JPH09301267A - Fairlead - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fairlead which is formed with a guide rope surface which is smooth and has large radius of curvature to the diameter of a rope to be used such as a towing rope and a mooring rope, and which has damping suppression of the rupture strength of the rope to be used, and size reduction. SOLUTION: This fairlead 10, whose inside is formed with a guide rope surface 13 and whose ends include openings, is constituted of a main body 11 fixed at a hull and a cover 12 which involves a part of guide rope surface 13 in it, includes a part of one end opening 14 or a part of the one end opening 14 and the other end opening 15, and can be separated from the main body 11. As another structure, the fairlead is constituted of the main body 11 fixed at the hull S and the cover 12 which includes a part of the guide rope surface 13 in it, includes a part of the one end opening 14, and can be separated from the main body 11, the opening of the other end open hole 15 side is made larger than that of the one end opening 14, and the fairlead is formed by tying the guide rope surface 13 with a large and smooth curve which has large radius of curvature R from the one end opening 14 side to the other end opening 15 side.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fairlead attached to a deck or the like of a ship and used for guiding and supporting the tow line or mooring line when the ship is towed or moored.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general ships, when mooring or towing a ship, the mooring line or the towing line is guided,
For supporting, a fairleader (also referred to as a mooring hardware or a guide or a guide) as illustrated in FIGS. 14, 15 and 16 is used by being installed on the deck. 14 is a partial perspective view showing the stern of the ship S, FIG. 15 is an enlarged perspective view of a fairlead attached to the stern of the ship S of FIG. 14, and FIG. 16 is a vertical sectional view of the fairlead shown in FIG. .

In FIG. 14, the fairleader 1 is installed on the deck in the central part of the stern of the ship S or on the deck on both sides of the stern, and the engine of the ship S is stopped, fire, drifting,
In the event of trouble such as grounding, the ship S is towed by a tugboat such as a tugboat. In such a towing operation, a towed rope (WR) is attached to the fairlead 1 at the center of the stern in the figure. It is inserted into the annular opening and connected to the tugboat side. On the other hand, when the ship S is moored at a port or the like, for example, mooring lines W are attached to the fairlead 1 on the starboard side of the stern.
R ₀ is inserted through the annular opening at the center of the mooring line WR ₀
The ship S is locked by this.

In FIG. 14, BO is a bollard, which is wound with the end portions of the tow line WR or the mooring line WR ₀ in multiple layers and locked by frictional force. W _W is for winding up the towline WR or mooring lines WR ₀ is a mooring winch. SC is a screw (propeller) and RD is a rudder. Details of such a fair leader 1 are shown in the perspective view of FIG. The fairleader 1 is provided with an annular guide port 3 opened at the center, and as shown in FIG. 16, the guide face 2 having a semicircular cross section (radius of curvature R ₀ ) is formed at the peripheral edge of the annular opening.
Are formed. The tow line WR or the mooring line WR ₀ is inserted through the guide port 3 and supported or guided by the guide surface 2.

[0005]

In the conventional fairleader 1 shown in FIG. 16 as described above, the bending radius R ₀ of the guide surface 2 is formed to be small, and for example, the used rope (towline WR or It is as small as about 4 times the diameter of the mooring line WR ₀ ) and there is a problem that when the working load becomes large, the breaking strength due to the bending of the line is attenuated, so that the rope cannot exhibit sufficient strength. is there.

In order to solve such a problem, by increasing the bending radius R ₀ of the guide surface 2, it is possible to suppress the attenuation of the breaking strength of the used rope.
Originally, such a fairleader 1 has a central annular guide hole 3 which is large enough to allow a connection fitting or the like having a large outer diameter at the end of the used rope WR or WR ₀ to pass therethrough. In addition to the above, the fairleader itself becomes larger and heavier, and the weight of the fairleader becomes heavier, which does not meet the demand as the ship S to reduce the extra weight and increase the deadweight as much as possible.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the conventional fairlead as described above, and a fairlead capable of reducing the breaking strength of the rope used and reducing the size thereof. The purpose is to provide.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the fairleader of the present invention is constructed as follows.

(1) A guide line for guiding a tow line or a mooring line is formed inside, and one end is opened at each of one end side and the other end side of the guide line in the axial direction. A fairlead in which an opening at the other end is formed, the rope is inserted between the both openings and supported and guided by the guide surface, and the fairlead is fixed to a hull, A cover that has a part of the guide surface inside and a part of the one end opening or a part of the one end opening and a part of the other end opening and is separable from the main body Configured.

