JP3225398B2 - One side bolt - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a one-side bolt used for joining a steel frame using a steel frame into which a bolt cannot be inserted alone from a closed section of a steel pipe or the like or from a fastening side.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A one-side bolt is an axial blind stopper called a blind bolt or a one-side tightening rebed, and is used for various purposes. In the steel frame, in the joint of the steel frame material of the closed section such as the square steel tubular column,
When joining without welding, using a one-sided bolt, unlike a normal high-strength bolt, eliminates the need to cut female threads in the joint box or perform back-nut welding.
Workability can be improved and the structure can be simplified. As a conventional general one-side bolt, a bolting part is formed at the end of a sleeve that is fitted to a pin, and a member to be tightened is tightened with a nut that presses the rear end of the valved part. is there. However, since this type of one-side bolt is tightened with axial force acting on the sleeve, it is suitable for steel frames that need to maintain a large tightening force over a long period of time. Not.

Therefore, as a one-side bolt for increasing the axial force, a bolt shown in FIG. 9 has been conventionally proposed and is being used. This is because a pin 52 and a valve sleeve 53 which covers the outer periphery of the pin 52 in order from the pin head 52a side,
Grip sleeve 54, shear washer 55, receiving washer 5
6, and a nut 57. Nut 57
Is screwed into the male screw portion 52b of the pin 52. The one-side bolt 50 is inserted into the bolt hole of the material 60 to be tightened as shown in FIG. 5A, and then the nut 57 is tightened. By being formed and further tightened, the shear washer 55 is sheared, and the tightened state shown in FIG.
The one-side bolt 50 of this configuration is for tightening the material 60 to be tightened between the nut 57 and the valving portion 53a. However, the tightening load acting on the valving portion 53a is received by the pin head 52a. The force acts on the pin 52, so that a large clamping force is obtained.

[0004]

As described above, the one-side bolt 50 of the conventional example shown in FIG. 9 is excellent in that a large tightening force can be obtained, but in addition to the pin 52, the valve sleeve 53 and the grip are provided. Sleeve 54, share washer 5
5, a receiving washer 56 and a nut 57 are required, and the number of parts is increased. Therefore, the cost is greatly increased as compared with a general high-strength bolt or the like. If the steel frame has a non-welded structure, the number of bolts becomes very large. However, if the one-side bolt 50 is used, the cost of the steel frame increases. For this reason, one side bolt 5
Although the use of high-strength bolts has been devised so as to minimize the number of used parts, the bolting method differs in each part, and thus problems such as a decrease in workability on site occur.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a one-side bolt which can secure a large axial force, has a small number of parts, and can be manufactured at low cost.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a one-side bolt having a pin head having a slightly larger diameter than a shaft at a tip and having a male screw portion formed at a rear portion; A sleeve that fits over the outer periphery of the pin and whose leading end engages with the pin head; and a nut that can be screwed into the male thread portion of the pin and press the rear end of the sleeve. The sleeve is an integral product having a sleeve main body and a receiving ring portion extending rearward on the outer periphery of a rear end of the sleeve main body via a shearing flange. The sleeve body is located near the tip.
The fixed length range is a soft sleeve part that is softer than other parts.
There Te, the soft sleeve portion, and capable buckling state bulge on the outer periphery by applying a compressive load in the axial direction in the sleeve. The shearing flange can be sheared by applying a predetermined compressive load to the sleeve, which is larger than a compressive load at which the soft sleeve portion enters a predetermined buckling state. The inner diameter of the receiving ring portion is a diameter that allows the rear end of the sleeve main body in a state where the shearing collar portion is sheared to enter.

