JPH09319372A - Device and method for automatic accompaniment of electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automatic accompaniment device and a method capable of solving the monotony of automatic accompaniment independently of a small data volume and executing automatic accompaniment with a feeling of a musical composition or automatic accompaniment with a plentiful presence by an elec tronic musical instrument. SOLUTION: The automatic accompaniment device includes a 1st memory 17 storing (k) pattern data and a 2nd memory 17 storing only one pattern data, a group of reading means 10 to 12 read out (m) pattern data extracted at random from the 1st memory 17 and read out (n) pattern data extracted at random from the 2nd memory 17 and a group of automatic accompaniment means 10 to 12, 18 to 21 automatically generates an accompaniment sound based on the read pattern data. The accompaniment sound is generated by probability based on probability data included in note data out of the pattern data. The volume of the accompaniment sound is changed by probability based on volume variation probability data included in the note data.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument that automatically generates an accompaniment sound, and more particularly to a technique for providing a variation in the generation of an accompaniment sound.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recent electronic keyboards, electronic organs,
Most electronic musical instruments such as an electronic piano have an automatic accompaniment device built therein. This automatic accompaniment device automatically generates an accompaniment sound in accordance with pre-stored accompaniment data. The performer can enjoy the performance by playing, for example, a melody with the accompaniment sound as a background.

Such an automatic accompaniment apparatus is provided with an automatic accompaniment pattern data memory (hereinafter, simply referred to as "pattern memory"), which is composed of a read-only memory (hereinafter, simply referred to as "ROM"). In this pattern memory,
Automatic accompaniment pattern data (hereinafter, simply referred to as "pattern data") composed of phrases of one measure to several measures is stored for each rhythm type. When the user selects a rhythm and starts the automatic accompaniment, the control unit of the automatic accompaniment apparatus repeatedly reads the pattern data of the selected rhythm from the pattern memory and generates an accompaniment sound based on the pattern data. .

[0004]

By the way, the conventional automatic accompaniment apparatus of this kind repeatedly reads out the pattern data of the selected rhythm from the pattern memory and generates an accompaniment sound based on the read out pattern data. Just do. Therefore, there is a problem that the accompaniment has little change and becomes monotonous.

In order to eliminate such monotonousness, several techniques have been conventionally developed. For example, the first technique is
A plurality of pattern data is provided for one rhythm. When the user selects a rhythm and starts the automatic accompaniment, the control unit of the automatic accompaniment apparatus randomly selects one pattern data from the plurality of pattern data, and based on the selected pattern data. The accompaniment sound is generated.

The second technique is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 140894, "a pattern progression is programmed by writing a signal indicating a designated pattern selected by a pattern selection switch in a sequence memory, and a plurality of types of performance patterns are created in accordance with the programmed pattern progression. A desired performance pattern is sequentially read from the stored pattern memory, and a rhythm sound, a bass sound, or an arpeggio sound that changes in accordance with the programmed pattern progression is automatically played. "
That is. According to these techniques, the monotonicity described above can be avoided.

However, according to the first technique, it is difficult to realize an accompaniment pattern having a predetermined musical idea because the accompaniment is performed while the pattern data is selected at random. On the other hand, since the automatic performance device according to the second technique is designed to program the pattern progression in advance, an accompaniment pattern having a musical idea can be realized by creating an appropriate program. However, since it is necessary to program the pattern progression in advance, there are limits to variations in the pattern progression. Further, since data for programming the pattern progression is required, there is a problem that the amount of data increases.

In addition, the actual accompaniment sound contains various noises, and the volume is often not constant. For example, considering the case of performing chord accompaniment on a guitar, fret noise is generated when moving the string pressing position. Moreover, the strength of the stroke is not always constant, but changes strongly over time. However, the conventional automatic accompaniment device only faithfully reproduces the pattern data and generates an accompaniment sound according to the musical score, and does not consider noise included in the actual accompaniment sound at all. Therefore, there is a problem that such accompaniment sound lacks realism.

Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to eliminate the monotony of automatic accompaniment despite the small amount of data.
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic accompaniment apparatus and an automatic accompaniment method for an electronic musical instrument, which can perform an automatic accompaniment with a musical idea.

A second object of the present invention is to provide an automatic musical accompaniment for an electronic musical instrument which can eliminate the monotony of the automatic accompaniment despite a small amount of data and can perform a highly realistic automatic accompaniment. An object is to provide a device and an automatic accompaniment method.

[0011]

In order to achieve the first object, an automatic accompaniment apparatus for an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention is provided with k (k
= 1, 2, ...) First pattern data stored therein, and 1 (l = 1,2, ...) Second pattern data stored in the second storage means. Memory means and m (m = 1, 1) randomly extracted from the first storage means.
2, ...) pattern data are read out and n (n = 1, 2, ...) Randomly extracted from the second storage means is read.
..) Reading means for reading out the second pattern data, and automatic accompaniment means for automatically generating an accompaniment sound based on the first pattern data and the second pattern data read by the reading means, And is configured.