In the fairleader having the above-mentioned constitution (1), when the cover has a part of the guide surface and a part of the opening at one end, the cover of the fairleader is separated from the main body so that both sides of the fairleader are separated. A part of the one end opening of the one side opening is cut off, and the one end opening opening appears on the main body side and a part of the guide surface appears as the opening. Therefore, even if terminal fittings such as connecting fittings and stopper fittings having a diameter larger than the rope portion of the used rope are attached to both ends of the used rope, which is a towline or mooring rope, the cover must be separated from the main body. The rope portion of the used rope is applied to the opening portion of the one end opening of the main body, and the conductor surface that appears on the main body side is used, or the other end opening side is connected to a part of the conductor surface. An opening for insertion of the metal fitting is formed so that the terminal metal fitting at either one end of the cable is inserted into the other end opening side, and the cable is attached by attaching the cover to the cable. It can be inserted into the surface.

Further, when the cover has a part of the guide surface and a part of the one end opening and the other end opening, when the cover is separated from the main body, the one end opening and the other end opening are provided on the main body side. And a part of the guide surface appears as an opening,
The ropes of the rope to be used, in which the terminal fittings having a diameter larger than that of the rope are attached to both ends, are applied to the openings of the one end opening and the other end opening on the main body side, respectively. It can be inserted into the guide surface of the. in this case,
It is not necessary to form the opening for inserting the terminal fitting.

Therefore, in the configuration of (1), it is not necessary to enlarge the opening at the one end of the opening on one side together with the terminal fitting such as the connection fitting or the stopper fitting of the cable end having a large diameter. An opening having a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the rope portion, which is almost the same as the diameter of the rope portion of the rope used, can be obtained.
As a result, even if the guide surface is formed by providing a gentle curved surface with a large radius of curvature from the one end opening to the other end opening by making the one end opening side smaller and the other end opening side larger, the fairleader as a whole It is prevented from growing. Therefore, it is possible to form a gradual guide surface having a large radius of curvature with respect to the diameter of the rope used, suppress the attenuation of the breaking strength of the rope used, and obtain the fairlead whose size is suppressed.

When the cover is provided with only a part of the one end opening of the one end opening and the other end opening, the other end opening on the main body side is integrally formed so that the strength of the main body is improved. However, even if a large load is applied to the main body during towing or mooring, a stronger main body can be formed that can withstand the large load, and a strong fairleader can be obtained.

(2) A guide line is formed inside for guiding the tow line or mooring line along the axial direction, and one end opening is formed at each of one end side and the other end side of the guide line in the axial direction. A fairlead in which an opening at the other end is formed, the rope is inserted between the both openings and supported and guided by the guide surface, and the fairlead is fixed to a hull, A cover having a part of the guide surface inside and a part of the one end opening and separable from the main body, and the other end rather than the one end opening side opening. The opening on the end opening side was enlarged, and the guide surface was connected by a gentle curve having a large radius of curvature from the one end opening side to the other end opening side.

In the fairleader having the above-mentioned configuration (2), by separating the cover of the fairleader from the main body, a part of one end of the openings on both sides of the fairleader is cut off. On the main body side, an opening of one end opening appears and a part of the guide surface appears as an opening. Therefore, even if terminal fittings such as connecting fittings and stopper fittings having a diameter larger than the rope portion of the used rope are attached to both ends of the used rope, which is a towline or mooring rope, the cover must be separated from the main body. The rope portion of the used rope is applied to the opening portion of the one end opening of the main body, and the conductor surface that appears on the main body side is used, or the other end opening side is connected to a part of the conductor surface. An opening for insertion of the metal fitting is formed so that the terminal metal fitting at either one end of the cable is inserted into the other end opening side, and the cable is attached by attaching the cover to the cable. It can be inserted into the surface.

Therefore, it is not necessary to enlarge the opening of the one end opening of the one end opening in accordance with the terminal fitting of the rope end having a large diameter, and the rope having a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the rope portion of the rope used. It is possible to make the opening as small as possible by using the opening having a diameter slightly larger than the portion. In addition to this, the size of the other end opening is made larger than the one end opening, and the guide surface is formed by connecting a gentle curve having a large radius of curvature from the one end opening side to the other end opening side. By being
It is possible to prevent the size of the fairlead from becoming large and to make the fairlead as small as possible to make the bending radius of the guide surface sufficiently larger than the diameter of the rope used. A fair leader with less attenuation can be obtained.

Further, since the cover has only a part of the one end opening, the other end opening on the main body side is integrally formed and has no dividing surface, so that the strength of the main body is improved and the main body is improved. Even if a large load is applied to the side during towing or mooring, the main body can be more rigid and can withstand it, and a strong fairlead can be obtained.

(3) In the fair leader of the above (2), the guide surface on the one end opening side is approximately the same size as the tow line or mooring line, and the guide surface is left and right with respect to the axis in plan view. It is formed symmetrically, and the guide surface on the other end opening side is directed diagonally downward from the hull when viewed from the front (when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the axis) when the fairlead is attached to the deck of the hull. As shown in FIG.

In addition to the function and effect of the above (2), the fairleader having the above configuration (3) has the guide surface on the one end opening side,
For example, the diameter of the rope used is slightly larger than the diameter of the rope used, and the size of the conductor on the opening side is made as small as possible. Can be small.

