JPH09279463A - Nonwoven fabric and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a nonwoven fabric not losing the characteristic touch and luster of silk and not leaving dangerous foreign matter such an needle tips in the product. SOLUTION: This nonwoven fabric is obtained by moving a web consisting mainly of silk fibers in the longitudinal direction and simultaneously punching the web with high pressure water jetted from many nozzles arranged in the lateral direction. The web comprises 50% of the silk fibers and the remaining amount of regenerated fibers or synthetic fibers having a fineness of 0.2-1.0 denier. The fibers containing the silk fibers have lengths of 20-65mm, and the whole basis weight of the fabric is 20-100g/m<2> . Longitudinal creases generated by the irregularity of the fiber density of the fabric due to the entanglement of the fibers on the punching treatment are formed in response to the arrangement density of the nozzles.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a nonwoven fabric made of silk fiber and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a nonwoven fabric made of silk fibers, a needling nonwoven fabric obtained by needling a web made of silk staple and the above web are mixed with a low melting point synthetic resin powder or synthetic fibers in advance and heated. A fused non-woven fabric obtained by adhering fiber intersections is known, and is used as absorbent cotton, gauze, cosmetic puff, makeup remover, and the like.

However, while a needling nonwoven fabric can be obtained from a nonwoven fabric made of 100% silk fiber, the basis weight is 100%.
Only relatively thick g / m ² or more can be obtained, the fiber direction is random, there are many fluffs, and needle holes remain in the product due to needling, so the texture and luster peculiar to silk disappears. Also, there was a problem that small pieces of broken needles remained on the product during needling. In addition, since the fused non-woven fabric is used by mixing the silk fiber with the low melting point synthetic resin powder or synthetic fiber, there is a problem that the texture becomes hard and the luster disappears.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a non-woven fabric which does not lose the texture and luster peculiar to silk, and has no needle tip or other dangerous foreign matter in the product, and a method for producing the same. .

[0005]

The non-woven fabric according to the present invention is obtained by punching with a high-pressure water ejected from a large number of nozzles arranged in the width direction while running a web mainly composed of silk fibers in the length direction. It is a non-woven fabric, and 50% or more of the fibers constituting the web are silk fibers and the remaining amount is 0.2 to 1.0 in fineness.
Denier recycled fibers or synthetic fibers, including silk fibers, having a fiber length of 20 to 65 mm and a total basis weight of 20 to
100 g / m ² , the lengthwise streaks due to the densification of the fiber density due to the entanglement of the fibers at the time of punching were formed corresponding to the array density of the nozzles, and the strength in the lengthwise direction was greater than the strength in the widthwise direction. Is also large.

Further, in the invention relating to the method for producing a non-woven fabric, 50% or more of the total amount is a silk fiber having a fiber length of 20 to 65 mm,
The remaining amount is 0.2 to 1 denier and the fiber length is 20 to 65 mm
20-100 weight per unit area of recycled fiber or synthetic fiber
While running a web of g / m ² at a speed of 10 to 40 m / min, 5 to 20 pieces / cm in the width direction with respect to one side of the web.
Pressure from nozzles in multiple rows with multiple densities
-150 kg / cm ² of high-pressure water is sprayed, and then high-pressure water is similarly sprayed on the opposite surface to entangle the above-mentioned fibers with each other. Are formed corresponding to the arrangement density of the nozzles, and then calendering is performed.

The nonwoven fabric of the present invention is mainly composed of silk fiber,
As fibers other than silk fibers, recycled fibers such as rayon and polynosic fibers and synthetic fibers such as polyester and acrylic can be mixed and used, but the content of silk fibers must be at least 50%, and the most preferable is silk. Fiber 10
It is 0% used. When the content of the silk fiber is less than 50%, the soft texture and luster peculiar to the silk fiber are lost. However, the fineness of fibers other than silk fibers is 0.
2 to 1.0 denier is required, and if it is less than 0.2 denier, the strength as a fiber is insufficient and it becomes difficult to handle, while if it exceeds 1.0 denier, the texture becomes hard. Also,
The fiber length is 20 to 6 for both silk fibers and non-silk fibers.
If it is less than 5 mm and less than 20 mm, the entanglement becomes insufficient and the strength of the nonwoven fabric becomes insufficient. On the contrary, if it exceeds 65 mm, problems such as winding around the manufacturing process increase and the entanglement becomes insufficient.

As a raw material of the silk fiber, an auxiliary silkworm used in silk spinning, for example, husk cocoons produced in the sericulture industry,
Although it is possible to use lint cocoons and yarn-removing waste generated from the silk-milling industry, the tow-shaped yarn-recycling waste is obtained by reeling the raw silk from the boiled cocoon during spinning. Cut into long pieces, remove the resulting cotton with a card,
A web obtained by drafting, refining, card opening, or wild silkworm is subjected to primary refining, washing, drying, and wrapping on a silk opening machine to form a wrap, and the wrap is cut, and the obtained cotton is carded as described above. It is preferable to use a web obtained by removing dust from the material, performing drafting, refining, and opening the card.

