JPH0993820A - Solar photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a system for operating a distributed power supply system while interconnecting with a commercial system in which the need of dedicated line is eliminated by transmitting a signal tar controlling the switching of a solar photovoltaic power generation system being connected with the commercial system on an existing telephone line or by radio. SOLUTION: A commercial system 1 and a distributed power supply system 7 comprising a solar battery 8, an inverter 9, a protective relay 12 and a watt- hour meter 13 are switched by means of a circuit breaker 11. The circuit breaker 11 comprises a circuit breaker control section 21 which is operated by a command signal delivered on a signal transmission line 22. A receiver for receiving a radio wave transmitted from a transmitter of power company 25 or an existing telephone line is used as a signal, transmission means. According to the structure, a large number of distributed power supplies are switched surely without requiring any dedicated line or facility.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a solar power generation device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a system has been developed in which a distributed power supply system using photovoltaic power generation is connected to a commercial power supply, and when the photovoltaic power generation alone cannot provide power, the power is supplied from the grid side.

As shown in FIG. 6, such a system comprises a solar cell 40 for converting sunlight energy into electric energy, and a diode and a switch so that the output from the solar cell 40 does not flow back to the solar cell 40. Connection box (not shown), an inverter 41 for converting DC power from the solar cell 40 into AC power synchronized with the commercial power supply, a protective relay 42 for detecting an abnormality of the commercial power supply, and a power meter 4
3. The power supply system of the commercial power supply, that is, the circuit breaker 46 that disconnects the distributed power supply system 45 from the commercial power supply 44. In a low-voltage interconnection system for general households, the solar cell 40 is usually installed on the roof of a house and the inverter 41 is often installed indoors.

As described above, when the distributed power supply system 45 is operated in the grid interconnection and the commercial power supply 44 loses power, the distributed power supply system 45 is changed to the commercial power supply 44.
Must be separated from. If this disconnection is neglected, the electric power generated in the distributed power supply system 45 at the time of maintenance of the system side power supply of the commercial system 44 will be supplied to the commercial system 44 side, and the worker will get an electric shock accident.

As a means for disconnecting the distributed power supply system 45 from the commercial system 44, there is a transfer cutoff for sending a signal for operating the breaker 46 from an electric power company 47 as shown in FIG. For this transfer cutoff, the command section of the electric power company 47 is connected to the control section of the circuit breaker 46 by the transfer cutoff signal line 48, and the operation signal issued by the command section is transferred to the transfer cutoff signal line 4.
It sends to the control part of the said circuit breaker 46 via 8 and operates this circuit breaker 46.

As a means for disconnecting the distributed power supply system 45 from the commercial power system 44, a circuit breaker (not shown) of the commercial power system 44 is provided to the inverter 41 as shown in FIG. 7 on the basis of frequency fluctuations and voltage fluctuations. The protection relay 42 having an islanding detection function for detecting the operation of the circuit breaker 46 and operating the circuit breaker 46 is built in, and the circuit breaker 46 is operated based on the frequency fluctuation and the voltage fluctuation.

[0007]

However, in the former means for disconnecting the distributed power supply system 45 from the commercial system 44, an operation signal issued by the command section of the electric power company 47 is sent to the control section of the circuit breaker 46. Therefore, there is a problem in that the transfer cutoff signal line 48, that is, a dedicated line is required. Further, in the latter means for disconnecting the distributed power supply system 45 from the commercial system 44, the protective relay 42 is a commercial one. Although it has an islanding operation detection function of detecting the operation of the circuit breaker of the power system 41 of the power supply and operating the circuit breaker 46, there is a problem that it is not perfect for operating the circuit breaker 46.

Further, since the solar power generation system is often used as an on-site type power source (meaning that it is in the immediate vicinity of something that is desired to be used) such as in a remote area or unmanned area, an abnormality or failure that has occurred in the solar power generation system It is impossible to know what it is. For this reason, it is often the case that a failure can be found only during regular inspection.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a first object thereof is to eliminate the need for a dedicated line and dedicated equipment from a power company to each distributed power supply system. Another object is to provide a solar power generation device.

