JPH10105661A - Information processing method, information processor and transmission medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To logically suppress the generation of memory collapsion by storing the data of users more than one in a 1st area, setting a 2nd area in the idle area, which is not used as that 1st area, and processing a command while utilizing the storage parts of 1st and 2nd areas. SOLUTION: When issuing an IC card, an EEPROM 66 registers a provider to provide a system utilizing the IC card, allocates the provider to the common area definition block or provider area definition block of the 1st area to be used by the provider and stores it. Then, the setting of a storage area as the 2nd area to be used by all the providers is stored in the idle area which is not used as that common area definition block or provider area definition block and while utilizing the storage parts of these storage areas, the command is processed by a sequencer. Thus, the generation of memory collapsion can be logically suppressed and the utilization efficiency of a memory can be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an information processing method, an information processing apparatus, and a transmission medium, and more particularly, to information for receiving a command from a predetermined user, processing the command, and transmitting a processing result. The present invention relates to a processing method, an information processing device, and a transmission medium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art IC cards (smart cards) used in electronic money systems and security systems have been developed.

[0003] Such an IC card has a built-in CPU for performing various processes and a memory for storing data necessary for the processes. The IC card is in contact with a predetermined reader / writer (R / W). Sending and receiving.

[0004] In addition, among IC cards, there is a batteryless IC card which does not have a battery.
Such a batteryless IC card is supplied with power from the R / W.

[0005]

However, in such an IC card, it is assumed that the IC card is used in a state in which the IC card is in contact with the R / W. It has the problem of being difficult.

[0006] In addition to transmitting and receiving data between the IC card and the R / W in a non-contact manner using electromagnetic waves,
A method of supplying necessary power to the IC card by the electromagnetic wave is also conceivable, but in such a method, when the reception state of the electromagnetic wave becomes poor while accessing the memory built in the IC card, There is a problem in that sufficient power cannot be obtained, and a defect may occur in data consistency in the memory (memory corruption may occur).

Further, MS-DOS (Microsoft-Disc O)
perating System) FAT (FileAllocation Table)
As described above, when information is stored in units of data storage (sectors in the case of MS-DOS), an area proportional to the size of the area in which data is stored is required for data management. However, there is a problem that the use efficiency of the device is reduced. Further, if the storage area is managed in a predetermined unit in which data is stored, when storing data having a size less than the unit, an unused storage area occurs,
Further, there is a problem that the use efficiency of the memory is reduced.

Further, in the above-mentioned IC card, R
/ W is processed uniformly, so that a plurality of R /
There is a problem that it is difficult to perform individual processing corresponding to W.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has a first area for storing data of a plurality of users and a plurality of users stored in the first area for use. And a storage area including a second area managed in units of physical blocks of a predetermined size, assigning a logical block number to data stored in the physical block, and assigning the data to the logical block. The data having the number is stored in a physical block other than the physical block in which the data is stored, or the data stored in the physical block is assigned a number corresponding to the order in which the data is stored. If it is a physical block, the data is stored in the first physical block,
If the physical block having the last number is not the last physical block, storing the data in the physical block next to the physical block having the last number logically causes the occurrence of memory corruption in the memory. It is to suppress.

In addition, the present invention holds the number corresponding to the first physical block and the number corresponding to the last physical block of the area used by each user, so that the size of the area used by the user is maintained. Instead, the data can be managed with information in an amount proportional to the number of users (the number corresponding to the first physical block and the number corresponding to the last physical block).

Further, according to the present invention, in the storage unit, a predetermined area in the second area and a plurality of data defining different access rights are stored in the first area corresponding to one user. By storing the data defining a predetermined area in the second area in the first area corresponding to the plurality of users, a plurality of users (R
/ W) so that individual processing can be performed.

[0012]

An information processing method according to claim 1 includes a step of detecting a command from a predetermined user, a first area for storing data of one or more users, A command is transmitted using a storage unit in which a second area set as a free area not used as a first area and used by one or more users stored in one area is formed. The method is characterized by comprising a processing step and a step of outputting a processing result.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a transmission medium includes a step of detecting a command from a predetermined user, a first area for storing data of one or more users, and a first area stored in the first area. Processing a command using a storage unit in which a second area used as one or more users and set as a free area not used as a first area is formed; Outputting a result.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information processing apparatus, comprising: detecting means for detecting an external input signal; a first area for storing data of one or more users; Storage means for forming a second area which is used as one or more users and which is set as a free area not used as a first area, and which corresponds to an input signal using the storage means. It is characterized by comprising processing means for performing processing, and output means for outputting the result of the processing of the processing means to the outside.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the information processing method, the processing unit assigns a logical block number to data stored in the physical block, and the storage unit transmits new data having a predetermined logical block number. And storing the data having the logical block number in a physical block other than the physical block in which the data having the logical block number is stored.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the transmission medium, the processing unit assigns a logical block number to the data stored in the physical block, and the storage unit transmits new data having a predetermined logical block number. Storing the data having the logical block number in a physical block other than the physical block in which the data having the logical block number is stored.

In the information processing apparatus according to the present invention, the processing means assigns a logical block number to the data stored in the physical block, and the storage means stores new data having a predetermined logical block number into the data. It is characterized in that data having a logical block number is stored in a physical block other than the physical block in which the data is stored.

[0018] The information processing method according to claim 15 is characterized in that
The data of the predetermined block in the area of has an identification number,
The processing means includes a step of comparing the identification number of the command supplied from the user with the identification number of the data, and processing the command according to the comparison result.

In the transmission medium according to the present invention, the data of the predetermined block in the second area has an identification number, and the processing means includes an identification number of the command supplied from the user, And transmitting a program including a step of comparing the identification numbers of the received command and processing the command in accordance with the comparison result.

[0020] The information processing apparatus according to the eighteenth aspect has a second aspect.
The data of the predetermined block in the area of has an identification number,
The processing means compares the identification number of the command supplied from the user with the identification number of the data, and processes the command according to the comparison result.

According to a twentieth aspect of the information processing method, the processing means assigns a number corresponding to the order of storage to the data stored in the block, and the user uses the data in the first area. In the storage unit storing the number corresponding to the first block of the area and the number corresponding to the last block, if the block having the last number is the last block, new data is stored in the first block. , If the block having the last number is not the last block, storing new data in a block next to the block having the last number.

The transmission medium according to claim 22, wherein the processing means assigns a number corresponding to the order of storage to the data stored in the block;
In the storage unit storing the number corresponding to the first block of the area used by the user and the number corresponding to the last block, if the block having the last number is the last block, new data is added to the first block. And storing the new data in a block next to the block having the last number if the block having the last number is not the last block. And

[0023] An information processing apparatus according to a twenty-third aspect includes a detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, a processing means for processing the command, an output means for outputting a processing result of the processing means, A first area for storing the above user data and a second area managed by a block of a predetermined size and used by one or more users stored in the first area are provided. The processing means assigns numbers corresponding to the order of storage to the data stored in the blocks, and the storage means stores, in the first area, the first area of the area used by the user. The number corresponding to the last block and the number corresponding to the last block are stored. If the block having the last number is the last block, new data is stored in the first block and the last number is stored. Block But not the last block, the new data, and to store the next block of the block having the last number.

According to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information processing method comprising the steps of detecting a command from a predetermined user, a first area for storing data of one or more users, and a first area for storing data of one or more users. A second area, which is used by one or more users and is managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size, is formed, and for a predetermined area in the second area and for each user. A step of processing a command using a storage unit that stores a plurality of data, each defining a different access right, in a first area, and a step of outputting a processing result. .

A transmission medium according to a twenty-sixth aspect includes a step of detecting a command from a predetermined user, a first area for storing data of one or more users, and a first area for storing data of one or more users. A second area, which is used by one or more users and is managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size, is formed, for a predetermined area in the second area, and
The method includes a step of processing a command using a storage unit that stores a plurality of data defining different access rights in a first area for each user, and a step of outputting a processing result. It is characterized by transmitting a program.

An information processing apparatus according to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention provides a data processing apparatus, comprising: a detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user; a processing means for processing the command; an output means for outputting a processing result of the processing means; A first area for storing the above user data and a second area managed by a block of a predetermined size and used by one or more users stored in the first area are provided. And a storage unit that stores a plurality of data defining different access rights for a predetermined area in the second area and for each user in the first area. Is stored.

[0027] According to the information processing method of the present invention, a step of detecting a command from a predetermined user, a first area for storing data of a plurality of users, and a first area stored in the first area are provided. A second area, which is used by a plurality of users and is managed in block units of a predetermined size, is formed, and data in which a predetermined area in the second area is used jointly by a plurality of users is stored. , A step of processing a command using a storage unit that stores the command in a first area, and a step of outputting a processing result.

A transmission medium according to claim 29 is a step of detecting a command from a predetermined user, a first area for storing data of a plurality of users, and stored in the first area. A second area used by a plurality of users and managed in block units of a predetermined size is formed,
A step of processing a command using a storage unit that stores in the first area data in which a plurality of users jointly use a predetermined area in the second area, and a step of outputting a processing result And transmitting a program comprising:

An information processing apparatus according to a thirty-fifth aspect of the present invention includes a detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, a processing means for processing the command, an output means for outputting a processing result of the processing means, First to store user data
Area, and storage means for forming a second area which is used by a plurality of users stored in the first area and which is managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size. The data in which a predetermined area in the second area is used jointly by a plurality of users is stored in the first area.

