JPH09276608A - Gravity filtration apparatus - Google Patents
Gravity filtration apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09276608A JPH09276608A JP8091101A JP9110196A JPH09276608A JP H09276608 A JPH09276608 A JP H09276608A JP 8091101 A JP8091101 A JP 8091101A JP 9110196 A JP9110196 A JP 9110196A JP H09276608 A JPH09276608 A JP H09276608A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- chamber
- filtration
- drainage
- filter medium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、重力式濾過装置に
関し、更に詳しくは、洗浄行程への移行時に濾材層の上
端の少し上まで原水の水位を下げるときに濾材が流出す
るのを完全に防止できる重力式濾過装置に関する。特
に、産業廃水，空調やプール等の循環水，下水などの汚
れ成分の除去、湖水や沼水のプランクトン除去、上水や
工業用水などの濾過処理に有用である。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gravity type filtration device, and more particularly, to completely prevent the filter medium from flowing out when the water level of the raw water is lowered to just above the upper end of the filter medium layer during the transition to the washing step. The present invention relates to a gravity type filtration device that can be prevented. In particular, it is useful for removing industrial wastewater, circulating water such as air conditioners and pools, and contaminants such as sewage, removing plankton of lake water and swamp water, and filtering treatment of tap water and industrial water.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】重力式濾過装置では、洗浄時の濾材への
空気吹込みの際に濾材が流出してしまうのを防止するた
め、濾材層の上端の少し上まで原水の水位を下げてから
空気吹込みを行っている。このような重力式濾過装置の
従来例としては、特開平２−１０７３０３号公報や特公
平５−２３２０１号公報に記載の濾過装置が知られてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art In a gravity type filter device, in order to prevent the filter medium from flowing out when the air is blown into the filter medium during washing, the water level of the raw water is lowered to just above the upper end of the filter medium layer. Air is being blown. As a conventional example of such a gravity type filtration device, the filtration devices described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-107303 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-23201 are known.
【０００３】図１３に、上記公報に記載の濾過装置の要
部を示す。この濾過装置５００において、１は濾過池、
１ａは原水排水室、９は濾過室、１０は排水トラフ、１
１は濾材層、１３は集水室、５５は浄水渠、５６は連通
管、５６ａは連通孔、５７は筒体、２１は浄水流出堰、
２２は浄水貯留渠である。また、５０は捨水サイフォ
ン、６０は洗浄用空気導入管である。また、５１は開閉
弁、５２は排水サイフォン破壊弁、５８は空気供給弁、
５９はサイフォンブレーカ弁、６１は洗浄用空気導入弁
である。FIG. 13 shows a main part of the filtration device described in the above publication. In this filtration device 500, 1 is a filtration pond,
1a is a raw water drainage chamber, 9 is a filtration chamber, 10 is a drainage trough, 1
1 is a filter medium layer, 13 is a water collecting chamber, 55 is a clean water ditch, 56 is a communication pipe, 56a is a communication hole, 57 is a cylinder, 21 is a clean water outflow weir,
22 is a clean water storage culvert. Further, 50 is a waste water siphon, and 60 is a cleaning air introduction pipe. Further, 51 is an opening / closing valve, 52 is a drainage siphon breaking valve, 58 is an air supply valve,
Reference numeral 59 is a siphon breaker valve, and 61 is a cleaning air introduction valve.
【０００４】逆洗行程への移行時には、捨水サイフォン
５０によって濾過室９の原水を原水排水室１ａへ捨水
し、濾過室９の水位を濾材層１１の上端の少し上まで下
げておく。逆洗行程では、洗浄用空気導入管６０および
集水室１３を通じて洗浄用空気を濾過室９に導入し、濾
材層１１をバブリングする。このバブリングにより濾材
層１１の汚れが濾材から剥離する。この後、洗浄用空気
の導入を止め、浄水渠５５に溜まっていた浄水を連通管
５６および集水室１３を通じて濾過室９に供給する。濾
過室９に入った水は排水トラフ１０から原水排水室１ａ
へ流れ出すが、このとき前記濾材から剥離した汚れも流
出する。従って、濾材層１１の汚れが除去される。な
お、原水排水室１ａへ流出した汚れた水は、図示せぬ排
水渠へ廃棄される。At the time of shifting to the backwashing process, the raw water in the filtration chamber 9 is drained to the raw water drainage chamber 1a by the drainage siphon 50, and the water level in the filtration chamber 9 is lowered to just above the upper end of the filter medium layer 11. In the backwashing process, the cleaning air is introduced into the filtration chamber 9 through the cleaning air introduction pipe 60 and the water collection chamber 13, and the filter medium layer 11 is bubbled. By this bubbling, dirt on the filter medium layer 11 is peeled off from the filter medium. After that, the introduction of the cleaning air is stopped, and the purified water accumulated in the purified water culvert 55 is supplied to the filtration chamber 9 through the communication pipe 56 and the water collection chamber 13. The water that has entered the filtration chamber 9 flows from the drainage trough 10 into the raw water drainage chamber 1a.
However, at this time, the dirt separated from the filter medium also flows out. Therefore, the dirt of the filter medium layer 11 is removed. The dirty water that has flowed into the raw water drainage chamber 1a is discarded into a drainage conduit (not shown).
