JPH09294968A - Method for processing organic waste and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a processing method that can effectively decompose organic waste, such as refuse, with aerobic bacteria. SOLUTION: This apparatus has a processing tank 2 of a bottomed cylinder whose upper opening serves as a charging port 2a and which contains a screw conveyor mechanism SC erected on the center of the bottom of the tank 2 and interlocking with a motor 20 and a collecting member 16 that is operated synchronously with the screw conveyor mechanism SC. A guide cylinder 17 having a prescribed diameter and a prescribed length is provided at an upper part of the screw conveyor mechanism SC to surround the screw conveyor mechanism SC to form a circulation path X between the guide cylinder 17 and the inner wall of the processing tank 2, so that air is supplied into the processing tank 2 along the screw conveyor mechanism SC. Organic waste and aerobic bacteria charged from the charging port 2a are circulated through the circulation path X by the screw conveyor mechanism SC and the collecting member 17 to be mixed uniformly and then are allowed to stand, so that the organic waste is decomposed to disappear, or reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to homes, hotels,
Bacteria can decompose organic waste such as cooking waste and leftover food discharged from restaurants, etc., and organic waste such as raw waste discharged in the process of food production, to efficiently reduce or eliminate the volume. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating organic waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As one of the means for decomposing organic waste such as raw garbage, is it possible to decompose the organic waste by aerobic bacteria in the presence of oxygen (air) to significantly reduce the volume? Alternatively, in order to substantially eliminate it, a screw blade is installed in the horizontal type processing tank, organic waste is charged from one end of the processing tank, and stirring is performed with the screw carrier together with the bacterial carrier inhabiting bacteria. It is known to move the organic waste toward the other end while decomposing and treating the organic waste.

[0003]

Since such a treatment apparatus having a horizontal treatment tank is a method of decomposing and treating the organic waste from one end side to the other end of the treatment tank, the treatment is performed. When the tank is not long enough, it is difficult to completely treat the organic waste. Therefore, the treatment tank inevitably becomes large and requires a large installation area, and since all the organic waste and the bacterial carrier are agitated and moved by the screw blade, a large-diameter screw blade is required. There is a problem that power increases as cost increases.
Furthermore, since it is a one-pass method using a screw blade, there are many problems to be solved, such as insufficient mixing of the organic waste and the bacterial carrier, which requires a long time to complete the decomposition.

In view of the above problems, the present invention does not provide a treatment method capable of efficiently decomposing organic waste and a compact and economically advantageous treatment apparatus used for the treatment method. It is what

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention uses an upper opening as a charging port, and a screw conveyor mechanism is erected at the center, The organic waste is charged together with the aerobic bacteria and the aerobic bacteria carrier into a cylindrical treatment tank provided with a guide tube surrounding the upper part of the screw conveyor mechanism, and air is directed from the lower part to the upper part of the processing tank. While driving the screw conveyor mechanism to mix the organic waste and aerobic bacteria, the mixture is raised inside the guide cylinder by the screw conveyor mechanism to form between the inner wall of the treatment tank and the outer wall of the guide cylinder. It is circulated in the processing tank by sending it to the space where it is generated and agitated sufficiently, and then the screw conveyor mechanism is driven while supplying air. Stop the processing method of organic waste, which comprises decomposing organic waste by allowing it to stand a predetermined time.

Further, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a screw conveyor mechanism interlocking with a motor is erected at the center of the bottom surface of a bottomed cylindrical processing tank having an upper opening as an input port, and the screw is installed. A scraping member that operates in synchronism with the conveyor mechanism is provided, and a guide cylinder having a predetermined diameter and length is provided in the upper part of the screw conveyor mechanism so as to surround the screw conveyor mechanism and between the inner wall of the processing tank. A circulation path is formed in the processing tank, air is supplied into the processing tank along the screw conveyor mechanism, and the organic waste and aerobic bacteria introduced from the inlet are screw conveyor mechanism and scraping member. In the apparatus for treating organic waste, the organic waste is decomposed by being circulated in the circulation path and uniformly mixed by stirring, and then left standing. That.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, organic waste such as garbage is decomposed by using aerobic bacteria, and such aerobic bacteria are known as, for example, aerobic rods. The known Bacillus subtilis can be preferably used, but it is not particularly limited as long as it is an aerobic bacterium. This aerobic is used in the form of a bacterial carrier supported on a carrier.

