JPH0952005A - Water purifying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifying apparatus capable of suppressing the lowering of a pump discharge rate of flow caused by the air present in an internal space part. SOLUTION: This water purifying apparatus is equipped with air jet means 37, 40, 42, 44 injecting air into the lifting pipe 33 arranged so as to be opened to the interior of the internal space part 31 of a filter 14 on one side thereof and opened to the outside on the other side thereof to generate air streams in the lifting pipe 33 from one end part thereof to the other end part thereof to generate water streams in a real part 30 from the outside to the internal space part, the communication passage 47 allowing the upper part of the internal space part 31 to communicate with the outside of the filter 14 and the opening and closing means 49 opening and closing the communication passage 47. By opening the communication passage 47 by the opening and closing means 49, the air in the internal space part 31 is discharged to the outside of the filter 14.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to, for example, lakes, marshes, ponds,
The present invention relates to a water purification device for purifying water in dams, reservoirs, reservoirs, rivers, irrigation canals, moats, canals, aquariums, and the like.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART Lakes, ponds, dams, reservoirs, reservoirs, rivers,
2. Description of the Related Art A water purification device for purifying water has been installed as a water pollution countermeasure in a purification target such as an irrigation canal, a moat, a canal, and a water tank. As such a water purification device, a filter having a real part and an internal space part, which is arranged below the water surface,
A pumping pipe arranged so that one side is opened in the internal space of the filter and the other side is opened to the outside of the filter, and a flow of water from the one side to the other side in the pumping pipe by ejecting air into the pumping pipe. It is considered to have an air jetting means for generating water to pump out water from the internal space portion and generate a water flow from the outside to the internal space portion side in the real portion for purification.

[0003]

By the way, in the above water purification apparatus, there is a possibility that the air in the internal space of the filter may remain without being removed when the filter is arranged below the water surface. There is a possibility that the air jetted by the jetting means may leak from the pumping pipe to the internal space portion and accumulate in the internal space portion. When such air exists in the internal space, even if the same amount of air is ejected from the air ejection means into the pumping pipe, the amount of pumped water per unit time pumped from the internal space by the pumping pipe (hereinafter simply referred to as pumping amount). It is expected that a problem that the () will decrease will occur. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the relationship between the ratio H / L of the height H of the layer of air accumulated in the internal space and the height L of the internal space and the pumping amount Q _N of the pumping pipe. Shows the characteristic that the pumped-up amount Q _N decreases proportionally as the ratio H / L increases. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a water purification device that can suppress a decrease in the amount of pumped water caused by air present in the internal space.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, a water purification apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a filter having a real part and an internal space part, which is arranged below the water surface, and the filter. A pumping pipe arranged so that one side is opened in the internal space and the other side is opened to the outside of the filter; and a flow of water from the one side to the other side in the pumping pipe by ejecting air into the pumping pipe. Air jetting means for generating and pumping water from the internal space portion to generate a water flow from the outside to the internal space portion side of the real portion, and a communication for communicating the upper portion of the internal space portion of the filter with the outside of the filter. Aisle,
An opening / closing means for opening / closing the communication passage is provided. Thus, when air is present in the internal space of the filter, when the communication passage that connects the upper portion of the internal space of the filter to the outside of the filter is opened by the opening / closing means, the filter of the filter is opened via the communication passage. The air in the internal space is discharged to the outside of the filter.

[0005] The water purifying apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention comprises:
In addition to the above, an air introducing unit for introducing air into the internal space is provided. Accordingly, the amount of air existing in the internal space can be adjusted by introducing the air into the internal space of the filter by the air introduction unit and discharging the air from the internal space of the filter by the opening / closing unit and the communication passage.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the water purification apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, what is indicated by reference numeral 11 in FIG. 1 is a water purification device. This water purification device 11 is a target 12 for purification such as a pond or lake.
A float 13 for floating in water, a filter cartridge (filter) 14 detachably supported on the lower side of the float 13 and arranged below the water surface 12a, and an upper side of the float 13. And a housing 15 fixed on the water surface 12a.

