JPH094833A - Refuse incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a refuse incinerator which can secure a sufficient combustion time for complete combustion by introducing an unburned gas represented by carbon monoxide and a secondary combustion gas both mixed in a sufficiently blended state into a flue. CONSTITUTION: A refuse incinerator having a stoker type incinerating zone 5 for incinerating refuse with transferring the refuse and a secondary combustion gas supplying system 8 for supplying secondary combustion gas to combustion flame of the refuse in the incinerating zone 5 is further provided with a combustion state detecting system 12 for detecting the state of combustion flame and a gas supply distribution controlling system 13 for controlling on the basis of the combustion state detected by the combustion state detecting system 12 the supply distribution of the secondary combustion gas supplied by the secondary combustion gas supplying system 8.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stoker type incineration zone for incinerating waste while transporting it, and a secondary combustion gas for supplying a secondary combustion gas to the combustion flame of the dust in the incineration zone. The present invention relates to a refuse incinerator equipped with a supply mechanism.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional refuse incinerator, as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of nozzle mechanisms 8a directed toward a combustion center P in the design of the combustion flame of dust in the incineration zone 5 are provided in the incineration zone. 5 is fixedly installed on the ceiling wall W, and the nozzle mechanism 8
Blower fan 8 for supplying air as combustion gas to a
b, the damper mechanism 8d for adjusting the air flow rate is provided to configure the secondary combustion gas supply mechanism 8.

[0003]

Generally, in order to completely burn the unburned gas containing carbon monoxide, oxygen is sufficiently supplied and stirred at a high temperature of several hundreds of degrees, and a sufficient reaction time is secured. The secondary combustion of unburned gas generated in the incineration zone is mainly promoted by the flue formed in the space above the incineration zone, but In order to ensure reaction time, that is,
Unburned gas needs to be mixed with oxygen earlier. However, for example, the combustion state of dust in the incineration zone such as the combustion temperature and the position of the combustion flame generally varies depending on the quality of dust and the amount of dust, and is fixedly installed in one direction as in the past. In the secondary combustion gas supply mechanism configured by the nozzle mechanism, there is a fear that the combustion gas required for the secondary combustion may not be sufficiently supplied to the required portion of the combustion flame. For example, when the combustion flame spreads to the downstream side of the incineration treatment zone, almost no secondary combustion gas is supplied to the downstream flame, which hinders complete combustion. An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks.

[0004]

In order to achieve this object, the features of the refuse incinerator according to the present invention are a stoker-type incineration zone for incinerating waste while transporting it, and combustion of the refuse in the incineration zone. A secondary combustion gas supply mechanism for supplying a secondary combustion gas to the flame is provided, and a combustion state detection mechanism for detecting the state of the combustion flame, and a combustion state detected by the combustion state detection mechanism, based on the above A gas supply distribution adjusting mechanism for adjusting the supply distribution of the secondary combustion gas supplied by the secondary combustion gas supply mechanism is provided. In the above-mentioned configuration, the secondary combustion gas supply mechanism is provided with a nozzle mechanism that supplies the secondary combustion gas to different regions along the transport direction of dust, and the gas supply distribution adjustment mechanism is It is preferable that the nozzle mechanism is composed of a damper mechanism for adjusting the ejection amount of the secondary combustion gas. Further, it is preferable that the gas supply distribution adjusting mechanism is adjusted so that the supply amount of the secondary combustion gas is supplied to the central portion of the combustion flame more thickly than the peripheral portion thereof.

[0005]

The gas supply distribution adjusting mechanism adjusts the supply distribution of the secondary combustion gas supplied by the secondary combustion gas supply mechanism based on the combustion state detected by the combustion state detecting mechanism to obtain a true value. We will focus on supplying the necessary parts to A nozzle mechanism that supplies secondary combustion gas to different areas along the direction of transport of dust, for example, a plurality of nozzles that are directed to different areas can be fixed or the direction of a single nozzle can be changed to different areas. If it is configured on the basis of the combustion state detected by the combustion state detection mechanism, the damper mechanism is adjusted so that the gas is primarily supplied to the truly necessary place, and the injection amount of the secondary combustion gas is adjusted. By doing so, the mixing of the unburned gas and the secondary combustion gas is promoted. Further, the gas supply distribution adjusting mechanism supplies the supply amount of the secondary combustion gas to the central portion where the unburned gas generation amount is larger than the peripheral portion of the combustion flame where the unburned gas generation amount is smaller than the peripheral portion of the combustion flame. Thus, the mixing of the unburned gas and the secondary combustion gas is promoted as a whole.

