JPH0959642A - Far infrared charcoal kiln - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To greatly reduce the carbonization time esp. of a water-contg. raw material in producing charcoal by coating the surface of the wall of a combustion chamber with a far-infrared-emitting ceramic. SOLUTION: A kiln body 1 has a combustion chamber 3 having a freely openable and closable opening 2 formed at its one side wall and an ignition chamber 6 formed beneath a bottom partition 5 having a suitable number of ignition holes, is constructed from refractory bricks 7 having a specified thickness, is externally covered with a steel sheet 8, and has the inside wall coated with a far-infraredemitting ceramic 9. A separate chamber 10 constructed from the same material as that of the body 1 is connected to the combustion chamber 3 with a duct 11. A gas venthole 16 is formed at the top of the combustion chamber 3, and an air blow hole 24 capable of adjusting the amt. of air blow, at the one side of the wall of the combustion chamber 3 (an air blower 17). A temp. sensor 19 capable of detecting the temp. inside the chamber 3 is installed at a certain position on the wall of the chamber 3. A chimney 12 is installed at the upper part of the separate chamber 10, and a nozzle 13 for taking out wood vinegar, at the bottom.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a far-infrared charcoal kiln capable of significantly shortening the charcoal-burning time of hydrous carbonaceous materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, it is constructed of stone or brick, and is provided with a ventilation port, a chimney, an auxiliary chimney, etc., and the bottom surface has an almost elliptical shape and is made into a substantially semicircular shape, and the diameter of the bottom surface is about 2.4-. Three
It was a charcoal-fired kiln of m and a height of about 1.3 to 1.6 m, and the amount of carbonaceous material entered at one time was about 1500 kg.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention Dry logs are stacked in a charcoal kiln in a combustion chamber and ignited to gradually take in air from a ventilation port and burn it. Gas and tar are emitted into the air from the chimney, but there is a problem that skill is required to judge the degree of progress of carbonization based on smoke color and odor. Further, there was a problem in that the kiln itself was damaged each time charcoal was burned, and repair was required for the next charcoal grill. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to significantly shorten the charcoal-burning time, turn on / off the ignition burner with a temperature controller that can control the temperature, and control the air flow rate with a link mechanism to control the amount of air flowing into the combustion chamber. The present invention provides a durable far-infrared charcoal kiln having a structure capable of appropriately shutting off.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, a combustion chamber having an opening / closing opening on one side wall and a kiln bottom partition wall having a suitable number of ignition holes are formed. It is not a kiln consisting of an ignition chamber provided in the kiln, the kiln is made of refractory bricks with a predetermined thickness, the outer surface of which is provided with a steel plate, and the inner wall of the kiln is coated with far-infrared ceramics. , A separation chamber formed by a kiln material of the same quality as the kiln material of the kiln and the combustion chamber are connected by a flue, and a gas vent hole is formed in the upper part of the combustion chamber, and one of the wall surfaces of the combustion chamber is formed. Provided on the side is a ventilation port capable of adjusting the amount of blown air, and provided at a predetermined position on the wall surface of the combustion chamber with a temperature sensor capable of detecting the temperature inside the combustion chamber.A chimney is provided above the combustion chamber and a wood vinegar take-out nozzle is provided at the bottom. Formed. The opening and closing of the gas vent and the blower opening are controlled by a control motor.

[0005]

[Function] Wood, vegetation and other wood-based materials that contain a large amount of water due to the heat source generated by the ignition burner are quickly dried completely in the far-infrared atmosphere and then ignited to control the temperature stepwise. , Automatically adjust the air volume and carbonize. If necessary, dry charcoal, black charcoal, white charcoal, etc. can be appropriately produced.

[0006]

EXAMPLE A kiln comprising a combustion chamber 3 having an opening 2 which can be opened and closed on one side wall, and an ignition chamber 6 provided at the bottom of a kiln bottom partition wall 5 having an appropriate number of ignition holes 4 formed therein. Formed as a body 1, the kiln body 1 is made of refractory bricks 7 having a predetermined thickness, and a steel plate 8 is provided on the outer surface of the kiln body 1. A ceramic layer 9 is formed.

A carbonaceous material 15 is introduced into the combustion chamber 3 through the opening 2.
In case of charging, since the flame infrared ceramics are applied to the wall surface of the combustion chamber 3, the carbonaceous material 15
Is dried very quickly.

In general, the action of far infrared rays facilitates the orbit of water and stimulates water molecules and hydrogen bonds (resonance with molecular vibration).
Is given, breaks the connection between molecules and activates the molecules. Therefore, even if the temperature does not rise so much, the evaporation of water is activated, and the heat of evaporation is taken away by the more active evaporation of water, resulting in the temperature of the material not rising. That is, in normal heating, only the surface temperature rises, and there is a phenomenon in which the difference in expansion and contraction between the center and the surface is large due to the internal crack, and only the surface is darkened. In the atmosphere of far infrared rays, the movement of water is easy, so the water evaporated from the surface is replenished from the center, and the evaporation of water continues on the surface (sea surface), and the heat of evaporation causes The rise of the surface temperature is relatively suppressed, the material is cracked, the temperature difference becomes small, and relatively uniform heating is quickly achieved, which shortens the drying time and saves the fuel consumption.

