JPH09287421A - Valve seat for internal combustion engine and manufacture thereof - Google Patents
Valve seat for internal combustion engine and manufacture thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09287421A JPH09287421A JP10305696A JP10305696A JPH09287421A JP H09287421 A JPH09287421 A JP H09287421A JP 10305696 A JP10305696 A JP 10305696A JP 10305696 A JP10305696 A JP 10305696A JP H09287421 A JPH09287421 A JP H09287421A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- valve seat
- hard
- layer
- soft
- internal combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、内燃機関に用いら
れるバルブシートに係り、特に、耐摩耗性に優れるバル
ブシート及びその製造方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a valve seat used in an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a valve seat having excellent wear resistance and a manufacturing method thereof.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】内燃機関用のバルブシートは、生産性や
寸法精度が高く、かつ材料の歩留まりも良好であるなど
の理由から、粉末冶金法により製造されることが多い。2. Description of the Related Art Valve seats for internal combustion engines are often manufactured by powder metallurgy because of their high productivity, high dimensional accuracy, and high material yield.
【０００３】バルブシートにおけるエンジンバルブが着
座するシート部には、高い耐摩耗性が要求され、この要
求を満たすために、従来のバルブシートは、焼結材料に
高合金材を用いてマトリックスの強化を図ったり、焼結
材料に金属間化合物や炭、窒化物等の硬質材料を添加す
るなどして製造されている。The seat portion of the valve seat on which the engine valve is seated is required to have high wear resistance, and in order to meet this requirement, the conventional valve seat uses a high alloy material as a sintering material to strengthen the matrix. Or by adding a hard material such as an intermetallic compound, carbon, or nitride to the sintered material.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述のように、焼結材
料に高合金材を用いると、製造後のバルブシート全体が
硬質となって、機械加工性(被削性)が悪化するばかりで
なく、高合金材は高価であるため、製造コストが嵩む。
また、焼結材料に硬質材料を添加すると、それらの撹拌
混合を十分に行ったとしても、比重や粒度等の差により
偏析が生じることが避けられず、焼結後におけるバルブ
シートの組織が不均一となって、フェース面に偏摩耗を
起こすことがある。As described above, when a high alloy material is used as the sintering material, the entire valve seat after manufacturing becomes hard and not only the machinability (machinability) deteriorates. In addition, since the high alloy material is expensive, the manufacturing cost increases.
In addition, when hard materials are added to the sintered material, segregation is unavoidable due to differences in specific gravity, particle size, etc. even if they are sufficiently agitated and mixed, and the structure of the valve seat after sintering is not good. It becomes uniform and uneven wear may occur on the face surface.
【０００５】本発明は、上記問題点に鑑みてなされたも
ので、高価かつ硬質の高合金材を用いたり、硬質材料を
添加したりすることなく、耐摩耗性及び機械加工性に優
れるバルブシート及びその製造方法を提供することを目
的としている。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is a valve seat excellent in wear resistance and machinability without using an expensive and hard high alloy material or adding a hard material. And its manufacturing method.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明によると、上記課
題は、次のようにして解決される。 （１）円環状の基部と、エンジンバルブが着座するテー
パ状のフェース面を備える円環状のシート部とからなる
内燃機関用バルブシートにおいて、前記シート部を、硬
質層と軟質層とを軸線方向に交互に積み重ねた多層構造
とする。According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problem is solved as follows. (1) A valve seat for an internal combustion engine comprising an annular base portion and an annular seat portion having a tapered face surface on which an engine valve is seated, wherein the seat portion includes a hard layer and a soft layer in an axial direction. It has a multi-layer structure that is alternately stacked.
【０００７】（２）上記(１)項において、硬質層を高融
点材料により、また軟質層をフェライト系の合金材料に
よりそれぞれ形成する。(2) In the above item (1), the hard layer is made of a high melting point material and the soft layer is made of a ferrite alloy material.