[0007] The one-side bolt of this configuration is inserted into the bolt hole of the material to be tightened, and then tightened with a nut.
Due to the axial force acting on the sleeve between the nut and the pin head, the soft sleeve portion starts to buckle outward in a flange shape. That is, valving occurs. When the nut is further tightened, the shear collar generates shear, and the rear end of the sleeve body enters the receiving ring. This further tightens the nut, so that the material to be tightened is tightened between the nut and the flange-shaped buckling portion of the soft sleeve portion. At this time, the sleeve body having the flange-shaped buckling portion is engaged with the pin head, and the tightening axial force acts on the pin without acting on the sleeve. Therefore, a strong fastening axial force can be secured. In addition, since this one-side bolt is composed of three parts, a pin, a sleeve, and a nut, the number of parts is small and the one-side bolt can be manufactured at low cost. Further, since the one-side bolt is of a type in which a nut is turned and tightened, it can be tightened twice or re-tightened.

A one-side bolt according to a second aspect of the present invention is the one-side bolt having the above-mentioned structure, wherein a pressure ring which is fastened to a pin by a tightening process is provided instead of using a nut. That is, the pin is provided with a coupling uneven surface portion instead of the male screw portion, and a tool engagement portion is provided at the rear end. The pressing wheel is loosely fitted to the coupling uneven surface portion of the pin and can press the rear end of the sleeve, and can be fixed to the coupling uneven surface portion of the pin by drawing. The other configuration is the same as the one-side bolt of the above configuration. In the case of a one-side bolt having this configuration, a tool that grips the tool engagement portion and presses the pressure wheel applies an axial compressive force to the sleeve, buckling of the soft sleeve portion, and a flange portion for shearing. From shearing to subsequent tightening. In this state where the axial force is introduced, the pressing wheel is caulked by drawing or the like with a tool, and is fixed to the coupling uneven surface on the outer periphery of the pin. In this configuration, it is difficult to tighten or retighten twice, but other actions and effects can be obtained in the same manner as the one-side bolt of the above configuration. This one-side bolt also requires only three parts: a pin, a sleeve, and a pressure wheel.

[0009] In the one-side bolt having each of these configurations, the sleeve may be a forged product of cold forging or hot forging that is entirely integrated. In this case, auxiliary machining of details may be used together. For example, the vicinity of the shearing flange at the inner diameter of the receiving ring may be supplementarily shaped by cutting or the like. By performing cold forging in this way, the sleeve having the above shape can be mass-produced with high productivity, and the cost can be further reduced.

[0010]

In the one-side bolt according to the present invention,
The tip surface shape of the pin head of the pin may be spherical.
When the pin head is spherical, the strength of the head is assured.
It is easy to maintain and has a beautiful appearance.
Even when used for steel frame with exposed head
The landscape can be maintained. Also, if the pin head is spherical,
It can be easily passed through bolt holes and used for square pipes, etc.
The head of two adjacent one-side bolts is a square pipe
Hardly interfere with each other inside the bolt, and position the bolt at the corner of the square pipe
You can get closer. When manufacturing by pin forging, etc.
Even if the pin head is spherical, mold durability is improved
The advantage is obtained.

In each of the one-side bolts having the above configurations, each of the sleeves may have a soft sleeve portion made softer than other portions of the sleeve by heat treatment. By performing the heat treatment in this manner, a part of the sleeve can be easily made soft. In particular, when the sleeve is manufactured by cold forging, the process of making the soft sleeve part softer than other parts by heat treatment is also used together, so that the entire sleeve can be manufactured very easily, further reducing cost. In addition, the mass productivity can be improved.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A one-side bolt according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The one-side bolt 1 is provided with a pin 2, a sleeve 3 fitted on the outer periphery of the pin 2 and having a tip engaged with a pin head 2 a of the pin 2, and a sleeve 2 threadedly engaged with an external thread portion 2 b of the pin 2. 3 with a nut 4 capable of pressing the rear end thereof.

