JPH09327801A - Control device of woodworking router working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform the cutting work of a plurality of work shapes by a turret system not mounting and replacing a cutter. SOLUTION: A flat cutter 20, a dovetail cutter 21, a sickle cutter 21 and a plate thickness detection part 23 are incorporated in a turret head 24 and, in order to perform working at every one process by the respective cutters by sensing the height of a material, fundamental working route data at every plural working shapes are preliminarily stored in an ROM. The fundamental working route date are transferred to an RAM corresponding to the content inputted and designated from an operation part 32 and a plurality of kinds of work conditions and the coordinates value and speed of the working routes at every cutters are edited and processed by an operational processing part.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control device for a turret type router for woodworking machine having a plurality of cutters.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional technique is shown in FIGS. In the conventional woodworking router machine, a vise 101 for cutting the end surface of the material 115 is provided on the base 100 on the front side of the main body, and vices 102, 103 for cutting the side surface of the material 115.
Are arranged on the left and right sides of the main body. A column 104 is erected on the rear portion of the base 100, and an elevating motor 105 is provided on the upper portion of the column 104, and an elevating member 107 is screw-fitted to an elevating screw 106 which is vertically provided downward from the elevating motor 105. Is the rail 1 attached to the front of the column 104
08 as a guide to drive the lifting screw 105 by driving the lifting motor 105.
6 to move in the Y direction (vertical direction). Lifting member 1
07 is provided with a rail 109 on the front surface thereof, and a head 110 is provided with the rail 109 as a guide. The head 110 is guided by a screw 112 directly connected to a head moving motor 111 provided on an elevating member 107 and is moved in the X direction (left and right direction). Moving.
A cutter driving motor 113 is provided at the center of the elevating member 107.
Is provided, and a cutter 114 is mounted on the shaft. The cutter 114 required the same number of dedicated cutters as the types of machining shapes.

[0003]

With a special cutter in which blades are combined according to the machining shape, a predetermined mortise can be cut by generating machining path data only once. To use this special cutter, As the cutter driving motor 113, a large motor having an output of 3.7 kw or more is required.

There is a type in which a predetermined mortise process can be performed by dividing the process performed by the dedicated cutter into process elements and processing each step with each cutter such as a flat cutter, an ant cutter, and a cutter cutter. If each cutter is processed one step at a time, a cutter driving motor with an output of about 1.5 Kw is sufficient, and a small and economical product can be realized.

However, if each cutter is machined one step at a time, it is necessary to edit the coordinate values in association with the machining paths of each cutter in response to an input instruction from the operation unit. It has not been commercialized because there are problems that the editing contents become complicated and the editing processing time becomes long.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to generate machining path data for performing position control while exchanging cutters of a turret head equipped with a plurality of cutters according to machining shapes. , To the numerical control unit.

[0007]

The above object is to store basic machining path data for each of a plurality of machining shapes in advance in a ROM, and input contents from the operation unit and the turret head 1 when the turret head descends. The height of the material can be calculated by using the plate thickness detection unit that is provided for each cutter, and the material height can be calculated. The basic processing path data is transferred to the RAM according to multiple processing conditions, and the arithmetic processing unit for each cutter. It is achieved by editing the coordinate value and the speed value of the machining path.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Figure 1 is a front view of a woodworking router machine,
2 is a right side view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a plan view of a turret head, FIG. 4 is a detailed view of a plate thickness detection unit, and FIG. 5 is a detailed view of an operation unit for inputting a processing content.

In the figure, a vise 2 for fixing the end surface of the material 27 on the base 1 is fixed to the side surface of the main body, and a vise 3 for fixing the side surface of the material 27 is fixed.
4 are arranged on the left and right sides of the main body.

