JPH0984892A - Counter-flow preventing damper for preventing smoke - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a counter-flow preventing damper for preventing smoke capable of easily opening even with a slight pressure and surely exhausting air present in a path. SOLUTION: A counter-flow preventing damper for preventing smoke is composed of an exhaust port 15 provided on the wall surface of a path maintained under the positive pressure condition to form a flow path to eject air in the path and a vent adjusting valve connectively overlapping above and below the exhaust port 15 to hold the exhaust port 15 by its own weight under the closed condition and pivot along with the rise of the positive pressure in the path to open the exhaust port 15 and open a flow path only in a fixed flow direction of air while closing the flow path in the counter-flow direction of the air flow. Then, a balance between upper and lower weights about the pivoting shaft 13 of the vent adjusting valve is achieved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a smoke backflow prevention damper. More specifically, the passage is provided so that the ventilation control valve inside the ventilation port opens the flow passage only in the constant flow direction of the air and automatically closes the flow passage in the reverse flow direction to establish a positive pressure state. The present invention relates to a smoke-proof backflow prevention damper capable of properly securing the positive pressure of and ensuring smooth door opening.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, large-scale or high-rise buildings,
In the case of a building where evacuation is expected to take a long time, an evacuation passage is provided as a safe area protected from fire hazard on the evacuation route from the living room to the evacuation stairs.
Evacuation safety is being improved.

However, when safety is ensured by exhausting the smoke in the passage, the pressure in the evacuation passage becomes a negative pressure state. Therefore, when the door to the evacuation passage is opened, the fire room enters the passage. There was a possibility that smoke could leak and a safe space could not be secured.

On the other hand, when smoke is prevented from entering by increasing the pressure in the passage, when the door of the evacuation passage opens to the positive pressure side, when the positive pressure in the passage becomes excessively high, the door is opened by the pressure. There was a problem that it could not be done.

In order to solve such a technical problem, the applicant of the present invention has disclosed a passage S maintained in a positive pressure state as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-269218. Is installed on the wall surface of the exhaust passage 5 and serves as a flow path through which the air in the passage S is discharged. The opening 5 is kept closed, and the exhaust port 5 is opened by rotating in response to a rise in the positive pressure in the passage S to open the flow path only in a constant flow direction of air and in the reverse flow direction of the air flow. On the other hand, a smoke-proof backflow prevention damper 1 having a ventilation control valve 2 for closing the flow path is proposed.

[0006]

However, in this smoke-proof backflow prevention damper 1, the ventilation control valves 2 which are vertically stacked on the frame body 4 which constitutes the exhaust port 5 and are connected in series. Since the moving shaft 3 is located at the upper portion of the ventilation control valve 2, the weight balance above and below the rotating shaft 3 is overwhelmingly large because the weight below the rotating shaft 3 is overwhelmingly large. The ventilation control valve 2 was configured to smoothly rotate and not open unless a high pressure is applied.

Therefore, when the pressure applied to each control valve 2 of the damper 1 in the passage S is not constant and varies depending on the place (in many cases, the pressure applied to each control valve 2 is not constant. In (), only the ventilation control valve 2 to which a high pressure is applied was opened, the air in the passage S concentratedly flowed into the ventilation control valve 2, and the other ventilation control valves 2 remained closed.

[0008] Among the ventilation control valves 2 which are vertically overlapped and continuously arranged on the frame body 4 constituting the exhaust port 5, the moments acting on the respective shafts are different, and some are easy to open and others are difficult to open. . As the positive pressure in the passage S increases, the ventilation control valve 2 that is easy to open first rotates and opens. In this case as well, the air in the passage S may concentrate and flow into the air passage S, and the other ventilation control valve 2 may remain closed due to its own weight.