【０００８】（３）上記バルブシートは、金型における
円環状をなす有底の型孔内に、基部形式用の原料粉を秤
量して挿入するとともに、その上部に、硬質層形成用の
原料粉と軟質層形成用の原料粉とを、交互に秤量して挿
入したのち、それらの原料粉をパンチをもって同時に圧
縮することにより、製造しようとするバルブシートとほ
ぼ同形の圧粉体を形成し、この圧粉体を焼結することに
より製造される。(3) In the above-mentioned valve seat, raw material powder for the base type is weighed and inserted into an annular bottomed mold hole of a mold, and a raw material for forming a hard layer is formed on the upper portion thereof. The powder and the raw material powder for forming the soft layer are alternately weighed and inserted, and then these raw material powders are simultaneously compressed with a punch to form a green compact having substantially the same shape as the valve seat to be manufactured. It is manufactured by sintering this green compact.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施例を、図面に
基づいて説明する。図１及び図２は、本発明のバルブシ
ート(１)を示し、図示しないシリンダヘッドに圧入され
る円環状の基部(２)の上面に、エンジンバルブ(図示略)
が着座するテーパ状のフェース面(3a)を備える円環状の
シート部(３)を結合して構成されている。シート部(３)
は硬質層(４)と軟質層(５)とを、上下方向(軸線方向)に
交互に積み重ねて固着した多層構造となっている。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a valve seat (1) of the present invention, in which an engine valve (not shown) is provided on an upper surface of an annular base (2) which is press-fitted into a cylinder head (not shown).
It is configured by coupling an annular seat portion (3) having a tapered face surface (3a) on which the seat is seated. Seat part (3)
Has a multilayer structure in which hard layers (4) and soft layers (5) are alternately stacked in the vertical direction (axial direction) and fixed.
【００１０】硬質層(４)の材料としては、エンジンバル
ブとの凝着摩耗が生じにくい高融点材料、例えばＦeＭ
o、ＦeＣrやその他の金属間化合物、酸化物(Ａl2Ｏ3、
ＺrＯ2等)、炭化物(Ｃr3Ｃ2、ＮbＣ、ＴiＣ等)、窒化物
(ＣrＮ、ＢＮ等)、硼化物(ＦeＢ、ＣrＢ等)等のセラミ
ックス系の金属間化合物、あるいは、Ｃo−Ｍo−Ｃr−
Ｓi系等のＣo基材料、Ｆe−Ｃ−Ｃr−Ｎi−Ｍo−Ｃo−
Ｗ−Ｖ系の高合金材が適している。The material of the hard layer (4) is a high melting point material such as FeM, which is unlikely to cause adhesive wear with the engine valve.
o, FeCr and other intermetallic compounds, oxides (Al 2 O 3 ,
ZrO 2 etc.), carbides (Cr 3 C 2 , NbC, TiC etc.), nitrides
(CrN, BN, etc.), boride (FeB, CrB, etc.), and other ceramic-based intermetallic compounds, or Co-Mo-Cr-
Co-based materials such as Si-based materials, Fe-C-Cr-Ni-Mo-Co-
A WV type high alloy material is suitable.
【００１１】また、軟質層(５)の材料としては、フェラ
イト系の合金材料、例えばＦe−Ｃr系、Ｆe−Ｃu−Ｎi
−Ｍo系等が適している。Further, as the material of the soft layer (5), a ferrite type alloy material such as Fe-Cr type or Fe-Cu-Ni is used.
-Mo system is suitable.
【００１２】硬質層(４)と軟質層(５)の厚さは、ともに
５０〜１００μｍ程度(図面上では、厚さを誇張して示
している)とするのが好ましい。It is preferable that both the hard layer (4) and the soft layer (5) have a thickness of about 50 to 100 μm (the thickness is exaggerated in the drawing).
【００１３】上記基部(２)の材料としては、シリンダヘ
ッドよりの耐脱落性及び被削性に優れるマルテンサイト
系の合金材料、例えばＦe−Ｃu−Ｎi−Ｍo−Ｃ系、Ｆe
−Ｃr−Ｎi−Ｍo−Ｃ系、Ｆe−Ｃr−Ｃ系等が適してい
る。なお、これらマルテンサイト系の合金材料に、Ｃa
Ｆ2やＢaＦ2等の被削性改善材を適宜添加することもあ
る。As the material of the base (2), a martensitic alloy material having excellent resistance to dropping from the cylinder head and machinability, such as Fe-Cu-Ni-Mo-C, Fe is used.
