 2 to 4, ○ indicates that 1.0 g of a solid oxygen generator was added to a 10 liter aqueous solution.
Δ indicates the test results when 3.0 g of the solid oxygen generator was added to a 10 liter aqueous solution, and □ in FIG. 2 indicates the test results when 5.0 g of the solid oxygen generator was added to a 10 liter aqueous solution.

[0032]

According to the water purification apparatus of the first invention, oxygen is added to the water to be treated, which has not been particularly considered in the conventional water purification. By using such treated water in which sufficient oxygen is dissolved, specific water purification effects such as prevention of eutrophication can be achieved. Further, as in the second invention, by using a water purification layer containing activated carbon in combination, it is possible to obtain decolorized and deodorized treated water. Further, by combining a water purification device capable of efficiently removing a large amount of dust and the like of raw water as in the third invention, the effect of the water purification of the first invention and the second invention can be further enhanced.

According to the water purification methods of the fourth and fifth inventions, the water purification means for removing dust and the like and the water purification means for dissolving at least sufficient oxygen in the treated water are combined. As a result, the specific water purification effect of each water purification means can be obtained, and it is possible to easily obtain treated water that does not contain dust and the like, has sufficient oxygen dissolved therein, and is decolorized and deodorized. According to the water purification method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain treated water in which sufficient oxygen is dissolved as described above, and at the same time, specific effects such as a decrease in the concentration of orthophosphate ions are exerted.

Further, as the water purifying means for removing dust and the like, in addition to the filtering means according to the sixth invention, a third water purifying means as in the seventh invention is used.
Water purification means corresponding to the invention can be provided. Thus, in the water purification method of the present invention, various water purification means can be appropriately combined. Further, in the present invention, as in the eighth invention, the water purification effect is remarkable in closed water areas such as ponds and lakes, and water pollution is a major problem.
The water quality of these ponds and lakes can be sufficiently purified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a water purification device according to a third invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a change over time in a phosphate ion concentration when an initial phosphate ion concentration is 42 ppm.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a change over time in a phosphate ion concentration when an initial phosphate ion concentration is 26 ppm.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a change over time of a phosphate ion concentration when an initial phosphate ion concentration is 4.5 ppm.

[Explanation of symbols]

1; first water purification device, 11; water purification tank main body, 111; water purification tank main body outer wall, 112; water purification tank main body bottom plate, 113;
114; inner cylinder, 115; floating foreign matter drainage pipe, 2; second water purification device, 21; main body of second water purification device, 211; outer wall, 212; bottom plate, 213; partition wall, 214; Purified water tank, 215; water tank filled with activated carbon, 216, space, 3; raw water supply pipe, 4; bubble mixing pump, 41; bubble generator, 5; water supply pipe, 6; treated water outflow pipe, 7 Solid oxygen generator, 8; activated carbon.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI C02F 3/10 C02F 3/10 Z

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A water purification apparatus comprising: a first water purification layer comprising a first water purification agent containing a solid oxygen generating agent. 2. A first water purification layer composed of a first water purification agent containing a solid oxygen generating agent, and a second water purification layer composed of a second water purification agent containing activated carbon. A water purification device comprising: 3. A water purification tank main body, a raw water supply pipe for supplying raw water from an upper portion of the water purification tank main body,
A first water purification device having a bubble supply means for mixing fine bubbles from the bottom of the water purification tank main body, a treated water outflow pipe, and a first water purification agent containing a solid oxygen generating agent. A water purification device comprising: a second water purification device including a first water purification layer and a second water purification layer including a second water purification agent containing activated carbon. 4. A method for removing foreign matter in raw water by water purification means, and then removing the foreign matter from the first treated water to a first water quality comprising a first water purification agent containing a solid oxygen generating agent. A water purification method, wherein secondary purification is performed by first purification by a purification layer. 5. A method for removing foreign matter in raw water by means of water purification means, and then removing the foreign matter from the primary treated water by a first water purification agent comprising a first water purification agent containing a solid oxygen generating agent. Performing one of the first purification by the purification layer and the second purification by the second water purification layer composed of the second water purification agent containing activated carbon first, and then performing the other to perform secondary purification. A water purification method characterized by the following. 6. The water purification method according to claim 4, wherein the water purification means filters and removes the foreign matter in the raw water by filtering the raw water. 7. The water purification means attaches foreign substances in the raw water to the bubbles moving in the raw water and causes the foreign substances to accompany the bubbles, and removes the air bubbles and the foreign substances accompanying the bubbles together with a part of the raw water. The water purification method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the water quality is removed. 8. The water purification method according to claim 4, wherein the raw water is taken from a closed water area, and after being purified, returned to the closed water area.