JPH09281813A - Image forming device - Google Patents
Image forming deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09281813A JPH09281813A JP8087903A JP8790396A JPH09281813A JP H09281813 A JPH09281813 A JP H09281813A JP 8087903 A JP8087903 A JP 8087903A JP 8790396 A JP8790396 A JP 8790396A JP H09281813 A JPH09281813 A JP H09281813A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- intermediate transfer
- toner
- grain
- image forming
- forming apparatus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
- Color Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、電子写真技術を用
いた画像形成装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus using electrophotography.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】感光体上に形成されたトナー像を記録媒
体に転写する前に、中間転写手段上に転写し、中間転写
手段上からトナー画像を記録媒体に転写して画像を形成
する画像形成方式は、容易に多色画像を形成できること
から、カラー複写機等のカラー画像形成装置に採用され
ている。2. Description of the Related Art An image forming an image by transferring a toner image formed on a photoconductor to an intermediate transfer unit before transferring the toner image to the recording medium and transferring the toner image from the intermediate transfer unit to the recording medium. The forming method is used in a color image forming apparatus such as a color copying machine because a multicolor image can be easily formed.
【0003】上記中間転写体方式では、トナー画像を中
間的に保持する中間転写手段に様々な特性が要求される
が、中間転写手段に弾性層を設けると、感光体とのニッ
プ部に現像剤のキャリアが噛み込んだときに発生する感
光体の傷つきが減少し、感光体の長寿命化に効果があ
る。In the above-mentioned intermediate transfer body system, various characteristics are required for the intermediate transfer means for intermediately holding the toner image. However, when the intermediate transfer means is provided with the elastic layer, the developer is provided in the nip portion with the photoconductor. The damage to the photoconductor that occurs when the carrier is bitten is reduced, which is effective in extending the life of the photoconductor.
【0004】また、弾性層を設ける利点として、特開平
1−198773 号公報にあるように、感光体と中間転写手段
の転写点でのニップが安定に確保されるという効果もあ
る。又、中間転写手段の表面層に弾性層を設けること
で、トナーの最下層が中間転写手段の表面に粘着し、ト
ナーの転写効率が低下してしまう点については、特開平
7−234592 号公報にあるように、中間転写手段表面に粒
径がトナー粒径の2分の1以下の微小粒子を固着させる
ことが提案されている。Further, as an advantage of providing an elastic layer, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
As described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-198773, there is also an effect that a nip between the photoconductor and the transfer point of the intermediate transfer means is stably secured. Further, by providing an elastic layer on the surface layer of the intermediate transfer means, the lowermost layer of the toner adheres to the surface of the intermediate transfer means, which lowers the transfer efficiency of the toner.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-234592, it has been proposed to fix fine particles having a particle diameter of ½ or less of the toner particle diameter on the surface of the intermediate transfer means.
【0005】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来技術のよう
に、中間転写手段に弾性層を持たせることは有効な手段
であり、また中間転写手段表面に微小粒子を固着させる
ことは転写効率の向上に有効である。As in the above-mentioned prior art, it is an effective means to provide the intermediate transfer means with an elastic layer, and fixing fine particles to the surface of the intermediate transfer means improves the transfer efficiency. Is effective for.
【0006】しかしながら、微小粒子は一粒の絶対質量
が小さいため、空気中で浮遊しやすく、これを弾性体表
面に固着させることはきわめて困難であり、この点につ
いては述べられていない。However, since the fine particles each have a small absolute mass, they tend to float in the air, and it is extremely difficult to fix them to the surface of the elastic body. This point is not mentioned.
【0007】又、弾性体表面に部分的に微小粒子を固着
させるだけならば中間転写体表面に該微小粒子を圧接す
る等により可能であるが中間転写体の表面全体に対し均
一に固着させることはきわめて困難である。Further, if the fine particles are only partially adhered to the surface of the elastic body, it is possible to press the fine particles onto the surface of the intermediate transfer member, but it is to be uniformly adhered to the entire surface of the intermediate transfer member. Is extremely difficult.
【0008】もし、微小粒子の固着が不均一ならば、ト
ナーの転写効率が画像全体の中で不均一となり、転写ム
ラが生じるため、濃度ムラや文字・細線等の画像の中抜
けによる画像欠陥,線の太さの不均一など、様々な画像
欠陥としての問題が発生してしまうのである。If the adhesion of the fine particles is non-uniform, the transfer efficiency of the toner becomes non-uniform in the whole image, and transfer unevenness occurs. Therefore, image defects such as density unevenness and characters, thin lines, and other image defects occur. However, various image defects such as non-uniform line thickness will occur.
【0009】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記課題を解
決するために考案されたものであり、中間転写手段が弾
性を持つと同時にトナーとの離型性のいい均一な表面を
得るため、中間転写手段が弾性層を有すると共に、中間
転写手段表面に粒径がトナー粒径の10分の1以下であ
る微小粒子と粒径がトナー粒径と同等若しくはそれ以下
でかつ微小粒子より大きい粒子との少なくとも2種類以
上の粒径の異なる微小粒子を固着させるものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned problems. In order to obtain a uniform surface with good releasability from toner, the intermediate transfer means has elasticity. , The intermediate transfer means has an elastic layer, and the fine particles having a particle diameter of 1/10 or less of the toner particle diameter on the surface of the intermediate transfer means and the particle diameter equal to or smaller than the toner particle diameter and larger than the fine particles. At least two kinds of fine particles different in particle size from particles are fixed.