-Cr-Ni-Mo-C system, Fe-Cr-C system and the like are suitable. In addition, these martensitic alloy materials contain Ca
A machinability improving material such as F 2 or BaF 2 may be appropriately added.
【００１４】図３〜図６は、上記バルブシートの製造要
領を工程順に示している。図３に示すように、まず圧粉
体成形用の金型(６)に形成された円環状の有底の型孔
(７)内に、型潤滑剤を添加して予め混粉された、上記基
部(２)の成形材料であるマルテンサイト系の合金粉末
(８)を、所要量秤量して挿入する。3 to 6 show the manufacturing procedure of the valve seat in the order of steps. As shown in FIG. 3, first, an annular bottomed mold hole formed in a mold (6) for molding a green compact.
A martensite-based alloy powder, which is the molding material of the above-mentioned base (2), is mixed in advance by adding a mold lubricant into (7).
(8) is weighed and inserted.
【００１５】ついで、図４に示すように、マルテンサイ
ト系の合金粉末(８)の上部に、上記硬質層(４)の形成材
料である高融点粉末(９)と、軟質層(５)の形成材料であ
るフェライト系の合金粉末(10)とを、１：１の割合で交
互に所要量秤量して挿入する。ついで、図５に示すよう
に、金型(６)の上方に昇降可能として設けられた、フェ
ース面形成用のテーパ押圧面(11a)と水平押圧面(11b)と
を下端面に有する円環状のパンチ(11)を、型孔(７)内に
向かって下降させ、マルテンサイト系の合金粉末(８)
と、高融点合金粉末(９)及びフェライト系の合金粉末(1
0)とを、５〜７ｔf／cm2の圧力(密度は６〜７g／cm3)で
同時に強圧し、製造しようとするバルブシート(１)とほ
ぼ同形状の圧粉体(12)を形成する。Then, as shown in FIG. 4, a high melting point powder (9) which is a material for forming the hard layer (4) and a soft layer (5) are formed on the upper part of the martensite alloy powder (8). The ferrite type alloy powder (10) which is a forming material is weighed and inserted alternately at a ratio of 1: 1. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, an annular shape having a taper pressing surface (11a) for forming a face surface and a horizontal pressing surface (11b) on the lower end surface, which is provided so as to be able to move up and down above the mold (6). The punch (11) of (1) is lowered toward the inside of the die hole (7), and the martensitic alloy powder (8)
And high melting point alloy powder (9) and ferrite alloy powder (1
0) and 5) at a pressure of 5 to 7 tf / cm 2 (density is 6 to 7 g / cm 3 ) at the same time to form a green compact (12) having almost the same shape as the valve seat (1) to be manufactured. To do.
【００１６】最後に、図６に示すように、前工程で成形
した圧粉体(12)を焼結炉(13)内に収容し、まず５００℃
前後の予熱により型潤滑剤を蒸発させたのち、分解アン
モニアガス等の保護雰囲気中にて、１１００〜１２００
℃の温度で所定時間加熱して焼結する。すると、図１及
び図２に示すバルブシート(１)と同様、基部(２')の上面
に、硬質層(４')と軟質層(５')とよりなる多層構造のシ
ート部(３')が結合されたバルブシート(１')が得られ
る。Finally, as shown in FIG. 6, the green compact (12) molded in the previous step is housed in a sintering furnace (13) and is first heated to 500 ° C.
After evaporating the mold lubricant by preheating before and after, 1100 to 1200 in a protective atmosphere such as decomposed ammonia gas.
Sinter by heating at a temperature of ℃ for a predetermined time. Then, similar to the valve seat (1) shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, on the upper surface of the base (2 ′), a seat (3 ′) having a multilayer structure including a hard layer (4 ′) and a soft layer (5 ′) is formed. A valve seat (1 ′) having bonded)) is obtained.