Further, since the guiding surface is formed symmetrically with respect to the axis line in a plan view, the axis line of the towing line connected between the towing ship and the fairlead on the side of the main ship at the time of towing or mooring. Even if the axis of the fairlead on the ship side or the axis of the mooring line and the axis of the fairlead on the ship side do not match with the axis of the mooring line, the tow line or mooring line should be bent with a large bending radius on either the left or right guide surface. It can be supported, guided and towed or moored, and even if the mooring fixing part at the end of the towed ship or mooring line on the side opposite the main ship is lower than the main ship,
The guide line on the opening side of the other end is formed in a gentle curve so that it is directed obliquely downward from the hull when the fairlead is attached to the deck of the hull when viewed from the front, so the rope used for towing or mooring Since the bending radius with respect to the guiding line is increased, it is possible to suppress the decrease in the breaking strength due to the bending of the used rope.

(4) In the fairleader of the above (2) or (3), when the cover is removed from the main body, there is an opening through which the terminal fitting of the end of the towline or mooring line can be inserted. It is configured to be formed.

In the fairleader having the above-mentioned constitution (4), in addition to the effect of the above-mentioned (2) or (3), when the cover is removed from the main body, the main body is formed with an opening for inserting the terminal fitting. By removing the cover, the terminal metal fitting at either one end of the rope to be used is inserted through the other end opening side, and the rope portion of the rope to be used is applied to the opening portion of the one end opening to use the rope. It is possible to easily insert the guide surface of the fairlead.

(5) In the fairleader of (2), (3) or (4) above, the space formed by the guide surface on the opening side of the other end is a metal fitting for the end of the towline or mooring line. It is configured such that a space having a volume that can be accommodated is formed.

In the fairleader having the above-mentioned constitution (5), in addition to the effect of the above-mentioned (2), (3) or (4), the use rope is used in the space formed by the guide surface on the other end opening side. Since the metal fittings for the rope end can be stored and stored, it will not be left on the deck and will not interfere with the navigation of the ship,
It can be taken out and connected to the rope on the tugboat side when necessary.

(6) In the fairleader of (2) or (3) or (4) or (5) above, the outer end face of the one end opening is a toe end to which the connecting fitting of the towline or mooring line is attached. Has a structure in which a stopper fitting fixedly provided at the opposite cable end is formed so as to be capable of abutting and locking.

In the fairleader having the above-mentioned configuration (6), in addition to the effect of the above-mentioned (2) or (3) or (4) or (5), the fairleader itself is towed when the ship is towed or moored. Alternatively, since it can act as a member for receiving a mooring load, it is not necessary to use a towing or mooring line locking device such as a bollard BO that locks a towline or a terminal of a mooring line as in the related art.

[0027]

1 is a vertical sectional front view of a fairlead according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
2 is a right side view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a plan view taken along the line BB of FIG. 3, the left half is a top view, the right half is a cross sectional view, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a guide surface shape as viewed in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 3, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a guide surface shape as viewed in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 3, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a view showing the upper part of the fairleader, and FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line F of FIG.
FIG. 9 is a view showing the upper part of the fairlead, FIG. 9 is an assembly perspective view of the fairlead, and FIG. 10 shows an example of a procedure for towing the ship by a towline by the fairlead installed in the central part of the stern of the deck of the ship. Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing a procedure for inserting a tow line having terminal fittings fixed to its end into a guide surface between the one end opening and the other end opening of the fairlead, and Fig. 12 is a tow line of the tow line. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a state in which the connection fitting of the rope end is stored in the space formed by the guide surface on the opening side of the other end of the fairlead. FIG. 13 shows the towed rope inserted in the guide surface of the fairlead as the fairlead ( Front view showing how to get out of the ship) or store in a fairleader (ship), or
It is a figure which shows the use condition of a towline at the time of towing a ship (portion shown by a two-dot chain line).

First, the structure of the fair leader 10 will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the fairleader 10
Is a guide port 14 as one end opening on the right side along the axial direction.
However, the other end opening 15 is formed on the left side, and a guide surface 13 is formed inside the fair leader 10 between the guide port 14 and the other end opening 15 along the axis. The guide surface 13 is connected to the guide port 14 and the other end opening 15. Then, the fairleader 10 has the most of the guide surface 13 inside.
And a cover 12 having a part of the guiding surface inside and having an upper half of the guiding port 14 and having the other end opening 15.
Is attached to the main body 11 in a detachable (separable) manner as will be described later in detail.

At the lower part of the main body 11, a guide port 14 is provided so that a fair leader can be installed horizontally on the ship S.
A leg 11a which is hung at the lower part of the
Legs 11b extending orthogonally to the leg 11a in the axial direction and arranged on both sides of the axis are integrally provided. The lower ends 11c of the legs 11a and 11b serve as mounting surfaces for the deck of the ship S. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the guide hole 14 and the guide surface 13 connected to the guide hole 13 are formed in a circular cross-section with a small diameter, and the other end opening 15 is large. As shown in FIG. 3, when viewed toward the opening (face-to-face), it is formed on the left and right sides of the longitudinal center line passing through the axial center of the guide port 14, and is formed in a substantially rectangular shape extending horizontally in a horizontal direction. It is formed as a large opening.