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来の濾過装置５
００では、捨水サイフォン５０によって濾過室９の原水
を捨水し、濾過室９の水位を濾材層１１の上端の少し上
まで下げている。しかし、捨水サイフォン５０の水吸込
口が濾材のすぐ上に位置しており、また、濾材層におけ
る水の流れが濾過行程の時と逆になるため、濾材が吸い
込まれて流出してしまうことがある問題点がある。ま
た、洗浄行程において、濾過室９内の捨水サイフォン５
０に沿った偏流により、濾材が吸い上げられて流出する
問題点がある。そこで、本発明の目的は、洗浄行程への
移行時に濾材層の上端の少し上まで原水の水位を下げる
ときに濾材が流出するのを完全に防止できると共に濾過
室内の偏流を発生させない重力式濾過装置を提供するこ
とにある。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The above conventional filtration device 5
In 00, the raw water in the filter chamber 9 is drained by the drainage siphon 50, and the water level in the filter chamber 9 is lowered to just above the upper end of the filter medium layer 11. However, since the water suction port of the waste water siphon 50 is located immediately above the filter medium and the flow of water in the filter medium layer is opposite to that in the filtration process, the filter medium is sucked and flows out. There is a problem. In addition, in the washing process, the drainage siphon 5 in the filtration chamber 9
There is a problem that the filter medium is sucked up and flows out due to the drift along 0. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to prevent gravity from flowing out of the filter medium when lowering the water level of the raw water slightly above the upper end of the filter medium at the time of transition to the washing process and to prevent gravity flow in the filtration chamber. To provide a device.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】第１の観点では、本発明
は、濾過行程では、濾過室の濾材層を下向流で通過させ
て原水を濾過し、得られた浄水を浄水渠に溜め、洗浄行
程への移行時には、前記濾材層の上端の少し上まで前記
濾過室の原水の水位を下げ、洗浄行程では、前記濾材層
に空気を吹き込み、次に、前記浄水渠に溜めた浄水を上
向流で通過させて前記濾材層を洗浄する重力式濾過装置
において、前記濾過室の下に設けられた集水室と、その
集水室と前記浄水渠とを連通または遮断しうる水路開閉
手段と、前記集水室と連通した捨水渠と、その捨水渠に
溜まった水を廃棄するための捨水手段と、前記濾過室の
原水の水位を下げるために前記濾過室への原水の供給を
止めると共に前記水路開閉手段により前記集水室と前記
浄水渠を遮断し且つ前記捨水手段により前記捨水渠に溜
まった水を廃棄する制御手段とを具備したことを特徴と
する重力式濾過装置を提供する。上記第１の観点による
重力式濾過装置では、洗浄行程への移行時に、濾過室へ
の原水の供給を止めると共に、水路開閉手段により集水
室と浄水渠を遮断して浄水渠から集水室および濾過室に
浄水が流れ込まないようにする。一方、捨水手段により
捨水渠に溜まった水を廃棄する。すると、捨水渠に連通
している集水室の水が廃棄されることになり、それは濾
過室の水が廃棄される結果となる。これにより、濾材層
の上端の少し上まで濾過室の原水の水位を下げることが
出来る。このときの濾材層における水の流れは、濾過行
程の時と同じ下向流である。また、濾過室内には、水吸
込口が位置していない。よって、濾材が流出するのを完
全に防止できる。さらに、濾過室内にサイフォンがない
ため、偏流を防止することができ、偏流による濾材の流
出を防ぐことが出来る。According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the filtration step, the raw water is filtered by passing the filter material layer of the filtration chamber in a downward flow in the filtration step, and the obtained purified water is stored in a purified water culvert. At the time of transition to the cleaning step, the water level of the raw water in the filtration chamber is lowered to just above the upper end of the filter medium layer, and in the cleaning process, air is blown into the filter medium layer, and then the purified water accumulated in the water purifier is collected. In a gravity type filtration device for washing the filter medium layer by passing in an upward flow, a water collection chamber provided under the filtration chamber and a water channel opening / closing capable of communicating or blocking the water collection chamber and the water purification culvert Means, a drainage channel communicating with the water collection chamber, a drainage means for discarding the water accumulated in the drainage channel, and the supply of raw water to the filtration chamber to lower the water level of the raw water in the filtration chamber And the water channel opening / closing means to shut off the water collecting chamber and the water purification conduit and Providing gravity filtration apparatus characterized by comprising a control means for discarding the water collected in said water discard culvert by the water discard means. In the gravity type filtration device according to the first aspect, the supply of raw water to the filtration chamber is stopped at the time of transition to the washing process, and the water collection chamber and the water treatment chamber are shut off by the water channel opening / closing means to remove the water from the water treatment chamber. And make sure that clean water does not flow into the filtration chamber. On the other hand, the water accumulated in the drain by the drain means is discarded. Then, the water in the water collection chamber that communicates with the waste water drain is discarded, which results in the water in the filtration chamber being discarded. As a result, the water level of the raw water in the filtration chamber can be lowered to just above the upper end of the filter medium layer. The flow of water in the filter medium layer at this time is the same downward flow as in the filtration process. Moreover, the water suction port is not located in the filtration chamber. Therefore, it is possible to completely prevent the filter medium from flowing out. Furthermore, since there is no siphon in the filtration chamber, it is possible to prevent uneven flow, and it is possible to prevent the filter medium from flowing out due to uneven flow.
【０００７】第２の観点では、本発明は、濾過行程で
は、濾過室の濾材層を下向流で通過させて原水を濾過
し、得られた浄水を浄水渠に溜め、洗浄行程への移行時
には、前記濾材層の上端の少し上まで前記濾過室の原水
の水位を下げ、洗浄行程では、前記濾材層に空気を吹き
込み、次に、前記浄水渠に溜めた浄水を上向流で通過さ
せて前記濾材層を洗浄する重力式濾過装置において、前
記濾過室の下に設けられた集水室と、その集水室と前記
浄水渠とを連通または遮断しうる水路開閉手段と、前記
集水室と連通した捨水渠と、その捨水渠に溜まった水を
廃棄するための捨水手段とを具備し、前記濾過室への原
水の供給を止めると共に前記水路開閉手段により前記集
水室と前記浄水渠を遮断し且つ前記捨水手段により前記
捨水渠に溜まった水を廃棄することにより前記濾過室の
原水の水位を下げうるようにしたことを特徴とする重力
式濾過装置を提供する。上記第２の観点による重力式濾
過装置では、洗浄行程への移行時に、濾過室への原水の
供給を止めると共に、水路開閉手段を操作して集水室と
浄水渠を遮断し、浄水渠から集水室および濾過室に浄水
が流れ込まないようにする。一方、捨水手段を操作して
捨水渠に溜まった水を廃棄する。すると、捨水渠に連通
している集水室の水が廃棄されることになり、それは濾
過室の水が廃棄される結果となる。これにより、濾材層
の上端の少し上まで濾過室の原水の水位を下げることが
出来る。このときの濾材層における水の流れは、濾過行
程の時と同じ下向流である。また、濾過室内には、水吸
込口が位置していない。よって、濾材が流出するのを完
全に防止できる。さらに、濾過室内にサイフォンがない
ため、偏流を防止することができ、偏流による濾材の流
出を防ぐことが出来る。In the second aspect, in the present invention, in the filtration step, the raw water is filtered by passing through the filter medium layer of the filtration chamber in a downward flow, the obtained purified water is stored in a purified water drain, and the process is transferred to the cleaning step. Occasionally, the water level of the raw water in the filtration chamber is lowered to just above the upper end of the filter medium layer, and in the cleaning process, air is blown into the filter medium layer, and then the purified water stored in the purified water channel is passed in an upward flow. In a gravity type filtration device for washing the filter medium layer with water, a water collection chamber provided under the filtration chamber, a water channel opening / closing means capable of communicating or blocking the water collection chamber and the water purification conduit, and the water collection A drainage channel communicating with the chamber, and a drainage means for discarding the water accumulated in the drainage channel, and stopping the supply of raw water to the filtration chamber and the water channel opening and closing means and the water collection chamber and the It shuts off the clean water drain and removes the water collected in the waste drain by the waste drainage means. Providing gravity filtration device is characterized in that so as to be lower the water level of the raw water of the filtration chamber by disposal. In the gravity type filtering device according to the second aspect, at the time of shifting to the cleaning process, the supply of raw water to the filtering chamber is stopped, and the water channel opening / closing means is operated to shut off the water collecting chamber and the purified water channel from the water channel. Prevent clean water from flowing into the water collection chamber and filtration chamber. On the other hand, the drainage means is operated to discard the water accumulated in the drain. Then, the water in the water collection chamber that communicates with the waste water drain is discarded, which results in the water in the filtration chamber being discarded. As a result, the water level of the raw water in the filtration chamber can be lowered to just above the upper end of the filter medium layer. The flow of water in the filter medium layer at this time is the same downward flow as in the filtration process. Moreover, the water suction port is not located in the filtration chamber. Therefore, it is possible to completely prevent the filter medium from flowing out. Furthermore, since there is no siphon in the filtration chamber, it is possible to prevent uneven flow, and it is possible to prevent the filter medium from flowing out due to uneven flow.