An information processing method according to claim 31 is a step of detecting a command from a predetermined user, a first area for storing data of a plurality of users, and a first area for storing data of a plurality of users. A second area, which is used by a plurality of users and is managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size, is formed, and a predetermined area in the second area and a different access right of each of the plurality of users are set. The method includes a step of processing a command using a storage unit that stores a plurality of prescribed data in a first area, and a step of outputting a processing result.

A transmission medium according to claim 32 is a step of detecting a command from a predetermined user, a first area for storing data of a plurality of users, and stored in the first area. A second area used by a plurality of users and managed in block units of a predetermined size is formed,
Processing a command using a storage area for storing, in the first area, a predetermined area in the second area and a plurality of data defining different access rights of a plurality of users; And outputting the result.

An information processing apparatus according to a thirty-third aspect comprises: a detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user; a processing means for processing the command; an output means for outputting a processing result of the processing means; First to store user data
Area, and storage means for forming a second area which is used by a plurality of users stored in the first area and which is managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size. , A predetermined area in the second area, and a plurality of data defining different access rights of a plurality of users are stored in the first area.

An information processing method according to claim 1 and claim 3.
In the transmission medium according to the first aspect and the information processing apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the first storage unit stores data of one or more users.
And a second area, which is used by one or more users stored in the first area and is set as a free area that is not used as the first area, is used. And the command is processed.

An information processing method according to claim 6,
0, and the information processing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the processing unit assigns a logical block number to data stored in the physical block, and the storage unit has a predetermined logical block number. New data
The data having the logical block number is stored in a physical block other than the physical block in which the data is stored.

In the information processing method described in claim 15, the transmission medium described in claim 17, and the information processing apparatus described in claim 18, the data of the predetermined block in the second area has the identification number. The processing means compares the identification number of the command supplied by the user with the identification number of the data, and processes the command according to the comparison result.

In the information processing method according to the twentieth aspect, the transmission medium according to the twenty-second aspect, and the information processing apparatus according to the twenty-third aspect, the processing means stores the data in the data stored in the block. If a block corresponding to the order is assigned and the block having the last number is the last block, new data is stored in the first block, and the block having the last number is stored in the last block. If not, the new data is stored in the block next to the block with the last number.

[0037] In the information processing method according to claim 25, the transmission medium according to claim 26, and the information processing apparatus according to claim 27, a first area for storing data of one or more users is provided. A second area managed by a block of a predetermined size and used by one or more users stored in the first area is formed, and a predetermined area in the second area is defined. , And a plurality of data defining different access rights for each user,
The command is processed using the storage unit that stores the command in the area.

[0038] In the information processing method according to claim 28, the transmission medium according to claim 29, and the information processing apparatus according to claim 30, a first area for storing data of a plurality of users, A second area which is used by a plurality of users stored in the first area and is managed in block units of a predetermined size is formed, and in the first area, a predetermined area in the second area is formed. The command is processed using a storage unit that stores data used jointly by a plurality of users in the first area.

[0039] In the information processing method according to claim 31, the transmission medium according to claim 32, and the information processing apparatus according to claim 33, a first area for storing data of a plurality of users; A second area which is used by a plurality of users stored in the first area and is managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size is formed, and a predetermined area in the second area and a plurality of usages are defined. A command is processed using a storage unit that stores a plurality of data defining different access rights of each user in a first area.

[0040]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In order to clarify the correspondence between each means of the invention described in the claims and the following embodiments, each means is described. When the features of the present invention are described by adding the corresponding embodiment (however, an example) in parentheses after the parentheses, the result is as follows. However, of course, this description does not mean that each means is limited to those described.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information processing apparatus comprising: detecting means for detecting an external input signal (for example, the BPS of FIG. 3)
K demodulation circuit 62), a first area for storing data of one or more users, and a first area used by one or more users stored in the first area. A storage unit (for example, the EEPROM 66 in FIG. 3) in which a second area set as an empty area is formed, and a processing unit (for example, the sequencer 91 in FIG. 3) that performs processing corresponding to an input signal using the storage unit. ) And output means for outputting the processing result of the processing means to the outside (for example, BPSK in FIG. 3).
And a modulation circuit 68).

The information processing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the processing means (for example, the sequencer 91 in FIG. 3) assigns a logical block number to the data stored in the physical block,
The storage means (for example, the EEPROM 66 in FIG. 3) stores new data having a predetermined logical block number in a physical block other than the physical block in which the data having the logical block number is stored.

[0043] The information processing apparatus according to the eighteenth aspect has a second aspect.
The data of the predetermined block in the area of has an identification number,
The processing means (for example, the sequencer 91 in FIG. 3) compares the identification number of the command supplied from the user with the identification number of the data, and processes the command according to the comparison result. I do.

An information processing apparatus according to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention comprises a detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user and a processing means for processing the command (for example, the sequencer 91 in FIG. 3).
Output means for outputting a result of processing by the processing means, a first area for storing data of one or more users, and one or more users stored in the first area.
Storage means in which a second area managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size is formed (for example, the EEPROM 66 in FIG. 3).
Wherein the processing means assigns numbers corresponding to the order of storage to the data stored in the blocks, and the storage means stores the first area corresponding to the first block of the area used by the user. The number and the number corresponding to the last block are stored, and if the block having the last number is the last block, new data is stored in the first block, and the block having the last number is stored in the last block. If it is not a block, the new data is stored in a block next to the block having the last number.

An information processing apparatus according to claim 27 is a detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, and a processing means for processing the command (for example, the sequencer 91 in FIG. 3).
Output means for outputting a result of processing by the processing means, a first area for storing data of one or more users, and one or more users stored in the first area.
Storage means in which a second area managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size is formed (for example, the EEPROM 66 in FIG. 3).
Wherein the storage means stores, in the first area, a plurality of data defining different access rights for a predetermined area in the second area and for each user. Features.

According to a thirty-first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information processing apparatus comprising: detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user (for example, the BPSK demodulation circuit 62 in FIG. 3); 91) and output means for outputting the processing result of the processing means (for example, BPSK in FIG. 3).
A modulation circuit 68), a first area for storing data of a plurality of users, and a block of a predetermined size used by the plurality of users stored in the first area are managed. Storage means (for example, an EEPROM 66 in FIG. 3) in which a second area is formed, wherein the storage means stores data used jointly by a plurality of users in a predetermined area in the second area. It is characterized in that it is stored in an area.

According to a thirty-third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information processing apparatus comprising: a detecting means (for example, a BPSK demodulation circuit 62 in FIG. 3) for detecting a command from a predetermined user; 91) and output means for outputting the processing result of the processing means (for example, BPSK in FIG. 3).
A modulation circuit 68), a first area for storing data of a plurality of users, and a block of a predetermined size used by the plurality of users stored in the first area are managed. Storage means in which a second area is formed (for example, the EEPROM 66 in FIG. 3), wherein the storage means includes a predetermined area in the second area and a plurality of users defining different access rights of a plurality of users. The data is stored in the first area.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a contactless card system using the R / W 1 and the IC card 2. R /
The W1 and the IC card 2 transmit and receive data without using an electromagnetic wave.

When the R / W 1 transmits a predetermined command to the IC card 2, the IC card 2 receives the command and performs a process corresponding to the command.

When the R / W 1 transmits data to the IC card 2, the IC card 2, which is an embodiment of the information processing apparatus of the present invention, receives the command, processes the received command, and processes the command. Response data corresponding to R / W
1 is transmitted.

The R / W 1 is connected to the controller 3 via a predetermined interface (for example, RS-485A), is supplied with a predetermined control signal from the controller 3, and performs processing in accordance with the control signal. ing.

FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the R / W1.

In the IC 21, a DPU (Data Processing Unit) 31 for processing data, an SPU (Signal Processing Unit) 32 for processing data to be transmitted to the IC card 2 and data received from the IC card 2,
SCC (Serial Communi) that communicates with the controller 3
cation controller) 33 and necessary for data processing.
A ROM section 41 storing necessary information in advance and a memory section 34 including a RAM section 42 for temporarily storing data being processed are connected via a bus.

A flash memory 22 for storing predetermined data is also connected to this bus.

The DPU 31 outputs a command to be transmitted to the IC card 2 to the SPU 32,
Is received from the SPU 32.

The SPU 32 performs a predetermined process (for example, BPSK (BiPhas
e Shift Keying) (to be described later), output the data to the modulation circuit 23, receive the response data transmitted from the IC card 2 from the demodulation circuit 25, and perform predetermined processing on the data. Has been made.

The modulation circuit 23 converts the carrier wave of a predetermined frequency (for example, 13.56 MHz) supplied from the oscillator 26 into ASK (Ampl
The modulated wave generated by the modulation is output to the IC card 2 via the antenna 27 as an electromagnetic wave. At this time, the modulation circuit 23 performs the ASK modulation by setting the modulation factor to less than one. That is, the maximum amplitude of the modulated wave is prevented from becoming zero even when the data is at the low level.