【0010】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明の一実施例を図面を
用いて詳細に説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
【0011】図1は本発明を用いた画像形成装置の概略
断面図を示したもので、図に従って装置の構成を説明す
る。FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an image forming apparatus using the present invention. The structure of the apparatus will be described with reference to the drawing.
【0012】本体奥側には、プリンタを制御するコント
ローラ(図示せず)がある。このコントローラ内には画
像信号処理部とプリント指令制御部が内蔵されている。A controller (not shown) for controlling the printer is provided on the inner side of the main body. An image signal processing unit and a print command control unit are built in this controller.
【0013】本体右寄り中央部に3つの回転可能な軸に
よって張架されたベルト状の感光体1が設けられてい
る。A belt-shaped photosensitive member 1 stretched around three rotatable shafts is provided in the central portion on the right side of the main body.
【0014】この感光体ベルト1は、表面に感光層(例
えばOPC)があり、その下に導電層(例えばアルミ)
とを持つ2層構造になっている。The photosensitive belt 1 has a photosensitive layer (for example, OPC) on the surface and a conductive layer (for example, aluminum) under the photosensitive layer.
It has a two-layer structure with and.
【0015】感光体ベルト1は、X方向に走行するよう
になっており、感光体ベルト1近傍には、X方向に沿っ
て順番に帯電器2,露光手段3,現像手段4a,4b,
4c,4d,中間転写ドラム5,イレーズランプ6,感
光体クリーナ7が設けられている。The photoconductor belt 1 is designed to run in the X direction, and in the vicinity of the photoconductor belt 1, the charger 2, the exposing means 3, the developing means 4a, 4b, and the developing means 4 are sequentially arranged along the X direction.
4c, 4d, an intermediate transfer drum 5, an erase lamp 6, and a photoconductor cleaner 7 are provided.
【0016】また、中間転写ドラム5には、クリーナ8
と転写前帯電器9が設けられている。The intermediate transfer drum 5 also includes a cleaner 8
And a pre-transfer charger 9 are provided.
【0017】帯電器2は、コロトロン帯電器であり、コ
ロトロンワイヤーの放電によって感光体を帯電する。The charger 2 is a corotron charger and charges the photoconductor by discharging the corotron wire.
【0018】露光手段3は、レーザーダイオード,ポリ
ゴンミラー,fθレンズとそれらを納めたケースにより
なる。The exposing means 3 comprises a laser diode, a polygon mirror, an fθ lens and a case containing them.
【0019】現像手段4a,4b,4c,4dの4台の
現像装置は、同型のものであるがそれぞれに異なる色の
トナー、例えば、イエロー,マゼンタ,シアン,ブラッ
クが収納されており、各色を現像する。また、それぞれ
は独立に作動するようになっている。The four developing devices of the developing means 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d are of the same type, but toners of different colors, for example, yellow, magenta, cyan and black are stored, and each color is stored. develop. In addition, each is designed to operate independently.
【0020】中間転写ドラム5は、直径80〜150mm
の円筒で、導電性の円筒基体(例えばアルミのドラム)
とそれを覆う表面層(後に詳細を説明する)から構成さ
れている。The intermediate transfer drum 5 has a diameter of 80 to 150 mm.
Cylinder, conductive cylindrical substrate (eg aluminum drum)
And a surface layer that covers it (details will be described later).
【0021】導電性の円筒基体は、アースに接続されて
いる。この中間転写ドラム5は、感光体ベルト1と適当
な圧力で押しつけられていて、ニップ幅5〜20mmで接
触し、感光体ベルト1上に形成されたトナー像は、この
ニップ部において感光体ベルト1の導電層に印加した電
圧により中間転写ドラム5上に転写される。The electrically conductive cylindrical substrate is connected to ground. The intermediate transfer drum 5 is pressed against the photoconductor belt 1 with an appropriate pressure and contacts with the nip width of 5 to 20 mm, and the toner image formed on the photoconductor belt 1 receives the photoconductor belt at this nip portion. It is transferred onto the intermediate transfer drum 5 by the voltage applied to the first conductive layer.
【0022】感光体ベルト1と中間転写ドラム5は、両
方駆動していても、一方が他方の従動であってもよい。Both the photosensitive belt 1 and the intermediate transfer drum 5 may be driven, or one of them may be driven by the other.
【0023】イレーズランプ6は、転写後感光体ベルト
1上の残留電位を光照射により除去する。The erase lamp 6 removes the residual potential on the photosensitive belt 1 after the transfer by light irradiation.
【0024】感光体クリーナ7は、転写後に感光体ベル
ト1上に残っている残留トナーを除去する。The photoconductor cleaner 7 removes the residual toner remaining on the photoconductor belt 1 after the transfer.