The treatment of such organic waste is carried out by using a cylindrical treatment tank. More specifically, the treatment tank is composed of a cylindrical body having a bottom, and its upper opening is As an input port for organic waste and aerobic bacteria, a screw conveyor mechanism is arranged vertically at the center of the bottom surface, and the upper part of the screw conveyor mechanism is surrounded by the screw blades of the screw conveyor mechanism. A cylindrical guide tube having a predetermined diameter and length is provided, and a circulation path is formed between the guide tube and the inner wall of the processing tank.

The processing tank constituting the processing apparatus may have a straight cylindrical upper portion with a conical diameter reduction at the lower portion and a reduced diameter flat surface at the central portion of the bottom portion. Further, it may be a straight cylindrical shape having the same diameter in all of the vertical direction, and in any case, it may be a vertical type having a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole.

The screw conveyor mechanism provided at the center of the inside of such a vertical type processing tank is preferably a hollow fixed shaft that is internally fitted to a hollow fixed shaft standing at the center of the inner bottom of the processing tank and is driven by a motor. The drive shaft and a hollow support cylinder that is fitted onto the fixed shaft and is joined to the fixed shaft at the upper end portion. Screw blades are fixed to the outer periphery of the support cylinder, and the base end portion of the support cylinder is provided with the screw blades. The scraping member is fixed, and the screw blade and the scraping member are driven in association with the rotation of the drive shaft.

Air for decomposing by aerobic bacteria is supplied into the drive shaft from the lower end through an attached air supply blower to the drive shaft, and a through hole provided in the upper end of the drive shaft and a support cylinder are provided. It is desirable to supply the mixture of the organic waste and aerobic bacteria in the treatment tank through the through hole provided in the lower part.

The scraping member is fixedly arranged on the support cylinder in the vicinity of the bottom surface of the processing tank. However, in a processing tank having a conical diameter-reduced lower portion, the scraping member extends along the conical diameter-reduced inner surface. And a scraping member having one or more blades twisted at a predetermined angle with respect to the inner surface of the reduced diameter, and in a straight cylindrical processing tank, the scraping member is arranged along the vicinity of the bottom of the processing tank. It is desirable that the scraping member has one or more curved blades.

It is desirable that an exhaust tube having an exhaust blower is provided above the processing tank of the processing apparatus to appropriately discharge the generated gas and odor. Further, it is preferable that the processing tank and the interior portion of these processing apparatuses are made of a steel material such as stainless steel for the purpose of preventing strength, corrosion and rusting.

[0014]

In the apparatus for treating organic waste according to the present invention, when the organic waste is fed from the inlet on the upper part of the treatment tank, the screw conveyor mechanism uniformly mixes the organic waste and aerobic bacteria. At the same time, this mixture is pushed up by the screw conveyor mechanism to the upper part of the processing tank. At that time, the organic waste is surely collected at the bottom of the treatment tank by the scraping member provided at the bottom of the treatment tank, is uniformly mixed with aerobic bacteria, and is sent upward by the screw conveyor mechanism. Since the guide cylinder is provided above the conveyor mechanism, the organic waste sent upward by the screw conveyor mechanism is passed through the circulation path formed between the treatment tank and the guide cylinder to the bottom of the treatment layer again. When sent, the organic waste and the aerobic bacteria are mixed more uniformly, and the decomposition and treatment of the organic waste by the aerobic bacteria is promoted.