The first pattern data used in the present automatic accompaniment apparatus can be configured to represent a musical idea, and the second pattern data can be configured to represent a change. A more specific example will be described. Now, the first and second pattern data are each 1
It shall be composed of data for each measure. Also, three (k = 3) first pattern data are stored in the first storage means, and five (l = 5) second pattern data are stored in the second storage means. And Then, an accompaniment sound consisting of a phrase of 4 bars is generated. Four
In order to realize a phrase of a bar, for example, m = 3, n
= 1.

In this case, the first pattern data randomly extracted from the first storage means is read three times, and the second pattern data randomly extracted from the second storage means is read once. . Therefore, if three pieces of the first pattern data are created so as to represent the same or similar musical composition, and five pieces of the second pattern data are created so as to have unique characteristics, a phrase of four measures Out of
The first three measures proceed with accompaniment of the same or similar musical composition, 4
It can be configured so that a variable accompaniment is performed at each bar.
Therefore, the problem that the accompaniment pattern having a predetermined musical idea cannot be obtained unlike the conventional first technique is solved.

Further, according to the present invention, the accompaniment pattern of the first three measures is “3 × 3 × 3 = 27 ways” and the accompaniment pattern of the fourth measure is five ways, so that there are a total of 135 ways of accompaniment. The pattern is obtained. To obtain a similar accompaniment pattern with the conventional automatic performance device according to the second technique, 135
It is necessary to prepare individual programs in advance. On the other hand, in the present invention, since such a program is unnecessary, it is possible to suppress an increase in the amount of data.

In the above description, the case where each value of k = 3, l = 5, m = 3, and n = 1 is used as an example of the accompaniment pattern, but the present invention is not limited to this.
Each of k, l, m, and n can take any value.

The automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention is configured to generate a large number of accompaniment patterns by using two types of pattern data such as the first pattern data and the second pattern data. It can be extended to use the above pattern data. In this case, a more complicated accompaniment pattern can be realized.

In order to achieve the first object,
The automatic accompaniment method of the electronic musical instrument of the present invention is k (k = 1, 2,
...) first pattern data and l (l = 1, 1)
2, ...) Second pattern data are respectively stored, and m (m = 1, 2, ...) Randomly among the k first pattern data stored. Are sequentially read out, and subsequently n (n = 1, 2, ...) Pieces are randomly read out from the stored 1 piece of second pattern data, and the read first pattern data And an accompaniment sound is automatically generated based on the second pattern data.

Further, in order to achieve the second object, the automatic accompaniment apparatus for an electronic musical instrument of the present invention comprises a storage means for storing pattern data composed of a plurality of note data,
Reading means for reading pattern data from the storage means,
An automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument, comprising: an automatic accompaniment means for generating an accompaniment sound based on each note data in the pattern data read by the reading means, wherein each note data includes probability data, The automatic accompaniment means is configured to generate an accompaniment sound based on the note data with a probability according to the probability data.

According to this automatic accompaniment apparatus, note data for producing a fret noise sound of a guitar, for example, is previously incorporated in the pattern data, and the probability data according to the probability data included in the note data is used. A fret noise sound can be generated. As a result, it is possible to perform an automatic accompaniment that is more realistic and more realistic.

For the same purpose, the automatic accompaniment method for an electronic musical instrument of the present invention stores pattern data composed of a plurality of note data, reads the stored pattern data, and reads the stored pattern data. An automatic accompaniment method for an electronic musical instrument that generates an accompaniment sound based on each note data in the pattern data, wherein each note data includes probability data,
The accompaniment sound based on the note data is generated with a probability according to the probability data.

Further, in order to achieve the above-mentioned second object, the automatic accompaniment apparatus for an electronic musical instrument of the present invention comprises storage means for storing pattern data composed of a plurality of note data,
Reading means for reading pattern data from the storage means,
An automatic accompaniment apparatus for an electronic musical instrument, comprising: an automatic accompaniment means for generating an accompaniment sound based on each note data in the pattern data read by the reading means, wherein each note data is volume variation probability data. In addition, the automatic accompaniment means is configured to vary the volume of the accompaniment sound based on the note data in accordance with the volume variation probability data.

According to this automatic accompaniment apparatus, the volume of the note data can be changed according to the volume change probability data included in the note data. As a result, the volume of the accompaniment sound changes with a predetermined probability, and it is possible to perform an automatic accompaniment that is more realistic and more realistic.