The guide port 1 having a circular cross section.
4 and the size of the guideway surface 13 connected to the guideway side, which are connected to the guideline, are the minimum required size (inner diameter) according to the size of the use rope required for towing or mooring (the diameter of the rope). ) Is formed.

The guide port 14 which is the one end opening is located at a position slightly higher than the center height of the fairlead 10.
The guiding surface 13 is formed continuously with the guiding port 14 and extends toward the other end opening 15. The guiding surface 13 has a shape when viewed in a vertical plane including the axis as shown in FIG. The side of the ropeway 14 is made horizontal and is formed by a gentle and smooth curved surface with a large radius of curvature R toward the lower end of the fairleader 10 from there to the other end opening 15. In addition, the guide surface 1
3 is not limited to the shape when cut and seen in a vertical plane including the axis, but is formed gently and smoothly with a large radius of curvature R similarly in a plane oblique to the vertical plane including the axis. For example, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the shape of the guide surface 13 when viewed by cutting at positions inclined by 30 ° and 60 ° from the vertical plane including the axis also has a large radius of curvature. It is formed gently and smoothly with R.

On the other hand, when the guide surface 13 is cut in a horizontal plane including the axis in a plan view, as shown in FIG. 4, it is formed symmetrically and gently with a large radius of curvature R symmetrically with respect to the axis. The other end opening 15 side is largely opened and formed in a trumpet shape. As described above, the guide surface 13 is formed symmetrically with respect to the vertical plane including the axis. In FIG. 1, FIG. 3 to FIG. 6, the range in which the guide surface 13 is formed is shown by the two-dot chain line.

The guide surface 13 is formed below the upper end of the guide port 14 so that the towing line TP or the mooring line is guided and supported by the guide surface 13 at a lower position from the upper end of the guide port 14. Is configured. In FIG. 3, the formation range of the guide surface 13 when viewed toward the other end opening 15 is the height H ₁₃
Thus, the range of the radius R ₁₃ from the axis, that is, the center of the guide port 14 is set. In FIGS. 2 and 3, a two-dot chain line indicated by SP is a line indicating a connecting portion between the curved surface of the guide surface 13 in the other end opening 15 and the plane of the end surface of the other end opening 15.

The inside of the upper part of the main body 11 is mainly a tow line T.
As a space portion for forming a part of the space for storing the connection fitting CL of the terminal of the rope used such as P, and the connection fitting C
It is configured as a space for forming a part of the opening OP for inserting L. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 8, the main body 1
An opening OP for inserting the connecting fitting CL of the tow line TP is formed together with (in cooperation with) the lower guide surface 13 on a vertical division plane PL _V with the cover 12.
That is, if the cover 12 is detached from the main body 11, as shown in FIG. 8, an oval opening (elliptical shape that is long in the vertical direction) OP OP.
Appears.

The cover 12 is formed by swelling its upper portion so as to fit with the upper portion of the opening OP of the main body 11, and has a part of the guide surface 13 inside as described above and also has a guide opening. 14 has an upper half, and a dividing plane PL with the main body is formed with a dividing plane PL _V in a vertical plane orthogonal to the axis and a dividing plane PL _H in a horizontal plane including the axis. the cover 12 has a flange 12c provided with a required number of bolt holes 12d to be positioned lower surface to the dividing plane PL _H of the horizontal plane containing said axis. Then, the cover 12 attaches the flange 12c to the main body 11
In the vertical plane orthogonal to the axis of the cover 12 by mounting and joining the cover mounting seat 11d and screwing the bolt 12e into the screw hole 11e screwed in the cover mounting seat 11d as shown in FIG. attached integrally to the body 11 in a state of being bonded to the dividing plane PL _V in the dividing plane PL _V and the body 11 side vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of.

When the cover 12 is integrally attached to the main body 11, the outer end surface of the guide port 14 is flush with the outer end surface of the main body 11 side so as to form a flange surface, and the end surface of the towed line TP. An end surface of a stopper fitting (stopper socket SS, see FIG. 13) fixedly provided on the end of the wire opposite to the connecting fitting is a surface capable of abutting and locking. A reinforcing rib 12b is integrally provided on the outer upper surface of the cover 12, and a hole 1 for lifting the cover 12 is provided substantially in the center thereof.
2a is provided. As shown in FIG. 9 or FIG.
The lower end surface 11c of the main body 11 is fixedly mounted on the deck at the center of the stern.

