JPH09294709A - Endoscope - Google Patents
EndoscopeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09294709A JPH09294709A JP8113798A JP11379896A JPH09294709A JP H09294709 A JPH09294709 A JP H09294709A JP 8113798 A JP8113798 A JP 8113798A JP 11379896 A JP11379896 A JP 11379896A JP H09294709 A JPH09294709 A JP H09294709A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- image
- objective optical
- optical system
- endoscope
- image pickup
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、視野方向の異なる
複数の対物光学系に対して1つの固体撮像素子を設けた
内視鏡に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an endoscope provided with one solid-state image pickup device for a plurality of objective optical systems having different visual field directions.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、細長な挿入部を体腔内に挿入し
て、体腔内の様子を無血的に観察できる医療用の内視鏡
や、機械及び化学プラントなどの管内、或いは、機械内
を非破壊で観察及び検査のできる工業用の内視鏡が広く
利用されている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a slender insertion portion is inserted into a body cavity so that the inside of the body cavity can be observed bloodlessly, a medical endoscope, a pipe of a machine and a chemical plant, or a machine. Non-destructive observation and inspection industrial endoscopes are widely used.
【0003】これら内視鏡には挿入部の先端側に、CC
Dなどの固体撮像素子を配設した電子内視鏡がある。こ
の電子内視鏡は、対物光学系を介して固体撮像素子に結
像した光学像を電気信号に光電変換し、この固体撮像素
子で得られた電気信号を信号処理手段に出力し、この信
号処理手段で生成された画像信号をモニタ画面上に出力
して、内視鏡観察画像の観察を行なえるようにしたもの
である。These endoscopes have a CC on the tip side of the insertion section.
There is an electronic endoscope provided with a solid-state image sensor such as D. This electronic endoscope photoelectrically converts an optical image formed on a solid-state image sensor through an objective optical system into an electric signal, outputs the electric signal obtained by the solid-state image sensor to a signal processing means, and outputs the signal. The image signal generated by the processing means is output on the monitor screen so that the endoscopic observation image can be observed.
【0004】例えば、実公平4−40183号公報に
は、内視鏡の挿入部の先端側に1つのCCDと、複数の
対物光学系とを配設し、このCCDの撮像面上の異なる
領域に、前記複数の対物光学系を介してとらえた被検部
位の光学像を結像させ、このCCDで光電変換して得ら
れた電気信号を画像信号に生成した後、一挙にTVモニ
タの画面上等に写し出すことによって、電気的な画像処
理を不要にして電気回路構成の簡素化を図り、ひいては
内視鏡装置のコストダウンを試みた技術が示されてい
る。また、この公報には被検部位と内視鏡観察画像との
位置関係及び方向感覚を狂わさないようにする技術が示
されている。For example, in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-40183, one CCD and a plurality of objective optical systems are arranged on the distal end side of the insertion portion of the endoscope, and different areas on the image pickup surface of the CCD. , An optical image of the region to be inspected captured through the plurality of objective optical systems is formed, and an electric signal obtained by photoelectric conversion by this CCD is generated into an image signal, and then the screen of the TV monitor is displayed all at once. There is disclosed a technique in which by projecting the image on the upper side or the like, electric image processing is not required, the electric circuit configuration is simplified, and the cost of the endoscope apparatus is reduced. Further, this publication discloses a technique for preventing the positional relationship between the region to be inspected and the endoscopic observation image and the sense of direction from being disturbed.
【0005】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前記実
公平4−40183号公報では対物光学系でとらえた直
視像や側視像を、対物光学系内に設けたミラーや台形プ
リズムなどを介してCCDの撮像面まで導いて結像させ
ているので、被検部位と内視鏡観察画像との位置関係が
変化して、CCDから出力された電気信号を信号処理装
置で画像信号に生成しただけで、出力装置であるTVモ
ニタなどに表示すると、このTVモニタに表示された内
視鏡観察画像が被検部位に対して裏像になってしまう。
また、これを解消しようとすると、前記信号処理装置内
に、裏像を電気的に表像に変換するための裏像補正回路
を設けなければならないが、この裏像補正回路を設ける
ことにより、信号処理装置内の電気回路が複雑になって
内視鏡装置のコストアップの要因になってしまう。However, in the above Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-40183, a direct-view image or a side-view image captured by an objective optical system is transferred to a CCD via a mirror or a trapezoidal prism provided in the objective optical system. Since the image is guided to the image pickup surface of, the positional relationship between the region to be inspected and the endoscopic observation image changes, and the electrical signal output from the CCD is simply generated as an image signal by the signal processing device. When displayed on a TV monitor or the like which is an output device, the endoscopic observation image displayed on this TV monitor becomes a back image of the site to be examined.
Further, in order to eliminate this, it is necessary to provide a back image correction circuit for electrically converting a back image into a front image in the signal processing device, but by providing this back image correction circuit, The electric circuit in the signal processing device becomes complicated, which increases the cost of the endoscope device.
【0006】さらに、前記公報ではCCDを、内視鏡長
手方向に対して平行に配置しているため、CCDを実装
した内視鏡の挿入部先端側が太径になるという不具合が
あった。Further, in the above publication, since the CCD is arranged in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the endoscope, there is a problem that the tip side of the insertion portion of the endoscope having the CCD mounted therein has a large diameter.