Further, since the ventilation control valve 2 does not rotate to open unless a high pressure acts, even if the ventilation control valve 2 is once opened, a high pressure must continue to act. It will not be placed in the open state and will be closed immediately. Therefore, if the operation of the ventilation control valve 2 varies, the air in the passage S cannot be sufficiently exhausted as a whole, and the air in the passage S is difficult to be smoothly exhausted. As a result, the door may not open due to the positive pressure in the passage S as described above.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a backflow prevention damper for smoke prevention which can be easily opened even with a slight pressure to reliably exhaust the air in the passage. The purpose is.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is installed in a wall surface of a passage kept in a positive pressure state, and a passage for discharging air in the passage. And an exhaust port that overlaps with the exhaust port in the vertical direction and holds the exhaust port in a closed state by its own weight and also rotates with the positive pressure in the passage to open the exhaust port. ,
In a smoke-proof backflow prevention damper comprising a ventilation control valve that opens the flow channel only in a constant flow direction of air and closes the flow channel in the reverse flow direction of the air flow, a rotary shaft of the ventilation control valve is provided. The main feature is a smoke backflow prevention damper, which is characterized by a well-balanced upper and lower weight.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the weight balance between the upper and lower sides of the rotation axis of the ventilation control valve is 3: 7 to 5: 5.
(However, 5: 5 is not included) The backflow prevention damper for smoke prevention is characterized in that it is provided in the ratio.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the ventilation control valve has an upper piece portion having a ventilation window around the rotation axis, and another ventilation control valve that overlaps downward with the ventilation window of the upper piece portion. The summary is a smoke backflow prevention damper characterized in that it has a lower piece part against which the flow hits.

A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a smoke-proof backflow prevention damper, characterized in that the lower piece is a blade having a rounded cross section.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(Operation) In the smoke-proof backflow prevention damper according to claim 1, a vertical weight balance is provided around the rotation axis of the ventilation control valve, and ventilation is performed as the positive pressure in the passage increases. The control valve is designed to easily rotate about the rotation axis and open. Also, once the ventilation control valve is opened, it will not close easily because the weight balance of the valve is balanced and the air flow generated by the opening of the valve causes the valve to generate lift. .

In the smoke-proof backflow prevention damper according to the second aspect of the invention, the upper and lower weight balance centering around the rotation axis of the ventilation control valve is 3: 7 to 5: 5 (however, 5: 5 is included. It is provided in the ratio of (No), and due to this slight difference in weight, the lower piece comes into contact with the upper piece of another ventilation control valve that overlaps downward,
It remains closed. Then, when the positive pressure in the passage increases and the moment due to the positive pressure acting on the ventilation control valve exceeds the moment due to the weight of the ventilation control valve, the ventilation control valve rotates and opens, The air inside is exhausted. Further, the ventilation control valve can be left open unless the moment due to the positive pressure in the passage is lower than the moment due to the own weight of the ventilation control valve.

In the smoke-proof backflow prevention damper according to the third aspect of the present invention, the exhaust port is normally kept closed by the own weight of the ventilation control valve which is vertically overlapped with the exhaust port. There is. When the positive pressure in the passage rises, the pressure causes the air flow to pass through another ventilation control valve, which overlaps downwards, through the ventilation window of the upper piece, and hits the lower piece provided below the rotary shaft to vent the air. The control valve is rotated about a rotation shaft to open, and a gap is formed between the ventilation control valves, and the air in the passage is discharged through the gap.

In the smoke-proof backflow prevention damper according to claim 4, an air flow in which the lower piece part which is a round-shaped vane crosses through the ventilation window of another upper part of the ventilation control valve which is superposed downward. It is designed to capture lift.

The smoke backflow prevention damper of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 shows an example of an evacuation route from the room R to the evacuation stairs U. On the evacuation route, a special evacuation passage S is provided as a safety area protected from fire hazard. The evacuation passage S is kept in a positive pressure state of 0.5 to 10.0 mmAq during a fire, and this pressure prevents smoke generated during a fire from easily entering the passage. This evacuation passage S
The backflow prevention damper 11 for smoke prevention of the present invention is installed on the wall constituting the.