【００１７】上述したように、シート部(３)を、硬質層
(４)と軟質層(５)とを交互に積み重ねた多層構造とする
ことにより、エンジンバルブが着座するフェース面(3a)
にも、環状をなす硬質部と軟質部とが交互にかつ均一に
表出される。As described above, the sheet portion (3) is provided with a hard layer.
The face surface (3a) on which the engine valve is seated by forming a multilayer structure in which (4) and the soft layer (5) are alternately stacked.
Also, the hard portions and the soft portions forming the ring are alternately and uniformly exposed.
【００１８】従って、焼結材料に単に硬質材料を添加し
て形成した従来のバルブシートのような偏析が生じるこ
とはなく、耐摩耗性に優れるバルブシートとすることが
できる。また、シート部(３)には、軟質層(５)を設けて
あるので、エンジンバルブとのなじみ性がよく、硬質部
のみとした際に起こり易い相手材(エンジンバルブ)の攻
撃性が緩和される。Therefore, segregation unlike a conventional valve seat formed by simply adding a hard material to a sintered material does not occur, and a valve seat having excellent wear resistance can be obtained. In addition, since the seat part (3) is provided with the soft layer (5), it has good compatibility with the engine valve and mitigates the aggressiveness of the mating material (engine valve) that tends to occur when only the hard part is used. To be done.
【００１９】バルブシート全体を、高価かつ硬質の高合
金材により形成する必要がないので、製造コストを低減
しうるとともに、仕上加工等を施す際の機械加工性(被
削性)も良好となる。本発明は、上記実施例に限定され
るものではない。上記製造方法において、基部(２')と
シート部(3')用の圧粉体をそれぞれ別体に形成したのち
焼結し、それらを、適宜の接合手段(例えばろう付け)に
より互いに結合して一体化してもよい。また、圧粉体(1
2)の成形工程において、上面が平坦な圧粉体とし、テー
パ状のフェース面(3a')を、焼結後の仕上加工と同時に
形成することもある。Since it is not necessary to form the entire valve seat from an expensive and hard high alloy material, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the machinability (machinability) at the time of performing finishing or the like can be improved. . The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. In the above manufacturing method, the green compact for the base portion (2 ') and the green compact for the sheet portion (3') are separately formed and then sintered, and they are joined to each other by an appropriate joining means (for example, brazing). May be integrated. Also, the green compact (1
In the forming step of 2), a green compact having a flat upper surface may be used, and the tapered face surface (3a ′) may be formed simultaneously with the finishing process after sintering.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、次のような効果が得ら
れる。 (ａ)シート部を、硬質層と軟質層とを交互に積み重ねた
多層構造とすることにより、エンジンバルブが着座する
フェース面に、硬質部と軟質部とが交互にかつ均一に形
成され、その部分の耐摩耗性及びなじみ性が大幅に向上
する。According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (a) By forming the seat portion into a multi-layer structure in which hard layers and soft layers are alternately stacked, hard portions and soft portions are formed alternately and uniformly on the face surface on which the engine valve is seated. The wear resistance and conformability of the part are significantly improved.
【００２１】(ｂ)バルブシート全体を、従来のような高
価でかつ硬質の高合金材により形成する必要がないの
で、安価で被削性のよいバルブシートが得られる。(B) Since it is not necessary to form the entire valve seat with an expensive and hard high alloy material as in the prior art, an inexpensive valve seat with good machinability can be obtained.
【００２２】(ｃ)請求項３記載の方法によれば、硬質層
と軟質層とからなる多層構造のシート部を備えるバルブ
シートを容易に製造しうる。(C) According to the method of the third aspect, it is possible to easily manufacture a valve seat including a seat portion having a multi-layer structure composed of a hard layer and a soft layer.
【図１】本発明のバルブシートの外観斜視図である。FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a valve seat of the present invention.
【図２】同じく中央縦断正面図である。FIG. 2 is a front view of the same as the central longitudinal section.
【図３】本発明の製造要領を示し、金型の型孔内に基部
形成用の原料粉を挿入した中央縦断正面図である。FIG. 3 is a central vertical sectional front view showing a manufacturing procedure of the present invention, in which a raw material powder for forming a base portion is inserted into a mold hole of a mold.