【0007】本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので
あり、視野方向の異なる複数の対物光学系でとらえた被
検部位の光学像を正確に且つ観察しやすくする内視鏡を
提供することを目的にしている。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides an endoscope that makes it possible to accurately and easily observe an optical image of a region to be examined captured by a plurality of objective optical systems having different visual field directions. Is intended for.
【0008】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の内視鏡は、視野
方向が互いに異なる複数の対物光学系と前記複数の対物
光学系でとらえた被検部位の光学像が結像する1つの固
体撮像素子とを挿入部の先端側に配設した内視鏡であっ
て、前記固体撮像素子の撮像面に被検部位の光学像を、
表像の状態で結像するように各対物光学系を構成し、こ
の固体撮像素子に結像した複数の表像を出力装置に同時
に表示する。The endoscope of the present invention comprises a plurality of objective optical systems having different visual field directions, and a single solid body on which optical images of a region to be examined captured by the plurality of objective optical systems are formed. An endoscope in which an image pickup device is provided on the distal end side of an insertion portion, and an optical image of a site to be examined is displayed on an image pickup surface of the solid-state image pickup device.
Each objective optical system is configured so as to form an image in the form of a surface image, and a plurality of surface images formed on the solid-state image sensor are simultaneously displayed on the output device.
【0009】この構成によれば、複数の視野方向の対物
光学系を介して固体撮像素子の撮像面に結像した被検部
位の表像の光学像をTVモニタなどの出力装置に表示す
ることによって、被検部位の観察を正確に行えると共
に、内視鏡使用時の使い勝手が向上する。According to this structure, the optical image of the surface image of the region to be inspected formed on the image pickup surface of the solid-state image pickup device through the objective optical systems in the plural visual field directions is displayed on the output device such as a TV monitor. Thereby, it is possible to accurately observe the site to be inspected and improve the usability when using the endoscope.
【0010】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図面を参照して本発明の実
施の形態を説明する。図1ないし図7は本発明の第1の
実施形態に係り、図1は内視鏡の外観を示す図、図2は
図1のA部の拡大斜視図、図3は図2の矢印X側から見
たときの図、図4は図2の矢印Y側から見たときの図、
図5は直視対物光学系と上方視対物光学系とのレイアウ
トの1例を示す概念図、図6は上方視対物光学系の構成
を説明する断面図、図7は内視鏡の作用を具体的に示す
説明図である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 7 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a view showing an outer appearance of an endoscope, FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an arrow X in FIG. FIG. 4 is a view seen from the side, FIG. 4 is a view seen from the arrow Y side in FIG.
5 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the layout of the direct-viewing objective optical system and the upward-viewing objective optical system, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the configuration of the upward-viewing objective optical system, and FIG. 7 shows the operation of the endoscope. FIG.
【0011】図1に示すように本実施形態の内視鏡1
は、細長で可撓性を有する挿入部2にCCDなどの固体
撮像素子を備えた電子内視鏡(以下内視鏡と記載)であ
り、この挿入部2の手元側端には操作部3が設けられ、
この操作部3の側部からは照明光を伝送するライトガイ
ドケーブル(不図示)や信号ケーブルを内蔵したユニバ
ーサルコード4が延出している。As shown in FIG. 1, the endoscope 1 according to the present embodiment.
Is an electronic endoscope (hereinafter referred to as an endoscope) having a slender and flexible insertion portion 2 with a solid-state image pickup device such as a CCD, and an operating portion 3 is provided at a proximal end of the insertion portion 2. Is provided,
A universal cord 4 having a built-in light guide cable (not shown) for transmitting illumination light and a signal cable extends from a side portion of the operation portion 3.
【0012】前記挿入部2は、先端側より先端構成部
5,複数の湾曲駒を連接した湾曲部6及び可撓性を有す
る軟性部7を連設して形成されており、前記操作部3に
設けられている湾曲操作ノブ8を操作することによっ
て、湾曲部6を所望の方向に湾曲させて先端構成部5を
上下左右に移動させることができるようになっている。The insertion portion 2 is formed by connecting a tip forming portion 5, a bending portion 6 connecting a plurality of bending pieces and a flexible portion 7 in series from the distal end side, and the operating portion 3 By operating the bending operation knob 8 provided in the, the bending portion 6 can be bent in a desired direction to move the tip forming portion 5 vertically and horizontally.
【0013】なお、前記ユニバーサルコード4の端部に
は照明光を供給する光源を内蔵した光源装置(不図示)
に着脱自在なコネクタ及び前記CCDから出力された電
気信号を画像信号に生成してTVモニタ等の出力装置に
供給する信号処理装置に着脱自在なコネクタが設けられ
ている。A light source device (not shown) having a built-in light source for supplying illumination light is provided at an end of the universal cord 4.
A detachable connector and a detachable connector are provided in a signal processing device that generates an electric signal output from the CCD as an image signal and supplies the image signal to an output device such as a TV monitor.