【０００８】第３の観点では、本発明は、上記構成の重
力式濾過装置において、前記濾過層を洗浄した水を前記
濾過室外で溜める排水室と、その排水室に溜まった水を
廃棄するための排水サイフォンとをさらに具備したこと
を特徴とする重力式濾過装置。上記第３の観点による重
力式濾過装置では、洗浄行程において、濾材層を上向流
で流れた後、濾過室から流れ出た水を排水室に溜め、そ
の排水室に溜まった水を排水サイフォンで廃棄する。こ
のように濾過室と排水室の２段構造としたため、洗浄行
程での排水を効率的に行えると共に、濾過室内にサイフ
ォンがないため、濾過室を広く使うことができ、濾過行
程や洗浄行程の効率を向上できる。According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the gravity type filtration device having the above-mentioned structure, the drainage chamber for collecting the water for washing the filtration layer outside the filtration chamber and the water accumulated in the drainage chamber are discarded. And a drainage siphon. In the gravity type filtration device according to the third aspect, in the washing process, after flowing through the filter material layer in an upward flow, the water flowing out from the filtration chamber is collected in the drain chamber, and the water collected in the drain chamber is collected by the drain siphon. Discard. With the two-stage structure of the filtration chamber and the drainage chamber, the drainage in the cleaning process can be performed efficiently, and since there is no siphon in the filtration chamber, the filtration chamber can be widely used, and the filtration process and the cleaning process can be performed. The efficiency can be improved.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図に示す実施形態により本
発明をさらに詳細に説明する。なお、これにより本発明
が限定されるものではない。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited by this.
【００１０】図１は、本発明の一実施形態の濾過装置の
構成図である。この濾過装置１００において、２ｐは第
１原水渠、２ｓは第２原水渠、３は原水空封トラップ、
６は原水流入堰、７は原水流入渠、８は原水流入管、１
は濾過池、１ａは原水排水室、９は濾過室、１０は排水
トラフ、１１は濾材層、１２は空洗ノズル、１３は集水
室、１４は集水渠、１５は逆洗水流入堰、１６は浄水空
封トラップ、１９は浄水止水壁、２０は浄水渠、２１は
浄水流出堰、２２は浄水貯留渠である。また、４は原水
空封トラップ排気弁、５は原水空封トラップ給気弁、１
７は浄水空封トラップ排気弁、１８は浄水空封トラップ
給気弁、３２は圧縮空気源である。また、２３は空洗空
気供給室、２３ａは連通孔であり、３１は空洗ブロワー
である。また、２６は濾過池内排水サイフォン、２７は
濾過池内排水サイフォン排気弁、２８は排水水封渠であ
る。また、２４は濾過室内捨水渠、２５は濾過室内捨水
堰、２９は濾過室内捨水サイフォン、３０は濾過室内捨
水サイフォン排気弁である。また、３３は排水渠、３３
ａは排水堰である。さらに、４０は、水位，時間，水温
などに基づいて前記各種の弁を開閉して行程を管理する
行程制御装置である。また、４１は、水温センサであ
る。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a filtering device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this filtration device 100, 2p is a first raw water drain, 2s is a second raw water drain, 3 is a raw water empty trap,
6 is a raw water inflow weir, 7 is a raw water inflow conduit, 8 is a raw water inflow pipe, 1
Is a filter basin, 1a is a raw water drainage chamber, 9 is a filtration chamber, 10 is a drainage trough, 11 is a filter material layer, 12 is an air washing nozzle, 13 is a water collecting chamber, 14 is a water collecting basin, 15 is a backwashing water inflow weir, Reference numeral 16 is an empty trap for purified water, 19 is a water blocking wall, 20 is a purified water drain, 21 is a purified water discharge weir, and 22 is a purified water storage drain. Further, 4 is a raw water air-sealed trap exhaust valve, 5 is a raw water air-sealed trap air supply valve, 1
Reference numeral 7 is a purified water air trap trap exhaust valve, 18 is a purified water air trap air supply valve, and 32 is a compressed air source. Further, 23 is an air washing air supply chamber, 23a is a communication hole, and 31 is an air washing blower. In addition, 26 is a drainage siphon in the filtration pond, 27 is a drainage siphon exhaust valve in the filtration pond, and 28 is a drainage drain. Further, 24 is a drainage drain in the filtration chamber, 25 is a drainage weir in the filtration chamber, 29 is a drainage siphon in the filtration chamber, and 30 is an exhaust valve in the filtration chamber. 33 is a drainage conduit, 33
a is a drainage weir. Further, reference numeral 40 is a stroke control device that manages the stroke by opening and closing the various valves based on the water level, time, water temperature and the like. Reference numeral 41 is a water temperature sensor.
【００１１】図２は、上記濾過装置１００の空封トラッ
プ３，１６およびサイフォン２６，２９および空洗ブロ
ワー３１の運転のタイムチャートと、その運転に伴う濾
過池水位の変化を示すグラフである。FIG. 2 is a time chart of the operation of the air-sealed traps 3 and 16, the siphons 26 and 29, and the air-washing blower 31 of the filtration device 100, and a graph showing the change in the water level of the filter basin accompanying the operation.
【００１２】−濾過行程− 図２および図３を参照して、濾過行程について説明す
る。図２に示すように、濾過行程では、原水空封トラッ
プ３を導通状態にする（これは原水空封トラップ給気弁
５を閉状態とし、原水空封トラップ排気弁４を開状態と
する）。また、浄水空封トラップ１６を導通状態とする
（これは浄水空封トラップ給気弁１８を閉状態とし、浄
水空封トラップ排気弁１７を開状態とする）。また、濾
過池内排水サイフォン２６を空封状態とする（これは濾
過池内排水サイフォン２６に空気が入った状態で濾過池
内排水サイフォン排気弁２７を閉状態とする）。また、
濾過室内捨水サイフォン２９を空封状態とする（これは
濾過室内捨水サイフォン２９に空気が入った状態で濾過
室内捨水サイフォン排気弁３０を閉状態とする）。ま
た、空洗ブロワー３１を停止させておく。-Filtration Process- The filtration process will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. As shown in FIG. 2, in the filtration process, the raw water air-sealing trap 3 is brought into conduction (the raw water air-sealing trap air supply valve 5 is closed and the raw water air-sealing trap exhaust valve 4 is opened). . Further, the purified water air-sealing trap 16 is brought into a conductive state (this causes the purified water air-sealed trap air supply valve 18 to be closed and the purified water air-sealed trap exhaust valve 17 to be open). Further, the drainage siphon 26 in the filter pond is put in an air-sealed state (this is a state in which the drainage siphon exhaust valve 27 in the filter pond is closed while air enters the drainage siphon 26 in the filter pond). Also,
The filtration chamber wastewater siphon 29 is put in an air-sealed state (this is the state where the filtration chamber wastewater siphon 29 is filled with air and the filtration chamber wastewater siphon exhaust valve 30 is closed). Further, the air-washing blower 31 is stopped.
