JPH0971994A - Rainwater-driving channel and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a road from being flooded due to heavy rain and to secure ground water by a method wherein water flow ports are provided in the side wall surface of a conduit through which rainwater is guided to a river. SOLUTION: Slit-form water flow ports 1 are provided in the side wall surface of a rainwater-conveyance channel 2 consisting of an U-shaped groove and a rainwater-conveyance channel 3 consisting of conduit buried in a ground. As a result, rainwater flowing through the rainwater-conveyance channels 2 and 3 flows out through the water flow ports 1 to the outside and permeates peripheral soil. Thereby, a natural cycle wherein rainwater is purified through soil to produce ground water is restored. Since a flow is suppressed by the water flow ports 1, a velocity of flow of rainwater is controlled and a water holding function of soil is also developed. This constitution prevents a road from being flooded and secure ground water.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water conduit such as a drain pipe or a gutter installed for guiding rainwater on a road surface to a river and a method of constructing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, rainwater conduits such as gutters and drainage pipes have been provided to guide rainwater on roads to rivers and the like. As illustrated in FIG. 5, these rainwater conduits use concrete-made cylindrical conduits 20 and U-shaped gutters 21. These cylindrical conduits 20 and U-shaped gutters 21 are
It is manufactured by making a block into a certain length, and each of them is connected with a socket by a rubber ring or the like, or is sealed with a mortar 22 or the like using a fixing metal fitting 23 or the like and connected.
In this way, rainwater flowing through the headrace is installed so that it will not easily leak outside the headrace. In the case of normal rainfall, rainwater on the road surface can be quickly made to flow into the river, and inundation on the road can be prevented.

[0003]

However, when a large amount of rainwater, such as heavy rain, flows into this rainwater conduit, it often exceeds the limit of its transfer capacity and spouts on the road. This is because the rainwater flow channel has a smooth rainwater flow surface and is sealed so that it does not leak, so it flows rapidly and overflows into the downstream catchment all at once. This is because it is practically difficult to increase the water retention capacity of these water collection sections due to installation conditions and the like.

In other words, rainwater flowing through the rainwater channel simultaneously flows into the connection, which is the water collecting section, the rainwater masu or the manhole, and performs a certain degree of water retention function, but when a large amount of rainwater flows in, It overflows. These connecting masu and manholes are piped to the drainage mains that are buried underground, and are originally provided to allow the drainage mains to flow smoothly, such as separation of mud and deaeration. If the flow capacity of the drainage main is exceeded, it will overflow from these connections and manholes.

[0005] In recent years, the pavement has progressed, and rainwater is transported to a distant river and drained without permeating underground, so groundwater is drastically reduced, and ground subsidence occurs due to groundwater pumping. There are some places.

[0006] In addition, it is often found that small animals fall into U-shaped gutters and cannot escape and die. In many tourist spots, road development is preceded and nature protection is postponed, and there are few roads with consideration for nature such as passages for small animals.

[0007] The technical problem of the present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and prevents the infiltration of the road surface due to rainwater and the like, and also appropriately permeates the rainwater underground to secure groundwater. The purpose is to realize a rainwater channel and its construction method that are effective for flood control, resource conservation, and nature conservation, and that can easily secure escape routes for small animals.

[0008]

A first aspect of the present invention is a rainwater channel having a side wall surface provided with a water inlet 1, as shown in FIG. is there. The rainwater canal is provided to discharge rainwater due to rainfall, car wash drainage at home, and the like to rivers and the like.
And the conduit 3 that is buried underground, and the water collection and connection equipment such as connection.

The water inlet 1 may be any opening provided on the side wall surface so that rainwater flowing inside the rainwater conduits 2 and 3 can flow out to the outside. The holes may be formed at intervals, or the U-shaped groove block may be manufactured so that the water passage 1 is opened. The shape of the opening serving as the water passage 1 may be any shape, and for example, a slit-shaped water passage 1 may be used as shown in FIGS. 1 (1), (2), and (3). At least the central portions of the bottom surfaces of the rainwater conduits 2 and 3 should not be opened. In addition, as shown in FIG.
Circular water inlet 1 at the bottom of the side so that water can pass through
a may be provided.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 2A, at the water passage 1, the amount of outflow to the outside changes in accordance with the water level of rainwater flowing through the rainwater channel 2. In addition, the rainwater canal has a water passage 1b that is opened so that the opening width is narrower on the lower side and wider on the upper side. The water passage 1b may have any opening width as long as the lower side is narrow and the upper side is wide. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 (1), the opening width of the water passage 1b is wide at the upper side. May be provided in the shape of an inverted triangle, or may be a diamond-shaped opening.

