JPH0985565A - Rotational cutting machining method and spindle device used for it - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for performing cutting machining for a work by rotating a rotational cutting tool and eccentrically oscillating it in the small radius, and a spindle device. SOLUTION: The axis of an input shaft 13 rotatably supported to a spindle holder 3 and the axis of an eccentric hole 23H of an eccentric coilar 23 rotatably supported to the spindle holder 3 are so provided as to be made eccentric by the small radius. A chuck device 37 capable of freely attaching and detaching a rotational cutting tool 39 to and from an output shaft 27 rotatably supported to the eccentric hole 23H is provided, and the output shaft 21 and the input shaft 13 are provided so as to be interlocked with and connected to each other through a universal joint 29, and an accelerating mechanism for accelerating and rotating the eccentric collar 23 is provided between the input shaft 13 and the eccentric collar 23.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machining method for rotationally cutting a work with a rotary cutting tool and a spindle device used in the method, and more particularly to rotating a rotary cutting tool and eccentricity of a small radius. The present invention relates to a machining method in which rocking is applied to perform a cutting process, and a spindle device used in the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, reamers, milling tools,
A rotary cutting tool such as a disk cutter is used by being attached to a spindle or the like in a machine tool, and its cutting action is that the cutting edge part provided in the rotary cutting tool always acts on the work to perform the cutting process. It is something to do.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION As mentioned above,
Since the cutting edge of the rotary cutting tool is always applied to the work to perform continuous cutting, the work and the rotary cutting tool are easily heated, and the work may be adversely affected by the cutting heat. At the same time, there is a problem in extending the life of the tool.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems as described above, and the invention according to claim 1 rotates a rotary cutting tool and is faster than the rotation. This is a rotary cutting method in which a minute eccentric oscillation is applied to the rotary cutting tool, and the cutting edge portion of the rotary cutting tool intermittently acts on the work to perform cutting.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the axis of the input shaft rotatably supported by the spindle holder and the axis of the eccentric hole of the eccentric collar rotatably supported by the spindle holder have only a small radius. Equipped eccentrically, the output shaft rotatably supported in the eccentric hole is provided with a chucking device to which a rotary cutting tool is attachable / detachable, and the output shaft and the input shaft are provided by interlocking connection through a universal joint, Further, the spindle device is provided with a speed increasing mechanism for speeding up the rotation of the eccentric collar between the input shaft and the eccentric collar.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring to FIG.
The spindle device 1 according to the embodiment includes a cylindrical spindle holder 3. This spindle holder 3
A nut 7 is tightened and fixed to a holder member 5 in a machine tool or the like. A flange portion 3F is provided at one end of the spindle holder 3, and a cylindrical housing 9 is integrally attached to the flange portion 3F with a plurality of bolts 11.

An input shaft 13 is rotatably supported on the spindle holder 3, and a pulley 15 is detachably attached to the outer end of the input shaft 13. This input shaft 13
An inner end portion of the above-mentioned protrudes into the housing 9, and a cup-shaped internal gear 19 is integrally attached to this inner end portion via a fixture 17.

An eccentric collar 23 integrally provided with a gear 21 having a small diameter is rotatably supported on the housing 9. Although the axis of the eccentric collar 23 and the axis of the input shaft 13 are provided so as to coincide with each other, the axis of the eccentric hole 23H of the eccentric collar 23 has a small radius (e) with respect to the axis of the input shaft 13. : The sign is omitted). In order to rotate the eccentric collar 23 and the input shaft 13 together, a plurality of intermediate gears 25 rotatably supported by the housing 9 are interposed between the internal gear 19 and the gear 21. is there.

An output shaft 27 is rotatably supported in the eccentric hole 23H of the eccentric collar 23 via a plurality of bearings. A universal joint 29 for transmitting the rotation of the input shaft 13 to the output shaft 27 is provided between the output shaft 27 and the internal gear 19 attached to the input shaft 13.