In FIG. 2, a plurality of sliding rails 5 are erected on the rear side of the base 1 (right side in FIG. 2), and one end of a Y-axis screw 6 is erected on the base 1 so as to be Y-axis. A female screw 8 passing through the screw 6 and the Y-axis frame 7 is screw-fitted, and the Y-axis screw 6 is rotationally driven by a Y-axis servomotor 9 via a gear 10 to move the Y-axis frame 7 to the sliding rail 5. It is configured to be able to move in the Y direction (up and down direction) as guidance.

An X-axis screw 13 and an X-axis frame 14, which are guided by two sliding rails 11 at the upper part of the Y-axis frame 7 and are driven to rotate by an X-axis servomotor 12 fixed to the Y-axis frame 7. By fitting and rotating the X-axis screw 13, the X-axis frame 14 can be moved in the X direction (left-right direction) in FIG. On the upper part of the X-axis frame 14, a Z-axis screw 17 and a Z-axis frame 18, which are rotationally driven by a Z-axis servo motor 16 fixed on the X-axis frame 14 with two sliding rails 15 as guides, are fitted. By rotating the Z-axis screw 17, the Z-axis frame 18 can be moved in the front-back direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 2).

A cutter driving motor 19 is built in the Z-axis frame 18, and a plurality of cutting cutters (a flat cutter 20, an ally cutter 2) shown in FIG.
1. A turret head 24 having a plate thickness detector 23 for detecting the height of the material 27 shown in FIG. 4 is provided horizontally. An arcuate rack 25 is fixed to the bottom of the turret head 24, and the turret head 24 is mounted on the turret drive motor 2 via the rack 25.
It is rotated by 6. Hereinafter, the rotation axis of this turret is referred to as the B axis. The cutter 2 is provided on the side surface of the turret head 24.
Protrusions corresponding to the positions of 0 to 22 and the plate thickness detection unit 23 are provided so that they can be sensed by a B-axis position detection switch (not shown).

Therefore, the turret head 24 can be rotated to a desired position by the turret drive motor 26 to direct one of the plate thickness detecting section 23 and the cutters 20 to 22 to the front. The X-axis servomotor 12, the Y-axis servomotor 9, and the Z-axis servomotor 16 are driven by transferring the coordinate data of the machining path edited by the arithmetic processing unit 53 to the numerical control unit 54, and the turret head 24 is moved. You can move to any position.

The plate thickness detecting section 23 has a structure in which a plate thickness detecting lever 28 swings up and down with a pin 29 as a fulcrum. When the plate thickness detection lever 28 contacts the upper surface of the material 27 and is pushed up when the turret head 24 is lowered, the shaft 30 moves up and the plate thickness detection switch 31 operates. When the operation of the plate thickness detection switch 31 is sensed, the Y-direction coordinate value Yk of the turret head 24 is read. At this time, since the position where the plate thickness detection switch 31 operates is arranged lower than the axial center of the cutters 20 to 22 in advance, the height Hm of the material 27 can be calculated by subtracting the difference Hk from the coordinate value Yk. Can be calculated.

Next, the operation contents will be described using the operation unit 32 shown in FIG. The home return 33 is a switch for performing home return so that the position of the turret head 24 can be recognized after the power switch is turned on.
Is returned to the origin in the order of the predetermined Y-axis, X-axis, Z-axis, and B-axis to determine the coordinates.

The machining shape 34 is a switch for selecting the machining shape shown in FIG. It can be arbitrarily selected without replacing the blade. The machining depth 35 is a switch for selecting the machining depth Hf from the upper surface of the material 27, and the material width 36 is for instructing the width of the material 27. The coordinate values of the machining path for chamfering and cutting, which will be described later, are edited. Used when doing. Chamfer 37
Is uneven when the end surface of the material 27 is uneven,
As shown in, the switch is a switch for selecting whether to flatten the end face by cutting the flat cutter 20 by a certain amount Zm (for example, about 5 to 10 mm).

