US599499A - Burning and heating - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. S. GARE.

BURNING AND HEATING APPLIANCE.

TH; qgams warms co. pnovaumo. wAsmN (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. S. GARE.

BURNING AND HEATING APPLIANCE.

Patented I W Fe g6 [awn/011' S ga/i/i/ THE "cams Pcrzns cu, PHOTO-LITNQ, WASHINGTON, a. c.

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HORACE S. CARR, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO REUBEN JAY TARBELL, OF SAME PLACE.

BURNING AND HEATBNG APPLIANCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 599,499, dated February 22, 1898.

Application filed May 2'7, 1895. Serial No. 550,763. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HORACE S. GARE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Burning and Heating Appliance, of which the following is a specification.

One object of my invention is to provide simpler and better means for producing complete combustion, doing away with deposits of soot and entirely consuming the fuel used.

My invention is also applicable for burning oil, wood, coal, and other fuel. (If oil is burned, a suitable oil-burning appliance should be used.)

The object of my invention is to provide a very simple device for burning smoke and econoinizing fuel and which device is applicable for cooking and heating stoves, for crematories, bake-ovens, steam-boilers, and water-heaters, and other uses pertaining to burning and heating.

My invention comprises a stove or furnace provided with a combustion-chamber consisting of a hollow triangular prism.

My invention also comprises the combina tion of a firebox having an air-inlet, a hollow triangular prism communicating with the rear end of said fire-box through a contracted opening in the front end of the prism and having a suitable outlet for the products of combustion at the rear end of the prism, and an air-inlet into the prism at the front end.

My invention includes a furnace having between its fire-box and chimney a combustion-chamber which consists of a hollow triangular prism provided in each of its ends with a centrally-arranged circular opening inscribed within a triangle which is approximately one-fourth the cross-sectional area of such prism and which openings communicate, respectively, with the fire-box and chimney.

An important object of my invention is to provide a simple contrivance which will receive the products of partial combustion which result from the ignition of fuel in the fire-box of the furnace and to cause an action and reaction of such products and admit air to the unconsumed products and mix and mingle them at once, so as to induce a complete transformation of such fuel into heat energy and to then apply such heat energy in great volume and with great intensity to the object to be cooked or incinerated and to do this with the greatest possible economy and least expensive structure also, to produce the greatest concentration of heat in the oven where it may be desired to bake or incinerate various objectsas, for example, in bakers ovens, potters furnaces, and crematories.

I apply the heat to the oven or incinerating-chamber from combustion-prisms which surround the oven or incincrating-chamber at the sides thereof and communicate with the fire-box at one end of the apparatus and with the chimney at the other end of the apparatus and into which prisms the air is admitted and whereby an intense heat is applied where required.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention in one mode of applying it in a stove for heating and cooking purposes and also one mode of applying it for crematories. The crematory illustrated is suitable for incineration of human bodies. The insulating-casing of brick or other suitable material, which will be applied outside the inclosing prism, is not shown. The same can be applied without the exercise of any inventive faculty.

Figure l is a fragmental side elevation of a crematory embodying my invention, the insulating-brickwork being omitted and portions of the apparatus being broken away to expose interior structure. Fig. 2 is a fragmental vertical section of my new crematory through the prisms and incinerating-chainber, looking toward the fire-box or furnace. Line 2 3, Fig. 1, indicates the line of section. Fig. 3 is a like section of the orematory, looking toward the chimney, which leads from the prisms, and toward the door, which opens into the oven or incinerating-chamber. Fig. 4: is a fragmental front elevation of the crematory, broken away in part to shown interior structure. Fig. 5 is longitudinal vertical section of a heating or cooking stove in which my invention is applied. Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the same,parts being broken away to expose interior structure. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the stove. Fig. 8 is a transverse section on line 8 8, Fig. 5, cutting through the oven and prism. Fig. 9 is a detail of the damper controlling the entrance of air into the inlet between the fire-box and the auxiliary combustion chamber or prism.

A indicates the fire-box in the crematory.

A indicates the fire-box in the stove.

B B B indicate the prisms in the crematory, and Bindicates the prism in the cooking-stove. These constitute the auxiliary combustion-chambers.

0 indicates the chimney of the crematory, and O indicates the chimney, stovepipe, or other suitable outlet for the products of combustion from the stove.

In the crematory or other heating appliance in which I wish to concentrate heat in an oven or heating or incineratin g chamber I arrange three of the triangular prisms in a triangular figure, so as to form between three of the faces of said prisms a chamber or space E, leaving openings e between the adjacent edges of the prisms.

Findicates an inclosing shell or case prism, which in case of the triangular arrangement above set forth is preferably triangular in cross-section and inoloses the prisms in which the final combustion is to take place,leaving a heating-space G around the prisms inside of the walls of the inclosing prism.

H H H II indicate the inlets into the front ends of the combustion-prisms from the fire-box or furnace.

h'h' h h indicate air-inlets into the front end of the prism. In the drawings I have shown the air-inlets entering into and through the inlets H, H, II, and I-I. I 1 indicate dampers for opening and closing these inlets.