On the other hand, the apparatus for treating organic waste according to the present invention is provided with the screw conveyor mechanism for agitating and mixing the organic waste and the aerobic bacteria which are put into the cylindrical treatment tank. The installation area can be reduced,
Since a part of the mixture of the organic waste and the bacterial carrier by the screw conveyor mechanism is more reliably circulated in the treatment tank by providing the scraping member,
Power for operation may be small.

[0016]

Embodiments of the organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention will be described below more specifically with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the organic waste treatment apparatus 1 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a lid 4 is provided in an upper opening portion so as to be openable and closable to serve as an organic waste input port 2a, and the lower portion is conically reduced in diameter. A processing tank 2 having a cylindrical shape with a bottom and an inverted truncated cone shape, and the processing tank 2
And a box 25 for supporting the lower part of the box and accommodating devices such as the motor 20.

The processing tank 2 is made of a steel material such as stainless steel, and the upper cylindrical portion has a diameter of about 6 mm.
The bottom plate 3 has a diameter of about 220 mm, the total height from the bottom plate 3 to the charging port 4 is about 1000 mm, and an exhaust pipe 6 having an exhaust blower 5 is provided above the processing tank 2.

At the center of the bottom plate 3 of the processing tank 2, a hollow fixed shaft 7 and the fixed shaft 7 are fixed because the organic waste and the aerobic bacteria introduced into the processing tank 2 are stirred and mixed for decomposition. A drive shaft 8 fitted into the shaft 7 and a support cylinder 11 provided on the outer circumference of the fixed shaft 7 and integrally provided with screw blades 13 on the outer peripheral surface thereof and rotating in synchronization with the drive shaft 8; The screw conveyor mechanism SC composed of is provided in a vertical state.

That is, a through hole having a predetermined diameter is formed in the central portion of the bottom plate 3 of the processing tank 2, and a hollow fixed shaft 7 is erected around the through hole and the fixed shaft is provided. A hollow drive shaft 8 is inserted into the inside 7 from the bottom. A sprocket wheel 10 that is interlocked with a drive shaft of a motor 20 via a chain 9 is fixed to a base end portion of the drive shaft 8.

On the other hand, a hollow support cylinder 11 is rotatably erected on the outer circumference of the fixed shaft 7, and the upper end of the drive shaft 8 and the upper end of the support cylinder 11 are integrated with the pin 12. The screw blade 13 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the support cylinder 11, so that the drive shaft 8 is rotated simultaneously with the rotation of the motor 20, and the support cylinder 11 is rotated.
Also rotates in synchronization with each other, so that the screw blade 13 operates. Reference numeral 14 in the drawing denotes a cap member for preventing waste and water contained therein from entering the drive shaft 8 and contaminating the box 25.

It should be noted that the base end portion of the support tube 11 extends along the upper surface of the bottom plate 3 of the processing tank 2 in order to scrape the organic waste put into the processing tank 2 downward. The two narrow widths are slanted in a slanting direction along the inner surface of the lower portion of the processing tank 2 having a reduced diameter, and are twisted at a predetermined twisting angle with respect to the inclined inner peripheral surface of the lower portion of the processing tank 2. The scraping member 16 composed of the blades 15a and 15b is integrally provided.

Further, above the screw conveyor mechanism SC, a guide cylinder 17 for surely circulating the mixture of organic waste and aerobic bacteria lifted from below by the screw blades 13 downward again. Is provided. The guide tube 17 is formed of a cylindrical body having a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the screw blade 13, and is fixed to the inner wall of the processing tank 2 by holding members 17a and 17b. A circulation path X is formed between the outer peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface.

An air supply pipe 19 of an air supply blower 18 arranged in a box 25 is connected to a base end portion of the drive shaft 8 via a rotary joint 21 so that air is supplied into the drive shaft 8. Has been done. Therefore,
The air sent from the air supply blower 18 to the inside through the base end portion of the drive shaft 8 has a through hole 22 provided at the upper end portion of the drive shaft 8 and a through hole 2 provided at the lower end portion of the support cylinder 11.
It is discharged into the processing tank 2 via 3. In addition, 24 is a control switch.