When the material 38 is machined into a male shape, the cut-out 38 is left uncut under the tenon as shown in FIG. 9 depending on processing conditions such as the height Hm and the processing depth Hf of the material 27. Occurs. A switch for selecting whether or not to automatically cut the uncut portion. The male correction amount 39 is an adjustment amount Hr for increasing or decreasing the tenon width W of the male machining of the machining shape.
This is a changeover switch for selecting (-0.8 to +0.8 mm in this embodiment).

The automatic / manual 39 is a switch for switching between the automatic mode and the manual mode.
The turret head 24 can be moved in the up / down, left / right, and front / rear directions with the switches 1, 1, 42, left 43, right 44, front 45, and rear 46. Also, the cutter rotation / stop 4
Reference numeral 7 is a switch for rotating and stopping the cutters when the cutters 20 to 22 are in front of the turret head 24.

The turret head rotation 48 rotates the turret head 24 by 90 degrees each time it is pressed, and is used when either the cutters 20 to 22 or the plate thickness detecting portion 23 is directed to the front of the main body.

The offset tenon 49 is used when the tenon is processed at a position displaced from the center of the material 27 in the width direction. This is a switch for recognizing the machining center at the position where the turret head 24 has been moved to the left or right by the switch on the left 43 and the right 44, except when machining a large dovetail knife. Further, when the material 27 is bent during the knives machining of the large dovetail, the side mortise 49 needs to align the reference position of the turret head 24 with the black line attached to the surface of the material 27. In this case, it is also a switch for recognizing the distance Zh by which the turret head 24 is moved in the front-rear direction by the front 45 and rear 46 switches.

In operation 50, the machining shape 34, the machining depth 35,
Material width 36, chamfer 37, cut-off 38, male correction amount 3
9, a switch for starting predetermined machining based on the selection conditions of each switch of the tenon 49. The temporary stop 51 is a switch for temporarily interrupting the up, down, left, right, front, and rear movements of the turret head 24 during operation to check the processing status. To restart from this state, press run 50. The speed switching 52 switches the processing speed in several steps by the cutter, and the speed value is set in advance in the processing path, but it can be adjusted depending on the finishing degree of cutting and the softness or hardness of the material. This is a switch for editing the speed value.

The control block diagram shown in FIG. 6 will be described. The arithmetic processing unit 53 receives the input instruction content of each switch of the operation unit 32 and the signals from the plate thickness detection switch 31 and the B-axis position detection switch 33, edits the coordinate values and speed values of the machining path, and then performs numerical control. The coordinate value and the speed value are transferred to the unit 54. Servo motors 12, 9, 16 from the numerical controller 54 via the X-, Y-, Z-axis drivers 55-57.
Control. The amount of movement is coordinated by inputting a signal from the encoder of each axis to the numerical control unit 54 and counting it. The arithmetic processing unit 53 also performs control for stopping rotation of the turret head driving motor 26 and the cutter driving motor 19 via the relay 58.

Next, with reference to FIG. 7, six types of processing for machining with this machine, that is, male and female processing for large dovetails, stools and stools, will be described. The order of machining with each cutter is preset for each machining shape, except for the male machining of the sitting sham, (1) face milling, (2) first machining,
There are four steps: (3) cutting off, and (4) second processing. Since there are many processing contents of male processing of sitting sickle, as shown in Fig. 7 (1)
It is necessary from face milling to (9) fifth machining. Among them, “face cutting” and “cutting off” can be selected by the switches 37 and 38 of the operation unit 32.

The upper left alphanumeric character in the frame of FIG. 7 indicates the number of the basic machining route which predefines the cutter route for each machining order of each machining shape. The data of this basic machining path is collected in one block of the cutter to be used, rotation / stop of the cutter, numerical control code, X coordinate, Y coordinate, Z coordinate, arc center coordinate, and moving speed instruction value, Basic data is created so that one processing content is completed by connecting blocks. The coordinate values are mortise dimensions (tenon width W, machining depth Hf) that are generally used for woodworking, and basic machining path data is material height of 4 inches, machining depth of 1.5 inches, and no chamfering. The basic data of the coordinate values is constructed under the processing conditions of no cutting, no mortise and no male correction amount. The data is stored in the ROM with the number of the machining path. The basic machining path data written in the ROM is machined based on the machining conditions input from the operation unit 32 and the measured material height Hm as shown in FIG. The X, Y, Z coordinate values and speed values are edited according to the shape.