Next, the procedure for inserting the towline TP into the fairleader 10 will be described with reference to FIG. At one end of the towline TP, a cable end connecting hardware (clamp) for connecting to a towline on a tugboat side (not shown) as a towing ship
CL is fixed and the other end has stopper metal SS
The outer diameters of the terminal fittings such as the connecting metal CL and the stopper fitting SS are considerably larger than the outer diameter of the rope portion of the towing line TP. Therefore, the fair leader with the cover 12 attached to the main body 11 is fixed. In the case of 10, the tow line TP cannot penetrate the guide port 14 formed so that the inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the line portion of the tow line TP.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, the cover mounting bolts 12e (six in the illustrated example) are loosened to release the connection between the main body 11 and the cover 12, and the cover 12 is separated from the main body 11. The connection hardware CL of the towline TP is brought close to the main body 11 from the side of the ropeway 14, and the other end opening 15 is inserted through the opening OP (see FIG. 8) opened in the main body 11 and taken out from the opening 15 , The opening 14 of the guide port 14 of the main body 11 through the middle of the tow line TP.
By applying it to a, the towline TP is supported by the guide surface 13 between the guide opening 14 and the other end opening 15 which are one end openings, and is supported between the guide opening 14 and the other end opening 15. Can be passed over.

After that, the cover 12 is attached to the main body 11 and the bolts 12e are tightened so that the cover 12 shown in FIG.
The fairleader 10 with the towed line TP inserted through the inner guide surface 13 is assembled as shown in FIG. Note that FIG. 12 shows a state in which the connection fitting TP at the cable end is housed (stored) in a space 10a surrounded by the guide surface 13 on the other end opening 15 side of the fair leader 10.

As described above, the tow line TP can be set on the fairleader 10 by removing the cover 12 from the main body 11. Therefore, the guide port 14 which is one end opening of the fairleader 10 has the towline TP. It is sufficient to make the rope part of the hole penetrate, and the size (diameter) is as small as possible.
Therefore, even if the guiding surface 13 having a large curvature radius R is formed so as to be connected to the guiding port 14 and the guiding surface 13 having a gentle curve is formed, the size of the fairleader 10 is reduced. It is possible to suppress the increase in size.

FIG. 13 shows a procedure for feeding the towline TP inserted into the guide surface 13 of the fairleader 10 from the fairleader (ship) 10 and storing the towline TP in the fairleader (ship) 10. It shows the use state (two-dot chain line) of the tow line when towing. In FIG. 13, a towline storage drum SD is rotatably provided on the rear deck of the ship S by a drive drum DD fixed to the shaft end thereof, and the towline storage drum SD is provided with the towline storage drum SD. The take-up and unwind rope BW connected to the stopper socket SS fixed to the cable end of the TP opposite to the connection hardware CL is wound.

The drive drum DD has a drive rope wound around the mooring winch (not shown) at the other end, and the drive drum DD is rotationally driven by driving the mooring winch. Let the storage drum SD
To rotate. DB is a disc brake provided on a side portion of the storage drum SD, and when the storage drum SD is rotated clockwise in the drawing to give a rotation resistance to the storage drum SD when the tow line TP is extended, a rotation inertia of the drum is provided. (Inertia) is prevented. MR is a pioneer cable, one end of which is connected to the connecting fitting CL of the tow line TP via a coupling tool CJ and the other end of which is connected to a pickup cable (not shown). A marker buoy (buoy), not shown, is connected and attached to the end of the pickup cable.

The operation of the above configuration will be described. The state in which the tow line TP is shown by a solid line in FIG. 13 is, for example, when the tow line TP is connected to a towing ship (tug boat, etc.).
A state in which P is a pilot line MR, a pickup line, and a marker buoy are connected in series and the tow line TP is dropped or thrown onto the sea surface or the river surface is shown in a horizontal straight line shape. Also, in that state, the towed line TP is extended from the fairleader (ship) 10,
The figure shows a state of being accommodated in a fairleader (ship) 10.

That is, a state in which the connection hardware CL at the end of the tow line TP shown in FIG. 12 is stored in the fair leader 10 [at this time, the tow line TP is wound up by the storage drum SD and the connection hardware CL is fair. The precursor cable, pickup cable, and marker buoy (buoy) housed in the leader 10 and coupled to the connection fitting CL are bent at the portion of the coupling tool CJ between the fairing leader 10 and the connection fitting CL.
It is housed in a storage box (not shown) installed on the stern deck of the ship S at a position close to. ] Then, when the tow line TP is fed from the fairleader 10 and connected to the tugboat during towing, the storage drum SD is rotated clockwise in the figure, but the storage drum SD brakes the storage drum SD by the disc brake DB. The marker buoy at the tip, the pickup cable, the precursor cable MR, and the towing cable TP (the side to which the connection metal CL is attached) connected in series to the sea surface or the river surface by their own weight. Try to drop it.

Then, the marker buoy floats on the surface of the sea or the surface of the river, so that the pickup cable connected to the marker buoy is picked up on the tugboat side, and the tip portion of the precursor cable MR is connected to the tugboat. The tow line TP is extended by the stopper metal fitting S of the tow line TP.
S comes into contact with the outer end surface of the guide port 14 of the fairleader 10 and is locked (the state of the stopper fitting SS shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 13). Then, in the case where the height of the towed ship S is considerably higher than that of the tugboat which is a tugboat, when the towline TP is connected to the tugboat or the state of the towline TP when towed by the tugboat is: The state shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 13 is obtained.

