JPH09290219A - Refuse disposal facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely and efficiently separate and remove even stainless steel metals which are noncombustible in addition to iron and aluminum from refuse. SOLUTION: There are provided a magnetic separator for separating iron from crushed refuse, an aluminum sorting device for sorting aluminum from refuse on the downstream side thereof, a stainless steel metals sorting device 12 for sorting stainless steel metals from refuse on the downstream side thereof, and a forming device for forming refuse solidifying fuel from refuse on the downstream side thereof. The stainless steel metals sorting device 12 is constituted of a metal detector 17 for detecting metal mixed in refuse while it is transferred on a transfer route 15 and a sorting plate 19 for sorting and removing refuse in the detected part from on the transfer route 15 when the metal detector 17 detects metals.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste treatment facility for selecting combustible waste from collected waste and molding the waste solidified fuel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, refuse solidified fuel (Refuse)
When producing Derived Fuel (hereinafter abbreviated as RDF), irons mixed in the collected dust were sorted by a magnetic sorting device, and similarly, aluminums were sorted by an aluminum sorting device. As a result, after removing iron and aluminum which are incombustibles from the waste, the waste was finely crushed by the crushing device and molded into the trash solidified fuel (RDF) by the molding device.

[0003]

However, recently, there are cases where stainless metals are mixed in the dust, and if these stainless metals remain mixed, the crushing device and the molding device will be damaged. It caused trouble. Such stainless metals cannot be selectively removed by the magnetic sorting device or aluminum sorting device described above.
The total amount of dust that has passed through both of the above sorting devices is removed by removing airborne dust (combustible dust such as paper and wood chips) with wind pressure using a wind sorting device to remove stainless steel metals from the dust. It was However, in the case of a wind power sorter, the purity of the sorting is poor, and the problem that a large amount of plastics and wood are mixed together with stainless steel-based metals, and the blower for the wind power sorter is constantly operating, so the running cost is high. There was a problem that became.

In view of the above, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is intended to reliably and efficiently sort and remove incombustible stainless steel metals, which are incombustibles, in addition to iron and aluminum. The invention according to claim 3 is intended to separate, from the stainless steel-based metals, a part of the combustible dust collected together with the stainless-based metals during the sorting.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a coarse crushing apparatus for crushing refuse, and irons are selected from the crushed refuse. Magnetic sorting device, aluminum sorting device that sorts aluminum from the dust from which iron has been removed through the magnetic sorting device, and stainless steel metals from dust that has been stripped of aluminum through the aluminum sorting device And a fine crushing device for crushing dust from which stainless steel metals have been removed through the stainless metal sorting device into fluffs, the stainless metal sorting device being an aluminum sorting device. The metal detector that detects the metal that is mixed in the dust on the transfer route that is transferred to the shredder through the crusher, and the part that is detected when this metal detector detects the metal. It is composed of a sorting apparatus which eliminate distributed from the transfer path is obtained by it said.

According to this, the collected waste is crushed by the coarse crushing device, then the magnetic sorting device sorts irons from the dust, and then the aluminum sorting device sorts aluminums from the dust. In addition, when the metal detector detects the metal that is mixed in the dust on the transfer route, the sorting device sorts out the detected dust from the transport route and eliminates the stainless steel mixed in the dust. The system metals can be selected and eliminated. Therefore, in addition to iron and aluminum which are incombustibles, stainless steel metals can be reliably and efficiently sorted out and removed from the waste, it is possible to prevent troubles in the shredder. it can.

Further, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that a molding device for mixing the crushed dust with an auxiliary agent to mold the solidified fuel of dust is provided on the downstream side of the fine crushing device. Is.

According to this method, the solidified fuel for refuse can be formed by using the combustible dust after the stainless steel metals are selected and removed in addition to the iron and aluminum which are incombustibles. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of device trouble.

Further, in the invention according to claim 3, a separating means is provided on the downstream side of the stainless steel-based metal sorting device for separating the dust removed by the sorting device into stainless steel-based metals and other dust due to the difference in specific gravity. It is characterized by being provided.

According to this, since the dust removed by the sorting device is not only stainless steel-based metals but also other combustible dust, it is also removed, so that a separating means utilizing the difference in specific gravity is used. The waste removed by the sorting device is separated into stainless steel metals having a large specific gravity and other combustible waste having a small specific gravity. As a result, other combustible dust obtained by the separating means can be effectively used for forming the solid waste fuel, and the stainless steel-based metals can be recovered with high purity.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG.
Reference numeral 1 is a biaxial crushing device (an example of a coarse crushing device) for crushing the collected dust, and a drying device 2 for drying the crushed dust is installed on the downstream side thereof. This drying device 2
A magnetic sorting device 3 that sorts irons from the waste using an electromagnet is installed on the downstream side of the. The irons sorted by the magnetic sorting device 3 are stored in the iron storage hopper 4,
The iron storage hopper 4 is carried out by a truck or the like.