【0014】図2ないし図4に示すように前記内視鏡1
の挿入部2の先端構成部5には内視鏡1の長手方向前方
の直視像を得る複数の光学部材を配設して形成した光学
系である直視対物光学系11及び内視鏡長手方向前方を
照らす前方照明光学系12と、前記内視鏡1の長手方向
に交差する例えば上方の側視像を得る複数の光学部材で
形成した光学系である上方視対物光学系13及び内視鏡
1の長手方向に交差する方向を照らす上方照明光学系1
4とが設けられている。As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the endoscope 1
A direct-viewing objective optical system 11 which is an optical system formed by arranging a plurality of optical members for obtaining a front-view image of the endoscope 1 in the longitudinal direction and a longitudinal direction of the endoscope. A front illumination optical system 12 that illuminates the front, and an upper-view objective optical system 13 and an endoscope that are optical systems formed by a plurality of optical members that cross the longitudinal direction of the endoscope 1 and obtain, for example, an upper side-view image. Upper illumination optical system 1 for illuminating a direction intersecting with the longitudinal direction of 1
4 are provided.
【0015】図5に示すように前記直視対物光学系11
の光軸11a及び上方視対物光学系13の光軸13a
は、内視鏡1の長手方向に対して平行に並設しており、
前記直視対物光学系11及び上方視対物光学系13の結
像位置にはそれぞれの対物光学系でとらえた光学像を電
気信号に光電変換するCCD15が内視鏡1の長手方向
軸に対して直交するように1つ設けられている。As shown in FIG. 5, the direct-view objective optical system 11 is used.
Optical axis 11a and the optical axis 13a of the upper-view objective optical system 13
Are arranged in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the endoscope 1,
At the image forming positions of the direct-view objective optical system 11 and the upward-view objective optical system 13, a CCD 15 for photoelectrically converting an optical image captured by each objective optical system into an electric signal is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the endoscope 1. One is provided to do so.
【0016】前記直視対物光学系11がとらえた被検部
位の光学像は、この対物光学系内部で一度も反射するこ
となく、CCD15の撮像面上の直視対物光学系11に
対応する領域に被検部位の光学像が表像の状態で結像す
る。The optical image of the region to be examined captured by the direct-viewing objective optical system 11 is not reflected inside the objective optical system even once, and is covered in a region corresponding to the direct-viewing objective optical system 11 on the image pickup surface of the CCD 15. An optical image of the inspection site is formed in the state of the front image.
【0017】一方、図6に示すように前記上方視対物光
学系13は、前記直視対物光学系11の光軸に直交する
方向を観察する光学系である。このため、この上方視対
物光学系13には内視鏡1の先端構成部5の側方から入
射した被検部位の光学像を、前記CCD15の撮像面に
結像させるために光軸を屈折させるプリズム16が設け
られている。On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, the upper-view objective optical system 13 is an optical system for observing a direction orthogonal to the optical axis of the direct-view objective optical system 11. Therefore, the optical axis of the upper-view objective optical system 13 is refracted in order to form an optical image of the region to be inspected, which is incident from the side of the distal end forming portion 5 of the endoscope 1, on the image pickup surface of the CCD 15. A prism 16 is provided to allow the prism 16 to move.
【0018】前記プリズム16は、前記直視対物光学系
11でとらえた被検部位の光学像がCCD15の撮像面
に表像の状態で結像したのと同様に、内視鏡1の先端構
成部5の上方から入射した被検部位の光学像がCCD1
5の撮像面の上方視対物光学系13に対応する領域に表
像の状態で結像するように、2度反射するように構成さ
れている。In the same way as the optical image of the region to be inspected captured by the direct-viewing objective optical system 11 is formed on the image pickup surface of the CCD 15 in the form of a surface image, the prism 16 forms the front end forming portion of the endoscope 1. The optical image of the region to be inspected incident from above 5 is CCD1.
It is configured to reflect twice so as to form a surface image in a region corresponding to the upper objective optical system 13 on the image pickup surface of No. 5.
【0019】そして、前記直視対物光学系11及び上方
視対物光学系13を通過し、CCD15の撮像面のそれ
ぞれの領域に結像した被検部位の表像の状態の光学像
は、このCCD15で電気信号に光電変換された後、図
示しない信号処理装置に伝送されて、正立像の映像信号
に生成され、出力装置である後述するTVモニタ等に正
立した表像の内視鏡観察画像として表示される。Then, the optical image in the state of the surface image of the region to be inspected, which has passed through the direct-viewing objective optical system 11 and the upward-viewing objective optical system 13 and is imaged on each area of the image pickup surface of the CCD 15, is formed by the CCD 15. After being photoelectrically converted into an electric signal, the signal is transmitted to a signal processing device (not shown) to be generated as an erect image video signal, and an erect image of an endoscopic observation image is displayed on a TV monitor, which will be described later, which is an output device. Is displayed.
【0020】ここで、上述のように構成した内視鏡1で
得られる内視鏡観察画像について具体的に説明する。前
記内視鏡1を図7(A)に示すように人物の正面に対峙
させて内視鏡観察画像を得る場合、図7(B)に示すよ
うに出力装置であるTVモニタ20の画面右側面20R
に直視対物光学系11でとらえた人物全体の正立した表
像の内視鏡観察画像が表示され、画面左側面20Lに上
方視対物光学系13でとらえた画面下方に前記人物の頭
部の一部をとらえた正立した表像の内視鏡観察画像が表
示される。Here, the endoscope observation image obtained by the endoscope 1 configured as described above will be specifically described. When the endoscope 1 is faced to the front of a person as shown in FIG. 7 (A) to obtain an endoscopic observation image, as shown in FIG. 7 (B), the right side of the screen of the TV monitor 20 which is an output device. Surface 20R
An endoscopic observation image of the erect image of the whole person captured by the direct-viewing objective optical system 11 is displayed on the left side of the screen of the person on the left side 20L of the screen. An endoscopic observation image of an upright surface image that captures a part is displayed.