The filter cartridge 14 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and has an axis extending along the vertical direction when the filter cartridge 14 is suspended below the water surface 12a by the float 13. An outer cylindrical portion (real portion) 19 having a cylindrical shape and a large number of water collecting holes 18 formed on the entire surface, and a large number of inflow holes arranged coaxially inside the outer cylindrical portion 19 are provided. An inner cylindrical portion (real portion) 22 having 21 formed on the entire surface
And a mounting hole 24 having a diameter larger than that of the inner cylindrical portion 22 is formed, and the mounting hole 24 is densely provided in the outer cylindrical portion 19 so as to cover the upper opening of the gap between the outer cylindrical portion 19 and the inner cylindrical portion 22. A closed part (real part) 25 in the form of a perforated disk, and a disk-shaped closure that is tightly provided on the lower end surfaces of the outer cylindrical part 19 and the inner cylindrical part 22 so as to close all these downward openings. Part (real part) 2
7 are provided. It should be noted that these are made of non-corrosive materials such as stainless steel and vinyl chloride, and non-corrosion-treated steel plates.

Then, the closing portions 25 and 27 and the outer cylindrical portion 19
The space between the inner cylindrical portion 22 and the inner cylindrical portion 22 is filled with charcoal as a filter material having a diameter larger than that of the water collection hole 18 and the inflow hole 21, and further, aerobic microorganisms that decompose organic matters are carried and the treatment layer (actually, Part) 30 is formed. A pumping pipe 33 made of vinyl chloride or the like is attached to the attachment hole 24 of the upper closed portion 25.

The pumping pipe 33 has a cylindrical main portion 34.
And a flange portion 35 provided on one end of the main portion 34 so as to project outward in the radial direction, and an outer peripheral portion of the flange portion 35 has an attachment hole 2 for the closing portion 25.
4, and the lower surface of the flange portion 35 is tightly fixed to the inner cylindrical portion 22. As a result, the blocking portion 2
5, 27, the inner cylindrical portion 22, and the inner space portion 31 defined by the flange portion 35 of the pumping pipe 33 are not allowed to communicate to the outside except through the inside of the treatment layer 30 or the pumping pipe 33. . The pumping pipe 33 in the fixed state has a main portion 34 coaxial with the inner cylindrical portion 22 and an outer peripheral surface thereof spaced from the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical portion 22 by a predetermined distance. In addition, on the lower surface side of the flange portion 35, which is inside the inner cylindrical portion 22 by a predetermined amount, a taper portion 36 that is inclined so that the radially inner side is located downward is formed up to the main portion 34.

The pumping pipe 33 has a lower end opening 33a opened slightly above the closing portion 27 in the internal space 31, and an upper end opening 33b is provided outside between the filter cartridge 14 and the float 13. It is opened upward so as to communicate with the opening gap. A cylindrical air ejection pipe (air ejection means) 37 is inserted into the pumping pipe 33 with a gap, and the lower end of the air ejection pipe 37 is the pumping pipe 3
3 is fixed to the flange portion 35 by a support member 39 in a state of being located at a predetermined position slightly above the lower end opening 33a and the upper side extending above the pumping pipe 33, and the upper end of the air jet pipe 37. A pipe (air jetting means, air introducing means) 40 guided to the housing 15 is connected to the section. In the vicinity of the lower end of the air ejection pipe 37, a large number of ejection holes 38 that communicate the inside and the outside are formed. In addition, the pipe 40
Is provided with an electromagnetic switching type three-way valve (air jetting means, air introducing means) 42. The housing 15 has a ventilation hole (not shown) closed with a blind (not shown) or the like so that water cannot easily enter from the outside, and the external power supply 4 is provided inside the ventilation hole.
An air compressor (air jetting means, air introducing means) 44 driven by electric power supplied from 3 is provided, and the air discharge side of the air compressor 44 is connected to the pipe 40.