On the downstream side of the magnetic sorting device 3, an aluminum sorting device 5 for sorting aluminum from the dust is installed. As shown in FIG. 4, the aluminum sorting device 5 is provided in a belt conveyor 6 that conveys dust and a top pulley 7 on the end side of the conveyance path of the belt conveyor 6 and is in the same traveling direction as the belt 8. And a permanent magnet 9 rotating in a high speed direction. The magnetic field of the permanent magnet 9 has a polarity in which N and S alternate in the circumferential direction,
A pulley drum 10 made of a non-metal material is provided outside the permanent magnet 9, and the belt 8 moves at a low speed on the outer circumference of the pulley drum 10.

When the dust is conveyed to the end of the belt conveyor 6, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 9 causes a strong forward drive by an eddy current on a light conductor having a large area such as an aluminum can mixed with the dust. Power works. As a result, the dust other than the good conductor falls on the natural falling trajectory due to the speed of the belt 8 and is transferred to the stainless metal sorter 12 by the transfer conveyor 11 arranged on the downstream side. It is sorted and stored in the aluminum storage hopper 13, and is carried out from the aluminum storage hopper 13 by a truck or the like.

The stainless steel type metal sorting device 12 is shown in FIG.
As shown in, a transfer path for transferring the dust to the single-bed screen 14 installed on the downstream side through the aluminum sorting device 5
A chute 16 provided on the fifteen and arranged at the end of the transfer conveyor 11, a metal detector 17 for detecting the metal mixed in the dust falling inside the chute 16, and the chute 16 The sorting device 19 is configured to sort the discharged dust into the single-bed screen 14 side and the collection route 18 side.

The metal detector 17 is formed in a ring shape and fitted on the chute 16. In addition, the distribution device 19
Is a plate-like member that can be rotated up and down, and sorts the waste discharged from the chute 16 to the single-bed screen 14 side.
The distribution position A (phantom line in FIG. 1) and the second distribution position B (solid line in FIG. 1) for distribution to the collection path 18 side can be switched. The distribution device 19 is switched by the air cylinder device 20, and the drive of the air cylinder device 20 is controlled by the control device 21. The metal detector 17 is connected to the control device 21 via an amplifier 22.
Reference numeral 21 drives the air cylinder device 20 based on the detection signal of the metal detector 17.

The single-bed screen 14 is for passing trash smaller than a predetermined size from the upstream side to the downstream side, and trash larger and heavier than the predetermined size is struck by a hammer mill 23 (an example of a shredder). It is finely crushed into fluff and returned to the upstream side of the single-bed screen 14 again.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a separating means 25 is provided on the side of the recovery path 18 for separating the dust removed by the sorting device 19 into stainless metal and other dust due to the difference in specific gravity. Has been. This separating means 25 is
Recovery pipe 26 that extends downward while bending in a zigzag along the
A branch pipe 27 that branches upward from the collection pipe 26; an induction fan 28 that is provided on the downstream side of the branch pipe 27 to generate upward wind from below in the collection pipe 26; and a collection pipe 26. In addition, the rotary valve 29 is located upstream of the mounting position of the branch pipe 27. And dust with a small specific gravity (combustible materials such as paper and wood chips) is branched by wind pressure.
It flows into 27 and is supplied to a fluff hopper 32 described later. Also, garbage with a large specific gravity (stainless metals)
Is separated and recovered on the downstream side of the recovery pipe 26 against the wind pressure, and is carried out by a truck or the like from the stainless steel metal storage hopper 30 provided on the downstream side of the recovery pipe 26.

As shown in FIG. 3, the single floor screen 14 described above is used.
On the downstream side of, the auxiliary agent (slaked lime) is added to the finely crushed waste.
A molding device 24 for mixing the solid wastes and molding the solidified fuel (RDF) is provided. That is, the molding device 24,
A fluff hopper 32 that stores the dust that has been finely crushed and that has passed through the single-bed screen 14, a slaked lime hopper 33 that stores the slaked lime that is an auxiliary agent, and a waste discharged from these fluff hoppers 32 and a slaked lime discharged from the slaked lime hopper 33. And a RDF storage hopper 36 for storing the molded refuse solidified fuel, and an RDF molding machine 35 for molding the refuse solidified fuel from a mixture of waste and slaked lime. In addition, very light debris can be removed from the single floor screen 14 to the cutter mill 37 by the wind pressure of an air blower (not shown).
And is crushed by a cutter mill 37 and then stored in the fluff hopper 32 through a cyclone 38 for combustibles.