The demodulation circuit 24 demodulates the modulated wave (ASK modulated wave) received via the antenna 27 and outputs the demodulated data to the SPU 32.

FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of the IC card 2. In the IC card 2, the IC 51 receives the modulated wave transmitted by the R / W 1 via the antenna 53. Note that the capacitor 52 is
An LC circuit is formed together with the antenna 53 so as to tune to an electromagnetic wave of a predetermined frequency (carrier frequency).

In the IC 51, the RF interface unit 61 detects and demodulates the modulated wave (ASK modulated wave) received via the antenna 53 by the ASK demodulation unit 81, and demodulates the demodulated data to the BPSK demodulation circuit 62. PLL (Ph
In addition to the output to the ASE Locked Loop section 63, the voltage regulator 82 stabilizes the signal detected by the ASK demodulation section 81 and supplies it to each circuit as DC power.

The RF interface section 61 oscillates a signal having the same frequency as the clock frequency of the data by the oscillation circuit 83 and outputs the signal to the PLL section 63.

The AS of the RF interface unit 61
The K modulator 84 varies the load of the antenna 53 as the power supply of the IC card 2 in accordance with the data supplied from the calculator 64 (for example, turns on / off a predetermined switching element in accordance with the data). When a predetermined load is connected in parallel to the antenna 53 only when the switching element is in the ON state, the modulated wave received via the antenna 53 (the modulated wave is transmitted when data is transmitted from the IC card 2). ASK modulation is performed, and the modulation component is converted to R / W1 via the antenna 53.
(The terminal voltage of the antenna 27 of the R / W1 is changed).

The PLL unit 63 generates a clock signal synchronized with the data supplied from the ASK demodulation unit 81 and converts the clock signal into a BPSK demodulation circuit 62.
And a BPSK modulation circuit 68.

The BPSK demodulation circuit 62 includes an ASK demodulation unit 8
When the data demodulated in 1 is BPSK-modulated, the data is demodulated in accordance with the clock signal supplied from the PLL unit 63, and the demodulated data is output to the arithmetic unit 64.

When the data supplied from the BPSK demodulation circuit 62 is encrypted, the arithmetic unit 64 decrypts the data by the encryption / decryption unit 92, and processes the data as a command in the sequencer 91. It has been made to be. If the data is not encrypted, BP
The data supplied from the SK demodulation circuit 62 is directly supplied to the sequencer 91 without passing through the encryption / decryption unit 92.

The sequencer 91 performs a process corresponding to the supplied command. For example, at this time, the sequencer 91 processes data stored in the EEPROM 66.

The parity operation section 93 of the operation section 64 has an EE
The data stored in the PROM 66 and the EEPROM 66
Is calculated from the data stored in the Reed-Solomon code as parity.

Further, the arithmetic section 64 performs predetermined processing in the sequencer 91 and then sends response data (data to be transmitted to the R / W1) corresponding to the processing to the BPSK modulation circuit 68.
Output.

The BPSK modulation circuit 68 BPSK-modulates the data supplied from the arithmetic unit 64 (described later), and modulates the modulated data with an ASK modulation unit 84 of the RF interface unit 61.
Output.

When the sequencer 91 performs processing, the RAM 67 temporarily stores data during the processing.

An EEPROM (Electrically Erasable an
d Programmable ROM) 66 is a non-volatile memory, and is configured to continue storing data even after the IC card 2 ends communication with the R / W 1 and power supply is stopped. The ROM 65 stores a basic program necessary for the sequencer 91 to process a command from the R / W1.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the memory allocation of the EEPROM 66.

The EEPROM 66 has 256 40-byte physical blocks. Each physical block is 3
It is composed of a total of 40 bytes including a 2-byte data portion (D00 to D1f), a 2-byte attribute portion (AT1, AT2), and a 6-byte parity portion (P0 to P5).

Physical block number ff of EEPROM 66
H (H represents a hexadecimal number) is assigned to the system ID block. The system ID block is
Information about security of the IC card 2 is stored.

Next, the physical block numbers fdH to 00H
, The physical blocks are sequentially changed to a common area definition block (Common Area Definition Block) (first area) or a provider area definition block (Provider Area Defi
nition Block) (first area).

When the IC card 2 is issued, a predetermined device (issuing machine) stores the IC card 2 in the EEPROM 66.
A person (provider) that provides a system using the card 2 is registered. The issuing machine sequentially uses the provider area definition block from one physical block number fdH to 00H and registers the provider with one physical block per provider.

The common area definition block and the provider area definition block store information such as the location of a storage area used by the provider.

Then, the physical blocks that are not used as the system ID block, the common area definition block, and the provider area definition block are allocated to the user blocks (User Blocks) used by the provider.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the assignment of each data to the system ID block.

D00 to D0f of the data part are EEPR
OM66 manufacturing ID (Manufacture ID) (ID
m) is stored. Area D00 to D03, Area D
04 to D07, areas D08 to D0b, and areas D0c to D0f are IC codes of the EEPROM 66,
The code of the manufacturing machine that created the EEPROM 66 (Manufact
ure Equipment Code), date of manufacture of EEPROM 66 (Ma
nufacture Date) and the manufacturing serial number (Manufacture Serial Number) of the EEPROM 66 are stored.

By using the information of IDm,
All IC cards 2 (EEPROM 66) can be identified. The date of manufacture is the number of days from January 1, 2000, with January 1, 2000 being 0000H. If the date of manufacture is in the 1990s, the date of manufacture is expressed as a negative number of days from January 1, 2000 using two's complement.

D10 to D1f of the data part are IDs
Issue ID (Issue ID) (ID
i) is stored. Regions D10 to D13, Region D
14 to D17, areas D18 to D1b, and areas D1c to 1f are categories / group numbers indicating the category and group to which the IC card 2 belongs,
The code of the issuing machine that issued the card 2, the date when the IC card 2 was issued, and the expiration date of the IC card 2 are stored.

FIG. 6 shows the attribute part of the system ID block. The attribute section stores the number of registered providers. When registering one provider, the issuing machine uses one physical block, and then updates the value of this attribute part.

The value of the attribute part is set to zero at the time of manufacturing. After that, when the issuing machine registers the provider in the IC card 2, the value of the attribute part is set to
Update with the number of registered providers.

The parity part of the system ID block is composed of a Reed-Solomon code (R) calculated by the parity calculation unit 93 from the values of each bit of the data part and the attribute part.
S code). Therefore, the value of the parity part is
Each time the data section or the attribute section is updated, the calculation is performed again.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a common area definition block and a provider area definition block. These blocks are written in advance by the issuing machine when the IC card 2 is issued.

The common area definition block is an EEPROM 6
6, a storage area (common area (Common Are)
a)) (Second area) settings are stored.

The provider area definition block is EEPR
From the physical block number fdH of OM66 toward 00H, one physical block per provider,
Stores provider information.

As shown in FIG. 7, areas D00 and D01 of data portions D00 to D1f of the area definition block (common area definition block and provider area definition block).
Is the provider code (Provid
er Code). In the case of the common area definition block, the values of the areas D00 and D01 are set to 0000H, and in the case of the provider area definition block, the values of the areas D00 and D01 are set.
Is any value from 0001H to FFFFH.

Area D02 of data section of area definition block
To D05 are the numbers BN ₀ (areas D02 and D03) of the first physical block of a storage area (provider area) (provider area) (second area) used by this provider.
And an allocation table (Allocation Tabl) composed of a physical block number BN ₁ (areas D04 and D05) (BN ₁ > BN ₀ ) next to the last physical block number.
e) is memorized. As shown in FIG. 8, the provider area is set at a predetermined position (physical block numbers BN _{0 to} (BN ₁ -1)) of the EEPROM 66 excluding the system block (system ID block, area definition block).

As described above, since the provider area is designated by BN ₀ and BN ₁ , the amount of information is not proportional to the size of the area used by the provider (user) but is proportional to the number of providers. Can be managed, and the use efficiency of the memory can be increased.

Area D06 of data section of area definition block
To D09 are storage areas used by the provider.
The number of blocks B _RA (areas D06 and D07) in a random access area (described later) and the number of blocks B _RW (areas D08 and D0) of read / write blocks in the random access area
9) Partition table (Partition
Table). At this time, the block number B _RA random access area setting, formula B _RA = 0 or to a value satisfying the equation _{2 × n ≦ B RA ≦ BN} 1 -BN 0 ( the number of n is the write buffer (described later)) And the number _BRW of the read / write blocks is
When B _RA = 0, B _RW = 0 is set,
If B _RA ≠ 0, the value is set to satisfy the expression n ≦ B _RW ≦ B _RA −n.

Area D0 of data part of area definition block
a and D0b store the number n of write buffers in the random access area. The n write buffers are used when simultaneously storing n data in the logical block numbers 00H to (00 + n (hexadecimal notation)) H of the random access area. When data is stored in a physical block having another logical block number in the random access area, only one write buffer is used.