The decomposition treatment of organic waste by the treatment apparatus 1 having such a constitution is carried out as follows. First, the lid 4 of the processing apparatus 1 is opened and the processing tank 2 is opened from the inlet 2a.
The organic carrier and the bacterial carrier carrying the aerobic bacteria are introduced into. Since the organic wastes thrown into the treatment tank 2 are successively accumulated at the bottom of the treatment tank 2 by its own weight, if a certain amount of the organic wastes is accumulated in the treatment tank 2, it may be manually or automatically. The control switch 24 is turned on. When the control switch 24 is turned on, the stirring motor 20, the air supply blower 18, and the exhaust blower 5 are activated.

When the motor 20 is driven, the motor 20
Sprocket wheel 1 directly connected with the chain 9
Since 0 rotates, the drive shaft 8 fixed to the sprocket wheel 10 also rotates, and at the same time, the support cylinder 11 and the screw blade 13 that are connected via the pin 12 also rotate,
The input organic waste and bacterial carrier are mixed by stirring. At that time, the screw blade 13 and the scraping member 1
6 operates at a predetermined rotation speed and rotation speed.

The mixture of the organic waste and the bacterial carrier, which are stirred and mixed by the operation of the screw blades 13,
At the same time as being collected under the central screw conveyor mechanism SC by the scraping member 16, the screw blade 1
3 and then rises up, passes through the inside of the guide cylinder 17, and from the upper part of the guide cylinder 17 to the inner peripheral wall of the processing tank 2 and the guide cylinder 1.
7 is sent out to the circulation path X formed between the outer peripheral portion of
While descending again, it is further agitated and mixed by the screw blade 13 and the scraping member 16.

On the other hand, by driving the air supply blower 18, air for decomposing by bacteria is sent to the lower part of the drive shaft 8 through the air supply pipe 19, and the through hole 22 provided in the drive shaft 8 and the support cylinder 11 are provided. It is discharged into the treatment tank 2 through the through hole 23 provided in the above, and contacts the mixture of the organic waste and the bacterial carrier to promote the growth of aerobic bacteria and promote the decomposition of the waste by fermentation. At this time, the exhaust blower 5 removes gas and odor generated in the processing tank 2 from the exhaust pipe 6
It is released into the atmosphere through the. Such operation is controlled by a set value incorporated in the control switch 24. The stirring and mixing of the organic waste and the bacterial carrier by driving the motor 20 is usually within 20 to 60 minutes, although it varies depending on the amount and quality of the organic waste.

When the stirring and mixing by the screw conveyor mechanism SC is completed, only the intake blower 18 is operated to supply air into the treatment tank 2 and the organic waste and the bacterial carrier which are uniformly stirred and mixed are treated by the treatment tank 2. When left for at least 15 hours or more, and more preferably for about 24 hours, aerobic bacteria grow and at the same time, the organic waste is decomposed and treated, so that the organic waste gradually disappears or decreases. For example, when 150 liters of a bacterial carrier (0.5 liters of bacteria) was mixed with 12 kg of garbage, the mixture was stirred and mixed for 30 minutes during the day and left standing for 12 hours at night.
Most of the garbage has disappeared. In addition, the addition of bacteria was about 0.1 l per week at the above-mentioned pace.

FIG. 3 shows another example of the organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention. This treatment apparatus 31 has a lid 33 which is openable and closable at an upper opening portion thereof and is provided with an organic waste input port. And a processing tank 32 consisting of a bottomed cylindrical body,
An exhaust pipe 35 having an exhaust blower 34 is provided in the upper part of the processing tank 32, and a motor 51 and an air supply blower 5 are provided in the lower part.
It is supported by a box 50 accommodating 1. In addition, 5
Reference numeral 3 is a control switch.

