JPH10101403A - Production of sintered compact baked at wide temperature zone using glass particle as raw material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable the reuse of glass obtained from waist glass, etc., the baking at wide temperature zone, the reduction of the discharge of carbonic acid gas at a low temperature range and the use of glass as constructional material for building by baking a molded body produced using a specific molding raw material. SOLUTION: Glass granules generated in a glass manufacturing process, etc., and glass granules obtained by crushing waste glass, having an average particle diameter of 2-5mm, are used as raw materials. These granules with the upper limit of weight ratio of 80wt.% are kneaded with ceramic clay such as potter's clay, kibushi-clay or bentonite while adjusting water content to obtain a raw material for molding. A molded body produced from the obtained raw material for molding by wet extrusion molding or dry press molding is baked at a temperature in a wide temperature zone such as 700-1300 deg.C, and this process enables the control of baking by combining perfect sintering and partial sintering. That is, low temperature baking such as at about 700 deg.C gives lower strength than high temperature baking, but it reinforces the strength by the melt of glass and gives a sintered compact having a specific decorative effect.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a sintered body in a wide temperature range using glass granules as a raw material.

2. Description of the Related Art In the process of processing glass, glass powder and glass particles are produced as a by-product, and used glass bottles exceeding the limit of recycling can be obtained in large quantities as waste glass. In recent years, the use of these unnecessary glasses has been actively studied for the purpose of effectively utilizing resources. The glass used for the glass products has various chemical compositions depending on the application, and examples thereof include soda-lime glass, lead glass, and borosilicate glass.
The main component of these glass materials is silica having silicon oxide as a main component. About 70% of soda-lime glass, about 70 to 80% of borosilicate glass,
Lead glass contains about 60% silica.

In general, soda-lime glass is widely used for bottles and the like, and its viscosity-temperature characteristics are regarded as an important condition. The melting temperature range is ^101.5 to ^102.5
Poise has a temperature range of 1350 to 1500 ° C.
It is well known that this is a temperature range in which all glass is completely melted, and a sintering temperature corresponding to partial melting of glass is around 1000 ° C.

[0003]

The ceramics such as tiles are manufactured by using clay as a main raw material, and adding porcelain clay and aggregate thereto.
The following shows the composition of clay used in pottery such as tiles. Iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) 1% or less Alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) 15% or less Silica (SiO ₂ ) 70% or less Sodium oxide 0.5% or less Calcium oxide 0.5% or less Other As described above, clay material is mainly composed of silica. If only the silica component is viewed, the possibility of using a glass material containing silica as a main component as a raw material for a fired body such as a tile is assumed to some extent.

However, the melting point of glass is considerably lower than that of baked goods, and from the viewpoint of strength, it is much lower than that of a fired body obtained by firing a clay material. The viscosity of the glass is 600
About 10 ° C, about 10 times higher than normal temperature, 700 ° C
In this case, partial sintering occurs by about 10 ⁸ times.
That is, when the temperature reaches about 700 ° C., atoms or molecules move on the surface of the glass particles, and are bonded to other firing materials, thereby forming a partially sintered fired body. However, a method of realizing a fired body by partial sintering at an extremely low temperature of 700 ° C. is not practical and has hardly been performed conventionally.

In general, when glass particles are mixed with a ceramic material and sintered, the maximum sintering is limited to about 10 mesh (1.651 mm). When used, they are in a partially sintered state. In addition, when waste glass or the like is effectively used as a raw material, there is a problem that crushing to a small particle size requires a processing cost.

[0006] In view of these problems, the present invention makes it possible to easily reuse resources by effectively utilizing glass obtained from waste glass and the like, to enable sintering and firing in a wide temperature range, and to realize a low temperature range. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a sintered sintered body in a wide temperature range using glass particles as a raw material, which enables sintering and firing with extremely low emission of carbon dioxide gas and can be suitably used as a structural material for building. The purpose is.

[0007]

The present invention has the following arrangement to achieve the above object. That is, the average particle size is 2
A molded body is formed by using a molding raw material produced by mixing a glass granule in a range of 5 mm and clay for ceramics with the upper limit of the weight ratio of the glass granule being 80% by weight, adjusting the water content and kneading the mixture. And firing the molded body at a firing temperature of 700 to 1300 ° C.
Characterized by firing. Further, a molding obtained by molding the raw material for molding by wet extrusion molding or dry press molding is fired by oxidation firing or reduction firing. Further, the present invention is characterized in that crushed waste glass is used as the glass particles.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a wide temperature band sintered body using glass particles, which comprises a glass particle generated in a glass processing step or a glass particle obtained by crushing waste glass. The method is characterized in that glass particles having an average particle diameter of 2 to 5 mm are used as raw materials and firing is performed at a firing temperature in a wide temperature range of 700 to 1300 ° C. The raw material for molding is prepared by adding a clay for ceramics to glass granules, adjusting the water content, and kneading. As the clay for ceramics, frog eye clay, wood comb clay and the like can be used, and bentonite can also be used.