During towing in such a state, the tow line TP
The cable portion 1 has a guide surface 1 formed by a gentle curved surface having a large radius of curvature R from the guide opening 14 at one end opening to the other end opening 15.
Since it is supported and guided by No. 3, even when a strong bending due to the towing load acts when the ship S is towed by the tugboat, the breaking strength due to the bending of the rope is prevented from being lowered, and sufficient strength can be maintained as the towing rope. . In this embodiment, the guide surface 13 of the fairlead 10 has a bending radius R and a tow line TP.
The outer diameter D has a magnification (R / D) of about 8 times and is formed by a gentle curved surface. In the present invention, the magnification is preferably 6 times or more.

Although not shown in the drawing, even when the tugs and the ship S are not aligned with each other during towing, for example, when the towing is started, the guide surface 13 moves toward the other end opening 15 side. Since the towed line TP is formed in a symmetrical shape by being expanded left and right with respect to a vertical plane including the axis line of 10 (guide port 14), the tow line TP is provided on either the left or right guide surface 1.
3 can be guided and supported with a large bending radius and towed, and even in this case, it is possible to prevent reduction in breaking strength due to bending of the tow line TP.

When the towing is completed, as described above, the marker buoy, the pickup cable, the precursor cable MR, and the tow cable T connected in series by the storage drum SD.
Roll up P from the sea surface or the river surface to make a marker buoy,
The pickup cable and the pioneer cable MR are stored in the storage box.
The connection hardware CL of the towline TP is inside the fair leader 10 (the space 10a surrounded by the guide surface 13 on the side of the other end opening 15).
Since it is housed in the ship S, it can be effectively used on the deck without hindering the navigation of the ship S.

In the fairleader 10 of this embodiment, the main body 1
Since 1 has all of the other end opening 15 and the divided portion is not formed in the other end opening 15 part, the strength of the main body is made strong, and towing is provided at the peripheral edge of the other end opening 15. Search T
Even if the load by P acts, it can fully endure. Further, since the cover 12 is placed on the upper portion of the position separated from the other end opening 15 side and is separably attached, the tow load is applied to the cover 12 as little as possible. Therefore, the fair leader 10 is formed to have high strength as a whole.

In this embodiment, the cover 12 is attached to the main body 11
Since it is provided so that it can be separated (removed) freely,
0 which is one end opening of the openings on both sides in the axial direction of 0
Since 4 can be made as small as possible in diameter (diameter), it is not necessary to make both openings large, and therefore, it is connected to the guide port 14 thereof and has a gentle curve (curve) with a large radius of curvature R. Even if the guide surface 13 is formed, it is possible to suppress the size of the fairleader 10 from increasing.
Therefore, the fair leader 10 is prevented from increasing in size by preventing the breaking strength from decreasing due to bending of the towline TP.
Is configured as

In the above embodiments, the case where the cover 12 is provided with a part of the guide surface and a part of the opening 14 at one end is shown. For example, the separation surface between the cover and the main body is in a horizontal plane including the axis. The cover 12 is formed over the one end opening (guide port) 14 side and the other end opening 15 side, includes a part of the guide surface, and covers a part of the one end opening 14 and a part of the other end opening 15. It is also possible to form it so as to include it. In such a case, when the cover is separated, a part of the one end opening 14 and a part of the other end opening 15 appear in the main body 11, so that the rope part of the towing line TP is formed. By attaching a cover to the main body by applying one end opening and the other end opening that appear as openings of the main body 11 to the main body 11, terminal fittings CL having a diameter larger than the cord portion are provided at both ends.
Attach the towline TP with SS to one end of the fairlead 14
And the other end opening 15 may be inserted into the guide surface. In this case, it is not necessary to form the opening OP for inserting the terminal fitting CL or SS.

When the fairleader is constructed in this way,
Although the strength of the fairlead is lower than that of the above-mentioned embodiment, there is no problem when it is installed in a small vessel or the like and the towing load is comparatively small. Since the guide hole 14 which is a diameter can be made as small as possible to match the size of the tow line TP, it is not necessary to make both openings large, and therefore, the guide hole 14 is connected to the guide hole 14 continuously. Even if the guide line 13 having a gentle curve with a large radius of curvature R is formed, it is possible to suppress the size of the fairleader 10 from increasing.

In the present invention, the opening on the side of the guide opening 14 having the smaller opening is defined as one end and the opening on the side of the larger opening is defined as the other opening. Needless to say, the opening may be defined as the other end opening and the opening on the larger side may be defined as the one end opening.