FIG. 2 shows a comparison between a dried state (a) in a far infrared ray atmosphere and a dried state (b) in an atmosphere not using far infrared rays. According to this, when cedar wood with a moisture content of 80% is dried by burning kerosene for comparison, it takes about 18 minutes in the far infrared atmosphere to dry up to a moisture content of 10%. The amount is about 3
While it was 0 liter, it took about 63 minutes under the atmosphere without using far infrared rays, and the consumed kerosene was about 80 liter.

At the upper part of the combustion chamber, a gas vent hole 16 is controlled by a link mechanism 18 which will be described later so that the gas vent valve 26 can be freely opened and closed so that the gas generated during combustion is appropriately discharged. In addition, the temperature of the combustion chamber 3 is set so as to show a uniform temperature distribution. A separation chamber 10 formed of a kiln material of the same quality as the kiln material is arranged on the lateral side of the kiln body 1. The separation chamber 10 and the combustion chamber 3 are communicated with each other by a flue 11, and The generated smoke passes through the flue 11 and is separated into wood vinegar and smoke in the separation chamber 10,
Only smoke is discharged into the outside air from the upper end of the chimney 12 extending above the separation chamber 10. A cutoff tamper 27 is provided in the middle of the chimney 12.

The wood vinegar produced as a by-product can be taken out by appropriately opening a valve from the wood vinegar take-out nozzle 13. 14 is a wood vinegar collection container. The air blown from the blower 17 provided on one side of the wall surface of the combustion chamber 3 is sent to the combustion chamber 3 through the blower pipe 23 and the blower port 24. An on-off valve 25 is provided at the air outlet 24, and the on-off valve 25 is configured so that the amount of air blown can be adjusted by the link mechanism 18. The link mechanism 18 is controlled by a control motor 22.
The temperature inside the combustion chamber is detected by the temperature sensor 19 at a predetermined position on the wall surface of the combustion chamber 3 and is linked to the temperature controller 20, so that the ignition burner 21 is turned on / off and the blower 17 is used.
The amount of blown air can be controlled by the link mechanism 18.

[0012]

According to the far-infrared charcoal kiln according to the first aspect of the present invention, the combustion chamber is formed by forming an opening / closing opening in one side wall and the kiln bottom partition wall formed by forming an appropriate number of ignition holes. No kiln consisting of an ignition chamber, the kiln is made of refractory bricks with a predetermined thickness, the outer surface of which is provided with a steel plate, and the inner wall surface of the kiln is coated with far-infrared ceramics. Since the separation chamber formed by the same kiln material as the body kiln material and the combustion chamber are connected by a flue, a chimney is provided above the separation chamber and a wood vinegar take-out nozzle is formed at the bottom, Even when drying carbonaceous materials containing a large amount of water such as driftwood, complete drying is performed in an extremely short time, and ignition of the carbonaceous materials is significantly faster than in the past, and the time required for charcoal burning can be greatly shortened. Wood vinegar produced as a by-product It can be taken out also effective. In the far-infrared charcoal kiln according to claim 2, since the opening and closing of the gas vent and the air blower are controlled by the control motor, the temperature in the combustion chamber can be arbitrarily adjusted and controlled. , Black charcoal or white charcoal can be freely made according to the purpose and application.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Fig. 1] Vertical sectional view of the kiln

[Fig. 2] Drying curve comparing with and without using far infrared rays

FIG. 3 is an enlarged explanatory view showing a link mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1. . . . Kiln 2. . . . Opening 3. . . . Combustion chamber 4. . . . Ignition hole 5. . . . Kiln bottom partition wall 6. . . . Ignition room 7. . . . Fireproof brick 8. . . . Steel plate 9. . . . Far-infrared ceramic layer 10. . . . Separation chamber 11. . . . Flue 12. . . . Chimney 13. . . . Wood vinegar take-out nozzle 14. . . . Wood vinegar collection container 15. . . . Carbon material 16. . . . Gas vent hole 17. . . . Blower 18. . . . Link mechanism 19． . . . Temperature sensor 20. . . . Temperature controller 21. . . . Ignition burner 22. . . . Control motor 23. . . . Air blower 24. . . . Blower 25. . . . Open / close valve 26. . . . Gas vent valve 27. . . . With shut-off tamper

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A kiln comprising a combustion chamber having an opening / closing opening formed on one side wall and an ignition chamber provided at the bottom of a kiln bottom partition wall having an appropriate number of ignition holes. The kiln is made of refractory bricks with a predetermined thickness, a steel plate is provided on the outer surface of the kiln, and far-infrared ceramic is applied to the inner wall surface of the kiln, which is made of the same kiln material as that of the kiln. The formed separation chamber and the combustion chamber are communicated with each other by a flue, a gas vent hole is formed in the upper portion of the combustion chamber, and a blower opening capable of adjusting the blown air amount is provided on one side of the wall surface of the combustion chamber. A far-infrared charcoal kiln characterized in that a temperature sensor capable of detecting the temperature inside the combustion chamber is provided at a predetermined position on the wall surface of the combustion chamber, a chimney is provided above the combustion chamber, and a wood vinegar take-out nozzle is formed at the bottom. 2. A far-infrared charcoal kiln characterized in that the opening and closing of the gas vent and the vent are controlled by a control motor.