JPH0973975A - Surface heater and heater device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a surface heater device in which fitting work to an object to be heated is facilitated, and heating efficiency is high by providing a resistance body functioning as a heater and one pair of electrodes and connection terminals connected to both ends of the resistance body on a base film. SOLUTION: A base film 1 comprises a PET film and the like, and can be bonded to the outer surface of an object to be heated via the adhesion face of the bottom face thereof. On the film 1 one pair of electrodes (buses) 3, 5 and a resistance body 7 functioning as a heating portion are formed as a pattern by etching processing. The pattern is formed foil-like by etching Al, Ni, Cr, and the like. Connection terminals 11, 13 are respectively connected to both ends of one pair of electrodes 3, 5. When a surface heater 2 is connected so as to match with the length of the object, or the like, in the adjoining heaters 2, 2, the connection terminals 11 connected to the electrodes 3, 5 of one heater 2 are inserted into the terminals 13 connected to the electrodes 3, 5 of the other heater 2 so as to connect to each other.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sheet heater such as a film heater or a mica heater and a heater device having a plurality of these sheet heaters, and more particularly to a heating (heating) object such as a pipe or a duct. The present invention relates to a device which is attached to an outer peripheral surface and is suitable for efficiently heating (keeping heat) these.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in various plants,
A heater is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the pipe to prevent freezing. Examples of the heater include a so-called "belt heater (long cord heater)". In the case of this belt heater, the length of the heating (heat-retaining) object, for example, the length of the piping of the plant is determined, and various rated items accompanying it are prepared, and then the outer peripheral portion of the piping Will be attached to.

In addition to the above belt heater, there is a so-called "variable length heater". As such a thing, for example, there is one as shown in FIG. First, there is a pair of bus bars 201, 203.
There is a heating element 205 arranged so as to straddle 03. An exterior / silicon cover 207 is provided on the outer circumferences of the pair of bus bars 201, 203 and the heating element 205. Further, the conducting points 209 are provided at a predetermined pitch (the heating element 205 is not provided in the portion of the conducting points), and the adjacent conducting points 209, 20 are provided.
The part between 9 is comprised as a heat generating part. That is,
The portion of the heat generating element 205 between the adjacent conducting points 209, 209 functions as the heat generating portion A, and a plurality of such heat generating portions A are connected in parallel via a pair of bus bars 201, 203. .

When a heater having such a structure is used, the length of the heating (heat-retaining) object, for example, the length of the piping of the plant is arbitrarily determined at the site and cut, The necessary connection work will be completed. This is shown in FIG. FIG. 15 is a view showing a part of the piping of the plant. The heater shown in FIG. 14 is laid along the longitudinal direction of the piping on the outer peripheral portion of the piping 221, and is fixed by a fixing tape 223 at an appropriate position. ing. still,
In FIG. 14, reference numeral 211 is a pressure resistant ground, reference numeral 213 is an insulating cap, reference numeral 215 is an insulating end cap, and FIG.
The reference numeral 225 indicates a connecting device, respectively.

Further, as a heater of the same kind as the heater shown in FIG. 14, there is a heater as shown in FIGS. First,
There is a pair of bus bars 301 and 303, and these pair of bus bars 3
01 and 303 are coated with FEP coating materials 305 and 307, respectively, and also coated with the FEP coating material 309 in a bundled state. A resistance wire 311 is wound around the outer periphery of the covering material 309. An FEP is further provided on the outer peripheral portion of the resistance wire 311.
A covering material 313 made of a material is provided.

The busbar / resistance line connecting portions 315 are provided at a predetermined pitch, and the space between the adjacent busbar / resistance line connecting portions 315, 315 functions as a heat generating portion. That is, as shown in FIG. 17, the portion of the resistance wire 311 between the adjacent bus bar / resistance wire connection portions 315, 315 functions as one heat generating portion A ′, and such heat generating portion A ′ forms a pair. A plurality of bus lines 301 and 303 are connected in parallel.

When a heater having such a structure is used, the length of the heating (heat-retaining) object, for example, the length of the piping of the plant is arbitrarily determined at the site and cut, The necessary connection work will be completed. The specific state of construction is the same as that shown in FIG. In FIG. 16, reference numeral 317 is a metal blade, and FIG.
Reference numeral 319 in 7 indicates a power source, respectively.

Further, as another heater, there is one called "cement heater", and its construction is shown in FIG. First, there is a pair of lead wires 401 and 403, and the connector 40 is provided between the pair of lead wires 401 and 403.
The heater core 409 is arranged via the elements 5 and 407. A resistance wire 411 is wound around the heater core 409. In FIG. 18, reference numeral 413 is a container, reference numeral 4
Reference numeral 15 is RTV, and reference numeral 417 is a filler.
The cement heater configured as described above is mainly used for preventing freezing of a water heater or the like, and is installed and used at each point of a copper pipe connected to the water heater.