Further, there is shown the case where the opening OP for inserting the terminal fitting such as the fitting at the end of the towline TP into the guide surface is provided in the vertical dividing surface PL _V of the cover. In place of the guide wire 1 on a part of the guide surface 13 on the body 11 side
It is also possible to form a recess (recess) by connecting it to 3 so that when the cover is separated from the main body, the recess cooperates with a part of the guide surface to allow the terminal fitting to penetrate.

Further, in the above embodiment, FIG. 10 or FIG.
The case where the fairleader 10 is provided on the deck in the central part of the stern as shown in FIG. 3 and is used for supporting and guiding the towline when the vessel is pulled by a tugboat and navigated has been described. For example, for supporting and guiding mooring lines when the fair leader 10 is mounted on the deck on the stern side (side surface side) of the ship S shown in FIG. Of course, it is also possible to use.

[0056]

As is clear from the above description, the fairleader of the present invention has the following excellent effects.

(1) In the structure of claim 1, when the cover is provided with a part of the guide surface and a part of the opening at one end, the cover of the fairlead is separated from the main body so that A part of one end opening of one of the openings on both sides is cut off, and an opening of one end opening appears on the main body side and a part of the guide surface appears as an opening. Therefore, even if terminal fittings such as connecting fittings and stopper fittings having a diameter larger than the rope portion of the used rope are attached to both ends of the used rope, which is a towline or mooring rope, the cover must be separated from the main body. The rope portion of the used rope is applied to the opening portion of the one end opening of the main body, and the conductor surface that appears on the main body side is used, or the other end opening side is connected to a part of the conductor surface. An opening for insertion of the metal fitting is formed so that the terminal metal fitting at either one end of the cable is inserted into the other end opening side, and the cable is attached by attaching the cover to the cable. It can be inserted into the surface.

When the cover has a part of the guide surface and a part of the one end opening and the other end opening, when the cover is separated from the main body, the one end opening and the other end opening are provided on the main body side. Since the opening appears and a part of the guide surface appears as an opening, the ropes of the used rope with the terminal fittings having a diameter larger than those of the ropes at both ends are opened at one end and the other end at the main body side, respectively. The rope to be used can be applied to the opening, and the rope to be used can be inserted into the guide surface between the both openings. In this case, it is not necessary to form the opening for inserting the terminal fitting.

Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the opening of the one end opening of the one end opening in accordance with the terminal fitting such as the connection fitting or the stopper fitting of the cable end having a large diameter, and The diameter of the opening may be slightly larger than the diameter of the cord portion, which is almost the same as the diameter. As a result, even if the guide surface is formed by providing a gentle curved surface with a large radius of curvature from the one end opening to the other end opening by making the one end opening side smaller and the other end opening side larger, the fairleader as a whole It is prevented from growing. Therefore, it is possible to form a gradual guide surface having a large radius of curvature with respect to the diameter of the rope used, suppress the attenuation of the breaking strength of the rope used, and obtain a fairlead whose size is suppressed. .

(2) In the structure of claim 2, by separating the cover of the fairlead from the main body, a part of the opening on one side of the openings on both sides of the fairlead is cut off, On the main body side, an opening of one end appears, and a part of the guide surface appears as an opening. Therefore,
Even if terminal fittings such as connecting fittings and stopper fittings having a diameter larger than the rope portion of the used rope are attached to both ends of the used rope which is a towline or mooring rope, the cover is separated from the main body and used. The rope portion of the rope is applied to the opening portion of the one end opening of the main body, and the guide surface that appears on the main body side is used, or it is connected to a part of the guide surface and is connected to the other end opening side. By forming an opening for inserting the metal fitting and inserting the terminal metal fitting at either one end of the cable to be used for insertion into the other end opening side, the cable is attached to the main body by attaching the cover to the guide surface. It can be inserted.

Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the opening of the one end opening of the one end opening in accordance with the end fitting of the cable end having a large diameter. It is possible to make the opening as small as possible by using the opening having a diameter slightly larger than the portion. In addition to this, the size of the other end opening is made larger than the one end opening, and the guide surface is formed by connecting a gentle curve having a large radius of curvature from the one end opening side to the other end opening side. By being
It is possible to prevent the size of the fairlead from becoming large and to make the fairlead as small as possible to make the bending radius of the guide surface sufficiently larger than the diameter of the rope used. A fair leader with less attenuation can be obtained.

Since the cover has only a part of the one end opening, the other end opening on the main body side is integrally formed and has no dividing surface, so that the strength of the main body is improved and the main body is improved. Even if a large load is applied to the side during towing or mooring, the main body can be more rigid and can withstand it, and a strong fairlead can be obtained.

(3) In the structure of claim 3, in addition to the effect of claim 2, the axis line of the tow line connected between the towing ship and the fairlead on the side of the main ship at the time of towing or mooring of the ship. Even if the axis of the fairlead on the ship side or the axis of the mooring line and the axis of the fairlead on the ship side do not match with the axis of the mooring line, the tow line or mooring line should be bent with a large bending radius on either the left or right guide surface. The tow line or mooring line can be supported or guided and towed or moored, and even if the mooring fixing part at the end of the tugboat or mooring line on the side opposite the main ship is lower than the main ship Further, since it is guided and supported by the guide surface with a large bending radius in the obliquely downward direction, it is possible to more reliably suppress the decrease in the breaking strength due to bending of the used rope.