For the same purpose, the electronic musical instrument automatic accompaniment method of the present invention stores pattern data composed of a plurality of note data, reads the stored pattern data, and reads the pattern data. An automatic accompaniment method for an electronic musical instrument that generates an accompaniment sound based on each note data in the pattern data, wherein each note data includes volume variation probability data, and the volume of the accompaniment sound based on the note data is It is configured to vary according to the volume variation probability data.

[0024]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of an automatic accompaniment apparatus and an automatic accompaniment method for an electronic musical instrument of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The automatic accompaniment apparatus can be configured as an independent automatic accompaniment apparatus, but in the present embodiment, the automatic accompaniment apparatus incorporated in the electronic musical instrument will be described.

(Embodiment 1) The automatic accompaniment apparatus according to the first embodiment is assumed to automatically perform accompaniment by repeating phrases of four measures. Further, this phrase is divided into a group A (m = 3) forming the first half 3 bars and a group B (n = 1) forming the second half 1 bar, and the group A has three first patterns. It is assumed that the data (k = 3) is included and the group B includes five second pattern data (l = 5).

The reading means of the present invention comprises a CPU 10, a program memory 11 and a RAM 12. The automatic accompaniment means of the present invention includes a CPU 10, a program memory 11, a RAM 12, a waveform memory 18, a sound source 19,
It is composed of an amplifier 20 and a speaker 21.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention is applied. In this electronic musical instrument, the CPU 10, program memory 11, R
AM 12, panel interface circuit 13, keyboard interface circuit 15, pattern memory 17, waveform memory 1
8 and the sound source 19 are connected to each other by a system bus 30. The system bus 30 is composed of, for example, an address bus, a data bus, a control signal bus, etc., and is used for transmitting and receiving data between the above-mentioned respective elements.

The CPU 10 operates according to a control program stored in the program memory 11. This C
The PU 10 performs processing for realizing various functions of the electronic musical instrument including the automatic accompaniment device. For example, the CPU 10
A keyboard process according to a key operation, a panel process according to a panel operation, an automatic accompaniment process for automatically generating an accompaniment sound, and other various processes are performed.

The program memory 11 can be composed of, for example, a ROM. The program memory 11 stores various fixed data used by the CPU 10 in addition to the control program described above. The program memory 11 stores tone color parameters. The tone color parameter is used to generate a musical tone (musical instrument sound) of a predetermined tone color. A plurality of tone color parameters are provided, for example, for each tone color and key range, and each tone color parameter is composed of, for example, waveform address, frequency data, envelope data, filter coefficient, and the like.

The RAM 12 temporarily stores various data processed by the CPU 10. The RAM 12 is provided with, for example, a buffer, a register, a counter, a flag and the like. Details of these will be described later.

An operation panel 14 is connected to the panel interface circuit 13. On this operation panel 14,
Various switches and indicators are provided. The various switches include a start / stop switch, a rhythm selection switch, a tone color selection switch, etc. (none of which are shown). The start / stop switch is used to start or stop automatic accompaniment. When the start / stop switch is pressed while the automatic accompaniment is stopped, the automatic accompaniment is started. On the other hand, when the start / stop switch is pressed during the automatic accompaniment, the automatic accompaniment is stopped. The rhythm selection switch is used for automatic accompaniment rhythms (eg rock, waltz,
Mambo, etc.) used to select. The rhythm number selected by the rhythm selection switch is stored in the rhythm number register provided in the RAM 12.

The display includes an individual display and a character display. An individual display is provided corresponding to each switch and is used to indicate ON / OFF of the switch. Character displays are used to display characters, symbols, numbers, etc. The character display can be composed of, for example, a 7-segment LED display. For example, when selecting a tone, the tone number is displayed on the character display.
Each rhythm number is displayed when the rhythm is selected. The character display is not limited to the 7-segment LED display, and an LCD display, a CRT display, and other various displays can be used.

The panel interface circuit 13 controls transmission / reception of data between the operation panel 14 and the CPU 10. That is, the panel interface circuit 13 generates panel data based on the signal received from the operation panel 14 and sends the panel data to the CPU 10. This panel data is composed of a bit string indicating the on / off state of each switch.
The CPU 10 performs various processes corresponding to the panel operation based on this panel data. The panel interface circuit 13 sends out the display data received from the CPU 10 to the operation panel 14. As a result, the operation panel 1
Lighting / extinction of various indicators of 4 is controlled.

A keyboard device 16 is connected to the keyboard interface circuit 15. The keyboard device 16 has a plurality of keys for designating a pitch. For the keyboard device 16, for example, a two-contact type key is used. That is, each key of the keyboard device 16 has two key switches that open and close in association with a key press or a key release, and can detect a key touch.