【0021】このとき、図7(A)に示す前記直視対物
光学系11の視野範囲と前記上方視対物光学系13の視
野範囲とが図中に示すP点で交差して視野重複が発生す
るようになっているので、前記TVモニタ20の画面左
側面20L及び画面右側面20Rにそれぞれ表示される
内視鏡観察画像が、図7(B)の波形矢印に示すように
連続性を有する内視鏡観察画像になる。At this time, the visual field range of the direct-viewing objective optical system 11 and the visual field range of the upper-viewing objective optical system 13 shown in FIG. 7A intersect at a point P shown in FIG. Therefore, the endoscopic observation images displayed on the screen left side surface 20L and the screen right side surface 20R of the TV monitor 20 have continuity as shown by the waveform arrows in FIG. 7B. It becomes an image observed with an endoscope.
【0022】なお、前記P点の位置を設定する際、この
P点の位置を被写界深度内の近点より外側に設定するこ
とによって、より被検部位を確認しやすく、視野重複の
効果を得易い。When setting the position of the point P, by setting the position of the point P outside the near point within the depth of field, it is easier to confirm the region to be examined and the effect of overlapping the fields of view. Easy to obtain.
【0023】例えば、工業用分野で使用する内視鏡で
は、パイプ内部の特に側壁のクラックや微小な欠損の有
無を検査することがある。このような検査を行う場合、
上述のように直視対物光学系と上方視対物光学系とを備
えた内視鏡を使用する。そして、パイプ内に内視鏡を挿
入して、直視対物光学系で得られる内視鏡観察画像を見
ながらパイプ内部へのオリエンテーションと損傷箇所の
特定を行い、上方視対物光学系でパイプ側壁面の損傷の
検査、観察を入念に行う。For example, in an endoscope used in the industrial field, the inside of the pipe may be inspected for cracks or microscopic defects, especially on the side wall. When performing such an inspection,
As described above, the endoscope including the direct-viewing objective optical system and the upward-viewing objective optical system is used. Then, insert the endoscope into the pipe, identify the orientation and damage to the inside of the pipe while observing the endoscopic observation image obtained with the direct-view objective optical system. Carefully inspect and observe the damage.
【0024】すなわち、観察者は、TVモニタの画面上
に表示される2つの内視鏡観察画像の中からまず、直視
対物光学系で得られる内視鏡観察画像に注目し、続いて
上方視対物光学系で得られる内視鏡観察画像に目を向け
る。このとき、直視対物光学系と上方視対物光学系との
視野範囲が重複していることから、前記直視対物光学系
と上方視対物光学系で得られる内視鏡観察画像とに連続
性があるので、直視対物光学系で特定した観察対象部位
から上方視対物光学系でとらえた内視鏡観察画像へスム
ーズに移行できる。That is, the observer first pays attention to the endoscopic observation image obtained by the direct-viewing objective optical system from the two endoscopic observation images displayed on the screen of the TV monitor, and then looks upward. Focus on the endoscopic observation image obtained with the objective optical system. At this time, since the field-of-view ranges of the direct-viewing objective optical system and the upper-viewing objective optical system overlap, there is continuity between the endoscopic observation image obtained by the direct-viewing objective optical system and the upper-viewing objective optical system. Therefore, it is possible to smoothly shift from the observation target portion specified by the direct-viewing objective optical system to the endoscopic observation image captured by the upper-viewing objective optical system.
【0025】このように、内視鏡の挿入部の先端側に複
数設けられる視野方向の異なる対物光学系でとらえた被
検部位の光学像を表像の状態でCCDの撮像面に結像さ
せるように各対物光学系を構成し、このCCDの撮像面
に結像した表像を出力装置に正立像として一挙に表示す
ることによって、被検部位の観察をより正確に行うこと
ができると共に、内視鏡使用時の作業性や使い勝手が向
上する。As described above, an optical image of the site to be examined captured by the plurality of objective optical systems having different visual field directions provided on the distal end side of the insertion portion of the endoscope is formed on the image pickup surface of the CCD in the form of a front image. By configuring each objective optical system as described above and displaying the surface image formed on the image pickup surface of the CCD as an erect image on the output device all at once, it is possible to more accurately observe the site to be examined. Workability and usability when using an endoscope are improved.
【0026】また、前記CCDで光電変換した電気信号
を、信号処理装置で画像信号に生成する際、前記CCD
の撮像面に結像している画像が表像であるので、信号処
理装置に裏像を表像に電気的に変換するための裏像補正
回路が不要になって、電気回路の簡素化を図ることがで
きる。このことによって内視鏡装置全体のコスト低減を
図ることが可能になる。When an electric signal photoelectrically converted by the CCD is generated as an image signal by a signal processing device, the CCD is used.
Since the image formed on the imaging surface of is a front image, a back image correction circuit for electrically converting a back image into a front image is not required in the signal processing device, and the electric circuit can be simplified. Can be planned. This makes it possible to reduce the cost of the entire endoscope apparatus.