As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the smoke backflow prevention damper 11 of the present invention has an exhaust port 15 which serves as a flow path for discharging the air in the evacuation passage S. And the ventilation control valve 12 mounted in the frame body 14 that constitutes the exhaust port 15. The frame body 14 is embedded in the wall surface W of the evacuation passage S, and the frame body 14 has substantially the same thickness as the wall surface W. The frame body 14 constitutes an exhaust port 15 that allows the evacuation passage S and the external passage 16 to communicate with each other. In addition, a plurality of rotating shafts 1 are provided inside the frame body 14.
3 are laterally provided at a predetermined interval in the height direction, and ventilation control valves 12 are rotatably attached to the respective rotary shafts 13. In this embodiment, a stainless steel rod having a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 490 mm is used as the rotating shaft 13, and this rod is provided in the exhaust port 15 having a size of 470 mm × 1064 mm with 28 rows and 38 mm in the height direction. It is installed horizontally at intervals.

As shown in the drawings, the ventilation control valve 12 is a square-shaped metal plate, and in this embodiment,
SECC (electrogalvanized steel plate,
Made of JIS G3313), approx. 466mm x approx. 68mm x
The one having a size of 0.6 mm was used. This ventilation control valve 1
Centering on the rotating shaft 13 located at the center of 2, the upper piece portion 17 having the ventilation window 19 is provided above the rotating shaft 13 and the lower piece portion 18 is provided below the rotating shaft 13. The upper and lower weight is centered and balanced.

In the ventilation control valve 12 shown in this embodiment, a rectangular upper window 17 is provided with a rectangular ventilation window 19 having a size of 455 mm × 20 mm, and a lower window 18 is 466 mm × about 4 mm.
A blade having a radius of 0 mm and a rounded cross section was used, and the upper and lower weight balance was set to a ratio of 3: 7 to 5: 5 (excluding 5: 5). In addition, the lower piece portion 18 is a blade having a rounded cross section in order to catch the air flow without escape, but it may be a simple plate shape.

The ventilation control valve 12 thus constructed is
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lower piece portion 18 of the ventilation control valve 12 on the upper side of the frame body 14 has the upper piece portion 1 of the ventilation control valve 12 on the lower side thereof.
7 so as to overlap with each other, and the exhaust port 1 by its own weight
5 is kept closed. Then, when the positive pressure in the passage S rises, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 3, through the ventilation window 19 of the upper piece portion 17 of another ventilation control valve 12 that overlaps downward,
Pressure is applied to the lower piece portion 18 of the upper ventilation control valve 12, each ventilation control valve 12 is rotated about the rotation shaft 13 to open, and a gap is formed between each ventilation control valve 12, and this gap is formed. The air in the passage S is exhausted therethrough. Further, the moment acting on the ventilation control valve due to the positive pressure in the passage S is
By lowering the moment due to the weight of the ventilation control valve (returning to the pressure before rising), each ventilation control valve 12 is closed.

As shown by the dotted line in FIG. 3, once the ventilation control valve 12 has been pivoted and opened, the weight of the ventilation control valve 12 is balanced and the ventilation control valve 12 is opened. The air flow generated thereby is received by the blade having the R-shaped cross section of the lower piece and lift is generated, so that the ventilation control valve 12 is not easily closed.

The size and shape of the ventilation window of the ventilation control valve 12, the size and shape of the lower piece, and the ratio of the upper and lower weight balances are arbitrary, and are appropriately changed according to the positive pressure in the evacuation passage S. can do. Preferably, the positive pressure in the evacuation passage S is 2 to
The ventilation control valve 12 starts to open when the pressure is 4 mmAq, and is 4 to 7.
It is advisable to determine the size of the exhaust port 15, the size of the ventilation control valve 12, and the weight balance ratio so that the valve is fully opened at mmAq.

[0026]

In the smoke-proof backflow prevention damper according to the first aspect of the present invention, the upper and lower weights are balanced about the rotation axis of the ventilation control valve, and the positive pressure in the passage increases. It can be easily rotated and opened. Also, once the ventilation control valve rotates and opens, the weight of the ventilation control valve is balanced, and because the valve receives the air flow generated by the opening of the ventilation control valve, lift is generated. ,
It does not close easily.