[0006]

According to the present invention, the unburned gas typified by carbon monoxide and the secondary combustion gas are introduced into the flue in a sufficiently mixed state, so that the flue can be made long. It is now possible to provide a refuse incinerator that can secure a sufficient combustion time for complete combustion.

[0007]

EXAMPLES Examples will be described below. As shown in FIG. 1, the refuse incinerator includes a combustion chamber 1 for incinerating the refuse, a dust hopper 2 having a hydraulically driven pusher mechanism 3 for pushing the dust into the combustion chamber 1, and a bottom of the combustion hopper 2. Room 1
The ash pit 4 and the like for collecting the ash that has been incinerated in the above are provided.

The combustion chamber 1 has a drying zone A for drying the introduced dust and heating it to a temperature near the ignition point, a combustion zone B for burning the dried dust, and a post-combustion zone C for ashing the dust. A stoker-type incineration treatment zone 5 arranged in a staircase below, and an air supply mechanism 6 for supplying air supplied by a blower fan 6b from a wind box 6a separately provided below them as primary combustion air. It is prepared for this purpose. The dry zone A, the combustion zone B, and the post-combustion zone C are each configured by alternately arranging a fixed grate and a movable grate along the direction of transport of dust, and the grate is alternately arranged. It becomes a stoker mechanism that stirs and conveys dust by relative movement in the direction. Further, combustion control means (not shown), which is a computer or the like, is provided for adjusting the transport speed of dust by the pusher mechanism 3 and the stoker mechanism or the amount of air supplied from the air supply mechanism 6 for stable combustion. .

In the upper part of the combustion chamber 1 and in the space above the combustion zone B, there is formed a flue 7 which serves as a secondary combustion chamber for completely burning the unburned gas produced in the incineration zone 5. There, a waste heat boiler 9 is provided on the downstream side of the flue 7 to take out the heat energy in the exhaust gas in the form of steam and supply it to a power generator 10 composed of a steam turbine and a generator, while the exhaust gas is finally converted into electricity. Dust and harmful gas are removed by the exhaust gas treatment facility 11 including a dust collector and the like, and the dust is exhausted from the chimney.

The upper wall surface W of the combustion chamber 1 is supplied with air as a secondary combustion gas for the combustion flame of dust in the incineration zone 5 to promote complete combustion in the flue 7. A combustion gas supply mechanism 8 and a temperature sensor as a combustion state detection mechanism 12 for detecting the state of the combustion flame in the combustion zone B are provided, and the combustion state detection mechanism 1 is provided.
A gas supply distribution adjusting mechanism 13 for adjusting the supply distribution of the secondary combustion gas supplied by the secondary combustion gas supply mechanism 8 is provided based on the combustion state detected by 2. More specifically, the secondary combustion gas supply mechanism 8 includes a nozzle mechanism 8a for supplying air as a secondary combustion gas to different regions along the direction in which the dust is conveyed, and a secondary combustion gas for the nozzle mechanism 8a. The gas supply distribution adjusting mechanism 1 comprises a blower fan 8b for supplying gas and an air blow passage 8c.
3 is interposed in the air passage 8c, and the nozzle mechanism 8a
It is composed of a damper mechanism that adjusts the amount of secondary combustion gas ejected from. Here, as the secondary combustion gas, in addition to air, oxygen-enriched air through an oxygen-enriched film or the like,
Exhaust gas from a combustion type superheater provided externally for heating the steam generated in the waste heat boiler 9 or combustion gas (FGR) can be used. Especially, when the latter two are used, low oxygen is generated because of low oxygen. Can be realized. The combustion state detection mechanism 12 is provided with a plurality of thermocouples, which are temperature sensors, projecting from the upper wall surface W along the direction in which dust is conveyed by the incineration zone 5, and is measured by each thermocouple. The center portion of the combustion flame in the combustion zone B is specified from the temperature distribution. That is, the central portion of the mountain portion of the temperature distribution represented along the direction of transport of dust is specified as the combustion center, the combustion strength is grasped from the height of the mountain portion, and the spread condition of the skirt of the mountain portion is narrow. Sometimes it is understood that the combustion is strong locally, and when the hem of the mountain is wide, the combustion is wide. The gas supply distribution adjusting mechanism 13 adjusts the damper mechanism so that the supply amount of the secondary combustion gas toward the central portion of the combustion flame detected by the combustion state detecting mechanism 12 is the peripheral portion of the combustion flame. The secondary combustion gas is effectively supplied by adjusting so that the secondary combustion gas is supplied thicker.