【0027】さらに、内視鏡に直視対物光学系と上方視
対物光学系とを設けることによって、擬似的な広角化を
図ることができると共に、前記直視対物光学系の観察視
野と上方視対物光学系の視野とを交差させて視野重複を
発生させているので、出力装置に表示される内視鏡観察
画像同士の連続性があきらかになって、被検部位の位置
関係及び方向感覚を容易に把握することができる。この
ことにより、内視鏡の取扱作業がさらに容易になって使
い勝手が大幅に向上する。Further, by providing the endoscope with the direct-viewing objective optical system and the upward-viewing objective optical system, a pseudo wide angle can be achieved, and the observation visual field and the upward-viewing objective optical system of the direct-viewing objective optical system can be achieved. Since the field of view of the system is crossed to create a field of view overlap, the continuity of the endoscopic observation images displayed on the output device becomes clear, facilitating the positional relationship and sense of direction of the site to be examined. You can figure it out. As a result, the work of handling the endoscope is further facilitated and the usability is greatly improved.
【0028】又、複数の対物光学系でとらえた被検部位
の光学像を電気信号に変換するCCDを内視鏡の長手方
向軸に対して直交させて配置しているので内視鏡の挿入
部の細径化を図ることができる。Further, since the CCD for converting the optical image of the region to be examined captured by the plurality of objective optical systems into an electric signal is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the endoscope, the endoscope is inserted. The diameter of the part can be reduced.
【0029】なお、本実施形態では内視鏡に設けられる
複数の対物光学系を、直視対物光学系と上方視対物光学
系との2つ光学系として説明しているが、上記2つの光
学系に限定されるものではなく、被検部位の光学像を表
像の状態でCCDの撮像面に結像させる構成である対物
光学系であれば、側方視対物光学系や斜視対物光学系で
あってもよい。また、対物光学系が3つあるいは4つ以
上配設されているものであってもよく、例えば視野方向
を上下左右のそれぞれ4方向を向くように構成したもの
であっても良い。なお、これらの場合、各対物光学系の
視野範囲が重複するように構成しておくことにより、C
CDの撮像面に結像した光学像を出力装置に表示させた
際、互いの対物光学系の視野関係を容易に把握すること
ができる。In this embodiment, the plurality of objective optical systems provided in the endoscope are described as two optical systems, the direct-viewing objective optical system and the upward-viewing objective optical system. The objective optical system is not limited to the above, but if the objective optical system is configured to form an optical image of the region to be inspected on the image pickup surface of the CCD, a side-view objective optical system or a perspective objective optical system can be used. It may be. Further, three or four or more objective optical systems may be provided, and for example, the visual field direction may be configured so as to face four directions of up, down, left and right. In these cases, by constructing the objective optical systems so that their visual field ranges overlap, C
When the optical image formed on the image pickup surface of the CD is displayed on the output device, the visual field relationship between the objective optical systems can be easily grasped.
【0030】図8ないし図11は本発明の第2の実施形
態に係り、図8は内視鏡の挿入部の先端側の概略構成を
説明する断面図、図9は被検部位を対物光学系を通して
CCDの撮像面に結像させるまでの概念図、図10はC
CDの撮像面に結像している光学像の状態及びTVモニ
タへの表示状態を説明する図、図11は内視鏡の作用を
具体的に示す説明図である。8 to 11 relate to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a sectional view for explaining the schematic constitution of the distal end side of the insertion portion of the endoscope, and FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram until the image is formed on the image pickup surface of the CCD through the system.
FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the state of the optical image formed on the image pickup surface of the CD and the display state on the TV monitor, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram specifically showing the operation of the endoscope.
【0031】図8に示すように内視鏡1の挿入部2の先
端側を形成する先端構成部5の内部には直視対物光学系
21と、側方視対物光学系23とが備えられており、そ
れぞれの対物光学系でとらえた被検部位の光学像がCC
D25の撮像面のそれぞれの領域に結像する。As shown in FIG. 8, a direct-viewing objective optical system 21 and a side-viewing objective optical system 23 are provided inside the distal end forming portion 5 forming the distal end side of the insertion portion 2 of the endoscope 1. And the optical image of the site to be examined captured by each objective optical system is CC
An image is formed on each area of the image pickup surface of D25.
【0032】このとき、図9(B)に示すように前記直
視対物光学系21でとらえた被検部位の光学像は、光学
系内で反射することなくCCD25の撮像面の直視対物
光学系21に対応する領域に表像として結像する。一
方、図9(A)に示すように前記側方視対物光学系23
でとらえた被検部位の光学像は、プリズム26で2度反
射してCCD25の撮像面の側方視対物光学系23に対
応する領域に表像として結像する。At this time, as shown in FIG. 9 (B), the optical image of the region to be inspected captured by the direct-viewing objective optical system 21 is not reflected in the optical system, but the direct-viewing objective optical system 21 of the image pickup surface of the CCD 25. Is imaged as a surface image in the area corresponding to. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9 (A), the side-view objective optical system 23
The optical image of the region to be inspected captured by is reflected twice by the prism 26 and is formed as a surface image on the area corresponding to the side-viewing objective optical system 23 on the image pickup surface of the CCD 25.
【0033】すなわち、光軸に垂直な面内で互いに直交
する側方視対物光学系23で観察される被検部位S1,
S2及び直視対物光学系21で観察される被検部位D
1,D2の光学像は、CCD25の撮像面のそれぞれの
対物光学系に対応する領域に結像する。That is, the region to be inspected S1 observed by the side-view objective optical system 23 orthogonal to each other in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis.
