JPH09317739A - One-sided bolt - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable speedy and easy operation, dispense with a special tool, provide a simple structure and low unit price, enable fastening after temporary fastening, and secure transmission of stress. SOLUTION: A head 7a has a diameter which can be inserted into through- holes 3a, 5a respectively formed on a square steel pipe column 3 and an end plate 5 of a beam. A pin 7b has a diameter smaller than that of the head 7a. A bolt body 7 has full length longer than the sum of thicknesses of the steel pipe column 3 and the end plate 5. Washers 9... are arranged on the pin 7b. The washers 9 can be inserted into the through-holes 3a, 5a, and escape from the through-hole 3a inside the steel pipe column 3. A screw formed on a pin tail 7c of the pin 7b projected from the through-hole 5a of the end plate 5 is inserted into a general washer 13 followed by screwing of a nut 15. The bolt body 7 is fixed and the nut 15 is fastened.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a one-side bolt used, for example, for joining a square steel pipe column to a steel beam.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when joining a square steel pipe column having a closed cross section and a steel beam, or joining the columns to each other, they are operated only from one (outer side) to the other (inner side) of the closed cross section. As one-side bolts for joining the members of FIG.
Those shown in (a) and (b) are well known (see, for example, JP-A-7-331745).

The one-side bolt shown in FIG.
Pin 101 having head 101b slightly larger in diameter than 1a
And a first sleeve 102, a second sleeve 103, a grip adjuster 104, a washer 105, and a collar 106, which are sequentially fitted on the outer periphery thereof.
Starting from b, the washer 105 is inserted into the insertion holes formed in the two members 107 and 108 joined from the outside of the closed cross section, and the washer 105 is brought into close contact with the end surface of the outer member 107.
By using a special tool 109 to apply a reaction force to the collar 106 and pull the pin tail 101c outward, the collar 106, the grip adjuster 104, and the second sleeve 103 are relatively moved as shown in FIG. The first sleeve 102 is advanced to plastically deform the first sleeve 102 into an expanded state, and furthermore, the grip adjuster 104 is sheared to break the rear end of the first sleeve 102 into contact with the end surface of the inner member 108,
The pin tail 101c is broken when a predetermined tension is introduced by plastically deforming the collar 106.

There is also known a valve sleeve which is plastically deformed into a flange shape by fitting a valve sleeve fitted on the outer periphery of a pin inside a closed cross section.

[0005]

However, such a conventional one-side bolt has the following problems.

It is necessary to pull the pin tail until the pin tail is finally broken, it takes time to complete the joining, and the operation itself is special and troublesome.

[0007] A dedicated tool is required, skill is required in handling the tool, and management of the tool itself, particularly management at a joining place which is generally performed at a high place, is troublesome.

There is a concern that the structure of the bolt itself is complicated, the number of parts is large, the yield is large, and manufacturing errors accumulate. Therefore, the finally introduced tension, that is, the joining strength varies from product to product. There is a risk.

It is not possible to perform a final tightening after a temporary tightening.

Inside the closed cross section, which is not visible,
It is difficult to confirm whether the desired plastic deformation of the sleeve or the valve sleeve has been made, and there is concern about whether stress transmission is ensured.

In recent years, it has been reported that an unexpected load was applied between members to be joined in the Great Hanshin Earthquake, which caused great damage. In the event of such a great earthquake, the plastically deformed portions of the first sleeve and the valve sleeve were re-formed. The possibility of deformation cannot be completely ruled out. The number of different types of parts is large, the structure is complicated, the single bolt is expensive, and the cost of a dedicated tool is also required.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to perform the work quickly and easily, to eliminate the need for a special tool, to have a simple structure and a low unit price. An object of the present invention is to provide a one-side bolt that can be finally tightened after temporary tightening and that can reliably transmit stress.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises all of the following constituent features (Claim 1).

(1) A head which can be inserted through insertion holes formed in a plurality of members to be joined, and a pin portion which is integrally formed with the head or is fixed to the head and has a smaller diameter than the head. , A bolt body having a total length longer than the total thickness of the plurality of members to be joined. (2) A plurality of thin plate washers are provided on the pin portion of the bolt body.

(3) Each washer can be inserted from one of the insertion holes toward the other, and can be pulled out from the insertion hole on the other side.

(4) At least the washer of the washer at the time of withdrawal has a larger diameter than the through hole.