The keyboard interface 15 detects the on / off state of each key and the strength of the key touch when the key is pressed or released. That is, the keyboard interface 15 generates key data indicating the on / off state of each key and touch data indicating the strength of key touch based on the signal received from the keyboard interface circuit 15 and sends them to the CPU 10. CPU10
Performs various processes according to key depression or key release based on the key data and the touch data.

The pattern memory 17 corresponds to the first storage means and the second storage means of the present invention. The pattern memory 17 can be composed of, for example, a ROM. The pattern memory 17 stores pattern data used for automatic accompaniment. Details of the pattern data stored in the pattern memory 17 will be described later.

The waveform memory 18 stores waveform data, and is composed of, for example, a ROM. The waveform memory 18 stores a plurality of waveform data corresponding to a plurality of tone parameters. The waveform data is
For example, the emitted musical tone can be converted into an electric signal, which can be created by pulse code modulation (PCM). This waveform memory 18 is used for the sound source 1 via the system bus 30.
9 is accessed.

The sound source 19 has a plurality of sound generation channels. The tone generator 19 uses the tone generation channel designated by the CPU 10 to generate a tone signal corresponding to a tone color parameter. That is, when the tone generator 19 receives the designation of the tone generation channel and the tone color parameter from the CPU 10, the tone generator 19 uses the function of the designated tone generation channel to execute the waveform memory
The waveform data is read from No. 8, an envelope is added to the waveform data, and a digital tone signal is generated and sent to the D / A converter 20.

The D / A converter 20 converts the digital musical tone signal from the sound source 19 into an analog musical tone signal and an amplifier 21.
Send to The amplifier 21 amplifies the input analog musical tone signal with a predetermined amplification factor and sends it to the speaker 22. The speaker 22 converts the analog musical tone signal from the amplifier into an acoustic signal and outputs it. As a result, a musical sound is generated from the speaker 22.

Next, details of the pattern data stored in the pattern memory 17 will be described with reference to FIG. Pattern data is stored in the pattern memory 17 for each rhythm. In the first embodiment, for example, FIG.
As shown in, eight pattern data are prepared for one rhythm. Pattern data 0 to 2 (k = 3) as the first pattern data of the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention.
And the pattern data 3 to 7 (l = 5) can be made to correspond as the second pattern data. Each pattern data 0 to 7 is composed of note data for one measure and one end data. Whether the data is note data or end data is distinguished by the MSB of the first byte.

Each note data is composed of, for example, 4 bytes, and a key number, step time, gate time and velocity are assigned to each byte. The key number is data that indicates the pitch. The step time is data for specifying a sound generation time. The gate time is data that specifies the length of the sound. Velocity is data that specifies the strength of pronunciation. The end data is composed of, for example, 2 bytes, and each byte is assigned an end mark and a step time. The end mark represents the end of one pattern data.

Next, the buffer defined in the RAM 12
Registers, counters, flags and the like will be described with reference to FIG.

(A) Automatic accompaniment flag: The automatic accompaniment flag is stored. (B) Rhythm number register: stores the number of the rhythm selected by the rhythm selection switch. (C) Step time counter: The step time COUNT from the beginning of the bar is counted. The time of one step is determined by the tempo. (D) Step time register: The step time STEP in the note data is temporarily stored. (E) Random number buffer: A buffer that temporarily stores the generated random numbers. (F) Pattern address register: Designates the storage position of the note data in the pattern data currently being processed. (G) Performance counter: Counts the number of times the tone generation processing has been performed (the number of pattern data). (H) Group flag: Stores which group of pattern data, A or B, is being processed. (I) Candidate number register: A register provided for each group and stores the number of pattern data belonging to each group. (J) Performance count register: This register is provided for each group and stores the number of performances based on the pattern data belonging to each group. (K) Candidate pattern number table: This is a table provided for each group and stores the number of candidate pattern data (hereinafter referred to as "candidate pattern number"). (L) Candidate pattern address table: This is a table provided for each group, and the pattern memory 17 stores pattern data corresponding to candidate pattern numbers.
The address of is stored.

Next, the operation of the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the first embodiment having the above-mentioned structure will be described with reference to the flow charts of FIGS.

(1) Main Processing FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the main processing of the electronic musical instrument to which this automatic accompaniment apparatus is applied. This main processing routine is started when the power is turned on. That is, when the power is turned on, first, initialization processing is performed (step S
10). In this initialization processing, the inside of the CPU 10 is reset and the buffers, registers, counters, flags, etc. defined in the RAM 12 are set to the initial state.