A second object of the present invention is to provide appropriate contact information (electric power company, safety association, manufacturer, etc.) for maintenance of the failure of the photovoltaic power generation system.
It is to provide a photovoltaic power generation device that enables early contact to

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, a photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to the invention of claim 1 operates a distributed power supply system in a commercial power grid in a grid-connected manner, and the distributed power supply. In a solar power generation device having a disconnecting device for disconnecting a system from the commercial system, an opening / closing control unit that controls opening / closing of the disconnecting device, and a signal transmission unit that sends a control signal for operating the opening / closing control unit by communication. It is characterized by having.

Therefore, since the existing communication is used as the signal transmission means, a dedicated line and dedicated equipment from the electric power company to each distributed power supply system are unnecessary.

In order to achieve the first object, the solar power generation device according to the invention of claim 2 is the solar power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the signal transmission means uses wireless communication. I was there.

Therefore, since the existing wireless communication is used as the signal transmission means, a dedicated line and dedicated equipment from the electric power company to each distributed power supply system are unnecessary.

In order to achieve the first object, the solar power generation device according to the invention of claim 3 is the solar power generation device according to claim 1, wherein a telephone line is used as the signal transmission means. I was there.

Therefore, since the existing telephone line is used as the signal transmission means, a dedicated line and dedicated equipment from the electric power company to each distributed power supply system are unnecessary.

Further, in order to achieve the above first object, the solar power generation device according to the invention of claim 4 is the solar power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the signal transmission means uses satellite communication. I was there.

Therefore, since the existing satellite communication is used as the signal transmission means, a dedicated line and dedicated equipment from the electric power company to each distributed power supply system are unnecessary.

Further, in order to achieve the above-mentioned second object, in the solar power generation device according to the invention of claim 5, the solar cell array and the DC power output from this solar cell array are converted into AC power. A photovoltaic power generation device having an inverter device is characterized in that the inverter device is provided with an automatic reporting means for detecting an abnormality occurring in the photovoltaic power generation system and automatically reporting the abnormality.

Therefore, it becomes possible to notify the failure of the solar power generation system to the appropriate contact (electric power company, safety association, maker, etc.) for maintenance at an early stage by the automatic notification means.

In order to achieve the above second object, the solar power generation device according to the invention of claim 6 is the solar power generation device according to claim 5, wherein a telephone line is used as the automatic notification means. I was there.

Therefore, by using the existing telephone line as the automatic notification means, it is possible to notify the failure of the photovoltaic power generation system to an appropriate contact (electric power company, safety association, manufacturer, etc.) at an early stage. It will be possible.

In order to achieve the above second object, the solar power generation device according to the invention of claim 7 is the solar power generation device according to claim 5, wherein a fax line is used as the automatic notification means. I was there.

Therefore, by using the existing fax line as the automatic notification means, the contact point (power company,
Security Association, manufacturer, etc.) can be contacted early.

In order to achieve the above second object, the solar power generation device according to the invention of claim 8 is the solar power generation device according to claim 5, wherein a pager is used as the automatic notification means. I was there.

Therefore, by using the existing pager as the automatic notification means, the contact point (electric power company,
Security Association, manufacturer, etc.) can be contacted early.

In order to achieve the above second object, the solar power generation device according to the invention of claim 9 is the solar power generation device according to claim 5, wherein a voice is used for the automatic notification means. .

Therefore, it becomes possible to notify the failure of the photovoltaic power generation system to an appropriate contact (electric power company, safety association, maker, etc.) at an early stage by using the voice as the automatic notification means. .

In order to achieve the second object, the solar power generation device according to the invention of claim 10 is claim 5 or claim 6 or claim 7 or claim 8 or claim 9. In the solar power generation device of, a vibration sensor was used as a means for detecting an abnormality.

Therefore, at the time of occurrence of an earthquake, the vibration absorber detects this earthquake and informs the appropriate contacts (electric power companies, safety associations, manufacturers, etc.) of the fact that the solar power generation system was in a disaster. It will be possible to contact.

[0031]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a grid-connected system in which a distributed power supply system using photovoltaic power generation and a commercial power supply are grid-connected. In this drawing, 1 is a power system of a commercial power supply, that is, a commercial power system, and includes a main power supply 2 of a power plant, a substation 3 for stepping down and distributing power from this power plant, and a distribution line 4.
The circuit breaker 5 provided in the house and the pole transformer 6 that steps down the supplied power and supplies it to each home.