As described above, according to the area definition block, as shown in FIG. 8, the area (provider area or common area) of physical block numbers BN _{0 to} (BN ₁ -1) is defined by the provider code specified by the provider code. assigned to further, B _RA number of physical blocks of the area (the provider area or the common area) are allocated to the random access area and the remaining physical blocks are allocated to a sequential access area (described later).

Further, according to the area definition block, FIG.
As shown in (1), the random access area is logically allocated to B _RW read / write blocks, read-only blocks, and n write buffers. Note that physical blocks other than the read / write block and the write buffer are assigned to the read-only block.

Area D0 of data part of area definition block
c and D0d are parse blocks (Purse blocks) in a storage area (random access area) used by this provider.
Block), which stores a parse block permission having information on access rights to (described later).

FIG. 9 shows an example of a parse block permission.

The parse block permission (16 bits, b _{0 to} b _f ) indicates permission or non-permission of a read, an addition instruction, and a subtraction instruction for a parse block.

[0099] purse block permission of the common area definition block, whether to use a purse block in storage area set in the common area definition block (common area), stored in the area (bit) b _b. That is,
If b _b = 0, no parse block is used. b _b = 1
In the case of, use a parse block. Other areas (bits) in the parse block permission of the common area definition block are not particularly used. In addition,
When b _b = 1, the read / write block whose logical block number is 00H is used as a parse block.

Next, in the purse block permission of the provider area definition block, and stores whether or not to use the purse block in the region b ₃ in the storage area set in the provider area definition block. That is,
When b ₃ = 0, no parse block is used. b ₃ = 1
In the case of, use a parse block. When b ₃ = 1, the read / write block whose logical block number is 00H is used as a parse block.

Then, the availability of the addition instruction for the parse block is stored in an area b ₂ , the availability of a subtraction instruction for the parse block is stored in an area b ₁ , and the readability of the parse block is stored in an area b ₀ . (If b _i = 1 (i = 0, 1, 2), the instruction is permitted; if b _i = 0, the instruction is not permitted). Also whether to use the purse block set storage area in the common area definition block is stored in the area b _b. Note that the b _b, the same value as b _b Perth block permission of the common area definition block is stored.

Further, the availability of an addition instruction for the parse block is stored in an area b _a , the availability of a subtraction instruction for the parse block is stored in an area b ₉ , and the availability of reading for the parse block is stored in an area b ₈ . (If b _i = 1 (i = 8, 9, a), the instruction is permitted; if b _i = 0, the instruction is not permitted).

The areas D0e and D0f of the data portion of the area definition block shown in FIG. 7 correspond to the version of the security key (common key and provider key) used for authentication of the provider (R / W1) and encryption and decryption. The numbers are stored, and the areas D10 to 1f store the security keys.

When the R / W 1 performs polling, the IC card 2 returns the version numbers of these two keys (common key and provider key). Therefore, R / W
In authentication between the IC card 1 and the IC card 2, a plurality of versions of security keys can be used properly.

The attribute portions AT1 and AT2 of the area definition block are provided as spares, and no information is stored. The parity part of the area definition block stores a parity (RS code) calculated from the values of all bits of the data part and the attribute part.

As described above, the area definition block set by the issuing machine stores the provider code, the allocation table, the partition table, the parse block permission, the security key version, and the security key.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a user block. As described above with reference to FIG.
6, physical blocks other than the system ID block, the common area definition block, and the provider area definition block are used by the provider as user blocks.

For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the memory space is composed of 256 blocks and eight providers are registered, a system ID block, a common area definition block, and eight providers are registered. Except for a total of 10 (= 1 + 1 + 8) system blocks of the area definition blocks, 246 (= 256-10) blocks are used as user blocks. When 40 providers are registered, a total of 42 (= 1)
+ 1 + 40), and 214 (= 256-42) user blocks are secured.

User blocks are allocated to each provider according to the allocation table (FIG. 7) of the area definition block. Note that the provider refers to the allocation table and uses the user block allocated in advance, and therefore does not access any area other than the area (provider area or common area) allocated in the allocation table.

The user blocks in the area (provider area or common area) allocated in the allocation table are allocated to the random access area and the sequential access area according to the above-described partition table (FIG. 7).

Further, the user block in the random access area is used as one of a read / write block, a read-only block, and a write buffer, and the number of these blocks is determined by the partition table and the write buffer as described above. Are set according to the number of

The data portions D00 to D1f of the user block allocated as described above are used in accordance with the processing by the provider to which the user block is allocated.

As shown in FIG. 11, the attribute part of the user block in the random access area includes an incremental counter (Incremental Counter) (bit b _f ,
b _e) and stores a logical block number (bits b _d to b _0).

The logical block number and the incremental counter are used when accessing a user block in a random access area.

When reading data stored in the random access area, the logical block number
The data (physical block) to be read is searched, and the newest data is read by referring to the incremental counter of the data having the logical block number.

On the other hand, when storing data in the random access area, referring to the logical block number and the incremental counter of the data already stored in the random access area, unnecessary physical blocks (described later) are stored in the write buffer. After that, data is written to the write buffer.

When the parse block permission of the area definition block is set to use a parse block, the read / write block whose logical block number is 00H is used as a parse block.

The parse block is used for frequently adding and subtracting data, when not wanting to read a value already stored (because the possibility of information leakage increases), and when setting fine access rights to data. Used for etc.

FIG. 12 shows an example of a parse block. The areas D00 to D07 of the data portions D00 to D1f of the parse block are used as parse data portions. The regions D08 to D0f of the data portions D00 to D1f of the parse block are executed by the execution ID (Executing ID).
ion ID). The areas D10 to D1f of the data part of the parse block are used as the user data part, but are set to read-only.

The parse data section stores predetermined data. The execution ID is referred to when an addition instruction or a subtraction instruction for a parse block is executed, and is compared with the execution ID included in the addition instruction or the subtraction instruction.

[0121] On the other hand, the attribute of the user block of the sequential access area, as shown in FIG. 13, stores a wraparound number (bits b _f to b _0). In the sequential access area, data is stored sequentially (sequentially) from the first physical block of the area, and when data is stored up to the last physical block of the area, the data is again stored in order from the first physical block of the area. Is stored (overwritten). The lap round number stores the order.

Therefore, the wrap round number is used when accessing a user block in the sequential access area, and is sequentially referred to when data is stored in the sequential access area. Then, the data is stored in the physical block next to the physical block having the last wrap round number up to that time. At this time, the wrap round number of the physical block in which the data is stored is set to 1
Is set to the number obtained by adding.

For example, if a failure occurs during the previous writing and a parity error (physical memory corruption) occurs in the physical block having the last wrap round number, New data is stored in the physical block. Further, when the physical block having the last wrap round number is the physical block at the end of the sequential access area, new data is stored in the first physical block of the sequential access area.

As described above, the EEPROM 66 is appropriately used by each provider.

Next, the flowchart of FIG.
The operation of the IC card 2 and the R / W 1 will be described with reference to the timing chart of FIG.

First, in step S1, the R / W1 corresponding to the provider registered in the IC card 2
Emits a predetermined electromagnetic wave from the antenna 27, monitors the load state of the antenna 27, waits until the IC card 2 approaches and a change in the load state is detected. In step S1, the R / W 1 emits an electromagnetic wave ASK-modulated with a predetermined short pattern of data, and calls the IC card 2 until a response from the IC card 2 is obtained within a predetermined time. You may make it repeat.

When the R / W 1 detects the approach of the IC card 2 in step S1 (time t _{0 in} FIG. 15), the process proceeds to step S2, where the SPU 32 of the R / W 1 executes the process shown in FIG.
Data to be transmitted to the IC card 2 using a rectangular wave having a predetermined frequency (for example, a frequency twice as high as the clock frequency of the data) as a carrier as shown in (a) (a command corresponding to a process to be executed by the IC card 2) (For example, FIG.
BPSK modulation is performed with the data shown in (b), and the generated modulation wave (BPSK modulation signal) (FIG. 16C) is output to the modulation circuit 23.

At the time of BPSK modulation, when data having a value of 0 appears as shown in FIG. 16C using differential conversion, the immediately preceding BPSK modulation signal (“1”) is used.
The same signal as “0” or “0” or “1”) is used as a BPSK modulation signal.
A signal obtained by inverting the phase of the K modulation signal (a signal obtained by inverting “1” to “0” and inverting “0” to “1”) is a BPS
It is a K modulation signal.

As described above, the data is held by the change of the phase of the modulated wave using the differential conversion, so that even when the BPSK modulation signal is inverted, the signal is demodulated to the original data. There is no need to consider the polarity of the waves.

Then, the modulation circuit 23 performs ASK modulation on the predetermined carrier with a modulation degree of less than 1 (for example, 0.1) (= maximum amplitude of data signal / maximum amplitude of carrier) with the BPSK modulation signal, and generates the carrier. Modulated wave (ASK modulated wave)
The via the antenna 27 and transmits to the IC card 2 (between time t ₀ to time t ₁ in Figure 15).

When transmission is not performed, the modulation circuit 23
Is configured to generate a modulated wave at a high level of two levels (high level and low level) of the digital signal.