For example, the number k of pattern data used in group A (for example, k = 3) is set in the group A candidate number register, and the group B candidate number register is used in group B. Number of pattern data l
(For example, l = 5) is set. In addition, the number of times m (for example, m = 3) of performing automatic accompaniment based on the pattern data of group A is set in the number-of-times register of group A, and the number-of-times register of group B is set to the pattern data of group B. Based on this, the number of times of automatic accompaniment n (for example, n = 1) is set. By setting m = 3 and n = 1, an accompaniment sound consisting of phrases of four measures is repeatedly generated.

In this embodiment, values are set in the candidate number register and the performance number register at the time of initialization processing, but these registers are set in the operation panel 1
4 can be used to set the value.

Upon completion of this initialization processing, panel processing is then carried out (step S11). In this panel processing, processing corresponding to the operation of the switch on the operation panel 14 and processing for displaying data on the display are performed. Details of this panel processing will be described later.

Next, keyboard processing is performed (step S).
12). In this keyboard processing, sound generation processing, silence processing, etc. are performed. Through these processes, a musical tone corresponding to the operation of the keyboard device 16 is generated.

Next, automatic accompaniment processing is performed (step S13). In this automatic accompaniment process, the pattern memory 1
The pattern data is read from No. 7, and an accompaniment sound is generated based on the read pattern electronic musical instrument. Details of this automatic accompaniment processing will be described later.

Next, "other processing" is performed (step S13). In this "other process", for example, a process of transmitting / receiving MIDI data to / from an external device via a MIDI interface circuit (not shown) is performed. Thereafter, the process returns to step S11, and the same processing is repeated thereafter.

As described above, when a panel operation or a keyboard operation is performed in the process of repeatedly executing steps S11 to S14 of the main processing routine, a process corresponding to the operation is performed. Thereby, various functions as an electronic musical instrument and an automatic accompaniment device are realized.

(2) Panel Processing Next, details of the panel processing will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This panel processing routine is called at regular intervals from the main processing routine.

In the panel process, first, a panel scan process is performed (step S20). In this panel scan process, panel data (hereinafter referred to as “new panel data”) is read from the operation panel 14 via the panel interface circuit 13. Then, similarly to the above, the panel data (hereinafter referred to as “old panel data”) read from the operation panel 14 in the previous panel processing and already stored in a predetermined area of the RAM 12 and the new panel data are exclusive. A logical sum operation is performed. The calculation result is stored in a predetermined area of the RAM 12 as a panel event map. Then, the new panel data is stored in the predetermined area of the RAM 12 as the old panel data.

Then, it is checked whether or not there is an on event of the start / stop switch (step S2).
1). This is done by checking whether both the bit corresponding to the start / stop switch in the event map and the bit corresponding to the start / stop switch in the new panel data are on. The presence / absence of a switch ON event is checked in the same manner for other switches.

If it is determined that the start / stop switch is on, then it is checked whether the automatic accompaniment flag is "1" (step S22). When it is determined that the automatic performance flag is "1", it is recognized that the start / stop switch is pressed during the automatic accompaniment, and the automatic accompaniment flag is cleared to "0" (step S23). . Thereafter, the sequence returns to the main processing routine. As a result, when the start / stop switch is pressed during the automatic accompaniment, the automatic accompaniment is stopped.

When it is determined in step S22 that the automatic accompaniment flag is "0", it is recognized that the start / stop switch is pressed while the automatic accompaniment is stopped, and the automatic accompaniment flag is set to "1". It is set (step S24). Hereinafter, processing for starting the automatic accompaniment is performed. That is, first, the content COUNT of the step time counter is cleared to zero (step S25).
Next, the group flag is set to "A" (step S26). Next, the contents of the performance number register of group A is set in the performance number counter (step S
27). Next, pattern data selection processing is performed (step S28). In this pattern data selection process, a process of randomly selecting one pattern data from a plurality of pattern data (details will be described later) is performed. Hereinafter, automatic accompaniment is performed based on the selected pattern data. After that, the sequence returns to the main processing routine.

When it is determined in step S21 that there is no start / stop switch on event, it is then checked whether or not there is an on event of the rhythm selection switch (step S29). When it is determined that there is an on event of the rhythm selection switch, the rhythm number corresponding to the switch is set in the rhythm number register (step S30). afterwards,
The sequence returns to the main processing routine. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is no on event of the rhythm selection switch, then "other switch processing" is performed (step S31). In this processing, for example, processing for an event of the tone color selection switch and other various switches is performed. Thereafter, the sequence returns to the main processing routine.

