JPH09287950A - Ground surveying instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to measure the height and the horizontal distance of the ground efficiently by a single worker. SOLUTION: A ground surveying instrument 1 is constituted of a support saddle 2 provided on the ground uprightly, a freely expandable arm 3, which is bonded to the support saddle 2 by a hinge so as to maintain the right angle, a plumb bob 4, which is suspended from the vicinity of the tip of the freely expandable arm 3 so that the height can be freely adjusted, a horizontal-distance measuring means 6, which measures the horizontal distance from the suspending position of the plumb bob 4 to the above described support saddle 2, and a height measuring means 5, which measures the height of the suspension of the plumb bob 4.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ground surveying instrument for measuring the height of a ground at a predetermined position from a reference plane and the horizontal distance from a site boundary line.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When performing a foundation work for a building, the height of the ground position where the foundation is installed is measured in advance based on a benchmark set on the site or in the vicinity of the site. It is also necessary to measure the horizontal distance in advance.

Here, the ground height is measured by a leveling method using an automatic level or the like. That is, one person sets up the staff at two different points, the other person collimates the staff at an automatic level, etc., and the difference in reading is taken as the ground height. On the other hand, for measuring the horizontal distance, one person applies the tip of the tape measure to the boundary line, and the other reads the scale of the tape measure at the measuring point.

[0004]

However, at least two workers are required for any measurement, which is very inconvenient. Also,
In the measurement of the horizontal distance, if there is a height between the benchmark and the measurement position, a water thread must be stretched on the boundary line in advance, which causes a problem that the work takes time.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ground surveying instrument capable of efficiently measuring the ground height and the horizontal distance by one worker.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the ground surveying instrument of the present invention has the following features.
A support leg that is erected on the ground, a telescopic arm that is hinge-joined to the support leg so that it can hold a right angle, and a plumb bob that is suspended from the vicinity of the tip of the telescopic arm so that the height can be adjusted. The horizontal distance measuring means measures the horizontal distance from the hanging position of the plumb bob to the supporting leg.

Further, in the ground surveying instrument of the present invention, the telescopic arm is constructed by joining a plurality of arm members with a nest joint, and the horizontal distance measuring means is attached to the supporting leg of the arm members. An arm connected to the supporting leg while fixing a predetermined reel in the connected arm member and fixing the end of the tape measure pulled out from the reel to the arm member arranged at the tip of the arm member. The scale of the tape measure can be read through a display window formed in the member.

In the ground surveying instrument of the present invention, the telescopic arm is constructed by joining a plurality of arm members with a nesting joint, and the horizontal distance measuring means is constructed by grading the arm members. It is a thing.

Further, the ground surveying instrument of the present invention comprises height measuring means for measuring the hanging height of the plumb bob.

Further, in the ground surveying instrument of the present invention, the height measuring means includes an end of a tape measure drawn out from the reel in which a predetermined reel is built in the arm member arranged at the tip of the arm members. The scale is fixed to the plumb bob and the scale of the tape measure can be read through a display window formed in the arm member.

Further, the ground surveying instrument of the present invention comprises a leg length measuring means for variably configuring the length of the support leg and for measuring the length.

Further, the ground surveying instrument of the present invention comprises a second telescopic arm detachably connected to the side opposite to the telescopic arm, and a height from the vicinity of the tip of the second telescopic arm. It is provided with a second plumb bob which is hangably adjusted, and a second horizontal distance measuring means for measuring a horizontal distance from the hanging position of the second plumb bob to the support leg.

In order to measure the horizontal distance from the boundary using the ground surveying instrument of the present invention, first, the supporting leg is erected vertically at the measurement point of the ground, and the telescopic arm is raised and held horizontally. Then, adjust the height of the plumb bob so that the plumb bob is just on the boundary, and extend and retract the telescopic arm horizontally. Then, the length from the hanging position of the plumb bob to the support leg is measured by using the horizontal distance measuring means and is set as the horizontal distance from the boundary.

Here, the horizontal distance measuring means has a predetermined reel built in the arm member connected to the support leg, and the end of the tape measure pulled out from the reel is fixed to the arm member arranged at the tip. When the scale of the tape measure can be read through the display window formed on the arm member connected to the support leg, the numerical value displayed on the display window is the horizontal distance from the boundary to the measurement point.

Further, when the horizontal distance measuring means is constituted by calibrating the arm members, the relative movement distance of each arm member with respect to the adjacent arm member is read and those numerical values are connected to the supporting leg itself. The horizontal distance from the boundary is added together with the length of.

On the other hand, in order to measure the height from the benchmark, the telescopic arm is horizontally extended and contracted so that the plumb bob is exactly on the benchmark, and the height of the plumb bob is adjusted. Then, the length of the support leg is subtracted from the hanging height of the plumb bob to obtain the ground height from the benchmark.