A through hole 46 is formed in the vertical direction in the flange portion 35 between the taper portion 36 and the inner cylindrical portion 22, and a linear communication pipe 47 is formed in the through hole 46. The end face is made to coincide with the lower surface of the flange portion 35, and the upper portion is projected above the flange portion 35 so as to be fitted and fixed. Here, the inside of the communication pipe 47 forms a communication passage that connects the internal space 31 of the filter cartridge 14 to the outside. In addition, an electromagnetic opening / closing type air vent valve (opening / closing means) 49 for opening / closing the inside of the communication pipe 47 is provided at an intermediate position of the communication pipe 47.

A through hole 51 is formed in the vertical direction on the main portion 34 side of the tapered portion 36, and one end side of an introducing pipe (air introducing means) 52 is fitted and fixed in the through hole 51. ing. The other end of the introduction pipe 52 is connected to a three-way valve 42 provided on the pipe 40. Where the three-way valve 42
Can be switched between a state in which the air compressor 44 is communicated only with the air ejection pipe 37 and a state in which it is communicated only with the introduction pipe 52.

Further, in the flange portion 35 between the tapered portion 36 and the inner cylindrical portion 22, at a position different from the through hole 46,
The water surface 12 inside the internal space 31 facing the internal space 31
An air layer height sensor 53 is embedded which detects the distance to a, that is, the air layer height H in the internal space 31. Further, a temperature sensor 55 is attached to the closed portion 25 above the treatment layer 30 so that the water temperature in the treatment layer 30 can be measured.

A controller 5 is connected to an external power source 43 in the housing 15 and controls power supply to the air compressor 44 and switching of the air vent valve 49 and the three-way valve 42.
7 is provided, and the controller 57 is connected to the air layer height sensor 53 and the temperature sensor 55, and signals are input from these. Further, the controller 57 is connected to the data storage unit 58 and performs control based on the data stored in the data storage unit 58. The float of the water purification device 11 is supported by a rope or a wire (not shown) from the shore so as not to move due to wind or the like.

Next, the operation of the water purification device 11 will be described below with reference to the flow chart shown in FIG. First, when electric power is supplied from the external power supply 43, a predetermined amount of electric power set in advance is supplied to the air compressor 44 to drive the air compressor 44 (step S1), and a time timer provided inside is supplied. t
= 0 is set to start timing (step S2). next,
From the output of the temperature sensor 55, the water temperature T in the treatment layer 30
Is measured (step S3). Then, the purification treatment water flow rate at which the purification treatment efficiency of the aerobic microorganisms at each water temperature T _{1 to} T _n shown in FIG. 3 which is experimentally obtained in advance and stored in the data storage unit 58 is optimum, that is, the optimum pumping by the pumping pipe 33. Referring to the relationship between the quantities Q _{S1 to} Q _Sn (step S4),
Optimal pumping amount Q by the pumping pipe 33 that is most suitable for the measured water temperature T
_{Find S} (step S5).

Then, the air layer height H in the internal space 31 is measured from the output of the air layer height sensor 53 (step S
6), the ratio H / L of the height H of the air layer in the internal space 31 and the height L of the internal space 31 shown in FIG. Referring to the relationship with the pumped water amount Q _N of the pipe 33 (step S7),
The current pumping amount Q _N is obtained (step S8). And
The optimum pumping rate Q _S obtained in steps S5 and S8 is compared with the current pumping rate Q _N (step S9).

The optimum pumping quantity Q _S and the current pumping quantity Q _N
If the difference is within a predetermined predetermined allowable range, it is judged that they are equal to each other, and the three-way valve 42 is brought into a state in which the air compressor 44 and the air jet pipe 37 are communicated with each other, and the air vent valve 49. Is closed (step S
10). Thereby, the height H of the air layer in the internal space 31
Is maintained as it is, the air of the air compressor 44 is supplied to the air ejection pipe 37. Then, the supplied air is ejected from the ejection holes 38 of the air ejection pipe 37, becomes bubbles, and moves from the bottom to the top in the pumping pipe 33. Therefore, an upward water flow is generated in the pumping pipe 33. The water in the internal space 31 is pumped from the lower end opening 33a of the pumping pipe 33 and discharged to the outside from the upper end opening 33b. As a result, the water on the outer side of the filter cartridge 14 is forced to reach the treatment layer 30 from the water collecting holes 18 of the outer cylindrical portion 19 and passes through the treatment layer 30 inward in the radial direction to cause the inner cylindrical portion 22 to pass through. Inflow hole 2
1 to the internal space 31. Then, the processing layer 30
At the time of passage, water is purified by decomposing algae such as water-bloom, organic suspended solids, and soluble organic substances by the aerobic microorganisms carried on the charcoal forming the treatment layer 30. In this way, the water purified in the treatment layer 30 is again discharged from the pumping pipe 33 to the outside, and the purification target 12 is purified by such a circulation of water.