【００１３】図３に示すように、原水は、第１原水渠２
ｐから原水空封トラップ３を通って第２原水渠２ｓに入
り、原水流入堰６を越えて、原水流入渠７に入り、原水
流入管８から濾過池１に入り、濾過池１に溜まる。排水
トラフ１０は、濾過池１に溜まった原水中に沈んでい
る。濾過池１に溜まった原水は、濾過室９に設けられた
濾材層１１を通過し、濾過されて、浄水となり、空洗ノ
ズル１２を通って、集水室１３に入り、さらに集水渠１
４に入る。集水渠１４に入った浄水は、浄水空封トラッ
プ１６を通って浄水渠２０に入り、浄水流出堰２１を越
えて、浄水貯留渠２２に入り、そこに溜まる。浄水は濾
過室内捨水渠２４にも溜まるが、水位は浄水渠２０に溜
まる浄水の水位（＝集水渠１４に溜まる浄水の水位）ま
でしか上昇しない。ところが、濾過室内捨水堰２５の高
さが前記水位よりも高いため、浄水渠２０に溜まる浄水
が濾過室内捨水堰２５を越えて流出することはない。As shown in FIG. 3, the raw water is the first raw water culvert 2
From p to the second raw water culvert 2s through the raw water air-sealing trap 3, the raw water inflow weir 6, the raw water inflow basin 7, the raw water inflow pipe 8 to the filtration basin 1, and the filtration basin 1. The drainage trough 10 is submerged in the raw water accumulated in the filtration basin 1. The raw water collected in the filtration pond 1 passes through the filter medium layer 11 provided in the filtration chamber 9, is filtered, becomes purified water, passes through the empty washing nozzle 12, enters the water collection chamber 13, and is further collected in the water sump 1
Enter 4. The purified water that has entered the catchment basin 14 enters the purified water culvert 20 through the purified water empty trap 16, crosses the purified water outflow weir 21, and enters the purified water culvert 22 where it is collected. The purified water also collects in the drainage basin 24 of the filtration chamber, but the water level rises only up to the level of the purified water in the clarification drain 20 (= the level of the purified water in the collection basin 14). However, since the height of the drainage weir 25 in the filtration chamber is higher than the water level, the purified water accumulated in the water purification conduit 20 does not flow out beyond the drainage weir 25 in the filtration chamber.
【００１４】図２に示すように、濾過池水位は、浄水流
出堰２１の高さＢより高くなっており、この高さの差に
よる差圧がかかった状態で、原水の流入量と浄水の流出
量が平衡している。ところが、濾過行程を続けることに
より濾材層１１が汚れて抵抗が大きくなると、平衡する
ために必要な差圧が大きくなるため、濾過池水位は上昇
してくる。そして、予め定めた上限水位Ａまで濾過池水
位が達すると、原水空封トラップ３を空封状態にする
（これは原水空封トラップ排気弁４を閉状態とし、原水
空封トラップ給気弁５を所定時間だけ開状態とする）。
すると、原水の流入が止り、浄水の流出だけが続くた
め、図４に示すように、濾過池水位が浄水流出堰２１の
高さＢまで下がってくる。この状態で濾過行程が終了
し、濾過池内原水排水行程に移る。As shown in FIG. 2, the water level of the filter basin is higher than the height B of the purified water outflow weir 21, and the inflow rate of the raw water and the purified water under the pressure difference caused by the difference in height. Outflow is in equilibrium. However, if the filter medium layer 11 becomes dirty and the resistance increases as the filtration process continues, the pressure difference required for equilibration increases, and the water level in the filter basin rises. Then, when the water level of the filter basin reaches a predetermined upper limit water level A, the raw water air-sealing trap 3 is put into an air-sealing state (this is done by closing the raw water air-sealing trap exhaust valve 4 and closing the raw water air-sealing trap air supply valve 5). Open for a predetermined time).
Then, the inflow of the raw water stops and only the outflow of the purified water continues, so that the water level of the filter pond falls to the height B of the purified water outflow weir 21, as shown in FIG. The filtration process is completed in this state, and the process proceeds to the raw water drainage process in the filtration pond.
【００１５】−濾過池内原水排水行程− 図２および図５を参照して、濾過池内原水排水行程につ
いて説明する。図２に示すように、濾過池内原水排水行
程では、浄水空封トラップ１６を空封状態にする（これ
は浄水空封トラップ排気弁１７を閉状態とし、浄水空封
トラップ給気弁１８を所定時間だけ開状態とする）。ま
た、濾過池内排水サイフォン２６を導通状態とする（こ
れは濾過池内排水サイフォン排気弁２７を開状態とす
る。濾過池内排水サイフォン２６が導通状態となった
ら、濾過池内排水サイフォン排気弁２７を閉状態に戻し
ておく。）。また、濾過室内捨水サイフォン２９を導通
状態とする（これは濾過室内捨水サイフォン排気弁３０
を開状態とする。濾過室内捨水サイフォン２９が導通状
態となったら、濾過室内捨水サイフォン排気弁３０を閉
状態に戻しておく。）。-Raw water drainage stroke in the filtration pond- The raw water drainage stroke in the filtration pond will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 5. As shown in FIG. 2, in the raw water drainage process in the filter basin, the purified water air-sealing trap 16 is in an air-sealed state (this means that the purified water air-sealed trap exhaust valve 17 is closed and the purified water air-sealed trap air supply valve 18 is set to a predetermined state. Only open for hours). In addition, the drainage siphon 26 in the filtration pond is brought into a conducting state (this opens the drainage siphon exhaust valve 27 in the filtration pond. When the drainage siphon 26 in the filtration pond becomes conducting, the drainage siphon exhaust valve 27 in the filtration pond is closed. I will return it to.). Further, the drainage siphon 29 in the filtration chamber is brought into conduction (this is the exhaust siphon exhaust valve 30 in the filtration chamber).
Is opened. When the drainage siphon 29 in the filtration chamber becomes conductive, the drainage siphon exhaust valve 30 in the filtration chamber is returned to the closed state. ).
【００１６】図５に示すように、濾過池１内の原水は、
濾過池内排水サイフォン２６を通って排水水封渠２８に
流れ出て、さらに排水渠３３へ流れ出る。また、集水室
１３，集水渠１４および濾過室内捨水渠２４内の浄水
は、濾過室内捨水サイフォン２９を通って排水水封渠２
８に流れ出て、さらに排水渠３３へ流れ出る。浄水渠２
０に溜まった浄水は、そのままである。原水の流入が止
っており、濾過池１内の原水の流出が続くため、図６に
示すように、濾過池水位が濾材層１１の高さＣまで下が
ってくる。この状態で濾過池内原水排水行程が終了し、
空気洗浄行程に移る。As shown in FIG. 5, the raw water in the filter basin 1 is
It flows through the drainage siphon 26 in the filter pond into the drainage water trap 28, and then into the drainage pipe 33. Further, the purified water in the water collection chamber 13, the water collection basin 14, and the drainage basin 24 in the filtration chamber passes through the drainage siphon 29 in the filtration chamber and the drainage culvert 2
8 and then to drain 33. Clean water channel 2
The purified water accumulated at 0 remains as it is. Since the inflow of raw water has stopped and the outflow of raw water in the filter basin 1 continues, as shown in FIG. 6, the water level of the filter basin drops to the height C of the filter medium layer 11. In this state, the raw water drainage process in the filter pond is completed
Move to air cleaning step.
【００１７】なお、濾過池水位を下げる際、濾材がない
原水排水室１ａから主に排水すると共に、濾過室９から
は空洗ノズル１２を通して排水するため、濾材の流出は
全く起こらない。When lowering the water level of the filter basin, the raw water drainage chamber 1a having no filter medium is mainly drained, and the filter chamber 9 is drained through the washing nozzle 12, so that no filter medium flows out.