The machining paths M1 to M3 for chamfering in FIG. 7 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 8A, the end surface of the material 27 is uniformly processed by the flat cutter 20, and is determined by the diameter D of the flat cutter 20 and the material width Xw. For example, if D = 70 mm, the material width is 4 inches. (121.2m
In the description of m) and below, as shown in FIG. 8B, the machining path M1 is defined as a process of shifting the material 27 to the left and right from the center by a (30 mm) and cutting up and down twice. 4.5 inch (136.6m
In the above process, the machining path M2 is defined as a process of vertically moving three times while shifting the center of the material 27 by b (60 mm) as shown in FIG. 8C. In the case of knives processing of large dovetail, according to the input instruction of the material width 36,
The chamfering amount Zs of the side surface shown in is changed. Further, in order to make the width of the chamfered constant, the processing for cutting while shifting the material 27 to the left and right from the center of the material 27 as shown in FIG.

The cut-off machining paths K1 and K2 shown in FIG. 7 will be described with reference to FIG. When the material 27 is high and the working depth is small as shown in FIG. 9A, uncut residue occurs. FIG. 9B shows the case where the material width Xw is 4 dimensions or less and the machining path K
1 and FIG. 9C shows a machining path when the material width Xw is 4.5 or more.

Next, the operation of the main body will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to the flowchart of. 10 is a main flowchart, FIG. 11 is a manual flowchart, and FIG.
It is a flowchart at the time of 2 of automatic. In FIG. 10, the origin return is completed after the power is turned on, and the process branches automatically and manually. In the case of manual operation, as shown in FIG. 11, turret head rotation 48, cutter rotation / stop 47, upper 41, lower 42, left 4
The turret head 24 is moved or stopped in the B-, X-, Y-, and Z-axis directions according to the operation of each of the switches 3, 3, right 45, front 45, and rear 46.

In the automatic case, as shown in FIG. 12, the processing conditions are set according to the input instruction from the operation unit 32.
Depending on the processing conditions, as shown in FIG.
It is set in advance to perform the processing. For example, in the case of male processing of large insertion dovetails, face cutting (flat cutter 20), first processing (flat cutter 20), cutting (flat cutter 20), second processing (anterior cutter 21) are performed in this order. become.
When the operation 50 is turned on (S31), it is confirmed that the plate thickness detection unit 23 is in front of the turret head 24, and it is lowered, and the upper surface of the material 27 is sensed (S32) by the method described in FIG. , The material height Hm is calculated (S33).

When the chamfering (S34) is selected, according to the flow chart shown in FIG. 14, when the width is less than 4 inches (S70), the machining path K1 (S71) is exceeded, and when the width exceeds 4 inches, the machining is performed. As the route K2 (S72), FIG.
The items 1, 2, and 10 are edited, and the edited coordinate value and speed value are transferred to the numerical controller 54 to perform a predetermined cutting process.
(S35)

Next, the first part of the automatic flow chart of FIG.
In the processing (S36), processing paths 1 to 6 are performed according to the processing shape.
Then, the items 1 to 5 and items 7, 8, and 10 in FIG. 16 are edited and transferred to the numerical control unit 54 as described above, and the flat cutter 2 is operated.
It is processed into a predetermined size by 0. Next, in the cutout (S37) of the automatic flow chart of FIG. 12, the presence or absence of uncut portion is determined by the following formula when the processing shape is male processing as shown in the cutout determination flow chart of FIG.
When the processing depth Hf, the material width Xw, the tenon width W, the outer diameter D of the flat cutter 20, the movement amount Xh of the tenon near the left and right, and the material height Hm are set, when the stool dowel and the stool are male processed,

[0031]

[Equation 1] In the case of male processing of a large insertion dovetail, since the stool has a flat portion Xa, the following formula is obtained.