A hollow fixed shaft 37 is provided at the center of the bottom plate of the processing tank 32, a drive shaft 36 is inserted into the fixed shaft 37, and the outer circumference of the fixed shaft 37 is rotatably provided. A screw conveyor mechanism SC including a support cylinder 39 having a screw blade 38 on its surface, and a guide cylinder 40 rotatably incorporating the screw blade 38 constituting the screw conveyor mechanism SC are provided, and an outer peripheral portion of the guide cylinder 40 is provided. The point that the circulation path X is formed between the inner peripheral walls of the processing tank 32 is substantially the same as the above-mentioned embodiment.

However, the processing tank 32 is not supported by the support cylinder 3.
Scraping member 41 integrally attached to the base end of 9
Is different from the embodiment shown in FIGS. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the scraping member 41 is configured by providing two blades 42, 42 curved on one side with an involute curve drawn on the outer periphery of the base end portion of the drive shaft 36. Therefore, the organic waste introduced from the inlet is agitated and mixed with the aerobic bacteria by the screw blades 38, and scraped by the scraping member 41 to the lower part of the screw conveyor mechanism SC,
It is pushed up by the screw conveyor mechanism SC, passes through the guide tube 40, and passes through the circulation path X again.
It circulates in the inside of the tank 2, and the scraping member 41 having this structure can sufficiently exhibit its function even if the processing tank 32 has a right cylindrical shape. Reference numeral 4 in FIG.
2 is a pin, 43 is a cap member, 44 is a sprocket wheel, 45 is a chain, 46 is an air supply pipe, and 47 is a through hole. In addition, this processing device 31 can easily input the organic waste from the input port using the upper surface on the right side of the box 50 as a step.

[0032]

The method of treating organic waste according to the present invention comprises:
Put organic waste such as garbage together with bacteria carrier supporting bacteria in a cylindrical processing tank with a screw conveyor mechanism in the center, and use organic material and bacteria carrier inside the processing tank with screw blades. By circulating and stirring uniformly, the mixture is left standing while supplying air to grow aerobic bacteria and decompose organic waste, so the operation of treating organic waste is extremely simple. Be converted. In particular, by circulating the organic waste and the bacterial carrier in the treatment tank with the screw blade, the organic waste and the bacterial carrier are mixed more uniformly, and the aerobic bacteria are evenly dispersed in the organic waste. Therefore, decomposition treatment by aerobic bacteria can be carried out very smoothly and in a short time.

On the other hand, the apparatus for treating organic waste of the present invention is a treatment tank of a conical shape whose lower part is reduced to a conical shape or a vertical treatment tank having a generally cylindrical shape. A screw conveyor mechanism consisting of a hollow fixed shaft and a hollow drive shaft in the center of the inside and a hollow support cylinder provided with screw blades on the outer periphery is provided, and an organic waste and a bacterial carrier are provided above the screw conveyor mechanism. Since the guide cylinder for circulating in the treatment tank is provided, the organic waste introduced from the upper portion of the treatment tank can be easily and easily uniformly mixed with the bacterial carrier carrying the aerobic bacteria.

In particular, when the organic waste and the bacterial carrier are circulated in the treatment tank, a scraping member is provided below the screw conveyor mechanism so that the organic waste and the bacterial carrier circulate in the treatment tank. The mixture of can be surely scraped under the screw blade,
A part of it circulates through the circulation path formed between the processing tank and the guide tube through the inside of the guide tube by the screw conveyor, and in combination with the air supply of the air supply blower, sufficient decomposition by the bacteria is performed. be able to.

Further, since this treatment apparatus is of a vertical type, it does not require a large installation area, and since the input port for the organic waste is formed in the upper part of the vertical type treatment tank, the input organic waste is discarded. Items can be collected under the processing tank by their own weight. Furthermore, since a part of the mixture of the organic waste and the bacterial carrier is circulated inside the processing tank by the scraping member and the screw conveyor, the driving power is remarkably low, and the organic solvent is circulated by the circulation. The waste and the bacterial carrier are sufficiently mixed so that the organic waste can be greatly reduced in volume or eliminated in a short time. In addition, it has an excellent advantage that the organic waste can be automatically decomposed as long as the organic waste is charged from the upper part of the treatment tank by automatically performing the operation with the control switch. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of an organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a main part of the processing apparatus in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing another apparatus for treating organic waste according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the shape of a scraping member of the processing apparatus in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,31 Treatment equipment for organic waste 2,32 Treatment tank 4,33 Lid 7,37 Hollow fixed shaft 8,36 Hollow drive shaft 11,39 Support cylinder 13,38 Screw blade SC screw conveyor 16,41 Scratch Shifting member 20,51 Motor 25,50 Box