On the other hand, in step S9, when the difference between the optimum pumping quantity Q _S and the current pumping quantity Q _N is outside the predetermined predetermined allowable range, they are not equal, that is, Q _S ≠ Q _N. Then, the magnitude relationship between the optimum pumping quantity Q _S and the current pumping quantity Q _N is judged (step S1).
1).

The current pumped quantity Q _N is the optimum pumped quantity Q _S
If smaller, the air vent valve 49 is opened (step S12). As a result, the air in the internal space 31 is discharged to the outside of the filter cartridge 14 via the communication pipe 47, and the air layer height H in the internal space 31 is reduced. When the current pumped-up amount Q _N is larger than the optimum pumped-up amount Q _S , the three-way valve 42 is brought into a state of connecting the air compressor 44 and the introduction pipe 52 (step S13). As a result, the air of the air compressor 44 is introduced into the internal space 31 of the filter cartridge 14 from the introduction pipe 52, and the height H of the air layer in the internal space 31 is increased.

After performing any one of the steps S10, S12, S13, it is judged whether or not the time timer t exceeds the preset water temperature measurement interval t _T (step S14). If not, step S
Returning to step 6, the processing according to the current air layer height H in the internal space 31 is continuously performed. By repeating this, the height H of the air layer in the internal space 31, that is, the current pumping amount Q _N is optimally adjusted or maintained in an optimal state. On the other hand, if the time timer t exceeds the water temperature measurement interval t _T in step S14, the process returns to step S2.

According to the water purification apparatus described above, the three-way valve 42 introduces air from the air compressor 44 into the internal space 31 of the filter cartridge 14 via the introduction pipe 52, and the air vent valve 49 and the communication pipe. By discharging air from the internal space 31 of the filter cartridge 14 at 47, the amount of air present in the internal space 31 can be adjusted. Therefore, the height H of the air layer, that is, the amount of water pumped by the water pump 33 can be adjusted, and the flow velocity of water passing through the treatment layer 30 of the filter cartridge 14 can be adjusted.
As a result, for example, when the water temperature is low and the activity of aerobic microorganisms becomes dull and the purification treatment capacity decreases as in the winter, the purification treatment is performed by reducing the pumping amount, that is, the flow velocity of water passing through the treatment layer 30. It is possible to make up for the decline in ability over time. Here, the water flow velocity in the treatment layer 30 is, for example, 0.5 to 0.5 in the thickness direction of the treatment layer 30 in order to enhance the efficiency of purification treatment by aerobic microorganisms.
It is set to about 4 cm / min.

In addition, since the amount of air in the internal space 31 is constantly adjusted, for example, when the air compressor 44 is driven intermittently, such as when performing a purification process only during the daytime when water-bloom is likely to occur. It is possible to prevent more than necessary air from accumulating in the internal space 31.

At the lower part of the treatment layer 30, there is provided an air jetting means capable of jetting / stopping the air from the air compressor.
By ejecting air into the treatment layer 30 by the air ejection means, it is possible to vibrate the charcoal that constitutes the treatment layer 30 and generate a water flow around it.
As a result, the aerobic microorganisms carried on the charcoal forming the treatment layer 30 are proliferated by the long-term purification treatment, or the dung after the aerobic microorganisms are decomposed is accumulated in the treatment layer 30 to improve the purification treatment capacity. When it decreases, it is possible to recover the treatment capacity by washing, that is, removing the growth of aerobic microorganisms or dung from the charcoal.