(3) Pattern data selection processing Next, step S28 of the panel processing routine and step S5 of the automatic accompaniment processing routine (FIG. 8) described later.
The pattern data selection process performed in 8 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

In the pattern data selection process, first, the content of the performance counter is decremented and it is checked whether or not the result is zero (step S40). When it is determined that the value is not zero, the process branches to step S46. On the other hand, if it is determined to be zero, then it is checked whether the group flag is "A" or "B" (step S41). Here, if it is determined that the group flag is “A”, it is recognized that the processing of the pattern data of the group A is completed, and the group flag is set to “B” (step S4).
2). Next, the content of the performance number register of group B is set in the performance number counter (step S43), and then the process proceeds to step S46. On the other hand, when it is determined that the group flag is "B", it is recognized that the processing of the pattern data of the group B is completed, the group flag is set to "A" (step S44), and the performance of the group A is performed. The content of the frequency register is set in the performance frequency counter (step S45). After that, the sequence branches to step S46.

In step S46, it is checked whether the group flag is "A" or "B". Here, if it is determined that the group flag is "A", a process of randomly selecting one pattern data from the pattern data of the group A is performed (step S47). In this process, first, a random number is generated in the random number buffer. Any known method can be used as the method of generating the random number. Next, the random number (contents of the random number buffer) is set to the number of candidates (contents of the candidate number register of group A).
Divide by and get the remainder. Then, the candidate pattern number corresponding to this remainder is extracted from the candidate pattern number table of group A. Thereby, one pattern data is selected. The data length of the random numbers used above is preferably set sufficiently longer than the data length of the probability data. This makes it possible to avoid bias in random numbers.

Then, pattern data address setting processing is performed (step S49). In this process, the pattern address corresponding to the candidate pattern number obtained above is extracted from the pattern address table and set in the pattern address register. This allows
Preparations for automatic accompaniment for one pattern data are completed. The sequence then returns to the routine that called it.

When it is determined in step S46 that the group flag is "B", a process of randomly selecting one pattern data from the pattern data of group B is performed (step S48). This process is the same as the process of step S47, except that the process is performed using the group B candidate count register and the candidate pattern number table. Then, step S
After branching to 49, the same processing is performed thereafter.

In the above, the candidate pattern number is stored in the candidate pattern number table, and the pattern address is obtained by further referring to the candidate pattern address table with the candidate pattern number randomly selected from the candidate pattern number table. However, the pattern address may be stored in the candidate pattern number table and the pattern address may be randomly selected from the candidate pattern number table. According to this method, the above-mentioned candidate pattern address table can be omitted and the processing can be simplified.

(4) Automatic Accompaniment Processing Next, details of the automatic accompaniment processing will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This automatic accompaniment processing routine is called at regular intervals from the main processing routine.

In the automatic accompaniment process, it is first checked whether or not the automatic accompaniment flag is "1" (step S5).
0). If it is determined that the automatic accompaniment flag is not "1", that is, the automatic accompaniment is stopped, the sequence returns to the main processing routine. This realizes the function of stopping the automatic accompaniment.

On the other hand, when the automatic accompaniment flag is "1" and it is determined that the automatic accompaniment is currently being performed, it is checked whether or not it is the timing of reading the pattern data (step S51). Here, the read timing means a timing that arrives every time one step time elapses. Whether or not the read timing has come is determined by, for example, referring to the time measured by a clock mechanism (not shown). If it is determined in step S51 that it is not the read timing, the sequence returns to the main processing routine.

When it is determined in step S51 that it is the read timing, the step time STEP set in the step time register is compared with the content COUNT of the step time counter. If it is determined that they do not match, it is determined that the note data having the step time STEP has not yet reached the tone generation timing, and the content COUNT of the step time counter is incremented (step S
63). Thereafter, the sequence returns to the main processing routine.

On the other hand, when it is determined that the comparison results match, it is determined that the address 4 in the pattern memory 17 is set in the pattern address register at that time.
Bytes of data are read. Then, it is determined whether the data is note data or end data. This is performed by examining the MSB of the first byte. Here, if it is determined that the data is not the end data, then the tone generation processing is performed (step S5).
6).

In the tone generation process, a tone is assigned to a predetermined tone generation channel of the tone generator 19, a tone color parameter is read from the program memory 11 based on the key number, velocity, tone color selected at that time, etc. in the note data, and this is read. This is a process of sending to the sound source 19. As a result, a digital tone signal based on the tone color parameter is generated in the assigned tone generation channel of the sound source 19, and this digital tone signal is sequentially sent to the D / A converter 20, the amplifier 21, and the speaker 22 to produce the accompaniment tone. . The mute is performed by searching for a sound channel in the sound source 19 whose gate time has become zero by a silence processing routine (not shown) and sending predetermined data to this sound channel.

Next, the step time STEP in the next note data is read out and set in the step time register (step S57), after which the sequence returns to step S52 and the same processing is repeated thereafter. By this repetitive processing, note data is read from the pattern memory 17 one after another, and sound is generated based on the read note data, whereby automatic accompaniment is performed.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S55 that the data is end data, pattern data selection processing is performed to select the next pattern data (step S58). The contents of this pattern data selection processing have already been described. Then, the process returns to step S52 and the same process is repeated. Thus, each time the end data is read, that is, each time the processing of one pattern data is completed, the next pattern data is randomly selected, so that automatic accompaniment can be performed with a complicated accompaniment pattern.