【００１８】−空気洗浄行程− 図２および図７を参照して、空気洗浄行程について説明
する。図２に示すように、空気洗浄行程では、濾過室内
捨水サイフォン２９を空封状態とする（これは濾過室内
捨水サイフォン排気弁３０を開状態とする。濾過室内捨
水サイフォン排気弁３０が高さＣより上に取り付けてあ
るため、空気が入り、濾過室内捨水サイフォン２９が止
る。濾過室内捨水サイフォン２９が止ったら、濾過室内
捨水サイフォン排気弁３０を閉状態に戻しておく。）。
また、空洗ブロワー３１を運転状態にする。-Air Washing Process- The air washing process will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 7. As shown in FIG. 2, in the air cleaning step, the filtration chamber wastewater siphon 29 is in an air-sealed state (this causes the filtration chamber drainage siphon exhaust valve 30 to be in an open state. Since it is installed above the height C, air enters and the drainage siphon 29 inside the filtration chamber stops.When the drainage siphon 29 inside the filtration chamber stops, the drainage siphon exhaust valve 30 inside the filtration chamber is returned to the closed state. ).
Further, the air-washing blower 31 is put into an operating state.
【００１９】図７に示すように、空洗ブロワー３１から
送られた空気は空洗空気供給室２３に溜まり、水位を下
げる。水位が集水室１３への連通孔２３ａまで下がる
と、空気は連通孔２３ａを通って集水室１３へ流れ込
み、さらに空洗ノズル１２を通って濾過室９へ流れ込
む。従って、濾材層１１がバブリングされる。これによ
り、濾材層１１が攪拌され、濾材層１１同士が擦れあっ
て、付着していた汚れが濾材層１１から剥離する。濾過
池水位は、吹き込まれた空気の分だけ上昇し、高さＣ’
となる。濾過池内排水サイフォン２６は導通状態にある
ため、原水排水室１ａの水位は下がり続けるが、排水堰
３３ａの高さまで下がると、水位の差がなくなるため、
濾過池内排水サイフォン２６は自然に止る。As shown in FIG. 7, the air sent from the air-washing blower 31 accumulates in the air-washing air supply chamber 23 and lowers the water level. When the water level drops to the communication hole 23a to the water collection chamber 13, the air flows into the water collection chamber 13 through the communication hole 23a and further flows into the filtration chamber 9 through the air washing nozzle 12. Therefore, the filter medium layer 11 is bubbled. As a result, the filter medium layers 11 are agitated, the filter medium layers 11 are rubbed against each other, and the adhered dirt is separated from the filter medium layers 11. The water level of the filter pond rises by the amount of the blown air, and the height C '
Becomes Since the drainage siphon 26 in the filter pond is in a conductive state, the water level in the raw water drainage chamber 1a continues to drop, but when the water level drops to the height of the drainage weir 33a, there is no difference in water level.
The drainage siphon 26 in the filter pond stops naturally.
【００２０】図２に示すように、空気洗浄行程を適当な
時間だけ行うと、空水逆洗行程に移る。As shown in FIG. 2, when the air washing process is performed for an appropriate time, the air-water backwashing process starts.
【００２１】−空水逆洗行程− 図２および図８を参照して、空水逆洗行程について説明
する。図２に示すように、空水逆洗行程では、浄水空封
トラップ１６を導通状態とする（これは浄水空封トラッ
プ排気弁１７を開状態とする）。図８に示すように、浄
水渠２０に溜まった浄水は、浄水空封トラップ１６を通
って集水渠１４さらに集水室１３に流れ込み、さらに空
洗ノズル１２を通って濾過室９へ流れ込む。従って、図
２に示すように、濾過室９の水位が徐々に上昇する。濾
過室９の水位が排水トラフ１０の高さＤの直前まで上昇
すると、空水逆洗行程を終了し、水逆洗行程に移る。-Air Water Backwashing Process- The air water backwashing process will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 8. As shown in FIG. 2, in the air-water backwashing process, the purified water air-sealing trap 16 is brought into a conducting state (this causes the purified water air-sealing trap exhaust valve 17 to be opened). As shown in FIG. 8, the purified water collected in the purified water drainage 20 flows through the purified water empty trap 16 into the water collection drainage 14 and further into the water collection chamber 13, and further flows into the filtration chamber 9 through the air washing nozzle 12. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the water level in the filtration chamber 9 gradually rises. When the water level in the filtration chamber 9 rises to just before the height D of the drainage trough 10, the empty water backwashing process is terminated and the water backwashing process is started.
【００２２】−水逆洗行程− 図２，図９および図１０を参照して、水逆洗行程につい
て説明する。図２に示すように、水逆洗行程では、空洗
ブロワー３１を停止する。図９に示すように、濾過室９
の水位は排水トラフ１０の高さＤまで上昇する。する
と、濾過室９の水は、排水トラフ１０を通って原水排水
室１ａに流れ出し、さらに濾過池内排水サイフォン２６
を通って排水水封渠２８に流れ出て、さらに排水渠３３
へ流れ出る。この水の流れにより、濾材層１１から剥離
された汚れは、排水渠３３へ排出される。濾過池水位
は、高さＤになっているまた、濾過室内捨水渠２４の水
位は、集水渠１４の水位と同じになっている。-Water Backwashing Process- The water backwashing process will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 9 and 10. As shown in FIG. 2, in the water backwashing process, the emptying blower 31 is stopped. As shown in FIG. 9, the filtration chamber 9
Rises to the height D of the drainage trough 10. Then, the water in the filtration chamber 9 flows out to the raw water drainage chamber 1a through the drainage trough 10, and further the drainage siphon 26 in the filtration pond.
Through the drainage ditch 28 and then to the drain ditch 33.
Run out to Due to this flow of water, the dirt separated from the filter medium layer 11 is discharged to the drain 33. The water level of the filter basin is the height D, and the water level of the drainage basin 24 of the filtration chamber is the same as the water level of the water collection basin 14.
【００２３】ここで、浄水渠２０から浄水空封トラップ
１６を通って供給する浄水の流量が重要である。もし、
流量が多過ぎると、バブリングによって巻き上げられて
いる濾材（例えばマンガン砂）までが排水トラフ１０か
ら流れ出てしまう。他方、流量が少な過ぎると、濾材層
１１から剥離された汚れが流れ出にくくなり、洗浄効率
が悪くなる。そこで、図１０に示すように、浄水空封ト
ラップ１６は、独立した４段の浄水空封トラップ１６−
１，１６−２，１６−３，１６−４からなっている。そ
して、浄水渠２０から浄水空封トラップ１６を通って集
水渠１４へ供給すべき浄水の流量の最大値をＱｘ，最小
値をＱｎ、第１の浄水空封トラップ１６−１の通水量を
Ｑ１，第２の浄水空封トラップ１６−２の通水流量をＱ
２，第３の浄水空封トラップ１６−３の通水量をＱ３，
第４の浄水空封トラップ１６−４の通水流量をＱ４とす
るとき、次式の関係がある。 Ｑｘ＝Ｑ１＋Ｑ２＋Ｑ３＋Ｑ４ Ｑｎ＝Ｑ４ Ｑ１：Ｑ２：Ｑ３＝１：２：４ これにより、浄水渠２０から浄水空封トラップ１６を通
って集水渠１４へ供給する浄水の流量を、最大値Ｑｘか
ら最小値Ｑｎまで８段階に制御できる。そして、“導
通”と“空封”の２値で制御するから、大気圧や気温の
変動の影響を受けないで、水温に応じて正確に最適の流
量に調節できるようになる。例えば、濾材がマンガン砂
の場合、浄水の流量を、水温１０℃では０．５５ｍ／
分、水温２０℃では０．６０ｍ／分、水温２５℃では
０．６５ｍ／分とする。また、濾材が活性炭の場合、浄
水の流量を、水温１０℃では０．４２ｍ／分、水温２０
℃では０．４７ｍ／分、水温３０℃では０．５５ｍ／分
とする。Here, the flow rate of the purified water supplied from the purified water ditch 20 through the purified water empty trap 16 is important. if,
If the flow rate is too high, even the filter medium (eg, manganese sand) wound up by bubbling will flow out from the drainage trough 10. On the other hand, if the flow rate is too low, the dirt peeled off from the filter medium layer 11 becomes difficult to flow out, and the cleaning efficiency deteriorates. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, the purified water air-sealing trap 16 is an independent four-stage water purification air-sealing trap 16-.