As an example of the structure of the nozzle mechanism 8a, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of nozzles can be freely hydraulically driven on the upper wall surface W along the width direction of the incineration zone 5. The secondary combustion gas can be supplied from the upstream side to the downstream side of the combustion zone B by rotating the nozzle. Then, the gas supply distribution adjusting mechanism 13 rotates the nozzle of the nozzle mechanism 8a and rotates the nozzle so that the opening degree of the damper mechanism is maximized when the nozzle mechanism 8a faces the center of the combustion flame. It is composed of a computer-based control device that interlocks the opening degree of the damper mechanism. Furthermore, in the configuration example of the nozzle mechanism 8a described above, the gas supply distribution adjusting mechanism 13 is used.
The number of nozzles of the plurality of nozzles of the nozzle mechanism 8a is fixed toward the central portion of the combustion flame, and the other nozzles are dispersed and fixed to the peripheral portion of the combustion flame to fix the opening degree of the damper mechanism. It is possible to achieve the intended purpose while keeping it constant. In addition, a plurality of nozzles of the nozzle mechanism 8a are fixed by rotating the nozzle so as to be evenly distributed in the front and back with respect to the center of the combustion flame, and the opening of the damper mechanism connected to the nozzle facing the center of the combustion flame is maximized. The intended purpose can also be achieved by setting the opening degree of the damper mechanism to be smaller toward the peripheral portion. That is, the followability can be improved by rotating the nozzle in accordance with the movement of the central portion of the combustion flame.

As another configuration example of the nozzle mechanism 8a, a plurality of nozzles may be provided on the upper wall surface W along the width direction of the incineration zone 5 if the angles are different from the upstream side to the downstream side of the combustion zone B. Alternatively, the nozzles may be fixedly installed, and as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of nozzles are dispersedly installed on the upper wall surface W along the direction in which dust is conveyed by the incineration zone 5. It may be one that does. In this case, the gas supply distribution adjusting mechanism 13 maximizes the opening degree of the damper mechanism connected to the nozzle facing the central portion of the combustion flame, and sets the opening degree of the damper mechanism smaller toward the peripheral portion. In the above embodiment, the case where the plurality of temperature sensors are arranged along the upper wall surface W to obtain the combustion center has been described. However, a single temperature sensor 7 is provided at the center of the upper wall surface W to set the combustion center. It may be what you want. in this case,
As shown in FIG. 4, a certain correlation was found between the burn-out position of the combustion flame measured by the infrared camera and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, and it was found that the combustion center was found by the single temperature sensor. are doing.

It should be noted that reference numerals are given in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structures of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a garbage incinerator.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part showing another embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part showing another embodiment.

[Figure 4] Characteristic diagram

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 5 Incineration treatment zone 8 Secondary combustion gas supply mechanism 12 Combustion state detection mechanism 13 Gas supply distribution adjustment mechanism

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location F23G 5/16 ZAB F23G 5/16 ZABB

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A stoker-type incineration treatment zone (5) for incinerating waste while transporting it, and a secondary combustion gas for supplying a secondary combustion gas to the combustion flame of the dust in the incineration treatment zone (5). A garbage incinerator having a supply mechanism (8), comprising a combustion state detection mechanism (1) for detecting the state of the combustion flame.
2) and a gas supply for adjusting the supply distribution of the secondary combustion gas supplied by the secondary combustion gas supply mechanism (8) based on the combustion state detected by the combustion state detection mechanism (12). A refuse incinerator with a distribution control mechanism (13). 2. The secondary combustion gas supply mechanism (8),
A nozzle mechanism (8a) for supplying the secondary combustion gas to different regions along the direction of conveyance of dust is provided, and the gas supply distribution adjusting mechanism (13) is provided for the nozzle mechanism (8a).
The waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the waste incinerator comprises a damper mechanism for adjusting the amount of secondary combustion gas ejected from the inside. 3. The gas supply distribution adjusting mechanism (13) comprises:
The refuse incinerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the supply amount of the secondary combustion gas is adjusted so as to be supplied to the central portion of the combustion flame thicker than the peripheral portion thereof.