Next, in step S3, the IC card 2
Converts a part of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the R / W1 antenna 27 into an electric signal by the antenna 53 and the capacitor 52, and outputs the electric signal (modulated wave) to the RF interface unit 61 of the IC 51. Then, the ASK demodulation unit 81 of the RF interface unit 61 rectifies and smoothes the modulated wave (that is, performs envelope detection), supplies the generated signal to the voltage regulator 82, and supplies a DC component of the generated signal. And a data signal is extracted, and the data signal is output to the BPSK demodulation circuit 62 and the PLL unit 63.

The voltage regulator 82 includes an ASK demodulation unit 8
Stabilize the signal supplied from 1 to generate DC power,
Supply to each circuit.

At this time, the terminal voltage V ₀ of the antenna 53 is, for example, as follows. V ₀ = V ₁₀ (1 + k × Vs (t)) cos (ωt)

Here, V ₁₀ is the amplitude of the carrier component, k
Indicates a modulation factor, and Vs (t) indicates a signal component.

[0136] The value V _LR of low level in the voltage V ₁ of the post-rectification by the ASK demodulating unit 81, for example, as follows. V _LR = V ₁₀ (1 + k × (−1)) − Vf

Here, Vf is the diode D of the rectifier circuit.
2 shows a voltage drop at. Usually, Vf is about 0.7 volt.

Then, the voltage regulator 82 has the ASK
The signal rectified and smoothed by the demodulation unit 81 is stabilized and supplied as DC power to each circuit including the arithmetic unit 64. Since the modulation degree k of the modulated wave is less than 1, the voltage fluctuation after rectification (difference between high level and low level)
Is small. Therefore, voltage regulator 82 can easily generate DC power.

For example, a modulated wave having a modulation factor k of 5% is converted to V ₁₀
If There received so that the above 3 volts, the low level voltage V _LR after the rectification, 2.15 (= 3 × (1-0.0
5) -0.7) volts or more and the voltage regulator 8
2 can supply a sufficient voltage to each circuit as a power supply, and the amplitude 2 × k × V ₁₀ (Peak-to-Peak value) of the AC component (data component) of the rectified voltage V ₁ is: 0.
3 (= 2 × 0.05 × 3) volts or more, and the ASK demodulation unit 81 can demodulate data with a sufficiently high S / N ratio.

As described above, by using the ASK modulated wave whose modulation factor k is less than 1, the error rate is low (S /
Communication is performed (with the N ratio high), and a DC voltage sufficient as a power supply is supplied to the IC card 2.

Then, the BPSK demodulation circuit 62 has a PLL
In accordance with the clock signal supplied from the section 63, the data signal (BPSK modulation signal) from the ASK demodulation section 81 is demodulated, and the demodulated data is output to the calculation section 64.

Next, in step S4, the operation unit 64
When the data supplied from the BPSK demodulation circuit 62 is encrypted, the data (command) is supplied to the sequencer 91 after being decrypted by the encryption / decryption unit 92, and the processing corresponding to the command is performed. performing (between times t ₁ to time t ₂ in Figure 15). Note that, during this period, that is, until the response from the IC card 2 is received, the R / W 1 waits while transmitting the data having the value of 1. Therefore, during this period, the IC card 2 receives a modulated wave having a constant maximum amplitude.

Next, in step S5, the operation unit 64
The sequencer 91 has data (R / W1
Is transmitted to the BPSK modulation circuit 68. The BPSK modulation circuit 68 BPSK-modulates the data, like the SPU 32 of the R / W 1, and outputs the data to the ASK modulation unit 84 of the RF interface unit 61.

The ASK modulating section 84 controls the antenna 5
By using a switching element to vary the load connected to both ends of the modulation wave 3 in accordance with the data, the modulation wave being received (the maximum amplitude of the modulation wave is constant when the IC card 2 is transmitting). the in and), in accordance with the data to be transmitted is ASK modulated, by varying the terminal voltage of the antenna 27 of R / W1 in response, transmits the data to the R / W1 (time t ₂ to the time in FIG. 15 between t _3).

In step S6, the R / W1 modulation circuit 23 continues to transmit data having a value of 1 (high level) even when receiving data from the IC card 2. Then, the demodulation circuit 25 detects the small fluctuation (for example, several tens of microvolts) of the terminal voltage of the antenna 27 electromagnetically coupled to the antenna 27 of the IC card 2,
The data transmitted by the C card 2 is detected.

The demodulation circuit 25 amplifies the detected signal (ASK modulated wave) with a high gain amplifier, demodulates the signal, and outputs the generated digital data to the SPU 32.

Then, in step S7, R / W1
SPU32 is demodulates the data (BPSK modulation signal), and outputs the DPU31, DPU31 is (between times t ₃ to time t ₄ in Figure 15) to process the data.

Further, in step S8, R / W1
The DPU 31 determines whether or not to end the communication in accordance with the processing result. If it is determined that the communication is to be performed again, the process returns to step S2, and in steps S2 to S7, the next data (command) Communication is performed (time t _{4 in} FIG. 15).
To time t ₈ ). On the other hand, when determining that the communication is to be ended, the R / W 1 ends the communication with the IC card 2.

As described above, R / W1 indicates that the modulation factor k is 1
A predetermined command is transmitted to the IC card 2 using the ASK modulation of less than, the IC card 2 receives the command, performs a process corresponding to the command, and outputs data corresponding to a result of the process. , R / W1.

Next, as an example of the processing by the IC card 2 in step S4 described above, an operation when data is written to the EEPROM 66 will be described with reference to the flowcharts in FIGS.

First, an operation for writing data in the random access area of the EEPROM 66 will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS.

In step S21, the sequencer 91
Is a read / write block (not including a parse block) for writing data (as shown in FIG. 8, up to B _RW blocks are read / write blocks in order from BN ₀ ). It is determined whether or not the block is a read / write block, and the process proceeds to step S22.

The sequencer 91 refers to the parse block permission (FIG. 9) of the provider area definition block having the R / W1 provider code, and determines whether the parse block is used (b ₃ = 1). If no parse block is used (b ₃ = 0), the process proceeds to step S23 (FIG. 18).

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S22 that a parse block is being used, the sequencer 91
Is whether the logical block number of the data to be stored (written) is 00H in step S24,
It is determined whether the read / write block for writing data overlaps the parse block. If it is determined that the read / write block for writing data does not overlap the parse block, the process proceeds to step S23.

If it is determined that the read / write block to which data is to be written overlaps the parse block, the sequencer 91 performs error processing in step S25, and ends the processing.

If it is determined in step S21 that the physical block to which data is to be written is not a read / write block, the process proceeds to step S26, where the sequencer 9
No. 1 determines whether or not the physical block to which data is written is a parse block. If it is determined that the physical block is a parse block, the process proceeds to step S27.

If it is determined that the physical block in which the data is to be written is not a parse block, the sequencer 91 performs error processing in step S28 and ends the processing.

At the step S27, the sequencer 91
Searches for a parse block (physical block whose logical block number is 00H) in the random access area,
If a parse block is found, the process proceeds to step S29.

If a parse block is not found in step S27, writing to the parse block cannot be performed, and the sequencer 91 proceeds to step S30.
In, after performing the error processing, the processing ends.

Next, in step S29, the sequencer 91 determines whether or not the instruction (command) for the parse block is an addition instruction. If it is determined that the instruction is an addition instruction, the sequencer 91 proceeds to step S31 and proceeds to step S31. With reference to the parse block permission of the definition block, it is determined whether the addition instruction is permitted (b ₂ = 1).

Then, in step S31, the sequencer 9
If 1 determines that the addition instruction for the parse block is permitted, the process proceeds to step S23.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S31 that the addition instruction for the parse block is not permitted (in the case of b ₂ = 0), the sequencer 91 does not execute the addition instruction, and executes the error processing in step S32. Is performed, and the process ends.

If it is determined in step S29 that the instruction for the parse block is not an addition instruction, the process proceeds to step S33, where the sequencer 91 determines whether the instruction for the parse block is a subtraction instruction. If it is determined that it is a command, step S34
Proceed to.

Then, in step S34, the sequencer 91 refers to the parse block permission of the provider area definition block, determines whether a subtraction instruction is permitted (b ₁ = 1), and subtracts the parse block. If it is determined that the command is permitted, the process proceeds to step S23.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S34 that the subtraction instruction for the parse block is not permitted (if b ₁ = 0), the sequencer 91 does not execute the subtraction instruction and proceeds to step S35 to execute error processing. Is performed, and the process ends.

If it is determined in step S33 that the instruction for the parse block is not a subtraction instruction, the sequencer 91 performs error processing in step S36, and ends the processing.

Next, in step S23 of FIG.
The sequencer 91 searches a physical block in the random access area to find a physical block having the same logical block number as the logical block number of the data to be written.

Then, in step S37, the sequencer 91 determines whether or not the number of physical blocks found in step S23 is two. That is, in this system, for each logical block, at least the previous data and the data before the previous one are stored. And when storing new data,
The new data is stored on the data before the previous one (it may be stored on the data before the previous one of another logical block number). 2 physical blocks with the same logical block number
If there are, the process proceeds to step S38, and the values of the incremental counters (0
0, 01, 10, 11) are read and compared.