1, 16-2, 16-3, 16-4. Then, the maximum value of the flow rate of the purified water to be supplied from the purified water channel 20 to the water collection channel 14 through the clean air sealing trap 16 is Qx, the minimum value is Qn, and the flow rate of the first purified water sealing trap 16-1 is Q1. , Q of the water flow rate of the second clean air trap 16-2
2, the water flow rate of the third clean water sealed trap 16-3 is Q3
When the water flow rate of the fourth purified water air-sealing trap 16-4 is Q4, there is a relationship of the following equation. Qx = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4 Qn = Q4 Q1: Q2: Q3 = 1: 2: 4 As a result, the flow rate of the purified water supplied from the purified water channel 20 to the water collection channel 14 through the empty water trap 16 is changed from the maximum value Qx to the minimum value Qn. Up to 8 levels can be controlled. Since it is controlled by the two values of "conducting" and "air-sealed", it is possible to accurately adjust the optimum flow rate according to the water temperature without being affected by fluctuations in atmospheric pressure and temperature. For example, when the filter medium is manganese sand, the flow rate of purified water is 0.55 m /
Minutes, the water temperature is 20 ° C., 0.60 m / min, and the water temperature is 25 ° C., 0.65 m / min. Further, when the filter medium is activated carbon, the flow rate of purified water is 0.42 m / min at a water temperature of 10 ° C. and a water temperature of 20.
The temperature is 0.47 m / min, and the water temperature is 30 ° C., 0.55 m / min.
【００２４】図２に示すように、水逆洗行程を適当な時
間だけ行うと、逆洗後捨水行程に移る。As shown in FIG. 2, if the water backwashing step is carried out for an appropriate time, the backwashing step is followed by the draining step.
【００２５】−逆洗後捨水行程− 図２，図１１（貯水状態）および図１２（捨水状態）を
参照して、逆洗後捨水行程について説明する。図２に示
すように、逆洗後捨水行程では、濾過池内排水サイフォ
ン２６を空封状態とする（これは濾過池内排水サイフォ
ン排気弁２７を開状態とする。原水排水室１ａの水位が
濾過池内排水サイフォン排気弁２７より低いため、空気
が入り、濾過池内排水サイフォン２６が止る。濾過池内
排水サイフォン２６が止ったら、濾過池内排水サイフォ
ン排気弁２７を閉状態に戻しておく。）。次に、浄水空
封トラップ１６を空封状態にする（これは浄水空封トラ
ップ排気弁１７を閉状態とし、浄水空封トラップ給気弁
１８を所定時間だけ開状態とする）。次に、原水空封ト
ラップ３を導通状態にする（これは原水空封トラップ給
気弁５を閉状態とし、原水空封トラップ排気弁４を開状
態とする）。-Draining Process After Backwashing-The draining process after backwashing will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 11 (water storage state) and 12 (draining state). As shown in FIG. 2, in the drainage process after backwashing, the drainage siphon 26 in the filtration pond is in an air-sealed state (this sets the drainage siphon exhaust valve 27 in the filtration pond to the open state. The water level in the raw water drainage chamber 1a is filtered. Since it is lower than the drainage siphon exhaust valve 27 in the pond, air enters and the drainage siphon 26 in the filtration pond stops. When the drainage siphon 26 in the filtration pond stops, the drainage siphon exhaust valve 27 in the filtration pond is returned to the closed state). Next, the purified water air-sealing trap 16 is brought into an air-sealed state (this means that the purified water air-sealed trap exhaust valve 17 is closed and the purified water air-sealed trap air supply valve 18 is opened for a predetermined time). Next, the raw water air-sealing trap 3 is brought into conduction (this closes the raw water air-sealing trap air supply valve 5 and opens the raw water air-sealing trap exhaust valve 4).
【００２６】図１１（貯水状態）に示すように、原水
は、第１原水渠２ｐから原水空封トラップ３を通って第
２原水渠２ｓに入り、原水流入堰６を越えて、原水流入
渠７に入り、原水流入管８から濾過池１に入り、濾材層
１１を通過し、浄水となり、空洗ノズル１２を通って、
集水室１３に入る。そして、集水室１３から集水渠１４
に入り、集水渠１４に溜まる。また、集水室１３から濾
過室内捨水渠２４に入り、濾過室内捨水渠２４に溜ま
る。従って、図２に示すように、濾過池水位は、上昇す
る。図１２（捨水状態）に示すように、濾過室内捨水渠
２４の水位が濾過室内捨水堰２５より高くなると、濾過
室内捨水渠２４の浄水は濾過室内捨水堰２５を越えて排
水水封渠２８に流れ出て、さらに排水渠３３へ流れ出
る。このため、図２に示すように、濾過池水位は、高さ
Ｅで一定になる。濾過行程の初期には、濾材の密度が低
く、濾材層１１の濾過性能が低い。また、逆洗時に濾材
同士が擦れあって発生した摩耗粉が僅かながら流れ出し
ている。このため、浄水の水質は若干不良である（例え
ば、濾材がマンガン砂の場合、マンガン粉により若干黄
色くなっている）。しかし、この浄水は、浄水貯留渠２
２へは行かず、排水渠３３へ排出されてしまう。濾材層
１１が安定・清澄な状態になると、逆洗後捨水行程を終
了し、前記濾過行程に戻る。As shown in FIG. 11 (reservoir state), the raw water enters the second raw water channel 2s from the first raw water channel 2p through the raw water empty-sealing trap 3, passes through the raw water inflow weir 6, and passes through the raw water inflow channel. 7, the raw water inflow pipe 8 enters the filter basin 1, the filter medium layer 11, the purified water, the empty washing nozzle 12,
Enter the water collection room 13. Then, from the water collection chamber 13 to the water collection ditch 14
Enters and collects in the sump 14. In addition, it enters the filtration chamber drain 24 from the water collection chamber 13 and accumulates in the filtration chamber drain 24. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the water level of the filter basin rises. As shown in FIG. 12 (drainage state), when the water level in the filtration room wastewater drain 24 becomes higher than that in the filtration room wastewater weir 25, the purified water in the filtration room wastewater drainage 24 exceeds the filtration room wastewater weir 25 and the drainage water is sealed. It flows into the drain 28 and then into the drain 33. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the water level of the filtration basin becomes constant at the height E. At the beginning of the filtration process, the density of the filter medium is low, and the filter performance of the filter layer 11 is low. In addition, a small amount of wear powder generated by rubbing the filter media during backwashing flows out. Therefore, the quality of the purified water is slightly poor (for example, when the filter medium is manganese sand, it is slightly yellow due to the manganese powder). However, this purified water is
It does not go to 2 and is discharged to the drain 33. When the filter material layer 11 becomes stable and clear, the backwashing and draining process is terminated, and the process returns to the filtering process.