(Second Embodiment) In the automatic accompaniment apparatus according to the second embodiment, the note data included in the pattern data is not always used for sound generation but is used for sound generation with a certain probability. Has been done.

As the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the second embodiment,
The configuration (block diagram in FIG. 1) of the electronic musical instrument according to the first embodiment described above can be used. The note data used in the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the second embodiment has probability data in addition to the key number, step time, gate time and velocity, as shown in FIG. This probability data defines the probability of performing the sounding process in the automatic accompaniment process. Note that the note data used in the second embodiment is configured by adding probability data to the note data used in the first embodiment, but the probability data is used instead of the velocity. Good. in this case,
Although the velocity has a constant value, the increase in the amount of note data can be suppressed.

The processing routine for controlling the operation of the automatic accompaniment apparatus according to the second embodiment is an automatic accompaniment processing routine (FIG. 8).
The processing routine of the first embodiment can be used as it is, except for. The automatic accompaniment processing routine of the second embodiment can be configured by modifying the automatic accompaniment processing routine (FIG. 8) of the first embodiment as shown in FIG. Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
The automatic accompaniment process will be described.

This automatic accompaniment processing routine is shown in FIG. 8 except that steps S60 and S61 are added.
This is the same as the automatic accompaniment processing routine of the first embodiment shown in FIG. In the following, differences will be mainly described.

In this automatic accompaniment process, if it is determined in step S55 that the mark is not the end mark, then the random number (content of the random number buffer) is divided by the probability data (step S60). Then, it is checked whether the remainder of the division result is zero (step S61). If it is determined that the value is zero, the sounding process is performed (step S56).
Is performed and it is determined that it is not zero, the sound generation processing is skipped.

By such processing, if the probability data is set to "1", the remainder of the result of the division is always zero. Therefore, note data including probability data having a value of "1" is always used for sounding, and operates in the same manner as the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the first embodiment. On the other hand, if the probability data is set to "2", for example, the above-mentioned remainder becomes zero with a probability of one half. Therefore, the note data including the probability data having the value of "2" is used for the sound generation once every two times. Similarly, as the probability data increases, the probability that the note data will be sounded decreases.

It is preferable that the data length of the random number be sufficiently longer than the data length of the probability data. This makes it possible to avoid a bias in the probability.

According to the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the second embodiment,
In the pattern data, for example, note data for producing a fret noise sound of a guitar is incorporated in advance, and if the probability data of the note data is set to a predetermined value, the fret noise has a probability according to the predetermined value. Can generate sound. As a result, it is possible to perform an automatic accompaniment that is more realistic and more realistic.

(Third Embodiment) In the automatic accompaniment apparatus according to the third embodiment, the sound based on the note data included in the pattern data is always sounded at the volume corresponding to the velocity value included in the note data. Instead, the sound volume is changed according to the predetermined strength variation probability data.

As the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the third embodiment,
The configuration (block diagram in FIG. 1) of the electronic musical instrument according to the first embodiment described above can be used. As shown in FIG. 11, the note data used in the third embodiment has dynamic variation probability data in addition to the key number, step time, gate time and velocity. This strength variation probability data defines the probability of changing the sound volume produced in the automatic accompaniment process.

The processing routine for controlling the operation of the automatic accompaniment apparatus according to the third embodiment is an automatic accompaniment processing routine (FIG. 8).
The processing routine of the first embodiment can be used as it is, except for. The automatic accompaniment processing routine of the third embodiment can be configured by modifying the automatic accompaniment processing routine (FIG. 8) of the first embodiment as shown in FIG. Hereinafter, the third embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
The automatic accompaniment process will be described.

In this automatic accompaniment processing routine, except that steps S70 and S71 are added, FIG.
This is the same as the automatic accompaniment processing routine of the first embodiment shown in FIG. In the following, differences will be mainly described.

In this automatic accompaniment process, when it is determined in step S55 that the end mark is not an end mark, a random number (contents of the random number buffer) is divided by the strength variation probability data, and "1" is added to obtain a value. X is obtained (step S70). Then, the velocity in the note data is divided by the value X to generate a new velocity (step S71). Then, the tone generation processing (step S56) is performed with the volume based on this new velocity.

By such processing, if the strength variation probability data is set to "1", for example, the remainder of the result of the division is always zero. Therefore, since the value X is always "1", the new velocity becomes the same as the original velocity, and the same operation as the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the first embodiment is performed. On the other hand, if the probability data is set to "2", the remainder becomes "1" with a probability of one half. Therefore, the value X has a probability of halving to "2", and the new velocity has a probability of halving to half the original velocity. Similarly, as the strength variation probability data is increased, the probability that the velocity of the note data becomes smaller becomes higher and the magnitude becomes smaller.