S2 and the site to be examined D observed by the direct-viewing objective optical system 21
The optical images of 1 and D2 are formed on the areas of the image pickup surface of the CCD 25 corresponding to the respective objective optical systems.
【0034】しかしこのとき、図10(A)に示すよう
に前記CCD25の撮像面の所定の領域に表像として結
像する被検部位S1,S2の光学像及び被検部位D1,
D2の光学像は倒立像になっている。このため、このC
CD25の撮像面に結像した状態のまま、内視鏡観察画
像としてTVモニタの画面上に表示したのでは、被検部
位の内視鏡観察画像が倒立像になってしまう。このた
め、前記CCD25の撮像面に結像した光学像を180
度回転させてTVモニタの画面上に表示して、被検部位
とTVモニタに表示される内視鏡観察画像との天地を一
致させている。At this time, however, as shown in FIG. 10 (A), the optical image of the site to be inspected S1 and S2 and the site to be inspected D1, which are formed as a surface image on a predetermined area of the image pickup surface of the CCD 25.
The optical image of D2 is an inverted image. Therefore, this C
If the image is displayed on the screen of the TV monitor as the endoscope observation image in the state where the image is formed on the image pickup surface of the CD 25, the endoscopic observation image of the region to be examined becomes an inverted image. Therefore, the optical image formed on the image pickup surface of the CCD 25 is
It is rotated once to be displayed on the screen of the TV monitor, and the top and bottom of the site to be examined and the endoscopic observation image displayed on the TV monitor are aligned.
【0035】また、被検部位とTVモニタに表示される
内視鏡観察画像との対応をとるために電気的メモリーを
使用する。すなわち、直視対物光学系でとらえた直視像
と、上方視対物光学系でとらえた側視像とをそれぞれ独
立に取り込んで、図10(C)に示すように直視像と上
方側像とを入れ換えてTVモニタ20に表示することに
より、被検部位と内視鏡観察画像との対応がとれて内視
鏡の使い勝手が大幅に向上する。Further, an electric memory is used to associate the region to be examined with the endoscopic observation image displayed on the TV monitor. That is, the direct-view image captured by the direct-view objective optical system and the side-view image captured by the upper-view objective optical system are independently captured, and the direct-view image and the upper-side image are exchanged as shown in FIG. 10C. By displaying on the TV monitor 20 by using the display device, the region to be inspected and the image observed by the endoscope are associated with each other, and the usability of the endoscope is significantly improved.
【0036】つまり、図11(A)に示すように内視鏡
1で人物を観察する場合、CCD出力を180度回転さ
せて、TVモニタ20に被検部位の内視鏡観察画像を表
示したのでは、図11(B)に示すように直視対物光学
系でとらえた内視鏡観察画像と上方視対物光学系でとら
えた内視鏡観察画像との表示位置が入れ替わっている。
そこで、電気的メモリーを使用して画像を取り込み、直
視像と側視像とを入れ換えて図11(C)に示すように
TVモニタに表示させることによって、被検部位とTV
モニタに表示される内視鏡観察画像との対応がとれて、
前記第1の実施形態と同様の作用及び効果を得ることが
できる。That is, when observing a person with the endoscope 1 as shown in FIG. 11 (A), the CCD output is rotated by 180 degrees and the endoscopic observation image of the site to be examined is displayed on the TV monitor 20. Then, as shown in FIG. 11B, the display positions of the endoscopic observation image captured by the direct-viewing objective optical system and the endoscopic observation image captured by the upward-viewing objective optical system are interchanged.
Therefore, an image is captured by using an electric memory, and the direct-view image and the side-view image are exchanged and displayed on a TV monitor as shown in FIG.
Correspondence with the endoscopic observation image displayed on the monitor,
The same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
【0037】図12は本発明の第3の実施形態に係る被
検部位を対物光学系を通してCCDの撮像面に結像させ
るまでの別の概念図である。FIG. 12 is another conceptual diagram showing a region to be inspected according to the third embodiment of the present invention until an image is formed on the image pickup surface of the CCD through the objective optical system.
【0038】図12に示すように本実施形態の内視鏡1
は、前記第2の実施形態と同様な直視対物光学系32及
び側視対物光学系31の2つの光学系の後方に、それぞ
れリレーレンズ系34、33を配置して構成されてい
る。このことによって、CCD35の撮像面には前記直
視対物光学系32及び側視対物光学系31でとらえた被
検部位の光学像37、36が表像で、且つ、正立像3
7′、36′の状態で結像する。このため、それぞれの
対物光学系を介して前記CCD35の撮像面に結像した
光学像をTVモニタ上に表示する際、信号処理装置で特
別な電気な補正処理を行うことなく一挙に表示すること
が可能になる。As shown in FIG. 12, the endoscope 1 according to the present embodiment.
Is constructed by arranging relay lens systems 34 and 33 behind the two optical systems of the direct-viewing objective optical system 32 and the side-viewing objective optical system 31 similar to the second embodiment. As a result, on the image pickup surface of the CCD 35, the optical images 37 and 36 of the region to be examined captured by the direct-viewing objective optical system 32 and the side-viewing objective optical system 31 are front images and the erect image 3 is formed.
Images are formed in the states of 7'and 36 '. Therefore, when the optical image formed on the image pickup surface of the CCD 35 via each objective optical system is displayed on the TV monitor, it is possible to display all at once without performing any special electrical correction processing by the signal processing device. Will be possible.