The pin 2 has a pin head 2a having a diameter slightly larger than that of the round shaft portion 2c at the front end, and a male screw portion 2b formed at the rear portion, and a tool engagement extending rearward of the male screw portion 2b. A portion 2d is formed. The outer diameter surface of the tool engagement portion 2d is an uneven surface having a large number of unevenness. The tool engagement portion 2d may be formed to have a smaller diameter than other portions of the pin 2 (the same applies to each embodiment described later).
A break groove 2e is formed in the middle in the axial direction of b, and a pin portion behind the break groove 2e becomes a pin tail 2f. The sleeve 3 includes a sleeve body 3a and the sleeve body 3a.
a integrally formed with a thick cylindrical receiving ring portion 3d extending rearward via a shearing flange 3c on the outer periphery of the rear end of "a". The sleeve main body 3a has a predetermined length range near the distal end portion as a soft sleeve portion 3b which is softer than the general portion 3ab. The soft sleeve portion 3b is capable of buckling in a bulging state on the outer periphery by applying an axial compressive load to the sleeve 3. In this example, the soft sleeve portion 3b
Although it is provided at a position slightly away from the tip as shown in FIG. 2,
It may be provided from the tip. The predetermined length range of the soft sleeve portion 3b is, for example, a length range in which buckling occurs, but may be longer. The shear collar 3c is
When a predetermined compressive load larger than a compressive load at which the soft sleeve portion 3b is brought into a predetermined buckling state is applied to the sleeve 3, shearing can be performed. The inner diameter of the receiving ring portion 3d is a diameter at which the rear end of the sleeve main body 3a in a state where the shearing collar portion 3c is sheared can enter, and is larger in diameter than the inner diameter of the sleeve main body 3a.

The sleeve 3 is a one-piece cold forged product made entirely of a metal material such as steel, and has a soft sleeve portion 3a.
Is made softer than a general part by performing a heat treatment such as annealing on the entire circumference of a predetermined length range of the sleeve 3. Therefore, the boundary portion between the soft sleeve portion 3b and the general portion is a portion where the hardness gradually changes. The vicinity of the shearing flange 3c in the inner diameter portion of the receiving ring portion 3d of the sleeve 3 may be subjected to auxiliary cutting to improve the thickness accuracy and the like of the shearing flange 3c.

The fastening operation of the one-side bolt 1 can be performed using a rotary electric tightening tool (not shown). That is, the bolt holes 2 of the tightened members 21 and 22
After the pin tail 2f is gripped by the tightening tool, the nut 4 is inserted into the box-shaped nut engaging portion of the tool.
Tighten. Thereby, the pin head 2a and the receiving ring 3
A compressive force acts between the sleeve body 3d and the sleeve body 3a, so that the soft sleeve portion 3b at the tip begins to buckle outward in a flange shape. That is, valving occurs. Further, when the nut 4 is tightened, the shearing flange 3c is sheared, and the rear end of the sleeve body 3a enters the receiving ring 3d. As the tightening proceeds further, the tightened members 21 and 2 overlapping each other between the nut 4 and the flange-shaped buckling portion 3e.
2, a clamping axial force is introduced. Materials to be tightened 21,2
Reference numeral 2 denotes, for example, a constituent member of a steel frame body, which includes a tube wall of a square steel pipe column, a split tee, and the like. When the nut 4 is further tightened and rotated, the pin tail 2f is broken in the breaking groove 2e with a predetermined axial force being introduced.

According to the one-side bolt 1, the clamping force between the nut 4 and the flange-shaped deformed portion 3e of the soft sleeve 3a sandwiches the clamped members 21 and 22 as a result of the shearing of the shearing flange 3c. It becomes the tightening force. Therefore, firm tightening can be performed. Further, since the one-side bolt 1 having this configuration is composed of the three components of the pin 2, the sleeve 3, and the nut 4, the number of components is small and the one-side bolt 1 can be manufactured at low cost. Moreover, since the one-side bolt 1 is of a type in which the nut 4 is turned and tightened, it can be tightened twice or re-tightened.