The non-woven fabric of the present invention is a non-woven fabric obtained by punching the above web with high-pressure water ejected from a large number of nozzles arranged in the width direction while running in the length direction, a so-called water-punched non-woven fabric. The amount is 20-100
g / m ² . If the basis weight is less than 20 g / m ² , the strength of the nonwoven fabric is insufficient, and conversely 100 g / m ^2.
When it exceeds m ² , the entanglement becomes insufficient, the fluff on the surface of the nonwoven fabric increases, and the texture and luster of silk are lost.

When the above web is punched with high pressure water, the traveling speed of the web is set to 10 to 40 m / min. If the traveling speed is less than 10 m / min, the productivity will be low and the cost will be high. On the contrary, if the traveling speed is more than 40 m / min, the entanglement will be insufficient and a nonwoven fabric having the desired strength cannot be obtained. Moreover, the pressure of the high-pressure water ejected from the above nozzle is 20 to 150 kg.
/ Cm ^2, the pressure fibers is not sufficiently entangled is less than 20 kg / cm ^2, therefore the strength of the nonwoven fabric is insufficient, and when it exceeds 150 kg / cm ² in the opposite, fibers are damaged by water flow nonwoven The strength is insufficient, and the nonwoven fabric becomes perforated.

The array density of the nozzles is 5 to 20 nozzles / cm.
If the density is less than 5 pieces / cm, the entanglement becomes insufficient to obtain a desired strength, and if it exceeds 20 pieces / cm, it becomes difficult to manufacture the nozzle. In addition, the hole diameter of the nozzle is
0.1 to 0.2 mm is preferable, and if it is less than 0.1 mm, the entanglement points of the fibers are small and the strength becomes insufficient. If it exceeds 0.2 mm, the fibers are damaged or the nonwoven fabric becomes perforated.

Since the web is continuously punched with the high-pressure water while traveling at a predetermined speed, the fiber ends existing in the punched portion of the high-pressure water are entangled with the fibers between the punched portions and fluffed. It Therefore, in the non-woven fabric of the present invention, the lengthwise streaks due to the density of the fiber density are formed corresponding to the nozzle array density, so that the gloss becomes good and the lengthwise strength becomes the widthwise strength. Will be larger than. The strength in the lengthwise direction is preferably 0.3 kg / cm or more per unit width, and the strength in the widthwise direction is preferably 0.06 kg / cm ² or more.

The punching process using high-pressure water according to the present invention is preferably performed continuously with the fiber-opening process using a card machine from the viewpoint of reducing the number of steps. In this case, the punching process with high pressure water
Since the process is performed at a higher speed than the needle punching process, static electricity is easily generated in the fiber opening process, which becomes an obstacle. Therefore, in the case where the opening process and the punching process are performed continuously, when opening a fiber lump (sliver chip) made of refining fried silk fiber having a fiber length of 20 to 65 mm with a card machine,
The above fiber mass is conditioned to a moisture content higher than the official moisture content, preferably 15 to 20%, and then a relative humidity of 80 to 98%.
It is preferable to open with a card machine under high humidity.
If the moisture content is less than 15% or the humidity is less than 80%, the web delivery speed is 10 m.
If it exceeds / min, static electricity will cause a failure and operation will be disabled. However, if the moisture content during humidity control exceeds 20% and the humidity exceeds 98%, partial condensation may occur on the machine equipment, causing rust on the machine part and mold on the silk material. Become.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Embodiment 1 A thread-making waste, which is obtained by collecting cocoons by bobbing and reeling the raw silk, and cutting the non-uniform thickness portions in a tow shape, is cut into a length of 30 to 80 mm,
The cut cotton thus obtained is placed on a feed lattice and conveyed, and water is sprayed with a sprayer to adjust the water content to 15 to 20%, and the water is passed through two flat cards in order under an atmosphere of 80 to 98% humidity. Short fibers and foreign substances are removed, the obtained web is bundled into a sliver, and this sliver is cut off with an attenuator at a gripping interval of 50 to 100 mm to form a sliver chip. To remove residual sericin. However, refining is performed by packing a small amount of the above-mentioned sliver chips, for example, 1 to 5 kg in a net bag, in order to prevent a large number of sliver chips from becoming one lump during refining.

The sliver chips after the refining are dried and taken out from the bag, and while being run side by side on the feed lattice, the moisture content is adjusted to 15 to 20% by spraying, and the humidity is set to 80 to 98% under an atmosphere. It is supplied to a card machine for fiber opening, the fiber directions are aligned to form a web, and a plurality of sheets are stacked as necessary to adjust the basis weight to 20 to 100 g / m ² .