More specifically, a disk 31 having a plurality of radial grooves 31G at appropriate intervals, such as a Geneva gear, is integrally attached to the inner end of the output shaft 27,
As shown in detail in FIG. 2, a ring-shaped support plate 35 having rollers 33 rotatably supported on both side surfaces is interposed between the disc 31 and the internal gear 19.

One roller 33 supported by the support plate 35 has the radial groove 31G provided on the disc 31.
And the other roller 33 is engaged with the internal gear 1
9 are engaged with a plurality of radial elongated holes 19H formed in the body.

At the outer end of the output shaft 27, there is provided a chuck device 37 to which a rotary cutting tool 39 can be attached and detached.
In the illustrated example, the flange portion 2 of the output shaft 27
Although the disk-shaped rotary cutting tool 39 is clamped by the 7F and the pressing ring 41 and is tightened and fixed by the nut member 43, the chuck device 37 has a rotary cutting tool such as a reamer or a tap. In the case of a tool having a shank portion, a general collet chuck is used.

In the above structure, when the pulley 15 is driven to rotate, the input shaft 13 is rotated and the internal gear 19 is integrally rotated. When the internal gear 19 is rotated, the output shaft 27 is integrally rotated via the universal joint 29, and the eccentric collar 23 is rotated via the intermediate gear 25.

The input shaft 13 and the output shaft 27 are simply the universal joint 2
Since it rotates through 9, the output shaft 27 rotates (rotates) at the same speed as the input shaft 13. The eccentric collar 2
Since the gear 21 provided in 3 has a small diameter and the internal gear 19 has a large diameter, the rotation of the eccentric collar 23 is accelerated with respect to the rotation of the input shaft 13. That is, the internal gear 1
9, the intermediate gear 25, the gear 21, and the like constitute a kind of speed increasing mechanism.

When the eccentric collar 23 is rotated as described above, the output shaft 27 supported by the eccentric hole 23H of the eccentric collar 23 eccentrically swings (revolves) with a small radius e.
Will be done. Therefore, when the input shaft 13 is rotated, the rotary cutting tool 39 attached to the output shaft 27 rotates and revolves (slightly eccentrically swings) to cut a work (not shown).

At this time, looking at one point P of the cutting edge portion of the rotary cutting tool 39, as shown in FIG.
A small radius R in the direction of arrow B with respect to the rotation of arrow 9 in the direction of arrow A
Therefore, the eccentric rocking will be performed. Rotary cutting tool 39
When rotating the workpiece in the direction of arrow A to cut a workpiece, when one point P of the cutting edge moves from P1 → P2 → P3 due to eccentric oscillation, it separates from the workpiece and moves from P3 → P4 → P1 Will cut into the workpiece. Therefore, the cutting edge portion of the rotary cutting tool 39 intermittently acts on the work to perform cutting work.

Actually, since one point P moves in the circumferential direction by the rotation of the rotary cutting tool 39 in the direction of arrow A, the position P1 at the time of moving P3 → P4 → P1 is the first position. It is a position displaced from P1 in the direction of arrow A,
For the sake of convenience, the explanation has been given to return to the initial position.

That is, the rotary cutting tool 39 is eccentrically oscillated with a minute radius R to intermittently make a minute amount of cut into a work. Since the machining is stopped and the heat is radiated, the heating of the rotary cutting tool 39 and the work can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to easily extend the life of the rotary cutting tool 39, and it is possible to effectively prevent adverse effects such as burning of the work due to cutting heat.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment. In this embodiment, a gear 51 is provided on the inner end of the input shaft 13, and an intermediate gear 53 meshed with the gear 51.
An intermediate shaft 55 supporting the intermediate shaft 55 is rotatably provided.
5, an intermediate gear 57 meshed with the gear 21 provided on the eccentric collar 23 is provided. Since the other configurations are the same as those of the above-described first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the components having the same functions, and the duplicate description will be omitted.