In the above embodiment, the head 2a of the pin 2 may have a spherical shape such as a hemisphere as shown in FIG. The same applies to one-side bolts described later shown in FIGS. 4 to 8. When the pin head 2a has a spherical shape as described above, the strength of the head 2a is easily secured, and
The appearance can be maintained even when used for a steel frame or the like in which the pin head 2a is exposed, such as a bridge, etc., having a beautiful appearance. When the pin head 2a has a spherical shape, it is easy to pass through the bolt hole. Further, when the pin head 2a is used for a square pipe or the like, the heads 2a of two adjacent one-side bolts 1 are mutually connected in the square pipe. It is hard to interfere and the position of the bolt can be made closer to the corner of the square pipe. Even when the pin 2 is manufactured by forging or the like, if the pin head 2a is spherical, there is an advantage that the durability of the mold is improved.

FIG. 4 shows a reference proposal example . The one-side bolt 1A of this example is a tip-side sleeve 3 corresponding to the one-side bolt 1 described with reference to FIG.
A and the rear end side sleeve 3B. The distal sleeve 3A has the same soft sleeve portion 3b as the sleeve 3 in the example of FIG. The rear end side sleeve 3B has the same shearing flange 3c and receiving ring 3d as the sleeve 3 in the example of FIG.
Having. Other configurations of the one-side bolt 1A of this embodiment are the same as those in the example of FIG. In the case of the one-side bolt 1A having this configuration, since the front-side sleeve 3A and the rear-end side sleeve 3B are divided, even when the bolt length becomes long, the shearing flange 3c and the receiving ring 3
The rear end sleeve 3B having d can be manufactured easily and inexpensively. Therefore, particularly in the case of a one-side bolt used in a place where the thickness of the steel frame body is thick and the tightening thickness is large, such as a bridge, the effect of simple and low-cost production is great. The tightening operation of the one-side bolt 1A and other operations and effects are the same as those in the example of FIG.

FIG. 5 shows another reference proposal example . The one-side bolt 1C of this example is the same as the one-side bolt 1 described with reference to FIG. 1 except that the sleeve 3 is replaced with a same-diameter sleeve 3C having a rear portion of the sleeve 3 removed. Therefore, this same diameter sleeve 3C
Is formed to have substantially the same diameter from the front end to the rear end, and has a soft sleeve portion 3b near the front end portion that is softer than other portions. The length of the same-diameter sleeve 3C is preferably a length that does not come off from the bolt holes 23 of the tightened members 21 and 22 that are tightened by the one-side bolt 1C in the tightened state. Further, in this example, a washer 31 is provided in addition to the nut 4 screwed into the male screw portion 2b of the pin 2. The washer 31 may not be necessarily provided. The pin 2 is configured such that a tool engagement portion 2d serving as a pin tail continues from the male screw portion 2b via a breaking groove 2e.

The one-side bolt 1C is tightened as follows. FIG. 5A shows a state when the one-side bolt 1C is stored, and each component is set to each other. At the time of bolt tightening, the nut 4 and the washer 31 are removed and inserted into the bolt holes of the tightened members 21 and 22 as shown in FIG. An axial pressing force is applied by the tool tip 41a, and the soft sleeve portion 3b of the same-diameter sleeve 3C is buckled in the same manner as described above.
The tool 41 grips the tool engaging portion 2d at the rear end of the pin 2 and applies a pressing force to the tool tip 41a, for example. When the buckling of the soft sleeve portion 3b is completed, the tool 4
1 is removed, the washer 31 and the nut 4 are inserted through the pin 2, and the nut 4 is tightened in the same manner as a normal bolt. This tightening completed state is the state shown in FIG. In the case of the one-side bolt 1C having this configuration, a dedicated tool 41 is required. However, the same-diameter sleeve 3C does not require a shearing flange portion or a receiving ring portion, and the entire one-side bolt 1C has a very simple configuration. , Low cost. In addition, even in this configuration, in the tightened state, no axial force acts on the same-diameter sleeve 3C, and an axial force acts on the pin 2, so that firm tightening is possible. Further, in the case of the one-side bolt 1C having this configuration, the same-diameter sleeve 3C only needs to be long enough to form the flange-shaped buckling portion 3e of the soft sleeve portion 3b, and has high flexibility with respect to the fastening thickness. However, the same diameter sleeve 3
C is preferably such that the rear end of the soft sleeve 3b is in a completed buckling state and its rear end does not come off from the tightened member 21 on the bolt tip side. Thereby, before the fastening is completed, the fastening member 2 on the rear side of the bolt, such as an end plate of a beam, is fixed against the fastening member 21 on the distal end side such as a pillar.
2 can be prevented from falling off by the thickness of the same-diameter sleeve 3C, and the clamped member 22 can be held. This prevents misalignment of the other bolt holes in the tightened members 21 and 22 and facilitates insertion of another bolt or one-side bolt into these bolt holes. It is preferable that the bolt hole diameter of the bolted member 22 on the bolt rear end side is slightly larger than the hole diameter of the bolt hole 23 of the bolted member 21 on the bolt tip side. Thereby, removal of the tool 41 becomes easy. Other configurations and effects are the same as those in the example of FIG.