Further, for example, when it is not necessary to consider the change of the water temperature and the optimum flow velocity when passing through the treatment layer 30 can be obtained when the air layer height H is 0, the air layer height sensor 53 can be obtained. When the height H of the air layer in the internal space 31 detected in step 3 reaches a non-negligible predetermined value, the air vent valve 49 may be opened and air may be discharged through the communication pipe 47. Therefore, in this case The three-way valve 42, the introduction pipe 52 and the like are unnecessary, and only the air layer height sensor 53, the air vent valve 49, and the communication pipe 47 may be provided. Further, when only the residual air needs to be removed when the filter cartridge 14 is arranged below the water surface 12a, or when the air is automatically evacuated at predetermined time intervals, the air layer height sensor 53 is not necessary and the air bleeding valve is not necessary. It is sufficient to provide only 49 and the communication pipe 47.

In any of these cases, when air is present in the internal space 31 of the filter cartridge 14, the communication pipe 47 is opened by the air vent valve 49,
The air can be discharged to the outside of the filter cartridge 14, so that the decrease in the amount of pumped water caused by the air present in the internal space 31 can be suppressed, and the decrease in the purification processing capacity can be prevented. Further, since the communication pipe 47 is provided with the air vent valve 49, the communication pipe 47 is
Can be closed except when necessary, so that unnecessary flow of water through the communicating pipe 47 can be prevented during the purification process, and a reduction in the purification process capacity can be prevented.

[0026]

As described in detail above, claim 1 of the present invention
According to the water purification device described above, when air is present in the internal space of the filter, when the communication passage that connects the upper portion of the internal space of the filter to the outside of the filter is opened by the opening / closing means, the communication passage is opened. The air in the internal space of the filter is discharged to the outside of the filter via the. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of pumped water due to the air present in the internal space, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in the purification treatment capacity. In addition, since the communication passage can be closed by the opening / closing means except when necessary, it is possible to prevent the purification processing capacity from being deteriorated due to the existence of the communication passage.

According to the water quality purifying apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, the air is introduced into the internal space of the filter by the air introducing means, and the air is discharged from the internal space of the filter by the opening / closing means and the communication passage. Thereby, the amount of air existing in the internal space can be adjusted. Therefore, the amount of pumped water can be adjusted and the flow velocity of water passing through the real part of the filter can be adjusted. This makes it possible to optimize the flow velocity, for example, in response to changes in water temperature.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment of a water purification device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the control contents of the controller of the embodiment of the water purification device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a chart showing a part of stored data in a data storage unit of one embodiment of the water purification apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is another part of the stored data in the data storage unit according to the embodiment of the water purification device of the present invention, which is a ratio H / of the height H of the air layer and the height L of the internal space portion. It is a characteristic diagram which shows the relationship between L and the pumping amount Q _N of a pump.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Water Purification Device 12a Water Surface 14 Filter Cartridge (Filter) 19 Outer Cylinder Part (Real Part) 22 Inner Cylinder Part (Real Part) 25 Closure Part (Real Part) 27 Closure Part (Real Part) 30 Treatment Layer (Real Part) 31 Internal space 33 Pumping pipe 37 Air jetting pipe (air jetting means) 40 Piping (air jetting means, air introducing means) 42 Three-way valve (air jetting means, air introducing means) 44 Air compressor (air jetting means, air introducing means) ) 47 communication pipe (communication passage) 49 air vent valve (opening / closing means) 52 introduction pipe (air introduction means)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A filter which has a real part and an internal space and is arranged below the water surface, and a pumping pipe arranged so that one side is opened in the internal space of the filter and the other side is opened outside the filter. And by ejecting air into the pumping pipe, a water flow from the one side to the other side is generated in the pumping pipe to pump out water from the internal space part, and from the outer side to the internal space part side of the real part. A water purification device comprising: an air jetting device for generating the water flow of the filter; a communication passage for communicating the upper part of the internal space of the filter with the outside of the filter; and an opening / closing device for opening and closing the communication passage. . 2. The water purification apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising air introducing means for introducing air into the internal space.