(5) The washer is brought into contact with the head of the bolt main body and the end face of the other joining member by relative rotation of the nut screwed to the screw formed on the pin tail of the pin portion and the bolt main body. The layers are in close contact with each other.

In the present invention, the bolt main body is inserted with the head as the head from one of the insertion holes formed in the plurality of members to be joined, and the plurality of washers provided in the pin portion are also inserted into the insertion holes. Insert it toward the other side and let it escape from the other side. Next, when the bolt main body and the nut screwed to the screw of the pin portion are relatively rotated, the washer at the time of withdrawal has the diameter of at least the insertion hole side larger than the insertion hole. A tension is introduced into the bolt main body by being in a tightly laminated state between the portion and the end surface of the other joining member.

Therefore, if a plurality of washers are pulled out from the insertion holes, then only the usual nut tightening work is required, the work time is short, and the work itself is extremely easy. Further, a conventional tool for tightening the nut is sufficient, and a special tool such as that used in a conventional one-side bolt is not required. Therefore, skill for handling the special tool is not required, and management is easy.

After the nuts are tightened, the washers are laminated in a close contact state, so that even if an unexpected load is applied to the members to be joined, there is no risk of the washer deforming, and stress is transmitted reliably. be able to.

Also, when viewed from the bolt alone, it is a simple structure in which a washer is simply added to the conventional bolt, and there is no fear that the finally introduced tension, that is, the joint strength will vary from product to product. Yes, and the unit price is low.

In the present invention, each washer preferably has a wall thickness of 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm (Claim 2). In this case, each washer is deformable and can be inserted into the insertion hole. Yes, and withstand the tightening of nuts.

The diameter and arrangement of the washer are set so as to gradually reduce toward the head of the bolt main body (claim 3), or the washer can be deformed by reducing the diameter when it is inserted into the insertion hole. In addition, it is possible to expand and deform when it comes out of the insertion hole (claim 4), or to have an initial shape that is convex toward the head of the bolt body (claim 5), radiation. A notch or a notch in the direction may be formed (claim 6).

If the diameter and the arrangement of the washer are set so as to gradually decrease toward the head of the bolt body, the head portion of the bolt body and the end surface of the other joining member are tightened as the nut is tightened. A stable axial force is introduced into the washer that is in close contact with. Further, as long as the diameter and the diameter can be deformed, the washer material can be selected in a wide range, and the choice of the shape can be widened. If the initial shape is convex toward the head of the bolt body, the inserting operation into the insertion hole is easy, and if the notch or notch is formed, the inserting operation is further facilitated.

Further, the washer is preferably held on the bolt main body by a temporary fixing member fixed to the pin portion of the bolt main body (claim 7), and the plurality of washers according to claim 1 At least one
It is preferable that the spring main body is a single spring washer arranged spirally around the pin portion of the bolt main body (claim 8), and all the washers are inserted into the bolt main body when the bolt was inserted into the insertion hole. It is preferable that a mark is displayed to indicate that the hole will come out (claim 9).

The washer is prevented from coming off by the temporary fixing member, and the workability of handling the bolt is improved at the time of transportation, which is the pre-stage of the work, or when the bolt is inserted into the insertion hole. Further, if a spring washer is used, the work of mounting the bolt body on the pin portion is easy. Furthermore, if a person skilled in the art knows that when the bolt body is inserted into the insertion hole, the feel of the washer coming out can be felt by hand, for example, when the mark becomes flush with the end surface of the other joining member, the insertion operation should be performed. Upon completion, it will be easier to work and manage if it is known that all washers have slipped out of the insertion holes.

[0027]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

1A and 1B show a preferred embodiment of the present invention. One-side bolt 1 according to the present invention
Is a head 7a having a diameter capable of inserting through holes 3a, 5a formed in a plurality of members to be joined (for example, the rectangular steel tube column 3 and the end plate 5 of a steel beam in the figure), The bolt body 7 is integrally formed with the head portion 7a and has a pin portion 7b having a diameter smaller than that of the head portion 7a, and has a total length longer than the total thickness of the steel pipe column 3 and the beam end plate 5.
, And a plurality of washers 9, 9 ... Are provided on the pin portion 7b of the bolt body 7.