(4) In the structure of claim 4, in addition to the effect of claim 2 or claim 3, it is possible to very easily insert the terminal metal fittings of the rope used in the guide surface to the guide surface of the rope used. It is possible to obtain a fairlead that can be extremely easy to insert.

(5) In the structure of claim 5, in addition to the effect of claim 2 or claim 3 or claim 4, in the space formed by the guide surface on the other end opening side, Since the connection fittings can be stored, it can be kept on the deck so that it does not interfere with the navigation of the ship,
The deck can be used effectively.

(6) In the structure of claim 6, in addition to the effects of claim 2 or claim 3 or claim 4 or claim 5, the fairleader itself can be towed or moored when the ship is towed or moored. Since it can act as a receiving member for a tow line, it is not necessary to use a tow line or mooring line locking device such as a bollard BO for locking the end of the tow line or mooring line.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view of a fairlead according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG.

4 is a plan view taken along the line BB in FIG. 3, in which the left half is a top view and the right half is a cross-sectional view.

5 is a diagram showing a guide surface shape as viewed from the direction of the arrow C in FIG.

6 is a diagram showing a guide surface shape as viewed from the direction of the arrow D in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line E of FIG. 1, showing the upper portion of the fairlead.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line F of FIG. 1, showing the upper portion of the fairlead.

FIG. 9 is an assembled perspective view of the fairlead according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and is a perspective view showing an example of a procedure when a ship is towed by a tow line by a fairleader installed at the central part of the stern of the deck of the ship.

FIG. 11 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention, showing a procedure for inserting a towing line having terminal fittings fixedly attached to an end thereof to a guide surface between one end opening and the other end opening of a fairlead. It is a perspective view.

FIG. 12 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and is a perspective view showing a state in which a connecting fitting for a cable end of a towline is stored in a space formed by a guide surface on the other end opening side of the fairlead. .

FIG. 13 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and is a front view showing a procedure when the towline inserted into the guide surface of the fairlead is fed out from the fairlead or is accommodated in the fairlead, or a ship. It is a figure which shows the use condition of a tow line at the time of towing.

FIG. 14 is a partial perspective view showing the stern of a ship S having a conventional fairlead.

FIG. 15 is an enlarged perspective view of a conventional fairlead attached to the stern of the ship S of FIG.

16 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the conventional fairleader shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 fairlead 11 main body 12 cover 13 guide surface 14 guide port (opening at one end) 15 other end opening OP opening for insertion of towed terminal metal fittings PL _V split surface in vertical plane PL _H split surface in horizontal plane R guide wire Surface bending radius S Ship TP Towline CL Connection hardware (clamp) [end fitting] SS Stopper fitting [end fitting] 10a Connection fitting accommodation space

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A guide line is formed inside for guiding a towline or a mooring line along the axial direction, and one end opening and the other are provided at one end side and the other end side of the guide line surface in the axial direction, respectively. A fairlead in which an end opening is formed, the rope is inserted between the both openings and supported and guided by the guide surface, the fairlead being fixed to a hull, and And a cover that has a part of the guide surface and a part of the one end opening or a part of the one end opening and the other end opening and is separable from the main body. Is a fair leader. 2. A guide line is formed inside for guiding a towline or a mooring line along the axial direction, and one end opening and the other are provided on one end side and the other end side of the guide line in the axial direction, respectively. A fairlead in which an end opening is formed, the rope is inserted between the both openings and supported and guided by the guide surface, the fairlead being fixed to a hull, and A cover having a part of the guide surface and a part of the one end opening and separable from the main body, and the other end rather than the one end opening side opening. A fair leader characterized in that an opening on the opening side is enlarged, and the guide surface is connected by a gentle curve having a large radius of curvature from the one end opening side to the other end opening side. 3. The guide line on the one end opening side is approximately the same size as the tow line or mooring line, and the guide line is formed symmetrically with respect to the axis in plan view, and The fairlead according to claim 2, wherein the guide surface on the opening side of the other end is formed so as to be directed obliquely downward from the hull in a front view when the fairlead is attached to the deck of the hull. . 4. The opening according to claim 2, wherein when the cover is removed from the main body, the main body is formed with an opening through which a terminal metal fitting of a cable end of a tow line or a mooring line can be inserted.
Fairleader. 5. The space formed by the guide surface on the opening side of the other end is formed as a space having a volume capable of accommodating a fitting for a cable end of a tow line or a mooring line. Item 2
Or 3 or 4 fairleaders. 6. An outer end surface of the one end opening is formed so that a stopper metal fitting fixed to a wire end of the towline or mooring wire opposite to the wire end to which the connecting metal fitting is attached can be abutted and locked. Claim 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 characterized in that
Fairleader.