【0025】同じくクリーナ8は、中間転写ドラム5上
に記録媒体転写後残留しているトナーを除去する。Similarly, the cleaner 8 removes the toner remaining on the intermediate transfer drum 5 after transferring the recording medium.
【0026】クリーナ8は、中間転写ドラム5上にトナ
ー画像が形成されている間は、上方に待避するようにな
っている。The cleaner 8 retreats upward while the toner image is formed on the intermediate transfer drum 5.
【0027】転写前帯電器9は、中間転写ドラム5上の
トナーの表面の電位を一定にし、転写を良好にする働き
を持つ。The pre-transfer charger 9 has a function of making the potential of the surface of the toner on the intermediate transfer drum 5 constant and improving the transfer.
【0028】感光体ベルト1下方には、用紙カセット1
1が設けられている。この用紙カセット11上方にはピ
ックアップローラ12があり、これによって、記録媒体
10は用紙カセット11から引き出され、レジストロー
ラ13,転写ローラ14,除電器15,定着装置16を
通って排出される。Below the photosensitive belt 1, there is a paper cassette 1
1 is provided. A pickup roller 12 is provided above the paper cassette 11, whereby the recording medium 10 is pulled out from the paper cassette 11 and discharged through the registration roller 13, the transfer roller 14, the static eliminator 15, and the fixing device 16.
【0029】レジストローラ13は、記録媒体10の先
端を揃えるためのものである。The registration roller 13 is for aligning the leading ends of the recording medium 10.
【0030】転写ローラ14は、中間転写ドラム5上に
形成されたトナー画像を記録媒体10上に転写するため
のもので、金属軸と適当な抵抗値の(1k〜10GΩ)
の弾性層により構成されている。The transfer roller 14 is for transferring the toner image formed on the intermediate transfer drum 5 onto the recording medium 10, and has a metal shaft and an appropriate resistance value (1 k to 10 GΩ).
Of the elastic layer.
【0031】金属軸には、転写の為の適切な電圧が印加
され、トナー像の転写が行われる。また、転写ローラ1
4は、中間転写ドラム5上にトナー画像が形成されてい
る間は、待避して中間転写ドラム5上には接触しないよ
うになっている。An appropriate voltage for transfer is applied to the metal shaft to transfer the toner image. In addition, the transfer roller 1
The toner image 4 is retracted so that it does not come into contact with the intermediate transfer drum 5 while the toner image is formed on the intermediate transfer drum 5.
【0032】除電器15は、記録媒体10を除電し、定
着器16は、記録媒体10上のトナーを定着する。The static eliminator 15 neutralizes the recording medium 10 and the fixing device 16 fixes the toner on the recording medium 10.
【0033】次に、本発明の中間転写ドラム5の表面層
について詳細に説明する。Next, the surface layer of the intermediate transfer drum 5 of the present invention will be described in detail.
【0034】図2は本実施例で使用された中間転写ドラ
ム5の表面の概略構造図であり、中間転写ドラム基材5
a上に弾性層5bが形成され、さらに弾性層5bの表面
には、微小粒子5c,5dが固着されているものであ
る。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the surface of the intermediate transfer drum 5 used in this embodiment.
The elastic layer 5b is formed on a, and the fine particles 5c and 5d are fixed to the surface of the elastic layer 5b.
【0035】このように、弾性層表面を微小粒子で覆う
ことで、弾性層の持つ粘着性が低下する。As described above, by covering the surface of the elastic layer with the fine particles, the adhesiveness of the elastic layer is lowered.
【0036】これは、粘着テープの表面に砂を付着させ
ると粘着性がなくなるように、上記表面構成でトナーの
付着力が抑えられるものである。This is to suppress the adhesive force of the toner with the above-mentioned surface constitution so that the adhesive property disappears when sand is adhered to the surface of the adhesive tape.
【0037】また、微小粒子の表面特性として、疎水性
シリカのように表面エネルギーが小さい粒子を用いると
トナーとの粘着性がさらに低下するためより一層の効果
を得ることができる。Further, as the surface characteristics of the fine particles, if particles having a small surface energy such as hydrophobic silica are used, the adhesiveness with the toner is further lowered, and a further effect can be obtained.
【0038】次に、各層の特性について詳しく説明す
る。中間転写ドラム基材5aは、金属(アルミニウムな
ど)の円筒型素管である。Next, the characteristics of each layer will be described in detail. The intermediate transfer drum substrate 5a is a cylindrical raw tube made of metal (such as aluminum).
【0039】弾性層5bは、感光体ベルト1と中間転写
ドラム5のニップに現像剤のキャリアが噛み込んでも感
光体ベルト1に傷が付きづらいように0.1〜3mm 程度
の厚さにしてある。The elastic layer 5b has a thickness of about 0.1 to 3 mm so that the photoreceptor belt 1 is not easily scratched even when the developer carrier is caught in the nip between the photoreceptor belt 1 and the intermediate transfer drum 5. is there.