Each washer 9 has an insertion hole 3a, 5
With respect to a, it can be inserted from the outer side (left side in the figure) of the end plate 5 toward the inner side (right side in the figure) of the steel pipe column 3.
Moreover, it can be pulled out from the insertion hole 3a inside the steel pipe column 3. The washer 9 has a hole (not shown) formed in the center thereof so that it can be engaged with the pin portion 7b of the bolt body 7 and can be slightly moved in the axial direction with respect to the pin portion 7b of the bolt body 7. There is.

The washer 9 is provided with, for example, ten pieces having a wall thickness of 0.3, and therefore the total thickness of all the washers is 3.0 mm. All washers 9 have an initial shape that is convex toward the head 7a of the bolt body 7, and the outer diameter is slightly larger than the insertion holes 3a and 5a. As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 2, the washer 9 has a flat end surface (FIG. 2A) and a concave curved surface (FIG. 2B).
Etc. can be set arbitrarily.

One side bolt 1 having the above structure
Joins the steel pipe column 3 and the end plate 5 of the beam as follows.

First, the bolt body 7 is inserted from the outside of the end plate 5 into the insertion holes 3a, 5a formed in the rectangular steel tube column 3 and the end plate 5 of the beam, with the head portion 7a at the top, and the pin portion is inserted. A plurality of washers 9 and 9 provided on 7b
The steel tube column 3 having a closed cross section, which is also slightly deformed by diameter reduction, is press-fitted into the insertion holes 5a and 3a along with the bolt body 7.
To get inside. The washer 9 that has sequentially come out of the insertion hole 3a is expanded and deformed to have a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the insertion holes 3a and 5a.

The pin tail 7c of the bolt body 7 is provided with a mark 11 indicating that all the washers 9, 9 ... Are pulled out from the insertion hole 3a when the bolt body 7 is inserted into the insertion hole 3a, 5a. Has been done. Therefore, in the present embodiment, for example, when the mark 11 is flush with the end plate 5, the insertion operation into the insertion hole 5a ends.

Then, a general washer 13 is inserted into a screw formed in the pin tail 7c of the pin portion 7b protruding from the insertion hole 5a of the end plate 5, and then a nut 15 is screwed to fix the bolt body 7. When the nut 15 is tightened, the head portion 7a of the bolt body 7 moves relatively to the pin tail 7c side. When the head portion 7a of the bolt body 7 moves relatively to the pin tail 7c side, the washer 9 causes the head portion 7a and the steel pipe column 3 to move.
It is sandwiched between the inner end surface of and and gradually deforms into a flat plate shape. After that, the washer 9 is in a close contact state in which it is laminated between the head portion 7a of the bolt body 7 and the inner end surface of the steel pipe column 3,
When the nut 15 is further tightened, tension is introduced into the bolt body 7 (see FIG. 1 (b)).

If the pin tail 7c is provided with a breaking portion (not shown) and the breaking portion is broken when a predetermined tension is introduced into the bolt main body 7, the breaking portion is fixed by fixing the nut 15. By rotating the bolt body 7 relative to each other until it breaks, stable joining work can be performed,
The bonding quality is uniform and automation is possible.

In this way, a plurality of washers 9, 9 ...
If you pull out from the insertion hole 3a,
Since it is only necessary to perform the tightening work, the work time is short and the work itself is extremely easy. Also, nut 1
A conventional tool for tightening 5 is sufficient, no special tool used in the conventional one-side bolt is required, and no special skill is required to handle the special tool.
Easy to manage. Further, the nut 15 can be a double nut, and there is an effect that the final tightening can be performed after the temporary tightening.

After the nut 15 is tightened, tension is introduced into the bolt main body 7 in a state where the washers 9, 9 ... Are closely contacted and stacked, so that an unexpected load is applied to the steel pipe column 3 and the beam. Even if it is applied between the two, there is no fear that the washer 9 will be deformed, and the stress can be reliably transmitted.

Also, when viewed from the bolt alone, the bolt has a simple structure in which a washer is simply added to the conventional bolt, and there is no fear that the finally introduced tension, that is, the joint strength will vary from product to product. There is also an advantage that the unit price is low.

Another embodiment will be described below.