A physical block having a large incremental counter value is defined as a physical block storing new data (new physical block), and a physical block storing a small incremental counter value is defined as a physical block storing old data. (Old physical block)
And

However, when the values of the two incremental counters are 00 and 11, the physical block whose incremental counter value is 00 is set as a new physical block, and the physical block whose incremental counter value is 11 is replaced with the old physical block. This is a physical block.

At the step S39, the sequencer 91
Sets the new physical block number (physical block number) of the two physical blocks as a variable Y
7 and the number of the old physical block is stored in the RAM 67 as a variable W (number of a physical block used as a write block).

As described above, after the sequencer 91 stores the variable Y and the variable W, the process proceeds to step S49.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S37 that the number of physical blocks found in step S23 is not two, the process proceeds to step S40, where the sequencer 91
Determines whether the number of physical blocks found in step S23 is one. When it is determined that the number is one, the process proceeds to step S41.

In step S40, the sequencer 91
However, if it is determined that the number of physical blocks found in step S23 is not one, error processing is performed in step S42, and the processing ends.

The fact that there is only one identical logical block means that, for some reason, the data before the last one does not exist. Therefore, in this case, a physical block having another logical block number is searched for a physical block having data of the previous and previous times (that is, a physical block having two physical blocks having the same logical block number). The physical block of the last two times is used as a write block. Therefore, step S41
In, the sequencer 91 stores the number of the found physical block (one) as the variable Y in the RAM 67, and then proceeds to step S43.

At the step S43, the sequencer 91
Searches for the physical block in the random access area,
Two physical blocks having a predetermined (arbitrary) same logical block number (a logical block number irrelevant to the logical block number to be written) are searched.

Since the physical block is searched sequentially from the logical block number 00H, if the logical block number of the data to be written frequently is set to a smaller number, the search time can be shortened. Can be.

Then, in step S44, the sequencer 91 determines whether or not two physical blocks having the same logical block number have been found in step S43. If it is determined that they have been found, the sequencer 91 proceeds to step S45. After referring to the incremental counters of the two physical blocks found, the oldest physical block number of the two physical blocks is stored in the RAM 67 as a variable W (write block number). S4
9 (FIG. 19).

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S44 that two physical blocks have not been found in step S43, the process proceeds to step S46, where the sequencer 91
The parity of each physical block in the random access area is sequentially calculated and compared with the value stored in the parity section of each physical block to search for a physical block having a parity error.

Then, it is determined whether or not there is a physical block having a parity error. If it is determined that there is a physical block having a parity error, the process proceeds to step S47, where the sequencer 91 determines the Let the number be a variable W (the number of the write block)
After the storage in the AM 67, the process proceeds to step S49.

If it is determined in step S46 that there is no physical block causing a parity error, the sequencer 91 performs error processing in step S48 and ends the processing.

Next, in step S49 of FIG.
The sequencer 91 determines whether the physical block to which data is to be written is a parse block (physical block having a logical block number of 00H). The execution ID of the executed instruction is
The execution ID of the physical block of the number stored as the variable Y in step S39 or step S41
It is determined whether or not the instruction is the same as (FIG. 12). If it is determined that the instruction is the same, it is determined that the instruction has already been processed, and the processing ends.

As described above, by using the execution ID, when the R / W 1 retries the same command and the command has already been processed, the IC card 2 performs the processing of the command. The same command is not processed twice.

If it is determined in step S50 that the execution ID of the instruction executed for the parse block is not the same as the execution ID of the physical block having the number stored as the variable Y, the sequencer 91 In step S51, it is determined whether or not the instruction performed on the parse block is an addition instruction.
If it is an addition instruction, the process proceeds to step S52.

At the step S52, the sequencer 91
Reads the parse data of the physical block with the number of the variable Y, calculates the sum of the parse data and the data included in the instruction executed on the parse block, and calculates the sum as the parse data ( New perspective data). After performing the processing as described above, the process proceeds to step S54. At this time, the execution ID of the physical block of the number of the variable Y is set as the execution ID of the new block data. This prevents double processing.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S51 that the instruction to be performed on the parse block is not an addition instruction (that is, a subtraction instruction), step S53 is performed.
The sequencer 91 reads the parse data of the physical block of the number of the variable Y, calculates the difference between the parse data and the data included in the instruction performed on the parse block, and calculates the difference as a new block. This is parse data (new parse data) in the data. After performing the processing as described above, the process proceeds to step S54. At this time, the execution ID of the physical block of the number of the variable Y is set as the execution ID of the new block data. This prevents double processing.

In step S49, the sequencer 91 determines that the physical block to which data is to be written is not a parse block (ie, a read / write block).
If it is determined, the process proceeds to step S54.

Then, in step S54, the sequencer 91 sets the value obtained by adding 1 to the value of the incremental counter of the physical block of the number of the variable Y as the value of the incremental counter of the new block data. However, when the value of the incremental counter of the physical block of the number of the variable Y is 11, the sequencer 91 sets the value of the incremental counter of the new block data to 00.
And

Next, in step S55, the sequencer 91 causes the parity calculator 93 to calculate the parity of the newly written data, the incremental counter, and the logical block number, and stores the parity value in the parity block of the new block data. Value.

Then, in step S56, the sequencer 91 stores the new block data (new storage) in the physical block (write buffer) of the variable W number stored in any of step S39, step S45, or step S47. Data (parse data and execution ID in the case of a parse block), its logical block number, an incremental counter, and
These parities are stored.

As described above, by using a logical block number and an incremental counter to select a physical block (write buffer) for storing data,
Even if a failure occurs during data writing, data of the same logical block number as that of the data remains in the memory, so that logically a memory corruption occurs. Never.

In the above embodiment, the incremental counter is used to determine the block in which new data is recorded among the same logical blocks in the random access area. However, for example, the absolute time (date and time) at the time of recording is used. The time or the value of the counter) is secured in a random access area, for example, a 4-byte area, and is recorded there, whereby it is possible to determine the block in which new data is recorded.

Next, an operation when data is written to the sequential access area of the EEPROM 66 will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS.

In step S61, the sequencer 91
Causes the RAM 67 to store the number of the first physical block in the sequential access area as a variable Z.

Next, in step S62, the sequencer 91 reads out the wrap round number of the physical block whose physical block number is Z, and
67 and the physical block number is Z + 1.
Read the wrap round number of the physical block
The variable B is stored in the RAM 67.

Then, in step S63, the sequencer 91 determines whether or not the difference (AB) between the value of the variable A and the value of the variable B is 1, and if it is not 1, the sequencer 91 It is determined that the physical block is a physical block that stores data having the last wrap round number, and the process proceeds to step S66.

If the sequencer 91 determines that the difference (A−B) between the value of the variable A and the value of the variable B is 1, the sequencer 91 sets the physical block number Z to the physical block at the end of the sequential access area in step S64. It is determined whether or not the physical block is the same as the number of the sequential access area.If it is determined that the physical block is the same, it is determined that the physical block at the end of the sequential access area is a physical block storing data having the last wrap round number. The process proceeds to step S66.

If it is determined in step S64 that the physical block number Z is not the same as the number of the physical block at the end of the sequential access area, the sequencer 91 determines in step S65 the value of the variable Z stored in the RAM 67. After increasing by one, step S6
Return to 2. Then, steps S62 to S65
Are sequentially repeated while changing the value of the variable Z (the value of the physical block number to be searched).

In this way, the end of the wrap round number of the data stored sequentially is found. Then, in step S66, the sequencer 91
Performs the parity check of the block of the number of the variable Z (= the number of the last physical block of the wrap round number).

[0200] In step S67, the sequencer 91 determines whether or not a parity error has occurred in the physical block. If it is determined that a parity error has occurred, the sequencer 91 proceeds to step S68.

At the step S68, the sequencer 91
Determines whether or not the value of the variable Z is the same as the number of the first physical block in the sequential access area, and if it is determined that the value is the same, the data (excluding the one causing a parity error). Is determined to be the end physical block of the sequential access area, and the number of the end physical block of the sequential access area is stored in the RAM 67 as a new variable Y in step S70. Proceed to (FIG. 21).

If it is determined that the value of the variable Z is not the same as the number of the first physical block in the sequential access area, the sequencer 91 proceeds to step S71.
The number of the last physical block of the data is calculated by subtracting 1 from the value of the variable Z, and the calculated value (Z-1) is stored as a variable Y in the RAM 67.
Proceed to.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S67 that a parity error has not occurred, in step S69, the sequencer 91 sets the number of the last physical block of the data (in this case, the value of the variable Z) as the variable Y. , R
After the storage in the AM 67, the process proceeds to step S72.

Next, in step S72, the sequencer 91 determines whether the number of the last physical block of the data (the value of the variable Y) and the number of the last physical block of the sequential access area are the same. If it is determined that they are the same, the process proceeds to step S73.

In step S73, the sequencer 91 stores the number of the physical block at the head of the sequential access area as the number of the physical block into which new data is to be written, and stores the number as a variable W in the RAM 67. Proceed to step S75.