Distributed power supply system 7 installed in each home
Is provided with a solar cell array 8 and an inverter device 10 incorporating an inverter (inverter circuit) 9 for converting DC power output from the solar cell array 8 into AC power.

The inverter device 10 detects the operation of the circuit breaker 11 for disconnecting the distributed power supply system 7 from the commercial system 1 and the operation of the circuit breaker 5 for the commercial system 1 on the basis of frequency fluctuations and voltage fluctuations. The system interconnection protection device including the isolated operation detection means for operating the circuit breaker 11, that is, the protection relay 12 is built in.

In this system interconnection system, the calculating means 14 for calculating the generated power of the solar cell array 8 based on the measured output voltage and output current of the solar cell array 8 and the output voltage of the solar cell array 8. By varying the output voltage of the solar cell array 8 by controlling the output varying means 15 to change the output voltage of the solar cell array 8 to search for the output voltage value that maximizes the generated power calculated by the calculating means 14. A control means 16 for intermittently performing a search operation at regular time intervals and a display means 17 for displaying when the amount of power generation is abnormal are provided. Then, the arithmetic means 14, the output varying means 15 and the control means 16 are
It is composed of a microcomputer 20.

The control means 16 changes the output voltage of the solar cell array 8 by controlling the inverter circuit 9 via the output varying means 15 so that the electric power output from the arithmetic means 14 becomes the maximum voltage value. Is to search for.

In the system interconnection system described above, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the circuit breaker 11 that disconnects the distributed power system 7 from the commercial system 1 includes a circuit breaker control unit 21 that is an opening and closing control unit that controls opening and closing of the circuit breaker 11. Is operated by a command signal from the signal transmission means 22. As the signal transmission means 22,
The electric power company 25 transmits information with a transmitter (modem, radio, antenna), and the radio waves sent from the artificial satellite and the oscillated radio waves from the radio are receivers (modem, radio, antenna).
And a dedicated controller 23 for receiving a command signal to the circuit breaker control section 21 and a dedicated controller 23, and various telephone lines.

Next, in the commercial system 1, when the power supply on the system side is lost, the electric power company 25 issues a stop command as shown in FIG. 3 (step S1), and this stop command is transmitted by the transmitter. (Step S2). In the case of a telephone line, the call is made using the line (step S3).

On the side of the consumer, the receiver receives the radio wave transmitted through the artificial satellite, the oscillating radio wave from the radio device (step S4), or in the case of a telephone line, the signal from the line is received by the receiver. Upon receipt, the dedicated controller 23 is activated to send a command signal to the circuit breaker control unit 21 (step S5), and the circuit breaker control unit 21 disconnects and controls the circuit breaker 11 according to this command signal (step S6).

In this case, when the circuit breaker control section 21 receives an outgoing signal from the state of waiting for reception (step U1) as shown in FIG. 4 (step U2), whether or not there is a data error in the data of the received signal. Is judged (Step U
3) If it is determined that there is no error in the data, it is determined whether it is stopped or re-supplied (step U4), and if it is determined that it is stopped, the circuit breaker 11 is activated (cut off) (step U5).

In the commercial system 1, when the failure of the power supply on the system side is repaired, the electric power company issues a resupply command (step S1), and the resupply command is transmitted by the transmitter (step S2). . In the case of a telephone line, the call is made using the line (step S3).

On the consumer side, the receiver receives the radio wave transmitted through the artificial satellite, the oscillating radio wave from the radio device (step S4), or in the case of a telephone line, the signal from the line is received by the receiver. Upon reception, the dedicated controller 23 is activated to send a command signal to the circuit breaker control unit 21 (step S5), and the circuit breaker control unit 21 controls the connection of the circuit breaker 11 according to this command signal (step S6).

In this case, when the circuit breaker control section 21 receives an outgoing signal from the reception waiting state (step U1) as shown in FIG. 4 (step U2), whether or not there is an error in the data of the received signal. Is determined (step U3),
If it is determined that there is no error in the data, it is determined whether to stop or re-supply (step U4), and if it is determined to be re-supply, the circuit breaker 11 is activated (connected) (step U6).

