JPH0985161A - Coating method of material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coating method of a material by which lots of core material can be covered while the amt. of a coating material is decreased as much as possible and heat resistance can be given to the core material to be coated. SOLUTION: This coating method of a material includes a process for dissolving or dispersing various kinds of material as the core material in an acid chitosan soln. and a process for adding alkali to the obtd. soln. so as to control pH to 7 to 8.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for coating water-soluble substances such as foods, pharmaceuticals, chemicals and feeds, and particularly to a substance having a bitter taste or an offensive odor or reacting with other substances. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a technique of coating a material that is easy to do, and converting it into a gel or powder.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a coating method using a food material or the like as a core substance has been studied. Particularly, coating of a water-soluble substance for food is extremely difficult because the coating material is limited to an edible material. It was difficult. As the conventional methods, the main techniques are a method of adsorbing to a porous material and a method of coating with a water-soluble polymer, a wax-like substance, fats and oils.

[0003]

In the coating method using fats and oils, it is difficult for the coating material to adhere to the surface of the water-soluble substance, and the film may be easily peeled off, cracked, melted due to a slight temperature rise, or oily. Its scope of application was very limited. Multi-layer coating is widely used in conventional coating methods, but this method requires multiple layers of coating, so the coating process takes time and the ratio of core material to coating material is reversed. Various issues remain in terms of aspects and utilization. Even in the case of the adsorption method, the ratio of the film material to be adsorbed or coated is high, and 60% as the core substance.
The degree was the limit. Moreover, it lacks heat resistance and is not a suitable method for protecting the core material against heat.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems relating to a method for coating a water-soluble substance for foods, and it is possible to coat a large amount of the core substance while using the coating material in a minimum amount. It is intended to provide a coating method which is also a method and is capable of imparting heat resistance to the core substance to be coated.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have earnestly studied for solving the above-mentioned problems. As a result, various substances to be a core substance are dissolved or dispersed in an aqueous solution of acidic chitosan and neutralized by dissolving or dispersing them. It was found that by gelling, a large amount of core material can be coated with a small amount of coating material, and by adding a calcium material to the gelling material, the heat resistance of the coated core material can be increased. .

The present invention is based on the above findings,
As means for solving the problem, (1) various substances as a core substance are dissolved or dispersed in an acidic chitosan aqueous solution, and an alkali is added to the aqueous solution to adjust the pH to 7-8. The method of coating the substance. (2) Edible chitosan is dispersed in water at a ratio of 1 to 10% by weight, an edible organic acid is added to the dispersion system to dissolve chitosan in water, and the edible core substance is further added to the aqueous solution. And then neutralizing this aqueous solution. (3) Various substances to be the core substance are dissolved or dispersed in an acidic chitosan aqueous solution, the aqueous solution is neutralized and gelled, and then a calcium material is added to the gelled substance and then dried. This is a method for coating a characteristic substance.

The chitosan used in the present invention is obtained by acid-decomposing chitin, which is often contained in the shells of crustaceans such as crabs, and is a white amorphous powder. And, a basic polysaccharide composed of glucosamine, which is free, is insoluble in water, but it dissolves by forming a salt in the presence of hydrochloric acid and other inorganic acids and organic acids.

In the present invention, chitosan is dissolved in an acid and used as a coating material. The acid used at this time is mainly an organic acid, but when a drug is coated as a core substance, an acid specified by the Japanese Pharmacopoeia is used. When coating foods, those designated as food additives should be used, and inorganic acids may be used for chemicals and other products.

To dissolve chitosan, a predetermined amount of chitosan is put into a certain amount of purified water and dispersed. Next, an acid is added and stirred to gradually dissolve or semi-dissolve, and the solution becomes transparent. Finally, it is preferable to adjust the pH to about 3, but it is desirable that the amount of acid used at this time be the minimum amount. Further, the type and amount of the acid used differ depending on the substance to be coated and the like, and are therefore illustrated in the examples.

The higher the concentration of chitosan dissolved as described above, the higher the coating ability, so that a large amount of core material can be coated with a small amount of coating material, and a product coated with a high concentration of core material can be obtained. Obtainable. The concentration of the chitosan aqueous solution may be 1 to 10% by weight. However, if the concentration is increased, the viscosity of the chitosan aqueous solution increases rapidly, which becomes an obstacle to the treatment process. It is preferable to use a moderate aqueous solution.