The web of a predetermined basis weight sent out from the above card machine is carried on a feed lattice and then transferred to a net conveyor or a perforated drum of a water jet punching machine, and a large number of nozzles arranged in the width direction. Punched from the front side of the web with high-pressure water having a pressure of 20 to 150 kg / cm ² jetted from the front side, then turned over and transferred to the net conveyor or perforated drum of the second water-flow punching machine. It is punched in the same manner, and the fibers of the web are strongly entangled by a total of two punches from the front surface side and the back surface side.

In this case, the web is entangled with the water current punch while running in the lengthwise direction, whereby a linear pattern in the lengthwise direction based on the difference in density of the fibers is formed at a fine pitch corresponding to the arrangement pitch of the nozzles. The fluff is laid down, and as a result, a silk non-woven fabric having a strength in the length direction of 0.3 to 0.6 kg / cm and a strength in the width direction of 0.06 to 0.12 kg / cm is obtained. Then, the obtained silk non-woven fabric is finished with a calendar (temperature 100 to 160 ° C., linear pressure 5 to 18 kg / cm), and dyed if necessary.

The above-mentioned silk nonwoven fabric can be cut into a desired size and processed into cosmetic miscellaneous goods such as puffs, makeup removers, and tissue papers. For example, when processing into makeup remover, the above-mentioned silk non-woven fabric is layered on both upper and lower sides of rayon non-woven fabric and bonded by needling. Can be stacked in order and combined by needling. In addition, the above-mentioned silk non-woven fabric is laminated on both upper and lower sides of an adhesive interlining made of a low-melting synthetic fiber non-woven fabric, and these three non-woven fabrics are fused at various points in an arbitrary stitch pattern such as a square or a rhombus. It is possible to combine them and attach hem around them to make baby bedspreads, sheets, drapes, etc. Further, the above-mentioned silk non-woven fabric can be slit into a ribbon shape having a width of 5 to 20 mm and used as a flat cord as it is, or can be twisted to form a circular cord, which can be used for handicraft or knitting.

Embodiment 2 When the dried sliver chips after refining are supplied to the opening card of Embodiment 1, less than 1/2 weight thereof is stapled with recycled fiber or polyester (fineness 0.2 to 1 denier, fiber length). 20-65 mm), except that the nonwoven fabric mainly composed of silk fibers is manufactured in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

Embodiment 3 A cocoon of wild silkworms is first smelted and washed, and then a dried cocoon is placed on an open silk machine, and the fibers scratched out from a large number of dry cocoons are wound around a cylinder of the open silk machine and a predetermined amount is wound up. After that, it is cut in the width direction and peeled off, and the obtained wrap is parallel to the width direction for 30 to 8
It cuts at intervals of 0 mm to obtain rod-shaped cotton wool. Hereinafter, the above cotton is fed while being conveyed in the same manner as the cotton of the first embodiment,
Pass through two flat cards in sequence (however, in the first one, feed the lengthwise direction of the rod-shaped cotton in the width direction of the card) to remove dust, and cut the resulting sliver with an attenuator. The obtained sliver chips are put into a net bag, refined, dried, adjusted to have a moisture content, made into a web with an opening card, and subsequently made into a silk non-woven fabric with a water-flow punching machine.
The obtained silk non-woven fabric is processed into cosmetic miscellaneous goods such as puffs, makeup removers, tissue papers, baby bedspreads, sheets, drapes, ribbon-shaped flat cords, and round cords as described above.

Embodiment 4 When the dried sliver chips after refining are supplied to the opening card of Embodiment 3, less than 1/2 weight thereof is stapled with recycled fiber or polyester (fineness 0.2 to 1 denier, fiber length). 20-65 mm), except that the nonwoven fabric mainly composed of silk fibers is manufactured in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

[0022]

[Examples] In the method of Embodiment 1, the cotton wool obtained by boiling and spinning the cocoons and collecting the tow-shaped portions of both ends of the raw silk with non-uniform thickness was cut to a length of 51 mm. The moisture content was adjusted to 18% while conveying, and the sliver was passed through two flat cards in order under an atmosphere of 85% humidity, and the resulting sliver was cut off with an attenuator (holding interval 70 mm) to obtain a sliver chip. . The sliver chips were mostly composed of fibers with a length of 20-65 mm. Next, about 2 kg of the above sliver chips are packed in a net bag, and enzyme refined, washed and dried. After that, the moisture content of the dried sliver chips is adjusted to about 18%, and the dried sliver chips are supplied to a flat card for opening under an atmosphere of 85% humidity, and the basis weight is 30 g /
A web of m ² is produced, and the web is placed on a feed lattice and conveyed at a speed of 15 m / min. The web is placed on a net conveyor of a water-jet punching machine (product name “JETLACE” manufactured by Pervojet Co., Ltd.), and the width direction Punching from the front side of the web with high-pressure water with a pressure of 100 kg / cm ² jetted from a large number of nozzles (hole diameter 0.12 mm, pitch 0.83 mm, number of rows 3 rows), then turn over the front and back and turn Place it on the net conveyor of the second water punching machine, punch as in the above, and calender (temperature 100 ° C, line pressure 7
(Kg / cm) finish, lengthwise stripe pattern is about 13 / cm
With a pitch of 0.3 to 0.6 kg / in the length direction
A non-woven silk fabric having a cm and a strength in the width direction of 0.06 to 0.12 kg / cm was obtained.