[Equation 2]

Since the cut-off processing is performed by returning from the position where the previous first processing is finished to the direction shown in FIGS. 9B and 9C, when the cut-off processing is finished, the next second processing is performed. Since the start position is the left-right reversed position in the X direction, it is not possible to perform machining using the X coordinate value of the second machining when there is no cutoff. Therefore, when cutting off, editing is performed by inverting the sign of the X coordinate of the next machining path.

When an instruction to input the uncut portion is given, it is judged whether or not the material width is 4 dimensions or less (S85), and the processing paths K1 to K6 (S86, S87) are set according to the processing shape.
1-5, 7, 8 and 10 are edited, and the numerical control unit 5
4, and the flat cutter 20 processes the uncut portion.

Even if there is an uncut portion, cutting processing is not performed if there is no input instruction for cutting. Even when there is an instruction to cut off, when it is judged that there is no uncut left,
The following processing is done.

After the cutting (S38) processing is completed, the flat cutter 20 is used when the stool is male processed (S39).
In the second process (S40), and in other cases,
The second processing is performed by the alicutter 21 (S48). As shown in FIG. 7, processing paths 7 to 12 are set according to the processing shape, and
The items 1 to 5, 7, 8, and 10 of 6 are edited, transferred to the numerical control unit 54, and subjected to predetermined processing by the flat cutter 20 or the ari cutter 21.

After the second processing is completed, the second cutting (S41) is performed in the same manner as the previous time (S37) only when the stool is malely processed. In the third processing (S43), the processing path 13 is edited, items 1 to 4, 7 to 10 in FIG. 16 are edited and transferred to the numerical controller 54 to be processed by the flat cutter 20.

After the third processing, the third cutting off (S41)
Is performed in the same manner as the previous time (S37). Next, in the fourth processing (S46) in FIG. 12, the processing path 14 is set, and the processing paths 1 to 4 in FIG.
The items 7 to 10 are edited, transferred to the numerical control unit 54, and the flat cutter 20 is used to process the neck of the hammer.

Next, in the fifth machining (S47), the final machining path 15 is set, and the editing of 1 to 4, 7 to 10 in FIG. 16 is performed, and the editing is transferred to the numerical controller 54 and the hammer portion is cut by the hammer cutter 22. To process.

[0039]

According to the present invention, a flat cutter, an ari cutter, a cutter cutter, and a plate thickness detecting unit are incorporated in a turret head, and the height of the material is sensed to allow each cutter to process one step at a time. The basic machining path data divided for each process is stored in advance in the ROM, the editing items of the machining path are determined in advance according to the contents input from the operation unit, and the machining path data is transferred to the RAM to be X, Y. , X
Since the coordinates and speed values are edited, it is possible to make a small and economical product that can process a plurality of machining shapes without removing the cutter.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a woodworking router processing board showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side view, partially in section, of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a turret head.

FIG. 4 is a detailed view of a plate thickness detection unit.

FIG. 5 is a detailed view of an operation unit.

FIG. 6 is a control block diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a processing order of each processing shape.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a machining path for chamfering.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a machining path for cutting off.

FIG. 10 is a main flowchart diagram.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a manual operation.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart of the automatic state.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of processing condition setting.

FIG. 14 is a flow chart of chamfering.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing cutoff determination and processing.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing coordinate data edit items of a machining path.

FIG. 17 is a front view of a conventional woodworking router processing board.

FIG. 18 is a right side view, partly in section, of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 20: Flat cutter, 21: Ali cutter, 22: Kama cutter, 23: Plate thickness detector, 24: Turret head, 27
Material 32, operation unit 53, arithmetic processing unit 54, numerical control unit.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takashi Nakazawa 1060 Takeda, Hitachinaka City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsumi Kumagai 1060 Takeda, Hitachinaka City, Ibaraki Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shinichi Hashimoto 1060 Takeda, Hitachinaka City, Ibaraki, Hitachi Koki Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hirofumi Hanawa, 1060 Takeda, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki Hitachi Koki Engineering Co., Ltd.