As shown in FIG. 3, a third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a layered porous mass material layer 5 having a controlled particle size is provided on an outer peripheral portion of a rainwater channel 2 having a water passage 1 on a side wall surface. It is the construction method of the rainwater headrace.

The porous lump material layer 5 may be any as long as it has a water-permeable water retaining layer formed on the outer peripheral portion of the rainwater channel 2 by the porous lump material 6 adjusted to have a substantially constant particle size. For example, the block layer 5 may be formed by crushing the waste material of the concrete block and adjusting the particle size to about 3 to 5 cm and then compacting it to form the massive layer 5. The porous lump material 6 may be a construction waste material such as a concrete block waste material, a ceramic waste material such as unglazed pottery or a sludge firing material, or a porous material such as a coal shell, and the particle size is adjusted before use.

[0013]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the headrace for guiding rainwater or the like to a river or the like, when the water passage 1 is provided on the side wall surface, the rainwater flowing inside the rainwater headraces 2 and 3 will be 1 can flow out to the outside and penetrate into surrounding soil. Therefore, the natural cycle in which rainwater is purified by soil to become groundwater is restored, and groundwater can be secured. In addition, rainwater is purified by the action of purifying microorganisms in the soil. Furthermore, since excess water in the soil is drained, the soil strength can be kept constant.

Further, since the water passage 1 suppresses the flow, the flow velocity of rainwater is suppressed and the water retaining function of the soil is also exerted. Providing a water retention layer around the area can prevent rapid flow during heavy rain, etc., and can be a measure to prevent inundation of road surfaces.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (2), the water passage 1
If a is opened so that the small animal 4 can pass through and an escape path 7 is provided outside, the small animal 4 can escape to the outside even if the small animal 4 falls in the rainwater channel 2.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, at the water passage 1, depending on the water level of rainwater flowing through the rainwater channel 2,
If the water inlet 1b is opened so that the opening width is narrower on the lower side and wider on the upper side so that the amount of outflow changes, when the water level of rainwater in the rainwater headrace 2 is high, When the water level is low, the outflow rate to the outside is low, so the outflow rate can be adjusted appropriately according to the flow rate of the rainwater, and the flow rate flowing to the downstream side of the rainwater headrace 2 can be adjusted. Can be restricted.

When a porous lump material layer 5 having a controlled particle size is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the rainwater conduit 2 having the water passage 1 on the side wall as in claim 3, it flows into the rainwater conduit 2. The rainwater and the like first flow into the outer porous lump material layer 5 through the water passage port 1 and are absorbed by the porous lump material 6. Further, when the flow rate of the rainwater conduit 2 increases, the porous mass material layer 5 successively flows in. When the porous mass material layer 5 is filled with rainwater or the like, the rainwater conduit 2 does not flow out to the outside and the rainwater conduit 2 It flows through the channel 2 to the downstream side.

As described above, since the porous lump material layer 5 becomes a water retention layer and starts to flow downstream after the capacity of the water retention layer is full, it does not suddenly flow down due to rainfall, and it suddenly flows down. It is possible to prevent the inflow of water from the downstream side water collecting part to the road surface due to the smooth flow down. When the rainfall stops, the rainwater contained in the porous lump material layer 5 slowly flows into the rainwater channel 2 after the level of the rainwater in the rainwater channel 2 is lowered.

Further, since the porous lump material layer 5 is used by rolling the lump material 6 of which particle size is adjusted, the strength as the roadbed 11 can be sufficiently maintained. Can be set, so sufficient water retention capacity can be secured. In particular, it will be an effective inundation prevention measure during heavy rain or heavy rainfall.