When the materials to be sintered are in contact with each other at the time of sintering, constituent atoms are first evaporated on the surface, and the atoms are aggregated at the contact portion to form a sintered contact portion.
This is the evaporation-condensation process. In the low-temperature sintering, surface diffusion of atoms occurs thereafter, and in the high-temperature sintering, volume diffusion occurs. In the present invention, a large glass particle having a particle diameter of 2 to 5 mm is used as a raw material and fired in a wide temperature range of 700 to 1300 ° C. This is controlled by a combination of complete sintering and partial sintering. It is because of that.

When firing at a low temperature such as 700 ° C. using glass particles having a particle size of 2 to 5 mm as a raw material, heat conduction is difficult due to the large glass particle size, and volume diffusion occurs only in a part of the material. The body is partially sintered. However, when glass particles having a large particle size are used even when obtained by firing at such a low temperature, the physical properties and colors of the fired body greatly change, and the unevenness of color and the interestingness of the fired product appear, and the decorativeness is increased. There is a characteristic that an effect can be obtained. In the case of ceramic clay, complete sintering at 1000 ° C or higher,
As the temperature further increases, volume shrinkage occurs. In the case of low-temperature firing at about 700 ° C., the clay is partially sintered to form a coarse fired body, but a suitable fired body cannot be obtained unless the clay content is reduced to some extent. If the glass content exceeds 60% by weight, the properties of the glass become stronger.

[0011] In the case of low-temperature firing, the strength of the fired body is lower than in the case of high-temperature firing. It has the advantage of gaining body. In the case of such low-temperature firing, although the strength is slightly lowered, a characteristic feature is that a fired body having a specific decorative effect can be obtained by using the glass particles as described above.

On the other hand, in the case of high temperature firing, the particle size is 2 to 5 m.
Even if glass particles such as m are used, sufficient heat conduction is performed, so that volume diffusion is likely to occur, and at the same time, glass is easily melted, glass is easily diffused, and the glass is uniformly mixed. A completely sintered body is obtained. The characteristic of the fired body by high temperature firing is that the degree of shrinkage by firing is large,
Therefore, the dimensional accuracy is reduced, but the strength of the fired body is improved, and a dense fired body having a low water absorption is obtained.

As described above, the method for producing a sintered fired body according to the method of the present invention is characterized in that a fired body is produced using glass particles having a large particle size of 2 to 5 mm as a raw material. By controlling the partial sintering and the complete sintering by widely combining the particle size and the sintering temperature, 700 to 13
It enables firing in a wide temperature range of 00 ° C. Normally, firing in a wide temperature range of 700 to 1300 ° C. requires changing the composition and type of the material to be sintered, but in the present invention, the particle size of the glass particles and the mixing ratio of the glass are changed without changing the composition. It is possible by changing.

Although the larger the ratio of the glass particles in the raw material for molding, the more efficient the glass waste material and the like is, the more efficient it is, it is necessary to obtain a dense and high-quality fired body. The weight ratio is preferably up to about 80% of the raw material for molding by weight. The raw material for molding prepared from the glass granules and the clay for ceramics is adjusted in moisture, molded into a predetermined shape such as a tile, and fired. As a molding method, any of a wet extrusion molding method and a dry press molding method can be used. The firing conditions can be either oxidation firing or reduction firing. The complete melting temperature of a simple glass is 1350 to 1500 ° C. However, when firing is performed using a molding raw material in which glass granules and ceramic clay are mixed as in the present invention, complete sintering by a simple glass is performed. It can be fired at much lower temperatures.

[0015]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, a description will be given of an example of manufacturing a wide-temperature-range sintered body obtained by using glass particles as a raw material. Example 1 Glass processing by-product glass granules (average particle size 2 mm) and clay for ceramics were mixed in the following ratio by volume to obtain raw materials. Glass particles having an average particle diameter of 2 mm 80% by weight Ceramic clay 15% by weight Water 5% by weight This mixture was kneaded to prepare a raw material for molding, and a block was molded by dry press molding and oxidized and fired at 700 ° C. . The sintered fired body was obtained as a sintered body in which the surface of the glass was partially melted and the color of the glass was uneven. It can be used as a decorative tile.

Example 2 A glass material by-product of glass processing (average particle size: 5 mm) and clay for ceramics were mixed in the following proportions to obtain raw materials. Glass particles having an average particle size of 5 mm 30% by weight Ceramic clay 55% by weight Water 15% by weight This mixture was kneaded to prepare a forming raw material, a block was formed by a wet extrusion molding method, and reduced and fired at 1300 ° C. . The sintered fired body is almost completely obtained as a sintered body,
The shape of the glass particles was not observed, and the entire surface of the block became a kiln-like color depending on how the flame hit due to reduction firing.