FIG. 3 shows another example of the washer 9 according to the present invention, the outer diameter of which is considerably larger than the diameter of the insertion hole. With such a configuration, the force required for press-fitting into the insertion holes 3a and 5a is larger than that described above, but there is an effect that the joint strength after tightening the nut 15 is increased. Here, similarly to the above-described embodiment, when the outer diameter of the washer 9 is considerably larger than that of the insertion holes 3a and 5a, in order to facilitate its deformation, as shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), it is better to form a radial notch or notch. Notch 17 in FIG.
May be formed relatively densely as shown in the right half, or may be formed coarsely as shown in the left half. Further, the notch 17 shown in the right half of FIG. 7B is V-shaped, and has large and small notches 1 as shown in the upper and lower parts.
9 may be formed. The pitch and the depth of these notches 17 or notches 19 are appropriately set depending on the material, thickness, inner diameter, outer diameter, etc. of the washer 9.

5 (a) and 5 (b) show another example, in which a plurality of washers 9, 9 ...
The diameter and arrangement are set so that the diameter gradually decreases toward a. In this embodiment, the same effect as the above embodiment can be obtained, and there is an advantage that the bolt body 7 and the washer 9 can be easily inserted.

In the example shown in FIG. 6, a washer 9a having a small outer diameter is arranged on the head 7a side of the bolt body 7, and a washer 9b having a large outer diameter is arranged on the pin tail 7c side. The example shown in FIG. 7 has a larger curvature than that shown in FIG. 6, and in particular, the washer 9c arranged on the pin tail 7c side has an initial shape of a flat plate (infinite curvature). Is. Further, the washer 9d shown in FIG. 8 is convex toward the head portion 7a of the bolt body 7, but has a linear cross section. These washers 9
The same effects as those of the above-described embodiments can be obtained even in the case of a, 9b, 9c, and 9d.

9 (a), 9 (b), and 9 (c), a plurality of washers 9 are used, while the plurality of washers are provided around the pin portion 7b of the bolt body 7. An example in which one spring washer 9A arranged in a spiral shape is replaced is shown. The spring washer 9A
A plurality of holes having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pin portion 7b of the bolt body 7 are formed, and each hole is formed in the pin portion 7b.
Is inserted and engaged with. According to this example, the bolt body 7
It is easy to attach washers to the. The diameters of the holes may all be the same along the axial direction of the pin portion, or may gradually increase toward the pin tail. Of course, other washers may be used in combination with the spring washer 9A.

In FIG. 10, a washer 9B having an initial shape that is concave toward the head 7a of the bolt body 7 (convex toward the pin tail 7c) is used. Also, FIG.
No. 1 is larger in diameter and thinner than that of FIG.

FIG. 12 shows an example in which a flat washer 9 and a washer 9 having an initial shape which is convex toward the head 7a of the bolt body are used in combination, and FIG. 13 is a flat washer 9 9 shows an example in which a washer 9B having an initial shape that is concave toward the head 7a of the bolt body is used in combination. It is also possible to combine a washer that is convex toward the head 7a of the bolt body and a washer that is concave toward the head 7a (not shown).
As described above, washers having various initial shapes can be arbitrarily combined and used.

FIG. 14 shows an example in which washers which are convex toward the head 7a of the bolt body are used in combination with those having different diameters, and FIG. 15 is also convex toward the head 7a but has a cross section. Shows an example in which is linear. In FIG. 15, the collar 20 is fixed to the pin portion 7b, which prevents the collar 20 from coming off during insertion.

The washers of various forms have been described above, but the structure required for the washer according to the present invention is as follows.
The inner diameter can be inserted into the pin portion 7b of the bolt body 7 and smaller than the head portion 7a, the outer diameter can be larger than the insertion holes 3a and 5a, and the insertion holes 3a and 5a can be inserted. Withstanding the tightening due to relative rotation between the bolt body 7 and the nut 15.

16 (a) to 16 (d) show a temporary fixing means which is locked to the pin portion 7b of the bolt body 7. As shown in FIG. By such temporary fixing means, the washer 9 is prevented from coming off the bolt body 7 before and after the joining work. As the temporary fixing means, any means can be used as long as it can be locked to the pin portion 7b, and the nut 21 screwed into the screw portion of the bolt body 7 (FIG. 7A) and the bolt body 7 are mounted from the outside. A snap ring 23 (the same figure (b)), a snap ring 25 mounted from the pin tail 7c side (the same figure (c)), and a collar 27 (the same figure (d)) fitted to the pin tail 7c may be adopted. it can. Of course, the temporary fixing means has an outer diameter smaller than that of the insertion hole.

A washer 27a is integrally formed on the side of the pin tail 7c of the collar 27 shown in FIG. 7D. According to this structure, the insertion hole 3 of the bolt body 7 is formed.
It is not necessary to separately insert a washer after the insertion into a and 5a.