【0040】また、材質には、ポリウレタンゴム,クロ
ロプレンゴム,ニトリルゴム,エピクロルヒドリンゴ
ム,シリコーンゴム,アクリルゴム,フッ素ゴムなどが
用いられる。このように非常に多種類の材質が選べるの
は、表面に微小粒子5c,5dを付着させることで表面
の粘着性がなくなるためである。As the material, polyurethane rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, silicone rubber, acrylic rubber, fluorine rubber, etc. are used. The reason why such a great variety of materials can be selected is that the adhesion of the fine particles 5c and 5d to the surface eliminates the tackiness of the surface.
【0041】ところで、この弾性層5bは、必ずしも単
層で形成される必要はない。例えば、ポリウレタンゴム
は、帯電器2などから発生するオゾンの影響を受けて劣
化するという特性を持つ。Incidentally, the elastic layer 5b does not necessarily have to be formed as a single layer. For example, polyurethane rubber has the property of being deteriorated under the influence of ozone generated from the charger 2.
【0042】このため、弾性層5bの材質としてウレタ
ンゴムを用いた場合は、この劣化を防ぐために、弾性層
5bを2層構造にして表面を別の材質の層(例えばフッ
素ゴムやフッ素樹脂を分散させたフッ素ゴム)で覆う構
造とした方がよい。Therefore, when urethane rubber is used as the material of the elastic layer 5b, in order to prevent this deterioration, the elastic layer 5b has a two-layer structure and the surface is made of a layer of another material (for example, fluororubber or fluororesin). It is better to have a structure covered with dispersed fluororubber).
【0043】図3は、この弾性層5bに表面を覆う中間
層5eを付加した中間転写ドラム5表面の概略断面図を
示している。この例のような弾性層5bの上層部を構成
する層は、弾性を有する材質が好ましい。FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the surface of the intermediate transfer drum 5 in which an intermediate layer 5e for covering the surface is added to the elastic layer 5b. The layer forming the upper layer portion of the elastic layer 5b as in this example is preferably made of an elastic material.
【0044】また、中間転写ドラム5の抵抗値を管理す
るために、弾性層5b内部に抵抗を調整する層(例えば
高抵抗のものでは、感光体の下地として使われるブロッ
キング層のようなものやPETなど、中抵抗のもので
は、先に述べたフッ素ゴムなどのゴム材質や半導電性プ
ラスチックを用い、弾性層5b他各層の抵抗値に応じて
材質を選ぶ)を設けてあっても構わない。Further, in order to control the resistance value of the intermediate transfer drum 5, a layer for adjusting the resistance is provided inside the elastic layer 5b (for example, in the case of a high resistance layer, a layer such as a blocking layer used as a base of the photosensitive member or For a medium resistance material such as PET, a rubber material such as the above-mentioned fluororubber or a semiconductive plastic may be used, and a material may be selected according to the resistance value of the elastic layer 5b and other layers). .
【0045】図4は、この弾性層5bの下層に絶縁層5
fを有する中間転写ドラム5表面の概略断面図を示して
いる。FIG. 4 shows that the insulating layer 5 is formed below the elastic layer 5b.
The schematic sectional drawing of the surface of the intermediate transfer drum 5 which has f is shown.
【0046】この場合、この抵抗層を弾性層5bの最下
層部に形成する構成では、必ずしも弾性を有する必要は
ないが、弾性層5bの中間部、及び上層部に形成すると
きは、弾性を必要とする。In this case, the structure in which the resistance layer is formed on the lowermost layer portion of the elastic layer 5b does not necessarily have elasticity, but when it is formed on the middle portion and the upper layer portion of the elastic layer 5b, elasticity is not formed. I need.
【0047】微小粒子5cは、平均粒径がトナーの10
分の1以下であるものを用いる。The fine particles 5c have an average particle size of 10
Use one that is less than 1 /.
【0048】本実施例では平均粒径7μmのトナーを用
いたが、これに限られるものではなく、平均粒径で3〜
20μmのトナーでも構わない。In this embodiment, a toner having an average particle size of 7 μm was used, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the average particle size is 3 to 3.
20 μm toner may be used.
【0049】この微小粒子5cの材質は、シリカ(Si
O2)やシリコーン樹脂,ポリエステル樹脂,アクリル
樹脂,フッ素樹脂などのトナーと粘着しないものを基材
としてできているが、より好ましくは、シリカの粒子表
面をメチル基やエチル基のような疎水性の官能基により
置換した疎水性シリカがトナーとの粘着性が低く好適で
ある。The material of the fine particles 5c is silica (Si
O 2 ), silicone resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, fluororesin, etc. that do not adhere to the toner are used as the base material, but more preferably the silica particle surface is hydrophobic such as methyl group or ethyl group. Hydrophobic silica substituted with the functional group of (3) is suitable because of its low adhesion to the toner.
【0050】また、トナー粒径と同等若しくはそれ以下
で、微小粒子5cより大きい粒子5dは、前述のシリカ
(SiO2)やシリコーン樹脂,ポリエステル樹脂,アク
リル樹脂,フッ素樹脂などトナーと粘着しないものを基
材としてできており、これら基材の中でもシリコーン樹
脂はその表面エネルギーが小さいことからトナーに対す
る粘着性が低く好適であった。Particles 5d having a particle size equal to or smaller than the toner particle size and larger than the fine particles 5c are the above-mentioned silica particles.