If it is determined in step S72 that the number of the physical block at the end of the data (the value of the variable Y) is not the same as the number of the physical block at the end of the sequential access area, in step S74, the sequencer 91 The number obtained by adding 1 to the value of the variable Y is used as the number of the physical block in which new data is to be written, and the number is stored in the RAM 67 as the variable W.
Go to 5.

Next, in step S75, the sequencer 91 determines whether or not the data to be newly stored is the same as the physical block (the last data) of the variable Y number. Since the data to be stored is already stored, the process is terminated.

On the other hand, if it is determined that the data to be newly stored is not the same as the physical block (the last data) of the number of the variable Y, the sequencer 91 proceeds to step S76. , And the number obtained by adding 1 to the value is set as the wrap round number of newly stored data (new block data).

Next, in step S77, the sequencer 91 causes the parity calculation unit 93 to calculate the parity of the data to be stored and the wrap round number (new block data). In step S78, the new block data is added to the physical block of number W. Write.

As described above, the wrap round numbers in the sequentially stored data are sequentially searched, and the next physical block after the last data (or the first physical block in the sequential access area) is
Since new data is stored, even if a failure occurs during the writing of new data, data having a wrap round number smaller than the wrap round number of the written data remains, so that logical Does not cause memory corruption.

As described above, the EEPROM 66 is capable of independently providing a storage area to a plurality of providers, and is configured to suppress the occurrence of memory corruption by using information of the attribute part. I have.

The same user block can be assigned to a plurality of providers. In that case,
The same user block is allocated in the allocation table of the provider area definition block in which those providers (overlap providers) are registered. At this time, by setting the partition table of the provider area definition block for each provider, different access rights (read / write or read-only) can be set for the same user block for each provider. In addition, by setting a certain provider not to use a parse block and setting another provider to use a parse block, the predetermined provider can obtain a parse block used by another provider. Data can be written to the user data portion of the block (read-only for other providers).

The areas D0e and D0 of the area definition block
0f (usually, the area where the security key version number is stored) is set to a predetermined value (for example, FFFF).
H), and furthermore, the area D10 of the area definition block
By storing the provider code (up to eight) of a predetermined provider in D1f to D1f, the provider (local common provider) uses the user block allocated in the allocation table of the area definition block as a common area. Can be.

Also, by registering a local common provider in two area definition blocks to which the same user block is assigned, and setting different access rights for each area definition block, the access right to the user block is changed to the local common block. It can be set for each provider.

As described above, by setting the overlap provider and the local common provider, individual processing can be performed for a plurality of providers (ie, R / W).

The present invention can be applied not only to the case of transmitting and receiving signals by radio waves (non-contact) but also to the case of transmitting and receiving signals in a physically coupled state (contact). In the event of a power outage, or in the case of a battery-operated device where the battery has been removed, data can be secured.

A program for performing each of the above-described processes is recorded on a transmission medium such as a magnetic disk or CD-ROM and provided to the user, or transmitted to the user via a transmission medium such as a network. hard disk,
Recording on a transmission medium consisting of a recording medium such as a solid-state memory,
Can be used.

[0218]

As described above, according to the information processing method according to the first aspect, the transmission medium according to the third aspect, and the information processing apparatus according to the fourth aspect, data of one or more users is transmitted. A storage unit including a first area to be stored and a second area used by one or more users stored in the first area and set as a free area not used as the first area. Is used to process the command, so that the memory utilization efficiency can be improved.

[0219] The information processing method according to claim 6, Claim 1
According to the transmission medium described in Item No. 0 and the information processing device described in Item 11, data stored in a physical block includes:
In addition to assigning a logical block number, new data having a predetermined logical block number is stored in a physical block other than the physical block in which the data having the logical block number is stored. It can be suppressed logically.

According to the information processing method described in claim 15, the transmission medium described in claim 17, and the information processing apparatus described in claim 18, the data of the predetermined block in the second area is an identification number. Has a recognition number of a command supplied by a user and a recognition number of data, so that the same command is not repeatedly processed, so that each command is not erroneously processed a plurality of times. can do.

According to the information processing method described in claim 20, the transmission medium described in claim 22, and the information processing apparatus described in claim 23, the data stored in the block corresponds to the storage order. When the block having the last number is the last block of the allocated area, new data is stored in the first block, and the block having the last number is assigned to the last block. If not, new data is stored in the block next to the block having the last number, so that the occurrence of memory corruption can be logically suppressed.

According to the information processing method described in claim 25, the transmission medium described in claim 26, and the information processing apparatus described in claim 27, the predetermined area in the second area and one user The command is processed using a storage unit that stores a plurality of data, each defining a different access right, in the first area for a predetermined user. Can be given multiple access rights.

According to the information processing method described in claim 28, the transmission medium described in claim 29, and the information processing apparatus described in claim 30, a plurality of users set a predetermined area in the second area. Since the command is processed using the storage unit that stores the data used jointly in the first area, the same storage area can be allocated to a plurality of users.

According to the information processing method described in claim 31, the transmission medium described in claim 32, and the information processing apparatus described in claim 33, a predetermined area in the second area and a plurality of Commands are processed by using a storage unit that stores a plurality of data defining different access rights of users in the first area, so that a plurality of users can be stored in a predetermined storage area in a predetermined storage area. Different access rights can be given.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an information processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
It is a block diagram showing an example of a non-contact card system using C card 2.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a reader / writer 1 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an information processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a C card 2.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of memory allocation in the EEPROM 66 of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of allocation of each area of a system ID block in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an attribute unit in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of assignment of each area in the area definition block of FIG. 3;

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of user block allocation in FIG. 3;

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a parse block permission shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of allocation of each area of the user block in FIG. 3;

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of an attribute section of a user block in a random access area in FIG. 8;

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of assignment of each area of a parse block.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of an attribute section of a user block in the sequential access area of FIG. 8;

FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the contactless card system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 15 is a timing chart illustrating the operation of the contactless card system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of BPSK modulation.

FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the IC card 2 when writing to a user block in the random access area in FIG. 8;

FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the IC card 2 when writing to a user block in the random access area in FIG. 8;

FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the IC card 2 when writing to a user block in the random access area of FIG. 8;

FIG. 20 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the IC card 2 when writing to a user block in the sequential access area of FIG. 8;

FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the IC card 2 when writing to a user block in the sequential access area in FIG. 8;

[Explanation of symbols]

1 reader / writer, 2 IC card, 3 controller, 21 IC, 23 modulation circuit, 25 demodulation circuit, 27 antenna, 51 IC, 52 capacitor, 53 antenna, 61 RF interface section, 62 BPSK demodulation circuit, 63 PLL section,
64 operation unit, 65 ROM, 66 EEPROM,
67 RAM, 68 BPSK modulation circuit, 81
ASK demodulation section, 82 voltage regulator, 83 oscillation circuit, 84 ASK modulation section, 91 sequencer,
92 encryption / decryption unit, 93 parity operation unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI G06K 19/07 G06K 19/00 N

Claims (33)