The data length of the random number is preferably set to be sufficiently longer than the data length of the strength variation probability data.
This makes it possible to avoid a bias in the probability.

According to the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the third embodiment,
By appropriately setting the volume variation probability data included in the note data to a desired value, it is possible to change the volume of the accompaniment sound based on the note data with a probability according to the volume change probability data. As a result, it is possible to perform an automatic accompaniment that is more realistic and more realistic.

[0089]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to provide an automatic accompaniment apparatus and an automatic accompaniment method for an electronic musical instrument, which can eliminate the monotony of the automatic accompaniment despite the small amount of data and can perform the automatic accompaniment with musical ideas. Further, it is possible to provide an automatic accompaniment apparatus and an automatic accompaniment method for an electronic musical instrument, which can eliminate the monotony of the automatic accompaniment despite a small amount of data, and can perform an automatic accompaniment rich in realism.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument, which is commonly used in Embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of pattern data of the automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument used in the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example (No. 1) of allocation of a RAM 12 of an automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument, which is commonly used in Embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example (No. 2) of allocation of the RAM 12 of the automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument which is commonly used in the first to third embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a main process of an automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument, which is commonly used in the first to third embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of panel processing of an automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument, which is commonly used in the first to third embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of pattern data selection processing of an automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument, which is commonly used in the first to third embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of an automatic accompaniment process of the automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument used in the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of pattern data of an automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument used in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of an automatic accompaniment process of the automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument used in the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of pattern data of the automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument used in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of an automatic accompaniment process of the automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument used in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 CPU 11 Program Memory 12 RAM 13 Panel Interface Circuit 14 Operation Panel 15 Keyboard Interface Circuit 16 Keyboard Device 17 Pattern Memory 18 Waveform Memory 19 Sound Source 20 Amplifier 21 Speaker 30 System Bus

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A first storage means for storing k (k = 1, 2, ...) First pattern data, and 1 (l = 1, 2, ...) Second storage means. Pattern data stored in the second storage means and m (m = m) randomly extracted from the first storage means.
1, 2, ...) Pattern data is read out and n (n = 1, 1) randomly extracted from the second storage means is read.
2, ...) Second reading means for reading the second pattern data, and automatic generation of an accompaniment sound automatically based on the first pattern data and the second pattern data read by the reading means. An automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument, comprising: accompaniment means. 2. The automatic accompaniment apparatus for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the first pattern data is data representing a musical idea, and the second pattern data is data representing a change. 3. The k (k = 1, 2, ...) First pattern data and the l (l = 1, 2, ...) Second pattern data are stored respectively. , M (m = 1, 2, ...) Are sequentially read out from the stored k pieces of the first pattern data, and subsequently, the stored 1 pieces of the second pattern data are stored. N (n = 1, 2, ...) Pieces are randomly read from the inside, and an accompaniment sound is automatically generated based on the read first pattern data and second pattern data. A characteristic automatic musical accompaniment method for electronic musical instruments. 4. Storage means for storing pattern data composed of a plurality of note data, reading means for reading the pattern data from the storage means, and note data for each note data in the pattern data read by the reading means. An automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument, comprising: an automatic accompaniment means for generating an accompaniment sound based on each of the note data including probability data, wherein the automatic accompaniment means has a probability according to the probability data. An automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument, which produces an accompaniment sound based on data. 5. A pattern data composed of a plurality of note data is stored, the stored pattern data is read, and an accompaniment sound is generated based on each note data in the read pattern data. An automatic accompaniment method for an electronic musical instrument, wherein each note data includes probability data, and an accompaniment sound based on the note data is generated with a probability according to the probability data. . 6. Storage means for storing pattern data composed of a plurality of note data, reading means for reading the pattern data from the storage means, and note data for each note data in the pattern data read by the reading means. An automatic accompaniment apparatus for an electronic musical instrument, comprising: an automatic accompaniment means for generating an accompaniment sound based on the note data, wherein each note data includes volume variation probability data, and the automatic accompaniment means generates an accompaniment sound based on the note data. An automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument, wherein the volume is varied according to the volume variation probability data. 7. A pattern data composed of a plurality of note data is stored, the stored pattern data is read, and an accompaniment sound is generated based on each note data in the read pattern data. An automatic accompaniment method for an electronic musical instrument, wherein each of the note data includes volume change probability data, and the volume of an accompaniment sound based on the note data is changed according to the volume change probability data. Automatic accompaniment method.