【図４】同じく、基部形成用の原料粉の上部に、硬質層
及び軟質層形成用の原料粉を交互に挿入した中央縦断正
面図である。FIG. 4 is a central vertical front view in which raw material powders for forming hard layers and soft layers are alternately inserted on top of the raw material powders for forming a base portion.
【図５】同じく、全ての原料粉をパンチにより同時に圧
縮して圧粉体とした中央縦断正面図である。FIG. 5 is likewise a central vertical sectional front view of a green compact obtained by simultaneously compressing all raw material powders with a punch.
【図６】同じく圧粉体の焼結工程を示す中央縦断正面図
である。FIG. 6 is a central vertical sectional front view showing the sintering process of the green compact.
(１)(1')バルブシート (２)(2')基部 (３)(3')シート部 (3a)(3a')フェース面 (４)(4')硬質層 (５)(5')軟質層 (６)金型 (７)型孔 (８)合金粉末(原料粉) (９)高融点粉末(原料粉) (10)合金粉末(原料粉) (11)パンチ (12)圧粉体 (13)焼結炉 (1) (1 ') Valve seat (2) (2') Base (3) (3 ') Seat (3a) (3a') Face surface (4) (4 ') Hard layer (5) (5') ) Soft layer (6) Mold (7) Mold cavity (8) Alloy powder (raw powder) (9) High melting point powder (raw powder) (10) Alloy powder (raw powder) (11) Punch (12) Green compact Body (13) Sintering furnace
Claims (3)
するテーパ状のフェース面を備える円環状のシート部と
からなる内燃機関用バルブシートにおいて、 前記シート部を、硬質層と軟質層とを軸線方向に交互に
積み重ねた多層構造としたことを特徴とする内燃機関用
バルブシート。1. A valve seat for an internal combustion engine, comprising an annular base portion and an annular seat portion having a tapered face surface on which an engine valve is seated, wherein the seat portion includes a hard layer and a soft layer. A valve seat for an internal combustion engine, which has a multilayer structure in which layers are alternately stacked in the axial direction.
をフェライト系の合金材料によりそれぞれ形成した請求
項１記載の内燃機関用バルブシート。2. The valve seat for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the hard layer is made of a high melting point material and the soft layer is made of a ferrite alloy material.
に、基部形成用の原料粉を秤量して挿入するとともに、
その上部に、硬質層形成用の原料粉と軟質層形成用の原
料粉とを、交互に秤量して挿入したのち、それらの原料
粉をパンチをもって同時に圧縮することにより、製造し
ようとするバルブシートとほぼ同形の圧粉体を形成し、
この圧粉体を焼結することを特徴とする内燃機関用バル
ブシートの製造方法。3. A raw material powder for forming a base is weighed and inserted into an annular bottomed mold cavity of a mold, and
A raw material powder for forming a hard layer and a raw material powder for forming a soft layer are alternately weighed and inserted into the upper portion thereof, and then the raw material powders are simultaneously compressed with a punch to produce a valve sheet to be manufactured. Form a green compact with almost the same shape as
A method of manufacturing a valve seat for an internal combustion engine, which comprises sintering the green compact.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10305696A JPH09287421A (en) | 1996-04-25 | 1996-04-25 | Valve seat for internal combustion engine and manufacture thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10305696A JPH09287421A (en) | 1996-04-25 | 1996-04-25 | Valve seat for internal combustion engine and manufacture thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09287421A true JPH09287421A (en) | 1997-11-04 |
Family
ID=14344025
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10305696A Pending JPH09287421A (en) | 1996-04-25 | 1996-04-25 | Valve seat for internal combustion engine and manufacture thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09287421A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112901305A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-06-04 | 曼恩能源方案有限公司 | Valve seat ring of gas exchange valve and gas exchange valve |
-
1996
- 1996-04-25 JP JP10305696A patent/JPH09287421A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112901305A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-06-04 | 曼恩能源方案有限公司 | Valve seat ring of gas exchange valve and gas exchange valve |
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