【0039】このように、直視対物光学系及び側視対物
光学系の後方に、それぞれ被検部位の光学像が表像で、
且つ、正立像の状態で結像するように構成したリレーレ
ンズ系を配置することにより、複雑な電気処理を行うこ
となく、被検部位と内視鏡観察画像との位置関係及び方
向感覚を一致させることができる。このことにより、さ
らに信号処理装置の電気回路を簡素化して内視鏡装置の
コストダウンを達成することができる。As described above, the optical images of the region to be inspected are displayed behind the direct-viewing objective optical system and the side-viewing objective optical system, respectively.
Moreover, by arranging the relay lens system configured to form an image in an erect image, the positional relationship and the sense of direction between the site to be examined and the endoscopic observation image can be matched without performing complicated electrical processing. Can be made. As a result, the electric circuit of the signal processing device can be further simplified and the cost of the endoscope device can be reduced.
【0040】なお、一般的に、CCDには撮像面を保護
する目的でカバーガラスが設けられているが、1つの固
体撮像素子の撮像面上に複数の対物光学系で得られる光
学像を結像させる際には、前記CCDの撮像面上での像
周辺のエッジがぼけてしまって、見にくくなるという不
具合があった。このため、本実施形態では図12に示す
ように1次結像点I1 に視野マスクを設置して、エッジ
のぼけていない視野形状を2次結像点I2 であるCCD
35の撮像面上に写し出して、良好な内視鏡観察画像を
得て、検査性を向上させている。Although the CCD is generally provided with a cover glass for the purpose of protecting the image pickup surface, an optical image obtained by a plurality of objective optical systems is formed on the image pickup surface of one solid-state image pickup device. When forming an image, there is a problem in that the edges around the image on the image pickup surface of the CCD are blurred, making it difficult to see. For this reason, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, a visual field mask is installed at the primary image forming point I1 so that the visual field shape with no blur is the secondary image forming point I2.
The image is projected on the image pickup surface of 35 to obtain a good endoscopic observation image, and the inspection property is improved.
【0041】[付記]以上詳述したような本発明の上記
実施形態によれば、以下の如き構成を得ることができ
る。[Additional Notes] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention described in detail above, the following configuration can be obtained.
【0042】(1)視野方向が互いに異なる複数の対物
光学系と前記複数の対物光学系でとらえた被検部位の光
学像が結像する1つの固体撮像素子とを挿入部の先端側
に配設した内視鏡において、前記固体撮像素子の撮像面
に被検部位の光学像を、表像の状態で結像するように各
対物光学系を構成し、この固体撮像素子に結像した複数
の表像を出力装置に同時に表示する内視鏡。(1) A plurality of objective optical systems having mutually different visual field directions and one solid-state image pickup device on which an optical image of a site to be examined captured by the plurality of objective optical systems is formed are arranged on the distal end side of the insertion portion. In the installed endoscope, each objective optical system is configured to form an optical image of the site to be examined on the image pickup surface of the solid-state image pickup device, and a plurality of images are formed on the solid-state image pickup device. An endoscope that simultaneously displays the image of the image on the output device.
【0043】(2)前記対物光学系の内部に設ける反射
面での反射回数が偶数である付記1記載の内視鏡。(2) The endoscope according to appendix 1, wherein the number of reflections by the reflecting surface provided inside the objective optical system is even.
【0044】(3)前記複数の対物光学系の観察視野同
士が互いに重複する視野重複部を有する付記1記載の内
視鏡。(3) The endoscope according to appendix 1, wherein the observation fields of the plurality of objective optical systems have field overlapping parts which overlap each other.
【0045】(4)前記複数の対物光学系が2つであ
り、一方が直視対物光学系で、他方が上方視対物光学系
である付記1記載の内視鏡。(4) The endoscope according to appendix 1, wherein the plurality of objective optical systems is two, one of which is a direct-viewing objective optical system and the other of which is an upper-viewing objective optical system.
【0046】(5)前記複数の対物光学系が2つであ
り、一方が直視対物光学系で、他方が側方視対物光学系
である付記1記載の内視鏡。(5) The endoscope according to appendix 1, wherein the plurality of objective optical systems are two, one of which is a direct-viewing objective optical system and the other of which is a side-viewing objective optical system.
【0047】(6)前記複数の対物光学系が2つであ
り、一方が直視対物光学系で、他方が斜視対物光学系で
ある付記1記載の内視鏡。(6) The endoscope according to appendix 1, wherein the plurality of objective optical systems is two, one of which is a direct-viewing objective optical system and the other of which is a perspective objective optical system.
【0048】(7)前記複数の対物光学系が2つの側方
視対物光学系である付記1記載の内視鏡。(7) The endoscope according to appendix 1, wherein the plurality of objective optical systems are two side-viewing objective optical systems.
【0049】(8)前記対物光学系の反射面での反射回
数が2回である付記1または付記2記載の内視鏡。(8) The endoscope according to appendix 1 or 2, wherein the reflecting surface of the objective optical system is reflected twice.
【0050】(9)前記対物光学系が少なくとも1回の
リレー光学系を備えている付記1または付記2記載の内
視鏡。(9) The endoscope according to appendix 1 or 2, wherein the objective optical system has at least one relay optical system.