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An organic material is provided in a cylindrical processing tank in which an upper opening is used as a charging port, a screw conveyor mechanism is provided upright in a central portion, and a guide cylinder is provided so as to surround an upper portion of the screw conveyor mechanism. The waste is charged together with the aerobic bacteria and the aerobic bacteria carrier, and the screw conveyor mechanism is driven while air is supplied from the lower part of the treatment tank to the upper part to mix the organic waste and the aerobic bacteria, and at the same time. The mixture is raised in the guide cylinder by a screw conveyor mechanism, and is circulated in the processing tank by sending it to the space formed between the inner wall of the processing tank and the outer wall of the guide cylinder to perform sufficient agitation, and then the air The organic waste is characterized by decomposing the organic waste by stopping the driving of the screw conveyer while supplying it and leaving it to stand for a predetermined time. Waste treatment method. 2. The processing tank is provided with a scraping member that operates in synchronization with the screw conveyor mechanism at the bottom of the tank,
2. The organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the mixture of the organic waste and the aerobic bacteria is collected in the lower part of the screw conveyor mechanism, and the mixture is supplied into the upper guide cylinder by the screw conveyor mechanism. Processing method. 3. A scraper mechanism which is erected at the center of the bottom surface of a bottomed cylindrical processing tank having an upper opening as an input port and which operates in synchronization with the screw conveyor mechanism. A pulling member is provided, and a guide tube having a predetermined diameter and length is provided in the upper portion of the screw conveyor mechanism to surround the screw conveyor mechanism to form a circulation path between the inner wall of the processing tank and the screw. It is configured to supply air into the treatment tank along the conveyor mechanism, and the organic waste and aerobic bacteria introduced from the inlet are circulated in the circulation path by the screw conveyor mechanism and the scraping member to be uniform. An apparatus for treating organic wastes, characterized in that the organic wastes are decomposed by being left to stand after being mixed by stirring. 4. The processing tank has a straight cylindrical upper portion with a lower portion having a conical diameter reduced to form a flat bottom portion in the center, and the scraping member extends along the conical diameter reduced inner surface. The apparatus for treating organic waste according to claim 3, further comprising one or 22 or more blades which are rotated by a screw and twisted at a predetermined angle with respect to the reduced diameter inner surface. 5. The treatment tank has a right circular cylinder shape, and the scraping member has one or more curved blades arranged along the vicinity of the bottom portion. Decomposition device for organic waste. 6. The screw conveyor mechanism includes a hollow drive shaft that is internally fitted to a hollow fixed shaft that is erected at the center of the bottom of a processing tank and is driven by the motor, and an outer fit that is externally fitted to the fixed shaft. The driving shaft and a supporting cylinder provided with screw blades on the outer peripheral portion coupled at the upper end portion, and fixing the scraping member to the outer periphery of the base end portion of the supporting cylinder, the screw blade and the scraping member. The apparatus for treating organic waste according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the apparatus is configured to rotate synchronously. 7. The drive shaft supplies air for decomposing by aerobic bacteria into the drive shaft from a lower end through an attached air supply blower, and a through hole provided at an upper end of the drive shaft and the support cylinder. The apparatus for decomposing organic waste according to claim 6, wherein the organic waste in the processing tank is supplied with air through a through hole provided in a lower portion. 8. The apparatus for treating organic waste according to claim 4, wherein an exhaust pipe is provided at an upper portion of the treatment tank.