[0023]

Since the non-woven fabric according to claim 1 is a water punched non-woven fabric mainly composed of silk fibers, the luster and soft texture of the silk fibers are utilized as compared with the conventional needle punched non-woven fabric and the fused non-woven fabric. It is suitable for cosmetic miscellaneous goods and bedding for babies, and can be used as a ribbon yarn for handicrafts and knitting by slitting into a ribbon shape, and can be manufactured at a relatively low cost. Further, the invention according to claim 2 is a water-punched non-woven fabric using only silk fibers, so that the gloss and texture of the silk fibers can be utilized more effectively, and the gloss and the cosmetic miscellaneous goods with a soft texture are more effective. Baby bedding and the like can be obtained.

According to the invention of claim 3, claim 1
The non-woven fabric described above is produced and is excellent in productivity.
According to the invention described in claim 4, the nonwoven fabric described in claim 2 is efficiently manufactured. Further, the invention according to claim 5 is a method in which punching is continuously performed in the opening step by a card machine, and further, the moisture content of the fiber mass supplied to the opening step is adjusted to be higher than the official moisture content, Since the atmosphere of the opening process is set to a high humidity of 80% or more, the productivity is further improved.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A non-woven fabric obtained by punching with a high-pressure water ejected from a large number of nozzles arranged in the width direction while running a web mainly composed of silk fibers in the length direction. 50% or more of silk fiber, the remaining amount of fineness is 0.
Regenerated fibers or synthetic fibers having a denier of ² to 1.0, the fiber length of these fibers including silk fibers is 20 to 65 mm, the total basis weight is 20 to 100 g / m ² , and the entanglement of fibers at the time of punching. The non-woven fabric is characterized in that streaks in the length direction due to the density of the fiber density are formed corresponding to the nozzle array density, and the strength in the length direction is greater than the strength in the width direction. 2. A non-woven fabric obtained by punching with a high-pressure water ejected from a large number of nozzles arranged in the width direction while running a web made of silk fibers in the length direction, and the fiber length of the silk fiber is 20 to 65 mm, total weight is 20 to 100 g / m ²
That is, due to the entanglement of staples at the time of punching, streaks in the length direction due to the density of the fiber density are formed corresponding to the array density of the nozzles, and the strength in the length direction is greater than the strength in the width direction. Characteristic non-woven fabric. 3. A fiber length of 20 to 65 mm accounts for 50% or more of the total amount.
Silk fiber, remaining fineness 0.2 to 1 denier, fiber length 2
A basis weight of 0 to 65 mm of recycled or synthetic fiber 2
While running a web of 0 to 100 g / m ² at a speed of 10 to 40 m / min, the web width of 5 to 5 is applied to one side of the web.
High-pressure water having a pressure of 20 to 150 kg / cm ² is jetted from a plurality of nozzles arranged in a row with a density of 20 pieces / cm 2 and a plurality of rows of nozzles, and then high-pressure water is similarly jetted to the opposite surface to entangle the above fibers with each other. A method for producing a non-woven fabric, characterized in that the entanglement is performed, and by this entanglement, streaks in the length direction due to the density of the fiber density are formed corresponding to the arrangement density of the nozzles, and then calendering is performed. 4. A web made of silk fiber having a fiber length of 20 to 65 mm and having a basis weight of 20 to 100 g / m ² is run at a speed of 10 to 40 m / min while the width of the web is 5 to 20 in the width direction. High-pressure water with a pressure of 20 to 150 kg / cm ² is jetted from a large number of nozzles arranged in a row with a density of individual pieces / cm and multiple rows of nozzles.
Next, high-pressure water is similarly sprayed on the opposite surface to entangle the above fibers with each other, and by this entanglement, lengthwise streaks due to the density of the fibers are formed corresponding to the array density of the nozzles. A method for producing a non-woven fabric, which comprises calendering after that. 5. When opening a fiber mass made of refined and fried silk fiber having a fiber length of 20 to 65 mm, the fiber mass is conditioned to a moisture content higher than the official moisture content, and then a relative humidity of 80 to 98. % Under a high humidity, and the entanglement by the high-pressure water jet according to claim 3 or 4 is carried out continuously to the card machine treatment.