Further, since the porous material 6 is used, the rainwater in the porous lump material layer 5 rarely flows through the layer to the downstream side. In addition, since the porous lump material layer 5 serves as a filter for the natural soil 8 around it, the surrounding soil does not flow into the rainwater channel 2. further,
Since microorganisms are easily propagated in the porous lump material 6, rainwater is purified by the purification action of the microorganisms. Furthermore, as the porous lump material 6, construction waste material or the like can be used, and resources can be reused most.

[0021]

EXAMPLES Next, practical examples of the rainwater channel and the construction method thereof according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is an embodiment of a rainwater channel according to the present invention,
(1) shows a U-shaped groove 2 provided with a water passage 1, and (2) is a sectional view taken along line AA of (1). Water passage 1
Is formed in a slit shape having a width of 1 to 2 cm, and is cut out from a certain position below the upper portion of the side surface of the U-shaped groove 2 to a little inside from the end portion of the bottom portion. The water inlet 1 is not provided in the central portion of the bottom. FIG. 1 (3) shows an embodiment in which a slit-shaped water passage 1 is provided in a cylindrical conduit 3, which is provided at regular intervals on the left and right side surfaces.

FIG. 2 (1) shows another embodiment of the U-shaped groove 2 provided with the water passage 1b according to the present invention, in which the width of the water passage 1b formed on the side wall surface is higher than that of the lower side. The opening is in the shape of an inverted triangle so that the side is wider. That is, when the rainwater flow rate is low and the water level is low, the amount flowing out through the water passage 1b is small, and when the rainwater flow rate is high and the water level is high, the outflow amount is large.
It is formed so that the outflow rate changes according to the water level.
It should be noted that it is advisable to attach a wire net, a filter or the like to the water passage 1b to prevent external crushed stones or soil from entering the inside.

FIG. 2 (2) shows the case where the rainwater headrace according to the present invention is used in the gutter of the road 12 such as a tourist spot where many natural animals inhabit, and the rainwater headrace (U-shaped gutter) 2 is used. A circular water passage 1a is formed so that the small animal 4 can pass through a part of the water passage provided, and the small animal 4 can escape without backfilling the outside of the circular water passage 1a. Slope-shaped stage 7 that forms a gentle slope
It is formed in a mortar shape. This circular water passage 1
The outer part of a can be utilized as a water retention area. It also serves as a sludge discharge port when cleaning the rainwater channel 2.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a construction method when the rainwater channel according to the present invention is used as a U-shaped gutter of a paved road. In this embodiment, as a gutter of an asphalt paved road, a U-shaped gutter 2 provided with slit-shaped water passages 1 having a width of 1 cm at 1 m intervals on the left and right sidewalls is installed. A porous lump material layer 5 is formed on the surrounding roadbed portion 11. The porous lump material layer 5 is formed by crushing a waste material of a concrete block and adjusting the particle size to 3 to 5 cm, and then compacting it. Reference numeral 9 is a roadbed, and 10 is an asphalt surface layer.

Subgrade 11 of a normal asphalt pavement
Is formed by excavating to a depth of about 1 meter, replacing it with soil containing a lot of gravel and sand, and sufficiently compacting it to increase the bearing capacity. For this reason, the permeation amount of rainwater into the surrounding soil from the water passage 1 of the U-shaped gutter 2 is small, it is insufficient as a water retaining layer, and a large amount of rainwater cannot be retained.
In particular, in the case of heavy rain or heavy rainfall, a large amount of rainwater flows into the downstream side water collection part, so it is necessary to sufficiently enhance the water retention capacity in order to prevent the infiltration of the road surface.

As described above, by providing the porous lump material layer 5 around the U-shaped groove 2, a sufficient water retaining area can be secured, and the rainwater accumulated in this water retaining layer is the porous lump 6. Since the water is absorbed by the water, rainwater rarely flows in the water retaining layer, and the water retaining ability can be remarkably enhanced.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (1), the inverted triangular water passage 1b is provided.
It is effective to provide the U-shaped side groove 2 having the above because it can quickly flow into the water retention layer. In addition, the porous lump material 6
Since the microorganisms propagate, the purification action by the microorganisms purifies rainwater and also has the effect of preventing pollution of rivers and the like.