Instead of such temporary fixing means, a nut used for final tightening may be temporarily fixed to the bolt body 7 and carried in to the joining site. Also, the bolt body 7
The screw formed in 2 may be formed over the entire length of the pin portion 7b, or may be formed only in the pin tail 7c.

The diameter of the washer 9 and the insertion holes 3a, 5a
If the diameter of the bolt is the same, or if the washer 9 has a large curvature and it is difficult to cause the bolt body 7 to be inserted into the insertion holes 3a and 5a, it is possible to use a pushing jig. The pushing jig only needs to have an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the pin portion and an outer diameter smaller than the insertion hole. When the bolt body 7 is inserted, the rear end of the washer 9 is fixed to the bolt body 7.
It is pushed toward the head 7a of the above.

Further, in the above embodiments, the square steel pipe columns 3 and the end plates 5 of the beams are exemplified as the two members to be joined, but the present invention can be applied to joining steel pipe columns to each other and other joining. Needless to say.

[0053]

As described in detail above, the one-side bolt according to the present invention is quick and easy to work,
It does not require a special tool, has a simple structure, and has a low unit price, but it has an excellent effect that it is possible to perform final tightening after temporary tightening and to reliably transmit stress.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 (a) is a sectional view at the time of insertion showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention. (B) is sectional drawing at the time of tightening a nut.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing an example of a washer.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the washer at the time of insertion.

FIG. 4A is a front view of a washer. (B) is a front view according to another example.

FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view at the time of insertion showing still another example. (B) is sectional drawing at the time of tightening a nut.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another example of the washer at the time of insertion.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the washer at the time of insertion.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the washer at the time of insertion.

FIG. 9A is a side view before insertion showing another example of the washer. (B) is sectional drawing which shows the time of the fastening.
(C) is a plan view of a single spring washer.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the washer at the time of insertion.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the washer at the time of insertion.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the washer at the time of insertion.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the washer at the time of insertion.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the washer at the time of insertion.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view showing another example of the washer at the time of insertion.

16 (a) to 16 (d) are front views showing temporary fixing means.

17 (a) and 17 (b) are cross-sectional views showing a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 One Side Bolt 3 Square Steel Pipe Column (Insertion Hole 3a) 5 End Plate 5 (Insertion Hole 5a) 7 Bolt Body (Head 7a, Pin 7b, Pin Tail 7)
c) 9 washer 11 mark 13 washer 15 nut

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A one-sided bolt having all of the following structural requirements. (1) A head part capable of passing through insertion holes formed in a plurality of members to be joined, and a pin part formed integrally with the head part or fixed to the head part and having a diameter smaller than that of the head part. And a bolt body having an overall length longer than the total thickness of the plurality of members. (2) A plurality of thin plate washers are provided on the pin portion of the bolt body. (3) Each washer can be inserted from one of the insertion holes toward the other, and can be removed from the insertion hole on the other side. (4) At least the washer that is located on the side of the insertion hole of the washer when it is pulled out has a diameter larger than that of the insertion hole. (5) The washer is provided between the head of the bolt main body and the end surface of the other joining member by relative rotation between the nut screwed to the screw formed on the pin tail of the pin portion and the bolt main body. They are in a stacked and intimate state. 2. The washer has a wall thickness of 0.
5. The length is from 5 mm to 2.0 mm.
One side bolt described in. 3. The one side according to claim 1, wherein the washer has a diameter and an arrangement such that the washer is gradually reduced in diameter toward the head of the bolt body. bolt. 4. The washer can be deformed by reducing its diameter when it is inserted into the insertion hole, and can be deformed by expanding its diameter when it is pulled out from the insertion hole. One side bolt described in either. 5. The one-sided bolt according to claim 1, wherein the washer has an initial shape that is convex toward the head of the bolt body. 6. The one-side bolt according to claim 1, wherein the washer is formed with a notch or a notch in a radial direction. 7. The one-sided bolt according to claim 1, wherein the washer is held by the bolt main body by a temporary fixing member fixed to a pin portion of the bolt main body. 8. The at least one of the plurality of washers according to claim 1 is a single spring washer that is spirally arranged around the pin portion of the bolt body. The one side bolt according to any one of 1 to 7. 9. The bolt main body is provided with a mark indicating that all of the washers will come out of the insertion hole when the bolt main body is inserted into the insertion hole. One side bolt described on the crab.