[0009]

The above-mentioned conventional structure has the following problems. First, in the case of the "belt heater" described first, it is necessary to prepare various rated products in advance. That is, (1m, 15w), (6
m, 90w) with various specifications,
Among them, the one that fits the specifications of the object to be heated (heat retention) is appropriately selected and attached. Therefore, there is a problem that it is necessary to prepare a plurality of specifications in advance. Further, as another problem, when fixing the belt heater to an object to be heated (heat retention), it is necessary to separately prepare a fixing tape or the like, and the fixing work using them is complicated. Further, when the heating (heat retention) target portion has a large diameter, it comes into contact with such an object with a very small contact surface, so there is a problem that the heating (heat retention) efficiency is low.
Further, in the case of the heater as shown in FIGS. 14 to 17, compared to the case of the belt heater, it is used by arbitrarily cutting it on the spot according to the specifications of the object to be heated (heat retention). Therefore, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of types of rated products in advance. However, it is the same that a complicated fixing work using the fixing tape 223 is required, and when the heating (heat retention) target portion has a large diameter,
Since the contact is made with an extremely small contact surface, there is a similar problem in that the heating (heat retention) efficiency is low. In the case of the cement heater shown in FIG. 18,
As in the case of the belt heater, it is necessary to facilitate a plurality of types of rated products in advance. That is, heating (heat retention)
This is because the number of required cement heaters differs depending on the specifications of the object, and the configuration for connecting them also differs. Also, in this case as well, since complicated fixing work is required and point heating (heat retention) is performed,
There is a problem that the temperature may rise locally, and it cannot be said that the heating (heat retaining) efficiency is good at all.

The present invention has been made on the basis of such a point. The object of the present invention is that even if the specifications of the object to be heated (heat retention) are changed in various ways, the object can be easily attached in correspondence therewith. An object of the present invention is to provide a planar heater and a heater device that can be easily attached to a heating (heat-retaining) target and have high heating (heat-retaining) efficiency.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, a sheet heater according to the present invention comprises a resistor provided on the base film in a foil shape and functioning as a heating element, and an electric bus connected to the resistor. It is characterized by comprising a pair of functional electrodes and connection terminals which are attached to both ends of the pair of electrodes and function when connected to another planar heater. At that time, it is conceivable to provide the pair of electrodes together with the resistor in a foil shape on the base film. Further, it is conceivable that the pair of electrodes are rectangular wires. It is also conceivable to use a pair of electrodes as an insulation-coated electric wire. Further, it is conceivable that the adhesive surface is exposed by removing the cover from the base film so that the base film can be adhered / fixed to an arbitrary object to be heated through the adhesive surface.

Further, in the heater device according to the present invention, an arbitrary number of planar heaters according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are prepared, and the arbitrary number of planar heaters are connected via respective connection terminals. Connected. Further, an arbitrary number of planar heaters according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are prepared, and lead wires having connection terminals at both ends are prepared. It is conceivable that the connection is made via a predetermined interval.

That is, a pair of electrodes functioning as electric busbars are provided for the sheet heater, connection terminals are attached to both ends of the pair of electrodes, and another sheet heater can be easily connected through the connection terminals. It is configured so that it can be connected. As the configuration of providing the pair of electrodes, there are a configuration in which they are provided in a foil shape on the base film together with the resistor, a configuration in which they are attached as rectangular wires, and a configuration in which they are attached as insulated coated wires. Further, it is considered that the base film is provided with an adhesive surface so that it can be easily adhered and fixed to an object to be heated.

Further, the heater device according to the present invention is constructed by preparing a plurality of the above-mentioned sheet heaters and connecting them. The connection method is not particularly limited, but for example, when connecting directly,
It is conceivable that the leads may be connected via a lead wire at a predetermined interval.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First, as shown in FIG. 1, there is a base film 1, and this base film 1 is composed of, for example, a PET film (polyester film), a polyimide film, a polyphenylene sulfide film, or the like. The base film 1 in this embodiment is composed of a PET film (polyester film) of 50 μm. The lower surface of the base film 1 is an adhesive surface, and by removing a cover (not shown) attached to the adhesive surface, the base film 1 can be attached to the outer surface of the object to be heated (heat retention) through the adhesive surface. There is.