In the crematory or bake-oven shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, J J indicate pan or grate brackets or supports on the lower combustion-prisms, and K indicates" a pan or grate for supporting the body or other object during incineration or while being acted upon by the heat for baking or for other purposes. In case a grate is used a pan K at the bottom of the central chamber will catch any ashes which may fall through.

Kindicates a door through which to withdraw the pan K.

The prisms are made of steel, iron, or other suitable heat-conducting material, so that the heat is conducted through the same and radiated therefrom.

It might be found necessary in some instances where a very high degree of heat is required-as, for instance, in cremating human bodies-that the prisms be made of fireclay to withstand the intense heat.

L indicates supports and stays for the prisms in the crematory.

In the drawings I have shown the in'closing prism or case of the crematory thin in crosssection. It is to be understood that this thin caseis to be bricked in or otherwise insulated, so as to prevent the escape of heat. I propose to make the space G between the combustion-prisms and the inolosing prism or case about three inches across; but this may be increased or diminished, as may be found desirable. The purpose of this inclosing heat-space around the prisms is to allow the heat from the outer faces or sides of the prisms to be communicated to the inner chamber. The entire chamber within the inclosing prism or case is tightly closed, no opening being provided thereto excepting the dooropenings M and K, which are hermetically closed when the crematory is in operation, and two other small openings which I will describe.

M indicates a door for hermetically closing the entrance to the oven or incineratingchamber.

N indicates a small air-inlet into the oven, and 0 indicates a small fumes-outlet from the oven into the upper combustion-prism. In practice the air-inlet N allows the ingress of a small amount of air, and the outlet 0 allows the egress into the upper prism of the fumes from the oven, so that the fumes will be carried into and will be consumed by the intense heatv within the upper prism.

91 indicates a damper to close the air-inlet N.

In the crematory the air is admitted into the combustion-prismsthrough the pipes h 7L h, communicating with the outside atmosphere and leading, respectively, to other pipes P P P, which respectively surround and communicate with the inlets H II II, which communicate between the fire-box and the combustion-prisms, respectively, so that the air is introduced into each combustion-prism through the inlet through which the products from the fire-box enter into such combustionprisms, so that the air is fed to the unconsumed products in the most efiective manner to produce final and complete combustion in the combustion-prisms.

p 19 indicate inlets into the pipes or inlets H, &c., from the pipes P, &c.

In practical operation there is produced in the central chamber E of the oven an intense concentration of heat upon the article placed in such chamber, so that a rapid and complete incineration of any animal or vegetable combustible placed therein will result.

In an ordinary cooking-stove or bake-oven one combustion-prism B', as shown in Figs. 5 and 8, is sufiicient for all practical purposes, and this I arrange at the bottom of the oven, with one of thefiat faces uppermost. I also provide beneath and at the side of the fire-box auxiliary oven-chambers 2, communicating with the oven, so that all of the heat both of the first and partial combustion in the fire-box and of the subsequent complete combustion in the prism will be utilized for baking and other purposes. In the stove the top is formed of a single sheet or plate 3 of metal, and cooking can be done on the same. Different degrees of heat will be furnished by different parts of the plate, that over the firebox being the greatest and that over the auxiliary oven-chamber the least. I prefer to make the top of the stove over the fire-box and the auxiliary oven-chamber plain and flat and without openings for kettles. I prefer to use flat-bottom utensils i to sit upon the stove. In addition to this I deem it advisable to use square utensils, as shown in Fig. 7, for heating water or for like purposes for the reason that the greater portion of the heating-surface of the top of the stove can thus be utilized.

The combustion-prism B inside of the stove-oven is arranged with one of its flat sides uppermost, and the articles to be cooked can be placed directly upon the prism or can be held up above by some suitable support.

R indicates a deflecting-plate within the oven above and resting upon the combustionprism to deflect the heat and prevent burning upon the bottom of articles being baked and to provide for more uniform cooking.

S indicates reflectors arranged at the top of the oven to reflect and deflect the heat down upon the articles to be cooked. These have their counterpart in the oblique inside faces of the inclosing prism of the crematory.

T indicates covers to be placed over utensils on the top of the stove while the same are being heated. These covers are open at the bottom and lit upon the top of the stove, thus to retain the heat and insulate the vessels from the outside air.

U indicates a reservoir above the top of the oven for heating water.

V indicates a fine extending under the bottom of the water-reservoir, between it and the oven. This flue connects with the stovepipe or chimney 0.

WV indicates a damper in the stovepipe or chimney above the flue V to turn the draft into the flue.

X indicates a series of prisms in the reservoir, extending from front to rear and com municating with the flue V at its front end and with the stovepipe or chimney above the damper.

Y indicates a damper in the fine V.

Nhen the damper N is open, the draft goes up the stovepipe direct and when the damper Y is open and WV is closed it will cause the draft to pass through the flue beneath the water-rescrvoir and then through the prisms, thus heating the water in the reservoir.