According to the above-described embodiment, the existing communication means {the power company 25 sends information to the transmitter (modem, radio,
Radio waves transmitted by the antenna) and sent via artificial satellites,
A receiver using a receiver (modem, radio, antenna) that receives an oscillating radio wave from a radio to issue a command signal to the circuit breaker controller 21 and a dedicated controller 23, and various telephone lines are used. Signal transmission means 22 for transmitting a signal
Therefore, a dedicated line and dedicated equipment from the electric power company 25 to each distributed power supply system 7 are unnecessary.

Further, since the solar power generation system is often used as an on-site type power source in remote areas, unmanned land, etc., it is not possible to easily detect abnormality or failure that has occurred in the solar power generation system. . For this reason, it is often the case that a failure can be found only during regular inspection.

Therefore, in the solar power generation system, the above-mentioned inconvenience is solved by incorporating the function of automatically reporting the abnormality occurring in the solar power generation system using the telephone line in the inverter device 10. The inverter device 10 includes a main board 30 as shown in FIG. 5, and the main board 30 has an input circuit 33, a random access memory (RAM) 34, and a read only memory (ROM) 35. (CPU) 36
, Key input unit 37, line control circuit 38, power supply unit 3
9 and a programmable read only memory (EEPROM) 26 capable of erasing information by electrical means are mounted, and a display unit 27 is provided on the display substrate 31.
However, the voice synthesizer 28 is mounted on each voice board 32.

The input side of the input circuit 33 is provided with a plurality of contact input sections 33A to 33H, and these contact input sections 33A to 33H detect the breakage of the ground and the ground contact to detect grounding. The detection sensor 50, the output abnormality detection sensor 51 that detects that dust or the like has adhered to the solar cell array 8 or any one of the modules that are connected in series causes an output abnormality, and a ventilation port of the housing of the inverter 8 A temperature detection sensor 52 that detects this temperature change when the temperature is blocked and the temperature inside the housing becomes abnormally high, a vibration sensor 53 that detects the seismic intensity when an earthquake occurs, etc. are connected.
A telephone line 54 is provided on the output side of the line control circuit 38.
The telephone line 54 is connected to the central management system 55 of the central management room of the electric power company 25.

Therefore, for example, when the cable is broken and grounded, the landslide accident disconnection detection sensor 50 operates, and the output signal of the landslide accident disconnection detection sensor 50 is transmitted via the input circuit 33 to the central processing unit ( The central processing unit (CPU) 36 takes in the data, the arithmetic processing is performed, and then the command signal is sent to the line control circuit 38. Upon receiving the command signal, the line control circuit 38 sends the information that the cable has been disconnected and grounded to the telephone of the central management system 55 in the central management room of the power company 25 via the telephone line 54.

If dust or the like adheres to the solar cell array 8 or any of the modules connected in series is damaged, the output abnormality detection sensor 51 operates and the inverter 9
In the case where the temperature of the housing is abnormally high due to the blockage of the vent hole of the housing, the temperature detection sensor 52 works, and when the earthquake occurs, the vibration absorber 53 works. Information is sent to the telephone of the central management system 55 of the central management room of the electric power company (security association, manufacturer, etc.) 25 in the same manner as when the cable is disconnected and grounded.

As described above, the telephone line 54 is connected to the telephone of the central control system 55 in the central control room of the electric power company (security association, maker, etc.) 25. For example, when the cable is broken and grounded, The information may be sent to the administrator's pager, or a fax or the like may be connected to the terminal of the telephone line 54 so that this information is sent by fax when the cable is broken and grounded. You may

The display unit 27 and the voice synthesis unit 28 are also provided.
By incorporating this into the central management system 55 of the central management room, for example, when the cable is disconnected and grounded, this information is displayed on the display unit 27 or the voice synthesis unit 2
An alarm can be issued at 8.

Therefore, for the failure of the solar power generation system, the appropriate contact (power company,
Security Association, manufacturer, etc.) can be contacted early.

[0052]

As described above, according to the solar power generation device of the invention of claim 1, since the existing communication means is used as the signal transmission means, it is exclusively used from the electric power company to each distributed power supply system. Eliminates the need for lines and special equipment.

According to the solar power generation device of the second aspect of the present invention, since the existing wireless communication is used as the signal transmission means, a dedicated line and dedicated equipment from the electric power company to each distributed power supply system are unnecessary. become.