In the above structure, when the input shaft 13 is driven to rotate, the output shaft 27 is rotated (rotated) via the universal joint 29, and the eccentric collar is rotated via the gear 51, the intermediate gears 53, 57 and the gear 21. 23 is rotated. Therefore, the rotary cutting tool 39 attached to the output shaft 27 is rotated and revolved (slightly eccentrically oscillated), and the same effect as that of the above-described embodiment is obtained.

FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a friction rotary plate 61 is provided at the inner end of the input shaft 13 and a friction rotary plate 63 is provided at the inner end of the eccentric collar 23.
A friction roller 65 rotatably supported by the housing 9 is interposed between 63. Since the other configurations are almost the same as those of the first embodiment described above, the same reference numerals are given to the components having the same functions, and the duplicate description will be omitted.

In the above structure, when the input shaft 13 is rotationally driven, the output shaft 27 is rotated via the universal joint 29, and the eccentric collar 23 is moved via the friction rotary plate 61, the friction roller 65 and the friction rotary plate 63. Is rotated. Therefore, the rotary cutting tool 39 rotates and eccentrically swings (revolves) with a small radius, and has the same effect as the above-described first embodiment.

[0023]

As can be understood from the above description, the invention described in claim 1 rotates the rotary cutting tool and imparts a minute eccentric oscillation faster than the rotation to the rotary cutting tool. However, since it is a rotary cutting method in which the cutting edge portion of the rotary cutting tool is intermittently applied to the workpiece to perform cutting, heat radiation of the cutting portion of the workpiece and the cutting blade portion of the rotary cutting tool is sufficient. Will be done,
It is possible to effectively suppress the adverse effect of the cutting heat on the work, and to suppress the heating of the rotary cutting tool to prolong the service life.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the axis of the input shaft rotatably supported by the spindle holder and the axis of the eccentric hole of the eccentric collar rotatably supported by the spindle holder have only a small radius. Equipped eccentrically, the output shaft rotatably supported in the eccentric hole is provided with a chucking device to which a rotary cutting tool is attachable / detachable, and the output shaft and the input shaft are provided by interlocking connection through a universal joint, Further, since the speed increasing mechanism for speeding up the rotation of the eccentric collar is provided between the input shaft and the eccentric collar, when the input shaft is rotationally driven, the output shaft rotates synchronously via the universal joint. At the same time, the eccentric collar is rotated via the speed increasing mechanism.

Therefore, the output shaft rotates and eccentrically swings (orbits) with a small radius, and the rotary cutting tool provided on the output shaft intermittently acts on the work due to the eccentric swing. Will be cut.

Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the adverse effect of the cutting heat on the work, and to effectively suppress the heating of the rotary cutting tool due to the cutting work, thereby extending the life of the rotary cutting tool. Is something that can be done.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a spindle device according to a first embodiment example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a support plate in the universal joint.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an intermittent cutting action in a rotary cutting tool.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a main part of a second embodiment example of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a main part of a third embodiment example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 spindle device 3 spindle holder 9 housing 13 input shaft 19 internal gear 21 gear 23 eccentric collar 25 intermediate gear 27 output shaft 29 universal joint 31 disc 33 roller 35 support plate 37 chuck device 39 rotary cutting tool

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A rotary cutting tool is rotated, and a minute eccentric oscillation faster than the rotation is applied to the rotary cutting tool so that a cutting edge portion of the rotary cutting tool acts intermittently on a workpiece. A rotary cutting method characterized by performing cutting by cutting. 2. The eccentric hole is provided such that the shaft center of an input shaft rotatably supported by a spindle holder and the shaft center of an eccentric hole of an eccentric collar rotatably supported by the spindle holder are eccentric by a small radius. The output shaft rotatably supported by the rotary shaft is provided with a chuck device to which a rotary cutting tool is detachably attached, and the output shaft and the input shaft are interlockingly connected via a universal joint, and the input shaft and the eccentricity are provided. A spindle device characterized in that a speed increasing mechanism for speeding up rotation of the eccentric collar is provided between the collar device and the collar.