Therefore, in this damper, there is no variation in the operation of the ventilation control valves that are vertically overlapped with each other in the exhaust port, and the air in the passage is exhausted smoothly and reliably. Therefore, there is no fear that the door will not open due to the positive pressure in the passage.

In the smoke-proof backflow prevention damper according to the second aspect of the present invention, the weight balance between the upper and lower sides of the rotation axis of the ventilation control valve is 3: 7 to 5: 5 (however, 5: 5 is included. It is provided in the ratio of (No), and due to this slight difference in weight, the lower piece comes into contact with the upper piece of another ventilation control valve that overlaps downward,
It remains closed. Then, when the positive pressure in the passage increases and the moment due to the positive pressure acting on the ventilation control valve exceeds the moment due to the weight of the ventilation control valve, the ventilation control valve rotates and opens, The air inside is exhausted. Further, the ventilation control valve can be left open unless the moment due to the positive pressure in the passage is lower than the moment due to the own weight of the ventilation control valve.

Therefore, in this damper, each ventilation control valve opens and closes smoothly and surely in response to a rise in positive pressure in the passage, so that smoke can enter the passage and the door can be opened by positive pressure. It is possible to more reliably prevent problems such as not opening.

In the smoke-proof backflow prevention damper according to the third aspect, the lower piece portion provided below the rotation axis of the ventilation control valve is superposed with the upper piece portion of another ventilation control valve located below. However, the air in the passage passes through the ventilation window and hits the lower piece of the upper ventilation control valve. In other words, as the positive pressure in the passage increases, most of the pressure (air flow) that acts on the damper acts (impacts) the lower piece of each ventilation control valve, so The rotation of each ventilation control valve due to the increase in positive pressure is smooth, and reliable air discharge is possible.

In the smoke-proof backflow prevention damper according to the fourth aspect, an air flow in which the lower piece which is a blade having a rounded cross section hits through the ventilation window of another upper part of the ventilation control valve which overlaps downward Therefore, the ventilation control valves are more smoothly rotated when the positive pressure in the passage increases, and the air can be discharged more reliably.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a backflow prevention damper for smoke prevention according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of the same main part.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view of the same main part.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an installation position of a backflow prevention damper for smoke prevention.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view of an essential part showing a conventional backflow prevention damper for smoke prevention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12 Ventilation control valve 13 Rotating shaft 14 Frame 15 Exhaust port 17 Ventilation control valve upper piece 18 Ventilation control valve lower piece 19 Ventilation window S Evacuation passage

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Ichiro Takahashi 1-25-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Within Taisei Corporation (72) Inventor Shigemi Inada 2-14-5 Sotokanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Nihon Bileen Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tomochi Tanigame 2-14-5 Sotokanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Nihon Bileen Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masayuki Sasahara 8-6 Honmachi, Hanno City, Saitama Prefecture

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An exhaust port, which is installed on the wall surface of a passage kept in a positive pressure state and serves as a flow path for discharging air in the passage, and is connected continuously to the exhaust port by being vertically stacked. The exhaust port is kept closed by its own weight, and the exhaust port is opened by rotating in response to a rise in positive pressure in the passage to open the flow path only in a constant flow direction of air and the reverse flow direction of the air flow. In the smoke-proof backflow prevention damper having a ventilation control valve for closing the flow path, a vertical weight balance centering around a rotation axis of the ventilation control valve is provided. Backflow prevention damper for smoke. 2. The ventilation control valve is provided with a weight balance up and down about a rotation axis at a ratio of 3: 7 to 5: 5 (excluding 5: 5). The smoke backflow prevention damper according to claim 1. 3. A ventilation control valve, a lower piece portion having an upper window portion having a ventilation window about a rotation axis and another ventilation control valve overlapping downward, and an air flow hits through the ventilation window of the upper piece portion. The smoke backflow prevention damper according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: 4. The backflow prevention damper for smoke prevention according to claim 3, wherein the lower piece is a blade having a rounded cross section.