Further, according to the solar power generation device of the invention of claim 3, since the existing telephone line is used as the signal transmission means, a dedicated line and dedicated equipment from the power company to each distributed power supply system are unnecessary. become.

Further, according to the solar power generation device of the invention of claim 4, since the existing satellite communication is used as the signal transmission means, a dedicated line and dedicated equipment from the electric power company to each distributed power supply system are unnecessary. become.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar power generation device having a solar cell array and an inverter device for converting DC power output from the solar cell array into AC power. Since the inverter device is provided with an automatic reporting means for detecting an abnormality occurring in the photovoltaic power generation system and automatically reporting the abnormality, the contact point for performing maintenance of the failure of the photovoltaic power generation system by the automatic reporting means ( Power companies, security associations, manufacturers, etc.) can be contacted early.

According to the solar power generation device of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the existing telephone line is used as the automatic notification means, and the contact of the appropriate power source (power Companies, security associations, manufacturers, etc.) can be contacted early.

Further, according to the solar power generation device of the invention of claim 7, the existing fax line is used as the automatic notification means, and when the solar power generation system is broken down, the appropriate contact point (electric power) is maintained. Company, security association,
It becomes possible to contact the manufacturer etc. early.

Further, according to the solar power generator of the invention of claim 8, the existing pager is used as the automatic reporting means, and the contact of the appropriate power (electricity Companies, security associations, manufacturers, etc.) can be contacted early.

According to the solar power generator of the invention of claim 9, voice is used as the automatic notification means,
It is possible to promptly notify the appropriate contact (electric power company, safety association, manufacturer, etc.) of the failure of the solar power generation system for maintenance.

According to the solar power generation device of the tenth aspect of the invention, an abnormality is detected in the solar power generation device according to claim 5, claim 6, or claim 7, or claim 8 or claim 9. By using a vibration absorber as a means to
In the event of an earthquake, the shock absorber can detect this earthquake and notify the appropriate contact (electric power company, safety association, manufacturer, etc.) of the fact that the photovoltaic power generation system was in a disaster at an early stage. It will be possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration explanatory diagram of a grid interconnection system that grid-links a distributed power supply system by solar power generation and a commercial power supply.

FIG. 2 is a structural explanatory view of a solar power generation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an operation of a circuit breaker of the solar power generation device.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a circuit breaker control unit of the solar power generation device.

FIG. 5 is a structural explanatory view of an inverter device of a solar power generation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of a conventional solar power generation device.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of another conventional solar power generation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Commercial system 7 Distributed power supply system 11 Circuit breaker (disconnection device) 21 Circuit breaker control unit (opening / closing control unit) 22 Signal transmission means

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shogo Kawasaki 10 Ouron Co., Ltd., Hanazono Todocho, Ukyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. In a photovoltaic power generation device having a disconnecting device for operating a distributed power supply system in a commercial system in a grid interconnection and disconnecting the distributed power supply system from the commercial system, opening / closing control of the disconnecting device is performed. A solar power generation device comprising: an opening / closing control unit for performing the opening and closing; and a signal transmission unit for transmitting a control signal for operating the opening / closing control unit by communication. 2. The solar power generation device according to claim 1, wherein wireless communication is used for the signal transmission means. 3. The solar power generation device according to claim 1, wherein a telephone line is used as the signal transmission means. 4. The solar power generation device according to claim 1, wherein satellite communication is used for the signal transmission means. 5. A solar power generation device having a solar cell array and an inverter device for converting direct-current power output from this solar cell array into alternating-current power, wherein the inverter device detects an abnormality that has occurred in the solar power generation system. The solar power generation device is characterized by being provided with an automatic reporting means for automatically reporting. 6. The solar power generation device according to claim 5, wherein a telephone line is used as the automatic notification means. 7. The solar power generation device according to claim 5, wherein a fax line is used as the automatic notification means. 8. The solar power generation device according to claim 5, wherein a pager is used as the automatic notification means. 9. The solar power generation device according to claim 5, wherein a voice is used for the automatic notification means. 10. The solar power generation device according to claim 5, claim 6, claim 7, claim 8 or claim 9, wherein a vibration detector is used as means for detecting an abnormality.