[Claims] Detecting a command from a predetermined user; a first area for storing data of one or more users; and the one or more users stored in the first area. Processing the command using a storage unit in which a second area set as a free area not used as the first area is formed, and a result of the processing is output. Performing an information processing method. 2. The second area has one or more blocks, and includes, as a part of the user data, a first block of an area used by the user in the second area. The corresponding number and the number corresponding to the last block,
The information processing method according to claim 1, wherein the information is stored in the first area. Detecting a command from a predetermined user; a first area for storing data of one or more users; and the one or more users stored in the first area. Processing the command using a storage unit in which a second area set as a free area not used as the first area is used, and a result of the processing is output. Transmitting a program comprising the steps of: Detecting means for detecting an external input signal; a first area for storing data of one or more users; and a first area for storing data of the one or more users. Storage means for forming a second area to be used, which is set as a free area not used as the first area, and processing for performing processing corresponding to the input signal using the storage means And an output unit for outputting a result of the processing of the processing unit to the outside. 5. The second area has one or more blocks, and includes, as a part of the user data, a first block of an area used by the user in the second area. The corresponding number and the number corresponding to the last block,
The information processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the information is stored in the first area. 6. A detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, a processing means for processing the command, an output means for outputting a result of the processing of the processing means, and outputting data of one or more users. A first area to be stored and a second area managed in units of physical blocks of a predetermined size and used by the one or more users stored in the first area are formed. An information processing method in an information processing apparatus including a storage unit, wherein the processing unit assigns a logical block number to data stored in the physical block; and the storage unit has a new logical block number having a predetermined logical block number. Storing the unique data in a physical block other than the physical block in which the data having the logical block number is stored. Management method. 7. The second area has one or more physical blocks, and is a first block of an area used by the user in the second area as a part of the data of the user. And the number corresponding to the last block,
7. The information processing method according to claim 6, wherein the information is stored in the first area. 8. The data stored in the physical block further includes identification information for identifying the newness of the data having the same logical block number, and the storage unit stores the new information having a predetermined logical block number. And storing the new data in a physical block other than the physical block storing the latest data among the data having the same logical block number by referring to the value of the identification information. An information processing method according to claim 1. 9. The identification information may be a counter value indicating the number of updates of data having the logical block number, a time at which the data having the logical block number is stored, or a time at which the data having the logical block number is stored. 9. The information processing method according to claim 8, wherein the value of the counter is: 10. A detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, a processing means for processing the command, an output means for outputting a result of the processing of the processing means, and outputting data of one or more users. A first area to be stored and a second area managed in units of physical blocks of a predetermined size and used by the one or more users stored in the first area are formed. A transmission medium for transmitting a program used in an information processing apparatus including a storage unit, wherein the processing unit assigns a logical block number to data stored in the physical block; Storing new data having the block number in a physical block other than the physical block in which the data having the logical block number is stored. Transmission medium characterized by transmitting the program. 11. A detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, a processing means for processing the command, an output means for outputting a result of the processing of the processing means, and outputting data of one or more users. A first area to be stored and a second area managed in units of physical blocks of a predetermined size and used by the one or more users stored in the first area are formed. An information processing apparatus comprising: a storage unit, wherein the processing unit assigns a logical block number to data stored in the physical block, and the storage unit assigns new data having a predetermined logical block number to the logical block. An information processing device storing data having a block number in a physical block other than the physical block in which the data is stored. 12. The second area has one or more physical blocks, and is a first block of an area used by the user in the second area as a part of the data of the user. And the number corresponding to the last block,
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the information is stored in the first area.
An information processing apparatus according to claim 1. 13. The data stored in the physical block further includes identification information for identifying the newness of data having the same logical block number, and the storage unit stores the new information having a predetermined logical block number. And storing the new data in a physical block other than the physical block storing the latest data among the data having the same logical block number with reference to the value of the identification information. An information processing apparatus according to claim 1. 14. The identification information includes a counter value indicating the number of updates of data having the logical block number, a time at which the data having the logical block number is stored, or a time at which the data having the logical block number is stored. 14. The information processing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the value of the counter is: 15. A detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, a processing means for processing the command, an output means for outputting a result of the processing of the processing means, and outputting data of one or more users. A storage in which a first area to be stored and a second area managed by a block of a predetermined size and used by the one or more users stored in the first area are formed. In the information processing method in the information processing apparatus, the data of the predetermined block in the second area has an identification number, and the processing unit has an identification number of the command supplied from the user. And comparing the identification numbers of the data with each other and processing the command in accordance with the comparison result. 16. The second area has one or more blocks, and includes, as a part of the user data, a first block of an area used by the user in the second area. The corresponding number and the number corresponding to the last block,
16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the information is stored in the first area.
An information processing method according to claim 1. 17. A detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, a processing means for processing the command, an output means for outputting a result of the processing of the processing means, and outputting data of one or more users. A storage in which a first area to be stored and a second area managed by a block of a predetermined size and used by the one or more users stored in the first area are formed. Means for transmitting a program used in an information processing apparatus comprising: a data of a predetermined block in the second area has an identification number; and wherein the processing means is provided by the user. Transmitting a program including a step of comparing an identification number of a command with an identification number of the data and processing the command in accordance with a result of the comparison. Media. 18. A detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, a processing means for processing the command, an output means for outputting a result of the processing of the processing means, and outputting data of one or more users. A storage in which a first area to be stored and a second area managed by a block of a predetermined size and used by the one or more users stored in the first area are formed. In the information processing apparatus, the data of the predetermined block in the second area has an identification number, and the processing means includes: an identification number of the command supplied from the user; An information processing apparatus for comparing the identification numbers of the commands and processing the command in accordance with the comparison result. 19. The second area has one or more blocks, and includes, as a part of the user data, a first block of an area used by the user in the second area. The corresponding number and the number corresponding to the last block,
19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the information is stored in the first area.
An information processing apparatus according to claim 1. 20. A detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, a processing means for processing the command, an output means for outputting a result of the processing of the processing means, and outputting data of one or more users. Storage means for forming a first area to be stored and a second area to be used by the one or more users stored in the first area and managed in block units of a predetermined size. An information processing method in an information processing apparatus comprising:
Assigning a number corresponding to the order in which the numbers are stored; and storing the number corresponding to the first block and the number corresponding to the last block of the area used by the user in the first area. If the block having the last number is the last block, new data is stored in the first block, and if the block having the last number is not the last block, the new data is stored. Storing the new data in a block next to the block having the last number. 21. The information processing method according to claim 20, wherein if there is a block having the same data as the new data, the new data is not stored. 22. A detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, a processing means for processing the command, an output means for outputting a result of the processing of the processing means, and outputting data of one or more users. Storage means for forming a first area to be stored and a second area to be used by the one or more users stored in the first area and managed in block units of a predetermined size. In a transmission medium for transmitting a program used for an information processing apparatus comprising: the processing unit, the data stored in the block,
Assigning a number corresponding to the order in which the numbers are stored; and storing the number corresponding to the first block and the number corresponding to the last block of the area used by the user in the first area. If the block having the last number is the last block, new data is stored in the first block, and if the block having the last number is not the last block, the new data is stored. Storing the last data in a block next to the block having the last number. 23. A detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, a processing means for processing the command, an output means for outputting a result of the processing of the processing means, and outputting data of one or more users. Storage means for forming a first area to be stored and a second area to be used by the one or more users stored in the first area and managed in block units of a predetermined size. And the processing means stores the data stored in the block,
Assigning a number corresponding to the order of storage, the storage means stores, in the first area, a number corresponding to a first block and a number corresponding to a last block of an area used by the user; If the block having the last number is the last block, new data is stored in the first block, and if the block having the last number is not the last block, the new data is stored. An information processing apparatus for storing data in a block next to a block having the last number. 24. The information processing apparatus according to claim 23, wherein when there is a block having the same data as the new data, the new data is not stored. 25. A step of detecting a command from a predetermined user; a first area for storing data of one or more users; and the one or more users stored in the first area. And a second area which is managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size and which is used by the user, has different access rights for the predetermined area in the second area and for each user. An information processing method, comprising: a step of processing the command using a storage unit that stores a plurality of pieces of data defining the above in the first area; and a step of outputting a result of the processing. . 26. A step of detecting a command from a predetermined user, a first area for storing data of one or more users, and the one or more users stored in the first area. And a second area which is managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size and which is used by the user, has different access rights for the predetermined area in the second area and for each user. Transmitting a program including a step of processing the command and a step of outputting a result of the processing using a storage unit that stores a plurality of pieces of data defining the first area in the first area. Transmission medium 27. A detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, a processing means for processing the command, an output means for outputting a result of the processing of the processing means, and outputting data of one or more users. Storage means for forming a first area to be stored and a second area to be used by the one or more users stored in the first area and managed in block units of a predetermined size. The storage unit stores a plurality of data defining different access rights for a predetermined area in the second area and for each user in the first area. An information processing apparatus, comprising: 28. A step of detecting a command from a predetermined user, a first area for storing data of a plurality of users, and a command for use by the plurality of users stored in the first area. Is managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size.
Is formed, and data in which a plurality of users jointly use a predetermined area in the second area is stored in the first area.
An information processing method comprising: a step of processing the command using a storage unit that stores the command in an area; and a step of outputting a result of the processing. 29. A step of detecting a command from a predetermined user; a first area for storing data of a plurality of users; and a first area used by the plurality of users stored in the first area. Is managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size.
Is formed, and data in which a plurality of users jointly use a predetermined area in the second area is stored in the first area.
A transmission medium for transmitting a program including a step of processing the command using a storage unit that stores the command in a region, and a step of outputting a result of the processing. 30. A detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, a processing means for processing the command, an output means for outputting a processing result of the processing means, and storing data of a plurality of users. A first area to be managed and a second area managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size and used by the plurality of users stored in the first area.
Storage means in which an area is formed, wherein the storage means stores, in the first area, data in which a predetermined area in the second area is used jointly by a plurality of users. Characteristic information processing device. 31. A step of detecting a command from a predetermined user; a first area for storing data of a plurality of users; and a first area used by the plurality of users stored in the first area. Is managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size.
Area is formed, a predetermined area in the second area, and a plurality of data defining different access rights of a plurality of users, using a storage unit that stores in the first area, An information processing method comprising: processing the command; and outputting a result of the processing. 32. A step of detecting a command from a predetermined user; a first area for storing data of a plurality of users; and a first area used by the plurality of users stored in the first area. Is managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size.
Area is formed, a predetermined area in the second area, and a plurality of data defining different access rights of a plurality of users, using a storage unit that stores in the first area, A transmission medium for transmitting a program comprising: a step of processing the command; and a step of outputting a result of the processing. 33. A detecting means for detecting a command from a predetermined user, a processing means for processing the command, an output means for outputting a processing result of the processing means, and storing data of a plurality of users. A first area to be managed and a second area managed in units of blocks of a predetermined size and used by the plurality of users stored in the first area.
Storage means in which an area is formed, wherein the storage means is a predetermined area in the second area,
An information processing apparatus, wherein a plurality of data defining different access rights of a plurality of users are stored in the first area.