【0051】[0051]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明の内視鏡によ
れば、視野方向の異なる複数の対物光学系でとらえた被
検部位の光学像を観察しやすく且つ正確に撮像装置に表
示することの可能な内視鏡を提供することができる。As described above, according to the endoscope of the present invention, the optical image of the region to be inspected captured by the plurality of objective optical systems having different visual field directions can be easily observed and accurately displayed on the imaging device. It is possible to provide an endoscope capable of doing so.
【図1】図1ないし図7は本発明の第1の実施形態に係
り、図1は内視鏡の外観を示す図1 to 7 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an external appearance of an endoscope.
【図2】図1のA部の拡大斜視図FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of part A of FIG.
【図3】図2の矢印X側から見たときの図FIG. 3 is a diagram when viewed from the arrow X side in FIG.
【図4】図2の矢印Y側から見たときの図4 is a diagram when viewed from the arrow Y side of FIG.
【図5】直視対物光学系と上方視対物光学系とのレイア
ウトの1例を示す概念図FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a layout of a direct-viewing objective optical system and an upward-viewing objective optical system.
【図6】上方視対物光学系の構成を説明する断面図FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of an upper-view objective optical system.
【図7】内視鏡の作用を具体的に示す説明図FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram specifically showing the operation of the endoscope.
【図8】図8ないし図11は本発明の第2の実施形態に
係り、図8は内視鏡の挿入部の先端側の概略構成を説明
する断面図8 to 11 relate to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a distal end side of an insertion portion of an endoscope.
【図9】被検部位を対物光学系を通してCCDの撮像面
に結像させるまでの概念図FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram of forming an image of a test site on an image pickup surface of a CCD through an objective optical system.
【図10】CCDの撮像面に結像している光学像の状態
及びTVモニタへの表示状態を説明する図FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a state of an optical image formed on an image pickup surface of a CCD and a display state on a TV monitor.
【図11】内視鏡の作用を具体的に示す説明図FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram specifically showing the operation of the endoscope.
【図12】本発明の第3の実施形態に係る被検部位を対
物光学系を通してCCDの撮像面に結像させるまでの別
の概念図FIG. 12 is another conceptual diagram of forming an image of a test region according to the third embodiment of the present invention on an image pickup surface of a CCD through an objective optical system.
13…側方視対物光学系 15…CCD 16…プリズム 13 ... Side view objective optical system 15 ... CCD 16 ... Prism
Claims (1)
系と前記複数の対物光学系でとらえた被検部位の光学像
が結像する1つの固体撮像素子とを挿入部の先端側に配
設した内視鏡において、 前記固体撮像素子の撮像面に被検部位の光学像を、表像
の状態で結像するように各対物光学系を構成し、この固
体撮像素子に結像した複数の表像を出力装置に同時に表
示することを特徴とする内視鏡。1. A plurality of objective optical systems having different visual field directions, and one solid-state image pickup device on which an optical image of a region to be examined captured by the plurality of objective optical systems is formed are provided at a distal end side of an insertion portion. In the endoscope described above, each objective optical system is configured to form an optical image of the site to be examined on the image pickup surface of the solid-state image pickup device, and a plurality of images formed on the solid-state image pickup device are formed. An endoscope characterized in that a display image is simultaneously displayed on an output device.
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JP8113798A JPH09294709A (en) | 1996-05-08 | 1996-05-08 | Endoscope |
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JP8113798A JPH09294709A (en) | 1996-05-08 | 1996-05-08 | Endoscope |
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JPH09294709A true JPH09294709A (en) | 1997-11-18 |
Family
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006068204A (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-03-16 | Optiscan Pty Ltd | Insertion part flexible tube of endoscope, and endoscope |
WO2011055640A1 (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2011-05-12 | オリンパスメディカルシステムズ株式会社 | Endoscope |
EP3811847A1 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2021-04-28 | EndoChoice, Inc. | Multi-camera endoscope |
US11278190B2 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2022-03-22 | Endochoice, Inc. | Multi-viewing element endoscope |
US11534056B2 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2022-12-27 | Endochoice, Inc. | Multi-camera endoscope |
US11864734B2 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2024-01-09 | Endochoice, Inc. | Multi-camera endoscope |
-
1996
- 1996-05-08 JP JP8113798A patent/JPH09294709A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006068204A (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-03-16 | Optiscan Pty Ltd | Insertion part flexible tube of endoscope, and endoscope |
JP4634762B2 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2011-02-16 | オプティスキャン ピーティーワイ リミテッド | Endoscope insertion tube flexible tube and endoscope |
EP3811847A1 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2021-04-28 | EndoChoice, Inc. | Multi-camera endoscope |
US11278190B2 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2022-03-22 | Endochoice, Inc. | Multi-viewing element endoscope |
US11534056B2 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2022-12-27 | Endochoice, Inc. | Multi-camera endoscope |
US11864734B2 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2024-01-09 | Endochoice, Inc. | Multi-camera endoscope |
US11986155B2 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2024-05-21 | Endochoice, Inc. | Multi-viewing element endoscope |
WO2011055640A1 (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2011-05-12 | オリンパスメディカルシステムズ株式会社 | Endoscope |
US8343043B2 (en) | 2009-11-06 | 2013-01-01 | Olympus Medical Systems Corp. | Endoscope |
US9131834B2 (en) | 2009-11-06 | 2015-09-15 | Olympus Corporation | Endoscope |
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