Z indicates a door at the ends of the prisms. I have only shown these appliances attached to the stove, but it is to be understood that they can be applied to the device which is shown as a crematory. The device shown as a crematory is adapted for baking, &c., and where it is thus used the water-heating appliance would be a valuable adjunct.

In practical operation the fire is applied in the fire-box and the fuel ignited, and the partially-consumed products of combustion pass through the contracted opening into the auxiliary combustion chamber, being mingled with air which is admitted at the front end of such chamber. The newly-admitted air and the heated products of the partial combustion become thoroughly intermingled and complete combustion ensues, and theresultant products pass out through the outlet at the other end of the CO1I1bHSl3lO11-Cl1LlI1b61, except that the grcaterportion of the heat is radiated from the combustion-chamber into the oven which contains it. having three triangular combustion-prisms, as shown in Figs. 1 to 4., inclusive, any degree of heat, from a moderate to a very intense heat, depending on the amount of fuel used, can be brought to act upon any object which may be upon the grate to heat, bake, or consume it. In case of cremating human bodies or other substances air will be admitted into the oven through the aininlet N, so that the gases will be carried up through the outlet 0 into the upper prism,thereby being consumed.

7 indicates a hot-air flue leading from the oven in the stove and controlled by a damper 8. This is to serve as a vent, in case it is too hot in the oven, to let the hot air out.

9 indicates a thermometer for indicating the temperature of the oven.

10 is a glass door to enable the cook to observe the processes of cooking taking place inside of the oven.

\Vhen the fire is burning in the fire-box, the draft passes through the contracted inlet into the triangular combustion-prism and on through such prism and strikes against the end thereof and reverberates and eddies and then passes out through the outlet at the other end, producing within the prism an ed dying and a reverberation of the contents of the prism. The reverberation is violent, both endwise and transverse, and there is a more thorough mixin g and mingling of the air, and I believe there is produced a more complete and rapid combustion than can otherwise be accomplished by use of as simple means, and at the same time an intense heat is produced in the incinerating-chamber between the several combustion-chambers, Where the body or other object is placed.

It will be observed that the combustionchambers are arranged in such manner in the oven or heating-space that heat can radiate freely from each side of the prisms and that all this radiated heat can be made effective in heating the oven or other heating-chamber.

It must be understood that direct concentration of the heat at any one point in the co1nbustion-chamber is highly objectionable and will result in only partial combustion of the gases passing through the chamber, since such gases expand when introduced into the chamber and cannot be confined to any especial portion of the chamber, so that if the heat is directly concentrated only a small portion of the gases will be subjected to the concentrated rays, and the greater portion thereof will pass from the chamber unconsumed. Furthermore, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the

In the case of an oven arrangement of the three prism-shaped combustion-chambers produces a fourth combustion-chamber of prism shape, in which the body to be incinerated is centrally arranged and receives the full direct action of the heat radiated from the opposing faces of the prism, as well as the indirect action of the heat ra diated from the other faces of such prism. In addition to this, when the body which is bein g incinerated is brought to excessively high temperature and begins to exhale gases these gases are consumed and tend to produce still greater heat in the incinerating-ahamber, suf- .ficient air to promote combustion being admitted through the air-inlet N.

Now, having described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A stove or furnace provided with a combustion-chamber consisting of a hollow triangular prism.

2. The combination of the fire-box having an air-inlet thereinto; a hollow triangular combustion-prism communicating with such fire-box through a contracted opening in the end of the prism and having a suitable outlet for the products of combustion at the other end of the prism, and an air-inlet into the 5. The combination of the fire-boxhaving an air-inlet thereinto; the three triangular combustion-prisms communicating with the fire-box and arranged with a space between them to form a heating or incinerating chamber and respectively provided with an outlet for the products of combustion; an inclosing case around such prisms; an air-inlet into the heating or incinerating chamber; and an opening communicating between such chamber and the upper combustion-prism.

6. The combination of the fire-box having an air-inlet thereinto; the auxiliary combustion-chambers communicating with the firebox and arranged with a space between them to form a heating or incinerating chamber and respectively provided with an outlet for the products of combustion; an inclosing case around such chambers; an air-inlet into the heating or incinerating chamber; and an opening communicating between such chamber and the upper combustion-chamber.

7. A furnace having between its fire-box and chimney a combustion-chamber which consists of a hollow triangular prism provided in each of its ends with a centrally-arranged circular opening inscribed within a triangle which is approximately one-fourth the crosssectional area of such prism, and which openings communicate respectively with the firebox and chimney.

8. A furnace provided with an incineratingchamber and having therein between its firebox and chimney three combustion-chambers arranged in a triangular figure and each consistin g of a hollow triangular prism provided in its ends respectively with the centrallyarranged circular opening inscribed within a triangle which is approximately one-fourth the cross-sectional area of such prism, and which openings communicate respectively with the fire-box and chimney.

HORACE S. GARE.

Witnesses:

JAMES R. TOWNSEND, R. J AY TARBELL.

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