The operation of the above configuration will be described below.
The collected waste is roughly crushed by the biaxial crushing device 1, then dried by the drying device 2, and iron is sorted from the waste by the magnetic sorting device 3. The selected irons are stored in the iron storage hopper 4, and are carried out from the iron storage hopper 4 by a truck or the like.

On the other hand, the dust from which irons have been removed is sent to the aluminum sorting device 5 and aluminum is sorted from the dust. Selected aluminum is stored in aluminum storage hopper 13
And is carried out from the aluminum storage hopper 13 by a truck or the like.

Further, the dust from which aluminum has been removed is transferred by the transfer conveyor 11 and thrown into the chute 16 as shown in FIG. Then, when the dust falls inside the chute 16, if the metal detector 17 does not detect the metal mixed in the dust, the control device 21 causes the air cylinder device 20 to
Fig. 1 shows the sorting device 19 by retracting the piston rod 20a of
To the first distribution position A indicated by the virtual line. As a result, the dust discharged from the chute 16 is transferred to the single floor screen 14 along the transfer path 15.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3, the dust smaller than a predetermined size is sent from the downstream side of the single-bed screen 14 to the fluff hopper 32 of the molding device 24, and the dust is mixed with the slaked lime by the mixing feeder 34. , RDF molding machine 35 molds the refuse solidified fuel (RDF), and the formed waste solidified fuel is stored in the RDF storage hopper 36, and the RDF storage hopper 36
Delivered from 36.

Further, the dust which is larger and heavier than a predetermined size is finely crushed into a fluff by the hammer mill 23 and returned to the upstream side of the single-bed screen 14 again, and then the fluff hopper is fed from the downstream side of the single-bed screen 14. Sent to 32.

Further, when the metal detector 17 detects the metal mixed in the dust falling inside the chute 16, the control device 21 causes the piston rod 20a of the air cylinder device 20 to project so that the sorting device 19 is moved to the first position. The distribution position A is switched to the second distribution position B shown by the solid line in FIG. 1 for a predetermined time, and as shown in FIG. 2, the attracting fan 28 is driven to generate upward wind from below in the recovery pipe 26. At this point, most of the metals detected by the metal detector 17 are stainless steel-based metals because the iron and aluminum contained in the waste have already been removed. 1 is distributed from the transfer path 15 to the recovery path 18 as shown in FIG. 1, and because it has a large specific gravity as shown in FIG. 2, it falls in the recovery pipe 26 against the wind pressure, and the stainless steel metal storage hopper 30 Stored in. In addition, the flammable dust (paper, wood chips, etc.) that has been mixed into the recovery pipe 26 along with the above stainless steel-based metals has a small specific gravity and is blown by the wind pressure to flow into the branch pipe 27, and It is supplied to the fluff hopper 32 through.

In this way, in addition to iron and aluminum which are incombustibles, stainless steel-based metals can be reliably and efficiently selected and removed from the waste, and therefore the dust can be removed by the hammer mill 23. In the case of crushing, the trouble of the hammer mill 23 can be prevented, and further, since the waste solidified fuel can be molded using combustible dust, the trouble of the molding device 24 can be prevented. Further, the flammable dust removed along with the stainless steel-based metals is separated from the stainless steel-based metals by the separating means 25,
Since it is supplied to the upstream side of the fluff hopper 32, combustible dust can be effectively used for forming the solidified fuel of dust, and the stainless steel metals can be collected surely and efficiently.

In the above embodiment, aluminum mixed in dust can be sorted by the aluminum sorting device 5. However, not only aluminum but also copper, which is a good electric conductor, is sorted by aluminum. The device 5 can also be used to sort out the trash.

In the above embodiment, the air cylinder device 20 is used for switching the distribution device 19, but a hydraulic cylinder device or a servo motor may be used. The second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

The stainless steel type metal sorting device 41 comprises a metal detector 42 provided above the terminal end of the transfer conveyor 11 and a sorting device 43 provided below the terminal end of the transfer conveyor 11. According to this, the dust from which the iron is removed by the magnetic sorting device 3 and the aluminum is removed by the aluminum sorting device 5 is conveyed by the transfer conveyor 11 from the downstream side of the aluminum sorting device 5. At this time, when the metal detector 42 detects the metal mixed in the dust conveyed by the transfer conveyor 11, the control device 21 causes the piston rod 20a of the air cylinder device 20 to project and the distribution device 43 to be indicated by a virtual line. The first distribution position A shown is switched to the second distribution position B shown by the solid line. As a result, the stainless steel-based metals are transferred through the transfer path 15.
It is sorted from the top to the collection route 18.