【００２７】以上の濾過装置１００によれば、次の効果
が得られる。 （１）図５の濾過池内原水排水行程において、濾材層１
１における水の流れは、濾過行程の時と同じ下向流であ
る。また、濾過室９内には、水吸込口が位置していな
い。よって、濾材が流出するのを完全に防止できる。 （２）集水室１３と連通する濾過室内捨水渠２４に濾過
室内捨水サイフォン２９を配設することから、濾過室９
内にサイフォンがなく、濾過行程や逆洗行程の効率を向
上できる。 （３）図９の水逆洗行程において、浄水渠２０から浄水
空封トラップ１６を通って集水渠１４へ供給する浄水の
流量を、“導通”と“空封”の２値で制御できるので、
水温に応じて正確に最適の流量に調節できる。 （４）図１２の逆洗後捨水行程を設けて、濾材を速やか
に安定な状態に移行させると共にその時の浄水を捨水す
るため、水質の低い浄水が浄水貯留渠２２へ送られるこ
とを防止できる。According to the above filtering device 100, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Filter material layer 1 in the raw water drainage process in the filtration pond of FIG.
The water flow in 1 is the same downward flow as in the filtration stroke. Further, the water suction port is not located in the filtration chamber 9. Therefore, it is possible to completely prevent the filter medium from flowing out. (2) Since the filtration chamber wastewater siphon 29 is disposed in the filtration chamber wastewater drain 24 communicating with the water collection chamber 13, the filtration chamber 9
Since there is no siphon inside, the efficiency of the filtration process and backwash process can be improved. (3) In the water backwashing process of FIG. 9, the flow rate of purified water supplied from the purified water drainage 20 to the water collection drain 14 through the purified water air-sealing trap 16 can be controlled by two values of “conduction” and “air-sealing”. ,
It can be accurately adjusted to the optimum flow rate according to the water temperature. (4) By providing a drainage step after backwashing shown in FIG. 12 to quickly move the filter medium to a stable state and to discard the purified water at that time, the purified water of low water quality is sent to the purified water storage pit 22. It can be prevented.
【００２８】なお、次のように変形してもよい。 （ａ）図８の空水逆洗行程において、浄水渠２０から浄
水空封トラップ１６を通って集水渠１４へ供給する浄水
の流量を、矩形波状または正弦波状に変化させてもよ
い。また、これに合せて、バブリングする空気の供給を
断続させてもよい。これにより、濾過室９での流速分布
を変化させられるので、攪拌効果を高めることが出来
る。同様に、図９の水逆洗行程において、浄水渠２０か
ら浄水空封トラップ１６を通って集水渠１４へ供給する
浄水の流量を、矩形波状または正弦波状に変化させても
よい。 （ｂ）浄水渠２０から浄水空封トラップ１６を通って集
水渠１４へ供給する浄水の流量を、図８の空水逆洗行程
では小さくし、図９の水逆洗行程では大きくし、移行期
間では滑らかに変化させてもよい。これにより、濾材の
流出をさらに防止することが出来る。The following modifications may be made. (A) In the air-water backwashing process of FIG. 8, the flow rate of the purified water supplied from the purified water drainage 20 to the water collecting drainage 14 through the purified water empty trap 16 may be changed into a rectangular wave shape or a sine wave shape. Further, in accordance with this, the supply of the air for bubbling may be interrupted. As a result, the flow velocity distribution in the filtration chamber 9 can be changed, so that the stirring effect can be enhanced. Similarly, in the water backwashing process of FIG. 9, the flow rate of the purified water supplied from the purified water drainage 20 to the water collecting drainage 14 through the empty purified water trap 16 may be changed to a rectangular wave shape or a sine wave shape. (B) The flow rate of purified water supplied from the purified water drainage 20 through the purified water empty trap 16 to the water collection drain 14 is reduced in the air water backwashing process of FIG. 8 and increased in the water backwashing process of FIG. The period may be changed smoothly. This can further prevent the filter medium from flowing out.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】本発明の重力式濾過装置によれば、濾過
室の原水の水位を下げるときの濾材層における水の流れ
は濾過行程の時と同じ下向流であり、濾過室内には水吸
込口が位置していないから、濾過室の原水の水位を下げ
るときに濾材が流出するのを完全に防止できる。また、
濾過室内にサイフォンがないため、洗浄水の偏流を防止
できることから、水洗浄行程中の濾材の流出を防止でき
る。According to the gravity type filtration device of the present invention, the flow of water in the filter medium layer when lowering the water level of the raw water in the filtration chamber is the same as the downward flow in the filtration process, and the water in the filtration chamber is Since the suction port is not located, it is possible to completely prevent the filter medium from flowing out when lowering the water level of the raw water in the filtration chamber. Also,
Since there is no siphon in the filtration chamber, it is possible to prevent uneven flow of wash water, and thus prevent the filter medium from flowing out during the water washing process.
【図１】本発明の一実施形態の濾過装置を示す構成図で
ある。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１の濾過装置の濾過池水位の変化と各行程の
関係を示すタイムチャートである。FIG. 2 is a time chart showing the relationship between changes in the water level of the filtration basin and each stroke of the filtration device of FIG.
【図３】図１の濾過装置の濾過行程の説明図である。3 is an explanatory view of a filtration process of the filtration device of FIG. 1. FIG.
【図４】図１の濾過装置の濾過行程終了時の説明図であ
る。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram at the end of the filtration process of the filtration device of FIG.
【図５】図１の濾過装置の濾過池内原水排水行程の説明
図である。5 is an explanatory view of a raw water drainage process in a filtration pond of the filtration device of FIG. 1. FIG.
【図６】図１の濾過装置の濾過池内原水排水行程終了時
の説明図である。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram at the end of the raw water drainage process in the filtration pond of the filtration device of FIG. 1.
【図７】図１の濾過装置の空気洗浄行程の説明図であ
る。FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of an air cleaning process of the filtration device of FIG.
【図８】図１の濾過装置の空水逆洗行程の説明図であ
る。FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an air-water backwashing process of the filtration device of FIG. 1.
【図９】図１の濾過装置の水逆洗行程の説明図である。9 is an explanatory diagram of a water backwashing process of the filtration device of FIG. 1. FIG.
【図１０】図１の濾過装置の浄水空封トラップの構成図
である。10 is a configuration diagram of a purified water sealed trap of the filtration device of FIG. 1. FIG.
【図１１】図１の濾過装置の逆洗後捨水行程（貯水状
態）の説明図である。11 is an explanatory diagram of a drainage process (water storage state) after backwashing of the filtration device of FIG.
【図１２】図１の濾過装置の逆洗後捨水行程（捨水状
態）の説明図である。FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a drainage process (backwater state) after backwashing of the filtration device of FIG. 1.
【図１３】従来の濾過装置の要部説明図である。FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of a main part of a conventional filtration device.