The core substances to be coated according to the present invention include, first of all, many drugs having an intense bitterness such as water-soluble antibiotics and crude drug extracts. It is preferable to apply the present invention to the coating. Next, health foods are the main foods, but in order to suppress bitterness of vitamins and bitterness or offensive odor of plant extracts, it is desirable to use these as core substances to be coated. . Furthermore, those which require heat resistance, such as vitamin C added to feed, can be coated by the present invention.

In the coating method of the present invention, the core substance is mixed with the chitosan aqueous solution in which the acid is dissolved as described above, and sufficiently stirred to dissolve or disperse it.
Neutralize H to 7-8. As a result, the chitosan molecules are aggregated in a gel state, at which time water and admixed substances in the vicinity are taken in, entangled with each other, and a state in which the movement of molecules is suppressed is formed. In other words, the core material is wrapped.
Then, according to the present invention, the concentration of the core substance in the coating is set to 7
It can be increased to 0 to 95%.

Next, the gel-like coated body coated with the above core substance may be used as it is. For example, as in Example 1 described later, after covering heme iron with chitosan to conceal the fishy taste, it is mixed in a jelly-like food as it is, or crosslinked with alginic acid to form a microcapsule, and then in a drink. It is the usage such as floating in. However, for many substances, it is convenient to pulverize a gel-like substance in terms of storability and mixability. Therefore, the gel-like substance coated with the core substance is dried and powdered in the next step. It is desirable to do. The drying method is not particularly limited, and a commonly used drying method such as ventilation, vacuum, spraying or freezing is applied.

Further, according to the present invention, heat resistant materials such as vitamin C added to feed can be coated. That is, as in the vitamin C preparations described in the examples below, a gel-like coated body coated with a core substance is provided with natural calcium powder such as milk calcium and shell powder, and calcium material such as calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide. After the addition, this is dried and the periphery of the core substance is wrapped with calcium to impart the property of blocking heat, thereby increasing the heat resistance of the core substance.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a method for coating a substance according to the present invention will be described with reference to the following examples and the like. Embodiment 1 FIG. 1.2 kg of heme iron powder is added to 10 liters of a 4% acidic aqueous solution of chitosan, and the mixture is stirred and mixed. About 2 liters of 10% NaOH aqueous solution is added to this mixed solution, and the pH is adjusted to 7.8 by further stirring. Then, the process ends when the whole becomes a uniform black viscous liquid. As a result, the fishy taste of heme iron is masked, and 100 mg of heme iron /
The gel-like coating containing 13 ml is 13k.
g was obtained. This gel-like coating can be used as it is in addition to jelly, candy and the like.

Embodiment 2 FIG. Magnesium chloride has been used as a laxative as a drug and as a tofu coagulant for foods. However, in all cases, magnesium chloride had hygroscopicity, deliquescent property, and quick water-solubility, so that there was a problem in storability and moldability, and a gradual protein coagulation action was insufficient. However, the coating according to the invention solves that problem.

Chitosan LL standard (made by Yaizu Suisan) is used for pharmaceuticals, and PSH standard is used for foods. 40 g of LL standard chitosan is dispersed in 1 liter of purified water, and 35 ml of lactic acid in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia is added to and dissolved therein to adjust the pH to 3. For food, 40 g of PSH-standard chitosan is dispersed in 1 liter of tap water, and about 40 g of citric acid is added to this to adjust the pH to 3.

The amount of magnesium chloride to be added to the above chitosan preparation liquid is added to 1 liter of the chitosan preparation liquid cooled to 0 to 5 ° C., and the mixture is stirred at high speed for about 3 minutes while cooling, Also 0
A pH of 7.
Adjust to 5. This gives a viscous gel, which is placed in a vacuum dryer and dried at 60 ° C to give about 100g.
A coated magnesium chloride solid was obtained. This product was crushed and used for each purpose, but this product had almost no bitterness and its hygroscopic property was remarkably lowered.

[0019] A pulverized product of the above-mentioned coated magnesium solid chloride and a mixture of 50% of lactose,
As a target product, powders of magnesium chloride itself were compressed into tablets each having a diameter of 5 mm and allowed to stand under the conditions of 25 ° C. and 80% relative humidity, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained. The coated magnesium chloride according to the invention is
Even after being left for 15 days, it did not absorb moisture and maintained its original shape and hardness.