The height of the plumb bob can be measured by applying a scale between the tip of the telescopic arm and the lower end of the plumb bob, but a height measuring means for measuring the hanging height of the plumb bob is provided. In this case, the ground height can be easily known by subtracting the length of the supporting leg from the measured value.

Here, the height measuring means is formed on the arm member while a predetermined reel is built into the arm member arranged at the tip and the end of the tape measure drawn from the reel is fixed by swinging down. When the scale of the tape measure is read through the display window, the numerical value displayed on the display window becomes the hanging height of the plumb bob.

Further, when the length of the supporting leg is variably configured and the leg length measuring means for measuring the length is provided, the leg length is measured from the hanging height of the plumb bob measured by the height measuring means. The ground height can be easily known by subtracting the leg length measured by the means.

If the tip of the telescopic arm does not reach the boundary or the benchmark even when it is fully extended, the support leg is erected at the boundary or at an appropriate intermediate point between the benchmark and the measurement point, and the above-mentioned expansion and contraction is performed. A second telescoping arm is connected to the side opposite the swivel arm. Then, each telescopic arm is expanded and contracted and the height of each plumb bob is adjusted, and the horizontal distance from the intermediate point to the boundary and from the intermediate point to the measurement point, and the height between them are adjusted by the same procedure as above. The difference is measured, and each horizontal distance and each height difference are summed up to obtain a measured value.

[0021]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a ground surveying instrument according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(First Embodiment) FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view showing a ground surveying instrument according to this embodiment. As can be seen in the figure, the ground surveying instrument 1 of the present embodiment includes a support leg 2 that is erected on the ground, an extendable arm 3 that is hinge-joined to the support leg 2 so as to maintain a right angle, and A plumb bob 4 suspended from the vicinity of the tip of the telescopic arm 3 so that the height thereof can be freely adjusted, and a support leg 2 from a hanging position of the plumb bob 4.
And a horizontal distance measuring means 6 for measuring the horizontal distance up to.

The support leg 2 has a variable overall length by inserting the leg member 8 into the leg member 7 having a box-shaped hollow cross section in a nested manner, and the adjuster 9 is used to fix the mutual fixing positions. It can be modified and adjusted to the desired length. The lower end of the leg member 8 is provided with a pin 11 for inserting into the ground and a brim-shaped base 10 that comes into contact with the surface of the ground, and a scale 12 is attached to the side surface as a leg length measuring means. Display window 1 provided on member 7
The scale 12 can be read through 3.
The scale 12 is a line 2 indicating the axis of the telescopic arm 3.
It is recommended to enter the numerical value so that the height from 1 to the ground surface is directly displayed.

The telescopic arm 3 is hinged to the upper end of the support leg 2 by a hinge (not shown) and is also connected via a foldable connecting member 14. By extending the connecting member 14 straightly. It can hold a right angle to the support leg 2. Telescopic arm 3
Is generally composed of an arm member 15 hinge-joined to the support leg 2, an arm member 16 joined to the inside of the arm member by a nest joint, and an arm member 17 similarly joined to the arm member 16 by a nest joint. A bubble tube 26 for measuring the horizontal is attached to the arm member 15. As for the telescopic arm 3, for example, the length of the arm member 15 is preferably set to 50 cm and the maximum length is set to about 120 mm.

As can be seen from the perspective view of FIG. 1 (b), the horizontal distance measuring means 6 incorporates the reel 18 in the arm member 15 and attaches the end of the tape measure 19 pulled out from the reel 18 to the arm member 1.
The scale of the tape measure 19 can be read through the display window 20 formed in the arm member 15 while being fixed to the armature member 7. On the scale of the tape measure 19, it is necessary to enter a numerical value so as to directly display the length of the tip of the telescopic arm 3, that is, the length from the hanging position of the plumb bob 4 to the line 22 indicating the material axis of the support leg 2. Good. A spiral spring is preferably built in the reel 18 so that the tape measure 19 does not loosen and is wound around the reel 18 when the retractable arm 3 is contracted.

On the other hand, the ground surveying instrument 1 of this embodiment is provided with the height measuring means 5 which also serves to adjust the hanging height of the plumb bob 4. That is, the height measuring means 5 includes the arm member 17
In which the reel 23 is built in, the end of the tape measure 24 pulled out from the reel 23 is fixed to the swing-down 4, and the scale of the tape measure 24 can be read through the display window 25 formed in the arm member 17. Is. It is preferable that the scale of the tape measure 24 is filled with numerical values so as to directly display the height from the lower end of the plumb bob 4 to the line 21 indicating the material axis of the telescopic arm 3. A spiral spring is preferably built in the reel 23 so that the tape measure 24 does not slacken and is wound around the reel 23 when the plumb bob 4 is lifted. Further, it is preferable that the strength of the spring be such that when the plumb bob 4 is moved up and down and separated at a desired position, the spring vibrates at that position.