On the base film 1, a pair of electrodes (busbars) 3 and 5 and a resistor 7 functioning as a heat generating portion are provided as a pattern by etching. The pattern is obtained as a foil by etching a metal such as aluminum, nickel chrome or stainless as described above. In this embodiment, it is formed by etching aluminum of 9 μm. In addition, the resistor 7
Has its resistance value set to 36Ω so that its specification is (12v-4w). Also, a pair of electrodes 3, 5
Has a width (b) set to 15 mm. As shown in FIG. 2, a PET film 9 as an insulator having a thickness of 50 μm is formed on the pair of electrodes 3 and 5 and the resistor 7.
Are overlaid. In addition, in FIG. 2, because the PET films 9 are superposed on each other, the pair of electrodes 3,
5, the portion of the resistor 7 is shown by a broken line.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a pair of electrodes 3, 5
The connection terminals 11 and 13 are respectively connected to both ends of the. First, as shown in FIG. 1, holes 15 and 17 for fixing connection terminals are formed at both ends of the electrode 3, and the holes 15 and 17 for fixing connection terminals are connected to the connection terminals 11 and 1, respectively.
3, fixing holes (not shown) are overlapped, and eyelet metal fittings 19 and 21 are inserted therein as shown in FIG. 2 for eyelet coupling. Similar connection terminals 11 and 13 are attached to both ends of the electrode 5. In the connection terminals 11 and 13, the connection terminal 11 is a male terminal and the connection terminal 13 is a female terminal. The above is the configuration of one sheet-shaped heater 2.

Next, how to connect the planar heaters 2 having the above structure will be described. That is, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that the planar heater 2 having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is appropriately connected according to the length of the object to be heated (heat retention). Then, the connection is made by the configuration shown in FIG. That is, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, in the two adjacent sheet heaters 2, 2, the connection terminals (male terminals) 11 and 11 connected to the electrodes 3 and 5 of the sheet heater 2 are connected to the sheet heater 2 of the other sheet. The connection terminals (female terminals) 13 and 13 connected to the electrodes 3 and 5 of FIG. A plurality of planar heaters 2 are connected by the same connection structure to form a heater device having a predetermined length that matches the length of the object to be heated (heat retention).

With the above connection structure, a plurality of, for example, 5
If the planar heaters 2 are connected, the circuit configuration is as shown in FIG. That is, all of the electrodes 3, 5 of the five planar heaters 2 are connected in series via the connection terminals 11, 13 to form a pair of bus bars 23, 25. Then, via these pair of buses 23 and 25,
The resistors 7 of the five sheet heaters 2 are connected in parallel. Therefore, the heat generation amount is constant at any place. After that, as shown in FIG. 5, the entire connected heater device is a pipe 27 as an object to be heated (heat retention).
It may be attached to the outer peripheral part of the and connected to the power supply. When it is attached to the pipe 27, the cover of the base film 1 of each planar heater 2 may be removed to expose the adhesive surface, and the adhesive may be adhered and fixed via the adhesive surface.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. First, by connecting an arbitrary number of planar heaters 2 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in accordance with the length of the pipe 27 as a heating (heat-retaining) object, a heating (heat-retaining) object as a heat-retention object A predetermined heater device suitable for the length of the pipe 27 can be obtained. Therefore, if a plurality of sheet heaters 2 as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are prepared, after that, it is only necessary to properly connect them on site, and the conventional “belt heater” or “cement heater” can be used. It is not necessary to prepare in advance a plurality of types of rated products that can support a plurality of specifications. Also, the connection work can be performed by simply using the connection terminal 1
Since only 1 and 13 are inserted into each other, it is extremely simple. Further, in the planar heater shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the base film has an adhesive surface. Therefore, the cover is peeled off to expose the adhesive surface, and the heater is simply adhered to the outer peripheral surface of the pipe 27 as a heat retention target. Can be attached, and the work of attaching it to the pipe 27 as an object to be kept warm is extremely simple. Further, since the planar heater has a flexible structure, it can be easily attached to the curved surface of the pipe 27 along the shape thereof. or,
Since it is basically a planar heater, it comes into contact with the pipe 27 as a heating (heat-retaining) target with a relatively large contact area, which increases the heating (heat-retaining) efficiency. is there. All of the conventional heaters are in contact with each other linearly to heat (heat-retain) an object (heat-retaining). Compared to such conventional heaters, the heating (heat-retaining) efficiency is significantly improved. There is. Looking at one sheet-shaped heater 2, the connection terminals 11 and 13 are attached to the connection portion, and the attachment of these connection terminals 11 and 13 increases the mechanical strength of that portion. There is. As a result, it is possible to prevent the connection portion from being inadvertently damaged.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the case of the second embodiment, first, there is a base film 31, and this base film 31 is composed of a PET film of 50 μm. On the base film 31, electrode connecting portions 33 and 35, electrode fixing portions 37 and 38, and a resistor 39 functioning as a heat generating portion are provided as a pattern by etching. The etching is 30μ
It is made of stainless steel of m. The resistor 39
Has its resistance value set to 740Ω so as to be (100v-13.5w). Then, as shown in FIG. 7, a PET film 41 as an insulator having a thickness of 50 μm is provided on the pattern. This PET film 41
A pair of electrodes 43 and 45 are arranged on the above. In this embodiment, as the pair of electrodes 43 and 45, copper rectangular wires having a width (b) of 2 mm and a thickness (d) of 0.1 mm are used. Then, the pair of electrodes 43, 4
On top of No. 5, a PET film 47 as an insulator having a thickness of 50 μm is provided. The electrode connection parts 33, 3
The part 5 is as shown in FIG. Here, on the back surface side of the base film 31 already described, the adhesive application part 36 is exposed by peeling off the cover 34.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, electrode connecting portions 33,
In 35, the connection terminals (female terminals) 48, 48 are connected to the pair of electrodes 43, 45 made of the rectangular wire made of copper, and the tubes 49, 49 are capped as a whole to perform insulation treatment. On the other hand, in the electrode fixing portions 37 and 38,
The connection terminals (male terminals) 51, 51 are connected to the electrodes 43, 45, and the tubes 53, 53 are capped on the whole and subjected to an insulation treatment. With this, one planar heater 32 is configured. After that, as shown in FIG. 10, an arbitrary number (only two are shown in FIG. 10) of the planar heaters 32 are appropriately connected, and a predetermined length corresponding to the length of an object to be heated (heat retention) not shown. The heater device may be configured to peel off the cover 34 of the base film 31 and adhere and fix the cover 34 to the outer surface of an object to be heated (heat retention) not shown.