１００，５００：濾過装置 １：濾過池 １ａ：原水排水室 ２ｐ：第１原水渠 ２ｓ：第２原水渠 ３：原水空封トラップ ４：原水空封トラップ排気弁 ５：原水空封トラップ給気弁 ６：原水流入堰 ７：原水流入渠 ８：原水流入管 ９：濾過室 １０：排水トラフ １１：濾材層 １２：空洗ノズル １３：集水室 １４：集水渠 １５：逆洗水流入堰 １６，１６−１，１６−２，１６−３，１６−４：浄水
空封トラップ １７，１７−１，１７−２，１７−３，１７−４：浄水
空封トラップ排気弁 １８：浄水空封トラップ給気弁 １９：浄水止水壁 ２０：浄水渠 ２１：浄水流出堰 ２２：浄水貯留渠 ２３：空洗空気供給室 ２４：濾過室内捨水渠 ２５：濾過室内捨水堰 ２６：濾過池内排水サイフォン ２７：濾過池内排水サイフォン排気弁 ２８：排水水封渠 ２９：濾過室内捨水サイフォン ３０：濾過室内捨水サイフォン排気弁 ３１：空洗ブロワー ３２：圧縮空気源 ３３：排水渠 ３３ａ：排水堰100,500: Filtration device 1: Filtration basin 1a: Raw water drainage chamber 2p: First raw water drainage 2s: Second raw water drainage 3: Raw water empty trap trap 4: Raw water empty trap trap exhaust valve 5: Raw water empty trap air supply valve 6: Raw water inflow weir 7: Raw water inflow basin 8: Raw water inflow pipe 9: Filtration chamber 10: Drainage trough 11: Filter material layer 12: Washing nozzle 13: Water collection chamber 14: Water collection basin 15: Backwash water inflow weir 16, 16-1, 16-2, 16-3, 16-4: Purified water blank trap 17,17-1, 17-2, 17-3, 17-4: Purified water trap trap Exhaust valve 18: Purified water blank trap Air supply valve 19: Purified water stop wall 20: Purified water culvert 21: Purified water outflow weir 22: Purified water storage culvert 23: Washing air supply chamber 24: Filtration indoor drainage basin 25: Filtration indoor drainage weir 26: Filtration pond drainage siphon 27 : Drainage siphon exhaust valve in filtration pond 28: Drainage water seal 29: filter chamber water discard siphon 30: filter chamber water discard siphon exhaust valve 31: Soraarai Blower 32: compressed air source 33: Drainage culvert 33a: drainage weir
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 田口 克二 東京都世田谷区桜丘５−48−16 水道機工 株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Katsuji Taguchi 5-48-16 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo Suido Kiko Co., Ltd.
Claims (3)
で通過させて原水を濾過し、得られた浄水を浄水渠に溜
め、洗浄行程への移行時には、前記濾材層の上端の少し
上まで前記濾過室の原水の水位を下げ、洗浄行程では、
前記濾材層に空気を吹き込み、次に、前記浄水渠に溜め
た浄水を上向流で通過させて前記濾材層を洗浄する重力
式濾過装置において、 前記濾過室の下に設けられた集水室と、その集水室と前
記浄水渠とを連通または遮断しうる水路開閉手段と、前
記集水室と連通した捨水渠と、その捨水渠に溜まった水
を廃棄するための捨水手段と、前記濾過室の原水の水位
を下げるために前記濾過室への原水の供給を止めると共
に前記水路開閉手段により前記集水室と前記浄水渠を遮
断し且つ前記捨水手段により前記捨水渠に溜まった水を
廃棄する制御手段とを具備したことを特徴とする重力式
濾過装置。1. In the filtration step, the raw water is filtered by passing through the filter medium layer of the filtration chamber in a downward flow, the purified water obtained is stored in a clean water drain, and at the time of shifting to the cleaning process, the upper end of the filter medium layer is removed. Lower the water level of the raw water in the filtration chamber to a little higher level, and in the washing process,
In a gravity type filtration device for blowing air into the filter medium layer and then cleaning the filter medium layer by passing purified water accumulated in the water purification conduit in an upward flow, a water collecting chamber provided under the filter chamber. And a water channel opening / closing means capable of communicating or blocking the water collection chamber and the water purification conduit, a drainage conduit communicating with the water collection chamber, and a drainage means for discarding water accumulated in the drainage conduit, In order to lower the water level of the raw water in the filtration chamber, the supply of the raw water to the filtration chamber is stopped, and the water collection chamber and the clean water drain are shut off by the water channel opening / closing means and accumulated in the waste water drain by the water draining means. A gravity type filtration device comprising: a control means for discarding water.
で通過させて原水を濾過し、得られた浄水を浄水渠に溜
め、洗浄行程への移行時には、前記濾材層の上端の少し
上まで前記濾過室の原水の水位を下げ、洗浄行程では、
前記濾材層に空気を吹き込み、次に、前記浄水渠に溜め
た浄水を上向流で通過させて前記濾材層を洗浄する重力
式濾過装置において、 前記濾過室の下に設けられた集水室と、その集水室と前
記浄水渠とを連通または遮断しうる水路開閉手段と、前
記集水室と連通した捨水渠と、その捨水渠に溜まった水
を廃棄するための捨水手段とを具備し、前記濾過室への
原水の供給を止めると共に前記水路開閉手段により前記
集水室と前記浄水渠を遮断し且つ前記捨水手段により前
記捨水渠に溜まった水を廃棄することにより前記濾過室
の原水の水位を下げうるようにしたことを特徴とする重
力式濾過装置。2. In the filtration step, the raw water is filtered by passing through the filter medium layer in the filtration chamber in a downward flow, and the obtained purified water is stored in a clean water culvert. Lower the water level of the raw water in the filtration chamber to a little higher level, and in the washing process,
In a gravity type filtration device for blowing air into the filter medium layer and then cleaning the filter medium layer by passing purified water accumulated in the water purification conduit in an upward flow, a water collecting chamber provided under the filter chamber. And a water channel opening / closing means capable of communicating or blocking the water collecting chamber and the purified water drainage, a drainage drainage communicating with the water collection drainage, and a drainage means for discarding water collected in the drainage drain. Comprising, by stopping the supply of raw water to the filtration chamber, by blocking the water collection chamber and the water purification channel by the water channel opening and closing means, and discarding the water accumulated in the drainage channel by the water draining means, the filtration A gravity type filtration device characterized in that the water level of raw water in a room can be lowered.
濾過装置において、前記濾過層を洗浄した水を前記濾過
室外で溜める排水室と、その排水室に溜まった水を廃棄
するための排水サイフォンとをさらに具備したことを特
徴とする重力式濾過装置。3. The gravity-type filtration device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a drainage chamber for collecting the water for cleaning the filtration layer outside the filtration chamber and a drainage chamber for discarding the water accumulated in the drainage chamber. A gravity-type filtration device further comprising a drainage siphon.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8091101A JP3005846B2 (en) | 1996-04-12 | 1996-04-12 | Gravity filtration device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8091101A JP3005846B2 (en) | 1996-04-12 | 1996-04-12 | Gravity filtration device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09276608A true JPH09276608A (en) | 1997-10-28 |
| JP3005846B2 JP3005846B2 (en) | 2000-02-07 |
Family
ID=14017141
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8091101A Expired - Lifetime JP3005846B2 (en) | 1996-04-12 | 1996-04-12 | Gravity filtration device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3005846B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013230412A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-11-14 | Swing Corp | Desalting apparatus, and desalting method |
| CN111420448A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-17 | 河南上善科技有限公司 | Integrated full-automatic sewage collecting and filtering system |
-
1996
- 1996-04-12 JP JP8091101A patent/JP3005846B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013230412A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-11-14 | Swing Corp | Desalting apparatus, and desalting method |
| CN111420448A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-17 | 河南上善科技有限公司 | Integrated full-automatic sewage collecting and filtering system |
| CN111420448B (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2024-04-26 | 上海庖钵智能科技有限公司 | Integrated full-automatic sewage collecting and filtering system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3005846B2 (en) | 2000-02-07 |
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