In order to measure the horizontal distance from a road boundary using the ground surveying instrument 1 of this embodiment, first, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), first, the supporting leg 2 is vertically placed at the ground measurement point. While standing upright, the telescopic arm 3 is raised and the bubble tube 26
Hold the telescopic arm 3 horizontally while watching. In addition,
The length of the support leg 2 is appropriately adjusted in consideration of the height difference from the road boundary.

Next, if the boundary with the road is on the right side of the gutter 31, so that the plumb bob 4 is just above it,
The plumb bob 4 is lowered to adjust its height and the telescopic arm 3 is extended horizontally. Then, the length from the hanging position of the plumb bob 4 to the support leg 2 is read as a scale of the tape measure 19 displayed on the display window 20, and is set as the horizontal distance from the road boundary to the measurement point.

On the other hand, if the benchmark is set on the road surface 32 on the left side of the gutter 31, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the retractable arm 3 is placed so that the plumb bob 4 is exactly on the road surface 32. Horizontally expands and contracts, and plumb down 4
Adjust the height of the. Then, the hanging height of the plumb bob is read as the numerical value of the tape measure 24 displayed on the display window 25, and the length of the supporting leg is read from the numerical value of the scale 12 which is the leg length measuring means displayed on the display window 13, Tape measure 24
The value of the scale 12 is subtracted from the value of to obtain the ground height from the benchmark.

When the ground surveying instrument 1 of this embodiment is stored or transported, the connecting member 14 may be folded and the telescopic arm 3 may be tilted toward the support leg 2.

As described above, according to the ground surveying instrument of this embodiment, the telescopic arm is appropriately extended and contracted so that the plumb bob hung from the tip of the telescopic arm is on the boundary or the benchmark. In addition to this, the hanging height of the plumb bob is adjusted, and the horizontal distance from the boundary and the ground height from the benchmark are configured to be measured in this state, so even if there is a height difference from the measurement point, one person Can be easily measured by other workers.

Further, since the horizontal distance measuring means is provided to display the length from the tip of the telescopic arm to the supporting leg, the horizontal distance from the boundary or the like can be grasped at a glance and the height can be grasped. Since the measuring means and the leg length measuring means are provided to respectively display the hanging height of the plumb bob and the length of the supporting leg, the height difference from the benchmark can be easily known.

In this embodiment, the horizontal distance measuring means is constructed by using the reels, but a construction as shown in FIG. 3 may be used instead of such construction. That is, the ground surveying instrument 41 according to the present modified example includes the support leg 2 and the support leg 2 as in the above-described embodiment.
Generally, it is composed of a telescopic arm 42 hinge-joined to the support leg 2 so as to be able to maintain a right angle, and a plumb bob 4 suspended from the vicinity of the tip of the telescopic arm 42 so that the height thereof can be adjusted. The horizontal distance measuring means of this modified example is configured by attaching a scale 46 and a scale 47 to the arm member 44 and the arm member 45 of the arm member 43, the arm member 44, and the arm member 45 that form the retractable arm 42, respectively. I am doing it.

In the case of such a configuration, the scale 4 of the arm member 44
6, the relative movement distance of the arm member 44 with respect to the arm member 43 is read, the relative movement distance of the arm member 45 with respect to the arm member 44 is read from the scale 47 of the arm member 45, and these numerical values are shown together with the length of the arm member 43 itself. The total should be the horizontal distance from the boundary.

In this embodiment, the height of the plumb bob 4 is adjusted by the reel built in the arm member.
Instead of this, as shown in FIG.
8 is attached to the arm member 43 with a magnet or the like, and the reel 4
The plumb bob 4 drawn out from the arm member 8 may be lowered from the tip of the arm member 45. In the case of such a configuration, the height adjusting means is omitted, but if a scale is applied between the tip of the telescopic arm 45 and the lower end of the plumb bob 4, the hanging height of the plumb bob is measured. can do.

Although the length of the support leg is variable in this embodiment, it may be a fixed length support leg. In the case of such a configuration, the fixed length of the support leg may be subtracted from the hanging height of the swing to obtain the height difference of the ground.

If the tip of the telescopic arm 3 does not reach the boundary or the benchmark even when the telescopic arm 3 is fully extended, the ground surveying instrument 51 shown in FIG. 4 may be used.

The ground surveying tool 51 includes a support leg 2a, a telescopic arm 3a, and a plumb bob 4 suspended from the vicinity of the tip of the telescopic arm 3a so that its height can be adjusted. A horizontal distance measuring means 6 for measuring a horizontal distance from the hanging position of the plumb bob 4 to the support leg 2a.
And a height measuring means 5 for measuring the hanging height of the plumb bob 4.
However, in this modification, a hanging hook 52 for passing through the hole 54 of the bracket 53 and attaching the hanging hook 52 is provided on the side surface of the leg member 7 of the support leg 2a, and is extended and contracted. A connecting recess 55 is provided at the end of the free arm 3a on the side of the support leg, and the retractable arm 3 is inserted into the recess 55.
The connecting convex portion 56 of b is fitted.