(SiO 2 ), silicone resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, fluororesin, etc. that do not adhere to the toner are used as the base material. Among these base materials, the silicone resin has a low surface energy and therefore has a low adhesiveness to the toner. It was low and suitable.
【0051】また、この大きい粒子5dの形状としては
球形であることが望ましい。これらの材質で作成された
微小粒子のうち、少なくとも1種類以上を中間転写ドラ
ム5の表面に固着させることで、トナーとの付着力を低
下させることができるが、粒径の異なる2種類の微小粒
子を用いることで、これらの微小粒子を固着させるため
の圧接力を高めることが可能となる。The large particles 5d are preferably spherical in shape. By adhering at least one or more kinds of fine particles made of these materials to the surface of the intermediate transfer drum 5, the adhesive force with the toner can be reduced, but two kinds of fine particles having different particle diameters can be used. By using particles, it is possible to increase the pressure contact force for fixing these fine particles.
【0052】具体的には、図5に示すように加圧部材1
7で微小粒子5c,5dに圧力をかけたとき、この大き
めの粒子5dの存在により微小部分にかかる応力を集中
することができ、微小粒子5cの固着力も増大するので
ある。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the pressing member 1
When pressure is applied to the fine particles 5c and 5d at 7, the presence of the larger particles 5d makes it possible to concentrate the stress applied to the fine portion, and the fixing force of the fine particles 5c also increases.
【0053】さらに、この大きめの粒子5dの形状を球
形にすることで、摺動しながら圧接を行うと、この大き
めの粒子5dがころの役割をするため、スムーズでかつ
中間転写手段の表面を傷付けることなく微小粒子5c,
5dを全面に良好な固着を行うことができるのである。Further, by making the shape of the larger particles 5d spherical, and performing the pressure contact while sliding, the larger particles 5d play the role of rollers, so that the surface of the intermediate transfer means is smooth. Fine particles 5c without scratching,
The 5d can be adhered well to the entire surface.
【0054】これら大きさの異なる2種類の微小粒子5
c,5dの配合比としては、微小粒子5cの均一で緻密
な固着によりトナーの離型性向上が図られることから、
大きめの粒子5dより小さい方の粒子5cの配合量を多
くすることが望ましい。好ましくは微小粒子5cと大き
めの粒子5dの総量に対して大きめの粒子5dの配合量
3〜50wt.%が好適であった。These two kinds of fine particles 5 having different sizes
As for the mixing ratio of c and 5d, since the fine and uniform particles 5c are adhered uniformly and densely to improve the releasability of the toner,
It is desirable to increase the blending amount of the particles 5c that are smaller than the larger particles 5d. Preferably, the compounding amount of the large particles 5d was 3 to 50 wt.% With respect to the total amount of the fine particles 5c and the large particles 5d.
【0055】ここで、中間転写ドラム5の表面に微小粒
子5c,5dを固着させる方法について簡単に説明す
る。Here, a method for fixing the fine particles 5c and 5d to the surface of the intermediate transfer drum 5 will be briefly described.
【0056】中間転写ドラム5表面に摩擦部材を当て、
その接触部分に微小粒子5c,5dを混入,速度差を与
えて摩擦させ、摩擦接触で微小粒子5c,5dを中間転
写ドラム5表面に固着させる。Apply a friction member to the surface of the intermediate transfer drum 5,
The fine particles 5c and 5d are mixed in the contact portion, and a speed difference is applied to cause friction, and the fine particles 5c and 5d are fixed to the surface of the intermediate transfer drum 5 by frictional contact.
【0057】この時、微小粒子5cよりも粒径の大きな
粒子5dを混ぜ合わせて摩擦接触させると比較的短時間
で固着が行える。At this time, if the particles 5d having a larger particle size than the fine particles 5c are mixed and brought into frictional contact with each other, the fixing can be performed in a relatively short time.
【0058】また、これらの微小粒子5c,5dは溶剤
に分散させることも可能で、溶剤の一例としてはアルコ
ール系(例えばエチルアルコール,イソプロピルアルコ
ール等),エーテル系(例えばジメチルエーテル,ジエ
チルエーテル等),ケトン系(例えばアセトン,2−ブ
タノン等),炭化水素系(例えばヘキサン,ヘプタン,
シクロヘキサン等),芳香族系(例えば、トルエン,キ
シレン等)、若しくはこれらの内少なくとも1種類以上
を用いた混合溶剤等の有機溶剤や、或いは分散剤や乳化
剤を添加した水系の溶剤等を用いることができ、これら
溶剤に微小粒子5c,5dを分散させたものを転写ドラ
ム5の表面にスプレー等により塗布した後、摩擦接触し
て固着させることもできる。The fine particles 5c and 5d may be dispersed in a solvent. Examples of the solvent include alcohols (eg ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol etc.), ethers (eg dimethyl ether, diethyl ether etc.), Ketones (eg acetone, 2-butanone, etc.), hydrocarbons (eg hexane, heptane,
Cyclohexane, etc.), aromatics (eg, toluene, xylene, etc.), or organic solvents such as mixed solvents using at least one of these, or water-based solvents to which a dispersant or emulsifier is added It is also possible to apply fine particles 5c and 5d dispersed in these solvents to the surface of the transfer drum 5 by spraying or the like, and then frictionally contact and fix them.