FIG. 6 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. The one-side bolt 1D according to this embodiment includes:
A pressure wheel 4A is provided instead of using the nut 4 in the one-side bolt 1 of FIG. Pin 2
A coupling uneven surface portion 2h is provided instead of the male screw portion. In this example, the concavo-convex surface portion 2h is formed as a concavo-convex surface by forming a spiral ridge on the outer diameter surface. Instead of a spiral shape, a number of circumferential ridges may be provided side by side. The tool engagement portion 2g at the rear end of the pin 2 is a male screw portion in this example, and is formed longer than in the example of FIG. The pressing wheel 4A is loosely fitted to the coupling uneven surface portion 2h of the pin 2 and can press the rear end of the sleeve 3, and can be fixed to the coupling uneven surface portion 2h of the pin 2 by caulking. . In this example, the pressurizing wheel 4A is a short cylinder having an inner diameter slightly larger than that of the pin 2, a rear portion is slightly larger in diameter than a front portion, and has a shape having an outer flange at a front end. The break groove 2e of the pin 2 is formed adjacent to the rear end of the coupling uneven surface 2h. Other configurations are the same as those of the one-side bolt 1 of FIG.

In the case of the one-side bolt having this configuration, an axial compression force is applied to the sleeve 3 by using a tool (not shown) that is screwed into the tool engagement portion 2g and presses the pressing wheel 4A in the axial direction. From the buckling of the soft sleeve portion 3b and the shearing of the shearing flange portion 3c to the subsequent tightening. In this state where the axial force is introduced, the pressing wheel 4A is drawn by the tool, and is fixed to the coupling uneven surface 2h on the outer periphery of the pin 2.
In this configuration, it is difficult to tighten or retighten twice,
Other functions and effects can be obtained in the same manner as in the one-side bolt having the above-described configuration. This one-side bolt also requires only three parts: the pin 2, the sleeve 3, and the pressing wheel 4A.

As described above, the one-side bolt 1E shown in FIG. 7 also includes a one-side bolt 1E shown in FIG. 7 and a one-side bolt 3A and a rear-end sleeve 3B. Can be used,
In addition, like a one-side bolt 1F shown in FIG. 8, the same-diameter sleeve 3C as in the example of FIG. 5 can be used and tightened with a special tool.

[0025]

The one-side bolt according to any one of claims 1 to 3 of the present invention has a soft sleeve portion for forming a flange portion,
Since a sleeve in which the sleeve general portion, the shearing flange portion, and the receiving ring portion are integrated is used, a large axial force can be secured, the number of components is small, and the device can be manufactured at low cost. In particular, the sleeve and cold-forged products, also when the softer than the other portions by a heat treatment the soft sleeve part, manufacture of the sleeve is easy, Ru Hakare more further cost reduction.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing a state before tightening of a one-side bolt according to an embodiment of the present invention together with a material to be tightened, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the tightening is completed.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a sleeve of the one-side bolt.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a one-side bolt according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view showing a state before tightening a one-side bolt according to a reference proposal together with a material to be tightened,
(B) is a sectional view of the tightening completed state.