Further, the water that has permeated into the porous lump material layer 5 at the time of rainfall is slowly discharged from the water inlet 1 through the U-shaped gutter 2 after the rain.
Since it is returned to the inside, the natural soil 8 around the porous lump material layer 5 does not flow into the U-shaped groove 2, and the roadbed portion 11
The water content is maintained moderately, and a stable supporting force can be maintained.

Further, in recent years, various types of water-permeable roadbed materials have been developed. When these water-permeable roadbed materials are used, the water retained in the porous lump material layer 5 evaporates through the water-permeable roadbed. In recent years, it is also effective as a countermeasure against the global warming phenomenon in cities. That is, the water retained in the subgrade 11 of the road underground cools the permeable roadbed by the capillarity phenomenon, and the water evaporates on the upper surface of the permeable roadbed to lower the temperature.

[0029]

As described in claim 1, in the headrace for guiding rainwater or the like to the river or the like, since the water passage opening 1 is provided on the side wall surface, the soil portion around the rainwater headraces 2, 3 is provided. Can function as a water retention layer. Further, by providing the permeable layer 5 (FIG. 3) around the rainwater conduits 2 and 3, it is possible to prevent the road surface from being flooded on the downstream side when a large amount of rainwater flows. Also,
Rainwater penetrates into the surrounding soil, groundwater can be secured, and rainwater can be purified by the soil purification action. Furthermore, even if the small animal 4 falls into the rainwater channel, it can be escaped to the outside by using the water passage 1a (FIG. 2), which is also useful for nature conservation.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, at the water passage 1, depending on the water level of rainwater flowing through the rainwater channel 2,
Since the water passage 1a is opened so that the opening width is narrower on the lower side and wider on the upper side so that the outflow amount changes, the flow rate of rainwater flowing through the rainwater conduit 2 can be limited. Further, by providing the water permeable layer 5 (FIG. 3) on the outer side, it is possible to prevent the road surface from being flooded in the downstream side water collecting portion during heavy rain.

As described in claim 3, by providing the porous lump material layer 5 of which particle size is adjusted on the outer peripheral portion of the rainwater conduit 2 having the water passage opening 1 on the side wall surface, the effect of retaining rainwater is remarkably achieved. It is possible to provide a method of constructing a rainwater conduit that can be enhanced. Further, since microorganisms propagate in the porous lump material layer 6, the rainwater is also purified. Further, the excess water in the roadbed portion 11 can be discharged to the inside of the rainwater conduit 2 conversely, so that the bearing capacity of the roadbed soil can be favorably maintained. Furthermore, since the porous lump material 6 can use construction waste materials, ceramic waste materials, etc., recycling can be promoted and resources can be effectively used. When used in combination with a permeable roadbed, it also serves as a measure to prevent urban warming.

As described above, according to the present invention, the rainwater canal has a water retaining / purifying function, can secure groundwater, and is also useful for nature protection. Can be realized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a rainwater conduit according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing another embodiment of the rainwater channel according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a working example of a rainwater conduit according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional rainwater conduit.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Water inlet 1a Circular water inlet 1b Inverted triangular water outlet 2 Rainwater channel (U-shaped gutter) 3 Rainwater channel (conduit) 4 Small animal 5 Porous lump material layer 6 Porous lump material 7 Slope-shaped stage 8 Natural soil 9 Roadbed 10 Asphalt surface 11 Roadbed

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A rainwater canal for guiding rainwater or the like to a river or the like, wherein a side wall is provided with a water passage opening (1). 2. In the water inlet (1), the opening width is narrower on the lower side and on the upper side so that the outflow amount changes to the outside according to the water level of rainwater flowing in the rainwater channel (2). The rainwater channel according to claim 1, wherein the water passage (1b) is opened so that the side is wide. 3. A rainwater conduit having a layered porous lump material layer (5) provided on the outer periphery of a rainwater conduit (2) having a water inlet (1) on its side wall. Construction method.