Example 3 A glass material having an average particle diameter of 3 mm obtained by crushing a glass waste material and a clay for ceramics were mixed in the following ratio by volume to obtain a raw material. Waste glass particles having an average particle size of 3 mm 5% by weight Ceramic clay 81% by weight Water 14% by weight This mixture is kneaded to produce a raw material for molding, and a block body is molded by a wet extrusion molding method and reduced at 1200 ° C. Fired. The sintered fired body was obtained as a partially sintered body having a dense kiln deformed color in which partially sintered incompletely melted glass particles were scattered on the surface.

Example 4 A glass material having an average particle diameter of 4 mm obtained by crushing glass waste material and clay for ceramics were mixed at the following ratio by volume to obtain raw materials. Waste glass particles having an average particle diameter of 4 mm 45% by weight Ceramic clay 39% by weight Water 16% by weight This mixture is kneaded to prepare a forming raw material, and a block body is formed by a wet extrusion molding method and oxidized at 1000 ° C. Fired. In the sintered fired body, it was clearly observed that a part of the partially sintered glass particles were uniformly scattered, and a sintered body of uniform color was obtained.

The results of a quality test performed on the sintered fired body (200 × 250 × 200 mm) obtained by the method of Example 3 are shown below. Water absorption 2.6 Wear loss 0.04 g Flexural strength 225 N / cm Freezing damage resistance No abnormality in 10 cycles Chemical resistance No abnormality in 3% hydrochloric acid solution and 3% sodium hydroxide solution −Mass when dried) ÷ (Mass when dried). When the water absorption is 5.0% or less, it is referred to as soap quality, and when it is 1.0% or less, it is called porcelain quality. JI of wear reduction of building materials for floors and mosaic tiles
The S standard is 0.1 g or less, but the above example satisfies this standard. The bending strength according to the JIS standard is 12 N / cm or more for interior walls, 60 N / cm or more for interior floors, 80 N / cm or more for exterior (160 mm or less), and exterior (160 N / cm).
mm) 100 N / cm or more, 120 / cm or more for floors.
The products of the above examples satisfy all of these criteria.

As described above, the sintered fired body obtained by using the glass particles according to the present invention as a raw material has excellent physical properties, and can be sufficiently used as a structural building material for buildings. is there. Also, by controlling the temperature of the sintered body of glass, it becomes possible to form a partially sintered body with a gradient,
By making good use of the viscosity of glass, it is possible to form a partially sintered body at an extremely low sintering temperature of 700 ° C. In addition, it was possible to create an interesting color tone and pattern by making the glass a very large particle having a particle size of 2 to 5 mm and changing the viscosity according to the temperature. Thereby, it can be provided as a product having a characteristic different from a fired body obtained by a conventional clay for ceramics.

Further, since sintering can be performed in an extremely wide temperature range of 700 to 1300 ° C., firing in a low temperature range reduces carbon dioxide gas discharged during firing by 30% or more. It is possible to provide a sintered fired body having a high utility value that can be produced with consideration for the environment. In addition, since large glass particles such as 2 to 5 mm are used, particularly, glass particles obtained from waste glass can be processed at a lower cost as the particle size is larger, easier to handle, and easily used as a raw material for a fired body. It becomes possible. In addition, when used as a raw material for a fired body, it can be expected to consume a large amount in terms of quantity, making it possible to effectively use glass waste materials and to effectively reuse resources, and also to protect the environment. There are effects such as helping.

[0022]

According to the method for producing a sintered body in a wide temperature range using glass particles as a raw material according to the present invention, it is possible to perform firing in a wide temperature range as a sintered body using glass particles as a raw material. It can be used as an architectural structural material having excellent properties in terms of physical properties such as strength, and can be used for various applications. In addition, by setting the particle size of the glass particles to be used as extremely large as 2 to 5 mm, which is not conventionally used, the effect of performing partial sintering due to incomplete melting of glass can be effectively used. Further, since the particle size is large, the cost for crushing the waste glass can be reduced, the economic efficiency can be increased, and the resources can be effectively reused. In addition, the sintering and firing in a low temperature range can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide gas emitted during firing, thereby providing significant effects such as effective contribution to environmental conservation.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A glass granule having an average particle size in the range of 2 to 5 mm and a clay for ceramics are mixed at a weight ratio of the glass granule of 80% by weight at the upper limit, and the mixture is kneaded by adjusting the water content. A method for producing a wide-range-temperature-sintered sintered body using glass granules as a raw material, wherein a molded body is formed using a raw material for molding, and the molded body is fired at a firing temperature of 700 to 1300 ° C. 2. The wide area using the glass granules as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein a molded product obtained by molding the raw material for molding by wet extrusion molding or dry press molding is fired by oxidation firing or reduction firing. A method for producing a sintered sintered body in a temperature zone. 3. The method for producing a sintered body in a wide temperature range using a glass particle as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein the glass particle is obtained by crushing waste glass.