Therefore, the same effect as in the case of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the electrode is made of a rectangular wire instead of a foil, so that the usable range is expanded. . That is, the current capacity of the rectangular wire electrode is significantly larger than that of the foil electrode.For example, the foil electrode can provide a current capacity similar to that of the rectangular wire. Trying to secure
The width (b) needs to be considerably large. Therefore, by arbitrarily adjusting the rectangular electrodes, it is possible to arbitrarily set the maximum number of heaters that can be connected to the pair of electrodes. Further, since the rectangular wire is used, the thickness of the entire heater can be suppressed similarly to the foil-shaped electrode, and a thin heater can be obtained. Further, when the above rectangular wire is used as the electrode, the electrode connecting portions 33 and 35 are different from those in the case of the first embodiment.
Then, the portions of the electrode fixing portions 37 and 38 are further reinforced, and the mechanical strength thereof is further increased.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. The same parts as those in the second embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In the case of this embodiment, copper rectangular wires are used as the electrodes 43 and 45 in the second embodiment, but in the case of this embodiment, insulation-coated wires are used as the electrodes 71 and 73. It is intended to be used. The insulation-coated electric wire in this embodiment has a cross-sectional area of 0.3 mm ² . The electrode 71 has a core wire 71a.
And an insulating coating 71b, and the electrode 7
3 is composed of a core wire 73a and an insulating coating 73b. Therefore, the same effect as in the case of the second embodiment can be obtained, and since the electrodes are made of insulated wires, the usable range is expanded. That is, the current capacity of the rectangular wire electrode is significantly larger than that of the foil-shaped electrode, but the current capacity is further increased by using this as an insulation-coated wire. Is.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the first to third embodiments, the sheet heaters are directly connected to each other via the connection terminals attached thereto. However, in this embodiment, the sheet heaters are connected to each other in a predetermined manner. The planar heaters are connected to each other via lead wires having connection terminals at both ends so that the heaters are laid at intervals. That is, as shown in FIG. 13, a plurality of (only three in FIG. 13) planar heaters 32 are connected via a pair of lead wires 81 and 83 at a predetermined interval. . The planar heater 32 is the planar heater described in the third embodiment, and the connecting terminals 48 are provided at both ends of the pair of electrodes.
51 are attached. Also, the lead wires 81, 8
Connection terminals 85 and 87 are attached to both ends of 3, respectively. In the case of connecting in this way, for example, the planar heater 3 is provided at a predetermined interval with respect to an object to be heated (heat retention).
This is the case when it is desired to arrange two. Even in such a case, the connection work and the like are extremely simple, and the work can be easily performed on site. Although the planar heater 32 shown in the third embodiment is shown as an example, the same applies to other planar heaters.