The third embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. The separating means 25 in the first embodiment described above is of a type that uses wind power, but another type of separating means 47 may be a type of settling into a liquid. That is, a water tank filled with water is provided downstream of the recovery pipe 48.
One end of the water tank 49 is installed, and outside the other end of the water tank 49, a conveyer conveyor 50 that is continuous to the upstream side of the drying device 2 is installed. Further, above the water tank 49, a scraping conveyor 51 for scraping dust floating on the water surface from the water tank 49 to the conveyor 50 is provided. Further, the water tank 49 is provided with a stirring blade 52 that stirs water and causes dust on the water surface to flow toward the scraping conveyor 51.

According to this, the stainless steel-based metals are distributed from the transfer path 15 to the recovery path 18, are introduced into the water tank 49 through the recovery pipe 48, and settle to the bottom of the water tank 49 because of their large specific gravity. In addition, flammable dust (paper, wood chips, etc.) that has been mixed into the recovery pipe 48 along with the above stainless steel metals
Also, although it is thrown into the water tank 49 through the recovery pipe 48, it floats on the water surface because of its small specific gravity. The floating combustible dust is scraped out from the water tank 49 to the conveyor 50 by the scraping conveyor 51, and is further supplied to the upstream side of the drying device 2 by the conveyor 50.

In each of the above embodiments, each separating means 2
5 and 47 may be operated at all times, but if a storage device is installed and a certain amount of stainless steel is stored, the separating means 25 and 47 may be operated. Further, the respective separating means 25, 47 may be operated after the waste treatment operation is completed.

[0032]

As described above, according to the invention described in claim 1 of the present invention, the collected waste is crushed by the coarse crushing device, and then the iron is sorted from the waste by the magnetic sorting device. Next, aluminum is sorted from the waste by the aluminum sorting device, and when the metal detector detects the metal mixed in the dust on the transfer route, the sorting device detects the dust in the part. By sorting out and removing from the transfer route, it is possible to select and remove stainless steel-based metals mixed in the dust. Therefore, in addition to iron and aluminum which are incombustibles, stainless steel metals can be reliably and efficiently sorted out and removed from the waste, it is possible to prevent troubles in the shredder. it can.

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to iron and aluminum which are incombustibles, stainless steel metals are selected and removed, and then combustible dust is used to solidify the waste fuel. Since it is possible to mold, it is possible to prevent troubles in the molding device.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the dust removed by the sorting device is not only stainless steel-based metals but also other combustible dust, it is partially removed, so that the specific gravity is different. By using a separating means utilizing, the dust removed by the sorting device is separated into stainless steel metals having a large specific gravity and other combustible dust having a small specific gravity. As a result, other combustible dust obtained by the separating means can be effectively used for forming the solid waste fuel, and the stainless steel-based metals can be recovered with high purity.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a stainless steel-based metal sorting device provided in a refuse treatment facility according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a separating means provided in the same waste treatment facility.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the waste treatment facility.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of an aluminum sorting device provided in the waste treatment facility.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a stainless steel-based metal sorting device provided in a waste treatment facility according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 6] Fig. 6 is a diagram of a separating means provided in a waste treatment facility according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Biaxial crushing device (coarse crushing device) 3 Magnetic sorting device 5 Aluminum sorting device 12 Stainless steel type metal sorting device 15 Transfer route 17 Metal detector 19 Sorting device 23 Hammer mill (fine crushing device) 24 Forming device 25 Separation means 41 Stainless System metal sorter 42 Metal detector 43 Sorting device 47 Separation means

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masanori Tsukahara 5-28 Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Hitachi Zosen Corporation (72) Inventor Daisuke Tamakoshi 5-chome, Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka No. 3 28 Inside Hitachi Zosen Corporation

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A coarse crushing device for crushing refuse, a magnetic sorting device for sorting irons from the crushed dust, and aluminiums from dust from which irons have been removed through the magnetic sorting device. Aluminum sorting device, stainless steel metal sorting device that sorts stainless steel metals from the aluminum from which aluminum has been removed through the aluminum sorting device, and dust from which stainless steel metals have been removed through the stainless metal sorting device With a fine crushing device for crushing into fluff, the stainless steel-based metal sorting device detects the metal mixed in the dust on the transfer route that is transferred to the fine crushing device side through the aluminum sorting device. And a sorting device that sorts and removes the detected dust from the transfer route when the metal detector detects metal. Only processing facility. 2. The waste treatment facility according to claim 1, further comprising a molding device provided downstream of the shredder to mix the crushed waste with an auxiliary agent and mold the waste solidified fuel. 3. Downstream of the stainless steel-based metal sorting device,
2. The waste treatment facility according to claim 1, further comprising a separating means for separating the waste removed by the sorter into stainless steel-based metals and other waste according to a difference in specific gravity.