【0059】この様にして固着された微小粒子5c,5
dは、比較的強固に中間転写ドラム5にくっつくため、
アルコール等の溶剤で布拭きしてもほとんど取れず、中
間転写ドラム5の清掃再利用が可能である。The fine particles 5c, 5 fixed in this way
Since d sticks to the intermediate transfer drum 5 relatively firmly,
Almost no matter if it is wiped with a solvent such as alcohol, the intermediate transfer drum 5 can be reused for cleaning.
【0060】上記の例は、中間転写手段がドラム形状の
装置についての構成であったが、中間転写手段がベルト
形状のものであっても上記例のように、表面に微小粒子
を固着させることで良好な特性を得られることは明白で
ある。In the above example, the intermediate transfer means is a drum-shaped device. However, even if the intermediate transfer means is belt-shaped, fine particles can be fixed to the surface as in the above example. It is obvious that good characteristics can be obtained with.
【0061】上記のように表面に微小粒子を固着させる
方式は、中間転写ドラム5のみならず、トナーとの接触
し弾性を必要とする部材に適用しても効果があった。The method of fixing fine particles to the surface as described above is effective not only when applied to the intermediate transfer drum 5 but also to a member which comes into contact with toner and requires elasticity.
【0062】例えば転写ローラや、転写ベルトの表面に
本実施例のような表面処理を行ったところ、ローラやベ
ルトのトナー汚れが少なくなると共に、それらの部材の
クリーニングも容易になった。For example, when the surface of the transfer roller or the transfer belt is subjected to the surface treatment as in the present embodiment, the contamination of the toner on the roller or the belt is reduced and the cleaning of those members is facilitated.
【0063】また、熱に対して安定な微小粒子を定着ロ
ーラの表面に固着させることで、オフセットを減らす効
果もあった。Further, by fixing fine particles which are stable against heat to the surface of the fixing roller, there was also an effect of reducing the offset.
【0064】この様な用途は、本実施例の中間転写方式
の画像形成装置のみならず、他方式の画像形成装置にも
適用可能な例である。Such an application is an example applicable not only to the intermediate transfer type image forming apparatus of this embodiment, but also to other type image forming apparatuses.
【0065】以下に上記のように構成された電子写真装
置の動作について説明する。The operation of the electrophotographic apparatus configured as above will be described below.
【0066】まず、コンピュータからのプリント指令が
コントローラに入力されると、感光体ベルト1が動き始
め、帯電器2によって帯電された感光体ベルト1上に露
光手段3から露光され、潜像が形成される。この潜像
は、まず現像手段4aによって現像される。First, when a print command from the computer is input to the controller, the photosensitive belt 1 starts to move, and the photosensitive belt 1 charged by the charger 2 is exposed by the exposing means 3 to form a latent image. To be done. This latent image is first developed by the developing means 4a.
【0067】現像されたトナー画像は、中間転写ドラム
5上に転写される。次に再び感光体ベルト1は帯電,露
光され、今度は現像手段4bにより現像が行われる。The developed toner image is transferred onto the intermediate transfer drum 5. Next, the photosensitive belt 1 is charged and exposed again, and this time, development is performed by the developing means 4b.
【0068】そして現像されたトナー画像は中間転写ド
ラム5上に先の画像に重ねて転写される。Then, the developed toner image is transferred onto the intermediate transfer drum 5 so as to be superimposed on the previous image.
【0069】この工程を以後現像手段4c,4dと繰り
返して行い、中間転写ドラム5上に複数色のトナー画像
を形成する。中間転写ドラム5上に形成されたトナー画
像は、転写前帯電器9で電位を揃え、ピックアップロー
ラ12によって用紙カセット11から引き出された記録
媒体10に転写ローラ14によって一度に転写される。This process is repeated thereafter with the developing means 4c and 4d to form toner images of a plurality of colors on the intermediate transfer drum 5. The toner images formed on the intermediate transfer drum 5 are made uniform in potential by the pre-transfer charger 9, and are transferred at once by the transfer roller 14 to the recording medium 10 pulled out from the paper cassette 11 by the pickup roller 12.
【0070】そして除電器15により記録媒体10が除
電,剥離され、定着装置16に送られて定着される。Then, the recording medium 10 is discharged and stripped by the static eliminator 15 and sent to the fixing device 16 to be fixed.
【0071】この時、先に詳しく説明した表面に微粒子
5c,5dを固着した中間転写ドラム5を用いたとこ
ろ、中間転写ドラム5表面が弾性を持つため、感光体ベ
ルト1とのニップに現像剤のキャリア等の異物が噛み込
んでも感光体ベルト1は傷つかず、感光体ベルト1の寿
命は通紙1000枚程度で劣化していたものが、2万枚
まで画質に問題なく印字が行えるレベルになった。At this time, when the intermediate transfer drum 5 having the fine particles 5c and 5d fixed to the surface, which has been described in detail above, is used, the surface of the intermediate transfer drum 5 has elasticity, and therefore the developer is formed in the nip with the photosensitive belt 1. The photoreceptor belt 1 is not damaged even when foreign matter such as the carrier is bitten in, and the life of the photoreceptor belt 1 deteriorated after about 1000 sheets of paper passed, but up to 20,000 sheets it is possible to print without any problem in image quality. became.