5A is a cross-sectional view of a one-side bolt according to another reference proposal example , FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view showing a tightening process together with a part of a tool, and FIG. 5C is a cross-sectional view of the completed tightening state. It is.

FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing a state before tightening of a one-side bolt according to still another embodiment of the present invention together with a material to be tightened, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the tightening is completed.

FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view showing a state before tightening of a one-side bolt according to still another embodiment of the present invention together with a material to be tightened, and FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the tightening is completed.

FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view showing a state before tightening of a one-side bolt according to still another embodiment of the present invention together with a material to be tightened, and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the tightening is completed.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are cross-sectional views of a conventional example before and after tightening.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1A to 1F: One-side bolt 2: Pin 2a: Head 2b: Male screw 2c: Round shaft 2h: Coupling uneven surface 3: Sleeve 3a: Sleeve body 3b: Soft sleeve 3c: Shear flange 3d ... Receiving ring part 3e ... Flange buckling part 3A ... Front side sleeve 3B ... Rear end side sleeve 3C ... Same diameter sleeve 4 ... Nut 4A ... Pressing ring 21,22 ... Tightened material 41 ... Tool

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16B 13/00-13/14 F16B 31/00-35/04 E04B 1/24

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pin having a pin head slightly larger in diameter than a shaft portion at a front end and having a male screw portion formed at a rear portion, and fitted on an outer periphery of the pin to be engaged with the pin head. A sleeve, and a nut capable of being screwed into the male screw portion of the pin to press the rear end of the sleeve. The sleeve is provided with a sleeve main body and a shear flange on the outer periphery of the rear end of the sleeve main body. And a receiving ring portion extending rearward, wherein the sleeve main body has a predetermined length range near the distal end portion as a soft sleeve portion that is softer than other portions , and this soft sleeve portion is By applying a compressive load in the axial direction to the sleeve, it is possible to buckle in a bulging state on the outer periphery, and the shearing flange portion has a predetermined compressive load larger than a compressive load at which the soft sleeve portion is in a predetermined buckling state. Compressive load is applied to the sleeve Shear are those capable, the inner diameter of the receiving annulus is one-sided bolt the rear end of the sleeve body in a state in which the shearing flange portion has shear was possible diameter enters. 2. A pin having a tool head and a concavo-convex surface portion for coupling in the order from a rear end to a rear end of a pin having a pin head slightly larger in diameter than a shaft portion at a rear end, and a front end fitted to an outer periphery of the pin. Is loosely fitted on the sleeve engaging with the pin head and the coupling uneven surface portion of the pin so that the rear end of the sleeve can be pressed and fastened to the coupling uneven surface portion of the pin by caulking. A pressurizable ring, wherein the sleeve is an integral part having a sleeve body and a receiving ring portion extending rearward via a shearing flange on the outer periphery of a rear end of the sleeve body. Is a predetermined length near the tip
The area is softer than the other parts .
Ri, the soft sleeve portion is capable buckling state bulge on the outer periphery by applying a compressive load in the axial direction in the sleeve, the shearing flange portion, the soft sleeve portion has a predetermined buckling state A predetermined compressive load greater than the compressive load can be sheared by being applied to the sleeve, and the inner diameter of the receiving ring portion allows the rear end of the sleeve body in a state where the shearing collar portion is sheared to enter. One side bolt with diameter. 3. The one-side bolt according to claim 1, wherein the sleeve is a forged product as a whole. 4. The shape of the tip of the pin head of the pin is spherical.
Wa <br/> down side bolt according to claim 1 of stone claim 3 in which the Jo. 5. The one-side bolt according to claim 1 , wherein the soft sleeve portion of each sleeve is made softer than other portions of the sleeve by heat treatment.