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A vise device for supporting a material on a base, a turret head rotatably supporting several types of processing cutters above the base, and the turret head mounted on a frame supporting the turret head. A motor for rotating and a cutter driving motor for driving the cutter are provided, and a power transmission unit for transmitting the power of the cutter driving motor to the cutter is provided for each cutter.
A numerical control unit, a servo motor, and a stepping motor that have a guide member that supports the turret head so that it can move vertically, horizontally, and longitudinally and that can move in vertical, lateral, and longitudinal directions while recognizing the current position. Predetermined "machining shape" and "machining depth" in the provided woodworking router machining board
An operation unit for inputting and instructing selection conditions such as "material width", "face cutting", "cutting off", "closer mortise", "male correction", and "speed switching".
The input instruction contents from the operation unit and the machining path data divided for each cutter using the machining contents of each machining shape are preliminarily R
The material processing height data stored in the OM and the material height H in response to the signal that the material upper surface is sensed by the plate thickness detection unit arranged in the turret head when the turret head is lowered
A woodworking router machining board having an arithmetic processing unit for transferring the coordinate value and speed value of the basic machining path data to the RAM based on the calculated value of m and editing the data, and transferring the machining data to the numerical control unit. Control device. 2. The woodworking machine according to claim 1, further comprising an arithmetic processing unit that regulates a rotation height Ht of the turret head to a height equal to or higher than a sum of the calculated material height Hm and a constant value Ha. Control device for router processing board. 3. The woodworking router machining according to claim 1, further comprising an arithmetic processing unit for generating coordinates of a machining path based on the “machining depth” input instruction Hf with the material height Hm as a reference. Panel control device. 4. When there is an instruction to input the "close tenon", a horizontal movement amount Xh and a front-back movement amount Zh suitable for the "machining shape" input instruction are taken in and the machining path coordinate values are edited. The control device for the woodworking router machining board according to claim 1, further comprising an arithmetic processing unit that performs the above. 5. When the "machining shape" input instruction is a large dovetail knives machining, the machining path Zs is selected by selecting the chamfering amount Zs of the side surface of the material based on the "material width" input instruction value Xw. 2. The control device for a woodworking router machining board according to claim 1, further comprising an arithmetic processing unit for editing the coordinate values of the above. 6. If there is an instruction to input the “face cut”,
2. An arithmetic processing unit that edits the coordinate value of a processing path that moves the turret head in the forward direction in order to cut a certain amount Zm of an uneven material end portion that has unevenness. A control device for a router processing board for woodworking. 7. When the "male correction" input instruction is other than 0, the arithmetic processing unit edits the tenon width W of the basic machining path into coordinate values for increasing or decreasing based on the instruction value Xr. The control device for a woodworking router processing board according to claim 1. 8. When the “cut off” input instruction is given,
2. The control device for the woodworking router machining board according to claim 1, further comprising an arithmetic processing unit for performing an edit for changing the signs of the coordinate values in the leftward and rightward directions of the second processing or the third processing of the next processing. 9. Based on the “machining shape” input instruction,
9. The control device for a woodworking router machining board according to claim 1, 6 or 8, further comprising an arithmetic processing unit having a function of determining whether or not to input "face cut" and "cut off". 10. The control device for a woodworking router machining board according to claim 1, further comprising an arithmetic processing unit that switches machining speeds for each machining path according to the "speed switching" input instruction value. 11. When the “cut-off” input instruction is given, the calculated material height Hm, processing depth Hf, and material width X are calculated.
The arithmetic processing unit having a function of calculating and determining the presence or absence of the uncut portion based on the conditions of w, the tenon width W, the amount of shift of the tenon Xh, and the male correction Xr.
A control device for a woodworking router processing board according to 4, 7, 8 or 10.