The present invention is not limited to the first to fourth embodiments. First, the first to third
In the above embodiment, the film heater among the planar heaters has been described as an example, but other than that, the invention may be applied to a mica heater or the like. Further, the various numbers in the first to third embodiments are merely examples, and may be appropriately set according to the heating (heat retention) specifications. Further, the connection terminals used in the first to third embodiments are also examples and may be appropriately selected and used.

[0027]

As described above in detail, according to the planar heater and the heater device of the present invention, first, by connecting an arbitrary number of planar heaters according to the length of the object to be heated (heat retention), It is possible to obtain a predetermined heater device suitable for the length of the object to be heated (heat retention). Therefore, if a plurality of sheet heaters according to the present invention are prepared, it is only necessary to properly connect them on site, and it is possible to use a plurality of specifications in advance such as the conventional "belt heater" and "cement heater". It is not necessary to prepare multiple types of rated products. Also, the connecting work is extremely simple because it is simply connected through the connecting terminals of the respective planar heaters to be connected. Similarly, when connecting via a lead wire, the connecting work is simple. Further, in the case of a planar heater, since it comes into contact with an object to be heated (heat retention) in a planar manner,
The contact area with respect to the object to be heated (heat retention) is increased, and the efficiency of heating (heat retention) is increased. In addition, even when it is attached to an object to be heated (heat retention), since the planar heater has a flexible structure, it can be easily deformed and attached along the outer surface of the object to be heated (heat retention).
Also, if the base film has an adhesive surface, you can attach it simply by peeling off the cover to expose the adhesive surface and adhering it to the outer peripheral surface of the heating (heat-retaining) object. Is.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a top view showing a configuration of a heater in a state in which a topmost insulating film is removed in a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the first embodiment of the present invention and is a top view showing the structure of a heater.

FIG. 3 is a top view showing a state in which a heater is connected in the diagram showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention and is a diagram showing a circuit configuration when a heater is connected.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the heater connected in the drawing showing the first embodiment of the present invention is adhered and fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the pipe as a heat insulating object.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a second embodiment of the present invention and is a top view showing a state of a heater before arranging electrodes.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a heater showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a second embodiment of the present invention and is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electrode connecting portion.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention and is a top view showing a configuration of a heater.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a second embodiment of the present invention and is a top view showing a state in which a heater is connected.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a heater showing the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a view showing a third embodiment of the present invention and is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electrode connecting portion.

FIG. 13 is a top view showing a state in which a heater is connected in a view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a top view showing a conventional example with a heater partly cut away.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a state in which a heater is attached to an outer peripheral portion of a pipe in a conventional example.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a conventional example with a part of a heater cut away.

17 is a diagram showing a conventional example and a diagram showing a circuit configuration of the heater shown in FIG. 15. FIG.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional example with a heater partly cut away.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Base Film 2 Flat Heater 3 Electrode 5 Electrode 7 Resistor 11 Connection Terminal (Male Terminal) 13 Connection Terminal (Female Terminal) 23 Electric Bus 25 Electric Bus 27 Piping {Heating (Insulation) Target} 31 Base Film 32 Flat Heater 39 Resistor 43 Electrode 45 Electrode 51 Connection terminal (male terminal) 71 Electrode 73 Electrode 81 Lead wire 83 Lead wire 85 Connection terminal (male terminal) 87 Connection terminal (female terminal)

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A resistor provided on the base film in a foil shape and functioning as a heating element, a pair of electrodes connected to the resistor and functioning as electric busbars, and a pair of electrodes attached to both ends of the pair of electrodes. A planar heater, comprising: a connection terminal that functions when connected to the planar heater. 2. The planar heater according to claim 1, wherein the pair of electrodes is provided in a foil shape on the base film together with the resistor. 3. The planar heater according to claim 1, wherein the pair of electrodes are rectangular wires. 4. The planar heater according to claim 1, wherein the pair of electrodes are insulation-coated wires. 5. The planar heater according to claim 1, wherein the base film exposes an adhesive surface by removing the cover, and is adhered / fixed to an arbitrary heating object through the adhesive surface. A sheet heater characterized by the above. 6. An arbitrary number of planar heaters according to claim 1 are prepared, and the arbitrary number of planar heaters are connected via respective connection terminals. Characteristic heater device. 7. An arbitrary number of the planar heaters according to claim 1 are prepared, and lead wires having connection terminals at both ends are prepared so that the planar heaters are A heater device, wherein the heater devices are connected to each other via lead wires at a predetermined interval.