The extendable arm 3b has substantially the same structure as the extendable arm 3a.
An arm member 15b connected to the recessed portion 55 of the bracket 53 and supported by the bracket 53, an arm member 16b joined to the arm member by a nesting joint, and an arm member 17b joined to the arm member 16b similarly by a nesting joint. The horizontal distance measuring means 6b and the height adjusting means 5b are built in these arm members similarly to the above-mentioned embodiment.

In such a structure, as shown in FIG. 5, the support leg 2a is erected at the boundary or at an appropriate intermediate point between the benchmark and the measurement point, and the second leg is provided on the side opposite to the telescopic arm 3a. The telescopic arm 3b is connected as the telescopic arm. And each telescopic arm 3
Adjust the height of each plumb bob 4 while expanding and contracting a and 3b, and measure the horizontal distance from the midpoint to the boundary and from the midpoint to the measurement point, and the height difference between them, in the same procedure as above. Then, each horizontal distance and each height difference are summed up to obtain the measured value.

According to this structure, even when the telescopic arm 3 is fully extended and the tip thereof does not reach the boundary or the benchmark, the horizontal distance to the measurement point and the height difference can be easily measured. it can.

[0042]

As described above, the ground surveying instrument of the present invention comprises a support leg that is erected on the ground, an extendable arm hinged to the support leg so that the support leg can be held at a right angle, and the extendable and retractable arm. Since it is composed of a plumb bob whose height can be freely adjusted from the vicinity of the tip of the swivel arm and a horizontal distance measuring means for measuring the horizontal distance from the hanging position of the plumb bob to the supporting leg, work by one person The staff can efficiently measure the ground height and horizontal distance.

[0043]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a ground surveying instrument according to the present embodiment,
(a) is an overall perspective view, (b) is a partial perspective view showing an internal mechanism with a part omitted.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a method of using the ground surveying instrument according to the present embodiment, in which (a) shows a horizontal distance and (b) shows how the height difference is measured.

FIG. 3 is an overall perspective view of a ground surveying instrument according to a modified example of the present embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a ground surveying instrument according to another modification of the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a method of using a ground surveying tool according to another modification of the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 41, 51 Ground surveying instrument 2, 2a Support leg 3, 42, 3a Telescopic arm 4 Down swing 5 Height adjusting means 6 Horizontal distance measuring means 12 Scale (leg length measuring means) 13, 20, 25 Display window 15, 16, 17, 43, 44, 45 Arm member 18, 23 Reel 19, 24 Tape measure 46, 47 Scale (horizontal distance measuring means) 3b Second telescopic arm 4b Second lower swing 5b Second height adjusting means 6b Second horizontal distance measuring means

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A support leg that is erected on the ground, an extendable arm hinge-joined to the support leg so as to be able to hold a right angle, and a height adjustable from the vicinity of the tip of the extendable arm. A ground surveying instrument comprising a plumb bob and horizontal distance measuring means for measuring a horizontal distance from a hanging position of the plumb bob to the support leg. 2. The telescopic arm comprises a plurality of arm members joined by a nesting joint, and the horizontal distance measuring means comprises:
Of the arm members, a predetermined reel is built in the arm member connected to the support leg, and the end of the tape measure pulled out from the reel is fixed to the arm member arranged at the tip of the arm member. At the same time, the ground surveying instrument according to claim 1, wherein the scale of the tape measure can be read through a display window formed on an arm member connected to the support leg. 3. The telescopic arm comprises a plurality of arm members joined by a nesting joint, and the horizontal distance measuring means comprises:
The ground surveying instrument according to claim 1, wherein the arm member is provided with a scale. 4. The ground surveying instrument according to claim 1, further comprising height measuring means for measuring a hanging height of the plumb bob. 5. The height measuring means incorporates a predetermined reel in an arm member arranged at a tip of the arm member, and fixes an end of a tape measure pulled out from the reel to the plumb bob. At the same time, the ground surveying instrument according to claim 4, wherein the scale of the tape measure can be read through a display window formed in the arm member. 6. The leg length measuring means for variably configuring the length of the support leg and for measuring the length.
Alternatively, the ground surveying instrument according to claim 5. 7. A second telescopic arm removably connected to the side opposite to the telescopic arm, and a second suspension hung from the vicinity of the tip of the second telescopic arm such that the height of the second telescopic arm is adjustable. 2. The ground surveying instrument according to claim 1, further comprising: a second plumb bob and a second horizontal distance measuring unit that measures a horizontal distance from the hanging position of the second plumb bob to the support leg.