【0072】また、中間転写ドラム5表面とトナーとの
付着力が低下したため、中間転写ドラム5から記録媒体
10への転写効率が、最高で5%も上がり、画像濃度向
上に大きな効果があった。Further, since the adhesive force between the surface of the intermediate transfer drum 5 and the toner is lowered, the transfer efficiency from the intermediate transfer drum 5 to the recording medium 10 is increased by up to 5%, which is a great effect for improving the image density. .
【0073】また文字・細線の中抜けが、目視でほとん
どわからないレベルにまでなくなり、画質向上に大きく
寄与した。また、記録媒体10にトナーを転写後、中間
転写ドラム5上に残留したトナーは、転写効率が上がっ
たことによってそれ自身量が少なくなったことに加え
て、クリーナ8でのクリーニング効率も向上し、次の画
像への汚れがほとんどなくなった。Further, voids in characters and thin lines were reduced to a level where they were barely visible to the naked eye, which greatly contributed to the improvement of image quality. Further, after the toner is transferred onto the recording medium 10, the amount of the toner remaining on the intermediate transfer drum 5 is reduced due to the increased transfer efficiency, and the cleaning efficiency of the cleaner 8 is also improved. , The stain on the next image is almost gone.
【0074】この様に、本発明を用いることで、高画
質,低メンテナンス性の画像形成装置が実現された。As described above, by using the present invention, an image forming apparatus with high image quality and low maintenance is realized.
【0075】[0075]
【発明の効果】本発明のように、中間転写手段が弾性層
を設け、中間転写手段表面に粒径がトナー粒径の10分
の1以下である微小粒子と、粒径がトナー粒径と同等若
しくはそれ以下で前記微小粒子より大きめの粒子を固着
させることで、感光体と中間転写手段のニップへの現像
剤キャリアの噛み込みによる感光体の劣化を防ぎ、かつ
トナーの中間転写手段への粘着もなくなる。As in the present invention, the intermediate transfer means is provided with the elastic layer, and the surface of the intermediate transfer means has fine particles having a particle diameter of 1/10 or less of the toner particle diameter, and the particle diameter is the toner particle diameter. By fixing particles that are equal to or smaller than the above-mentioned fine particles and are smaller than the fine particles, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the photoconductor due to the developer carrier being caught in the nip between the photoconductor and the intermediate transfer unit, and to prevent the toner from being transferred to the intermediate transfer unit. The stickiness also disappears.
【0076】また、これら微小粒子の中間転写手段に対
する固着性も均一で緻密になる。Further, the adherence of these fine particles to the intermediate transfer means becomes uniform and dense.
【0077】それによって、感光体が長寿命になると共
に記録媒体へのトナーの高効率転写が実現されると共に
画像の均一性が高く、中抜け及び中間転写手段のクリー
ニング不良による画像欠陥・汚れのない高品質な画像の
形成される画像形成装置が得られた。As a result, the photoconductor has a long life, high-efficiency transfer of toner to the recording medium is realized, image uniformity is high, and image defects and stains due to hollow defects and poor cleaning of the intermediate transfer unit are caused. An image forming apparatus in which a high-quality image having no quality is formed is obtained.
【図1】本発明の実施例である画像形成装置の概略断面
図。FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an image forming apparatus that is an embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】中間転写ドラム表面構造を説明する図。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a surface structure of an intermediate transfer drum.
【図3】中間転写ドラム表面構造の他の実施例を説明す
る図。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating another embodiment of the surface structure of the intermediate transfer drum.
【図4】中間転写ドラム表面構造の他の実施例を説明す
る図。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating another embodiment of the surface structure of the intermediate transfer drum.
【図5】中間転写ドラム表面に微小粒子を固着する方法
を説明する図。FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a method of fixing fine particles to the surface of an intermediate transfer drum.
1…感光体ベルト、2…帯電器、3…露光手段、4a,
4b,4c,4d…現像手段、5…中間転写ドラム、5
a…中間転写ドラム基材、5b…弾性層、5c,5d…
微小粒子、5e…中間層、5f…絶縁層、6…イレーズ
ランプ、7…感光体クリーナ、8…クリーナ、9…転写
前帯電器、10…記録媒体、11…用紙カセット、12
…ピックアップローラ、13…レジストローラ、14…
転写ローラ、15…除電器、16…定着装置、17…加
圧部材。1 ... Photosensitive belt, 2 ... Charging device, 3 ... Exposure means, 4a,
4b, 4c, 4d ... Developing means, 5 ... Intermediate transfer drum, 5
a ... Intermediate transfer drum substrate, 5b ... Elastic layer, 5c, 5d ...