[0020]

[Table 1]

Next, the powder coated with the present invention containing 70% of magnesium chloride and the powder of magnesium chloride itself were allowed to stand under the conditions of 25 ° C. and 80% relative humidity, respectively, and the relationship between the moisture absorption increase and time. Was measured,
The results shown in the diagram of FIG. 1 were obtained. As is clear from FIG. 1, the product according to the present invention (line A) has an extremely small amount of moisture absorption, whereas the powder of magnesium chloride itself (line B) shows an increase value of 100% or more. There is.

Example 3. Commercially available vitamin B1 is thiamine hydrochloride or nitrate, both of which have extremely strong bitterness and high water solubility, and therefore are not suitable for addition to drinks. 4% acidic aqueous solution of chitosan 1
00 ml is cooled to 5 to 10 ° C., 20 g of thiamine is added to this solution, and the mixture is vigorously stirred. Add 1 to 5 ℃
4 ml of 0% NaOH aqueous solution was added for neutralization, and the obtained slurry was dried by ventilation at 80 ° C. This resulted in 21 g of a solid containing about 80% thiamine.
And what crushed this can be used for many uses, such as a drink, as thiamine with very little bitterness.

Embodiment 4 FIG. Vitamin C is decomposed by applying pressure and heating under conditions containing water. When producing a feed for fish and crustaceans, fish meal and minced raw sardines are placed in an extruder under high-moisture conditions, and molded and dried while being pressurized and heated. At this time, it is the current situation that vitamin C is added excessively or expensive phosphate ester is used.

In view of the above, an example of the coating method according to the present invention will be described. First, 100 liters of a 1% aqueous solution of acidic chitosan was prepared, and 10 kg of vitamin C calcium salt was added to the solution to sufficiently dissolve it. To adjust the pH to 7.0. Next, 10 kg of porous calcium carbonate (Poacar, manufactured by Tateishi Calcium Co., Ltd.) was added,
The mixture was stirred for about 10 minutes with a stirrer at a rotation speed of 300 rpm, and then spray-dried to obtain about 17 kg of powder.

The above powder has a vitamin C content of about 41%.
However, 10 g of this powder, 40 g of fish meal, 5 minced raw sardines
0 g was kneaded, put into an extruder to apply pressure and heat, and molded into a rod shape. Vitamin C after this treatment
And the residual rate of vitamin C after the same treatment of vitamin C calcium salt itself, Table 2
Shown in

[0026]

[Table 2]

Example 5. To 1 liter of a 4% aqueous chitosan solution, add 190 g of Gymnema powder (manufactured by Meiji Seikato Co., Ltd.) and stir vigorously at 0-10 ° C. About 640 ml of cooled 2% NaOH aqueous solution was added to this, and p
Adjust to H8.0. After that, milk calcium 60g
Was added and the slurry was vacuum dried to obtain 240 g of a powder containing 80% Gymnema. The powder had little bitter taste and gradually dissolved in gastric or intestinal fluids, releasing the contents.

[0028]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention uses various substances as core substances,
A method of coating a substance, which comprises dissolving or dispersing in an acidic chitosan aqueous solution and adding an alkali to the aqueous solution to adjust the pH to 7 to 8, and a calcium material in a gelled substance by neutralizing the aqueous solution. According to the present invention, it is possible to easily coat water-soluble substances such as foods, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and feeds, in particular, bitterness and offensive odors. It is possible to coat a substance having the above or a substance that easily reacts with other substances, and to make it into a gel or powder.

According to the present invention, the amount of the coating material used is small and a large amount of the core material is used. The substance can be coated. That is, the concentration of the core substance in the coated body can be increased to 70 to 95%. Furthermore, heat resistance can be imparted to the coated core substance. For example, vitamin C preparations that have the property of being decomposed by pressurizing and heating under conditions containing water A product with a high residual rate can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relationship between moisture absorption increase amount of magnesium chloride powder and time.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Magnesium chloride powder coated according to the present invention B Powder of magnesium chloride itself

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for coating a substance, which comprises dissolving or dispersing various substances as a core substance in an aqueous solution of acidic chitosan, and adding an alkali to the aqueous solution to adjust the pH to 7 to 8. . 2. An edible chitosan is dispersed in water at a ratio of 1 to 10% by weight, an edible organic acid is added to the dispersion system to dissolve chitosan in water, and the edible chitosan is added to this aqueous solution. A method for coating a substance, which comprises mixing the core substance and then neutralizing the aqueous solution. 3. Various substances as a core substance are dissolved or dispersed in an acidic chitosan aqueous solution, the aqueous solution is neutralized to form a gel, and a calcium material is added to the gelled material, followed by drying. A method of coating a substance characterized by the above.