Fine particles, 5e ... Intermediate layer, 5f ... Insulating layer, 6 ... Erase lamp, 7 ... Photoconductor cleaner, 8 ... Cleaner, 9 ... Pre-transfer charger, 10 ... Recording medium, 11 ... Paper cassette, 12
... Pickup roller, 13 ... Registration roller, 14 ...
Transfer roller, 15 ... Static eliminator, 16 ... Fixing device, 17 ... Pressure member.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 山本 雅志 茨城県日立市大みか町七丁目1番1号 株 式会社日立製作所日立研究所内 (72)発明者 石川 鉄雄 茨城県日立市東多賀町一丁目1番1号 株 式会社日立製作所電化機器事業部多賀本部 内 (72)発明者 小野寺 浩幸 茨城県日立市東多賀町一丁目1番1号 株 式会社日立製作所電化機器事業部多賀本部 内 (72)発明者 中野 雅弘 茨城県日立市東多賀町一丁目1番1号 株 式会社日立製作所電化機器事業部多賀本部 内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Masashi Yamamoto, Inventor Masashi Yamamoto, 1-1-1, Omika-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Hitachi Ltd. (72) Inventor, Tetsuo Ishikawa 1-chome, Higashitaga-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture No. 1 Company, Hitachi Ltd., Electrical Appliances Division, Taga Headquarters (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Onodera 1-1, Higashitaga-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Ltd. Hitachi Ltd., Electrical Appliances Division, Taga Headquarters (72) Invention Person Masahiro Nakano 1-1-1, Higashitaga-cho, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki, Ltd. Inside the Taga Headquarters, Electric Equipment Division, Hitachi, Ltd.
Claims (7)
写し、前記中間転写手段上のトナー画像を記録媒体に転
写して画像を形成する画像形成装置において、 前記中間転写手段が弾性層を有すると共に、前記中間転
写手段表面に粒径がトナー粒径の10分の1以下である
微小粒子と、粒径がトナー粒径と同等もしくはそれ以下
でかつ前記微小粒子より大きい粒子との少なくとも2種
類以上の粒径の異なる微小粒子を固着させることを特徴
とする画像形成装置。1. An image forming apparatus for transferring a toner image on a photoconductor to an intermediate transfer means and transferring the toner image on the intermediate transfer means to a recording medium to form an image, wherein the intermediate transfer means is an elastic layer. And at least particles having a particle size equal to or less than 1/10 of the toner particle size on the surface of the intermediate transfer means, and particles having a particle size equal to or smaller than the toner particle size and larger than the particle size. An image forming apparatus characterized in that two or more kinds of fine particles having different particle sizes are fixed.
が2層以上形成されていることを特徴とする画像形成装
置。2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein two or more elastic layers are formed.
て、粒径の異なる2種類の微小粒子がシリカ(Si
O2)、またはシリコーン樹脂、またはポリエステル樹
脂、またはアクリル樹脂、またはフッ素樹脂を基材とす
る粒子であり、それらのうち少なくとも1種類以上を中
間転写手段表面に固着させることを特徴とする画像形成
装置。3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the two kinds of fine particles having different particle diameters are silica (Si
O 2 ), a silicone resin, a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, or a fluororesin as a base material, and at least one kind of them is fixed to the surface of the intermediate transfer means. apparatus.
て、粒径の異なる2種類以上の微小粒子の内、少なくと
も1種類はシリカ(SiO2)を基材とする粒子であり、
かつそのシリカは粒子表面を疎水性官能基で置換した疎
水性シリカであることを特徴とする画像形成装置。4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the two or more kinds of fine particles having different particle sizes is a particle having silica (SiO 2 ) as a base material,
Further, the image forming apparatus is characterized in that the silica is a hydrophobic silica in which the particle surface is substituted with a hydrophobic functional group.
て、粒径の異なる2種類以上の微小粒子の内、少なくと
も粒径が大きい方の微小粒子はシリコーン樹脂を基材と
する粒子であることを特徴とする画像形成装置。5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, of the two or more kinds of fine particles having different particle diameters, at least the larger particle diameter is a particle having a silicone resin as a base material. An image forming apparatus characterized by.
て、固着する粒径の異なる2種類以上の微小粒子のう
ち、少なくとも粒径が大きい方の微小粒子はその形状が
球形に近い形状であることを特徴とする画像形成装置。6. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein among the two or more kinds of fine particles having different particle sizes that are fixed, at least the larger particle has a shape close to a sphere. An image forming apparatus characterized by the above.
て、弾性層若しくは弾性層最表面層部がフッ素ゴム、ま
たはフッ素樹脂を分散させたフッ素ゴムであることを特
徴とする画像形成装置。7. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the elastic layer or the outermost surface layer of the elastic layer is made of fluororubber or fluororubber in which fluororesin is dispersed.
Priority Applications (1)
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JP08790396A JP3327111B2 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 1996-04-10 | Image forming device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP08790396A JP3327111B2 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 1996-04-10 | Image forming device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH09281813A true JPH09281813A (en) | 1997-10-31 |
JP3327111B2 JP3327111B2 (en) | 2002-09-24 |
Family
ID=13927867
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JP2009258254A (en) * | 2008-04-15 | 2009-11-05 | Kyocera Mita Corp | Image forming apparatus |
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