JPH09268872A - Construction method of shaft, and cutting edge having cutting blade - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To economically and efficiently build a shaft by making use of collapse of the soil below a cutting edge in the inward of the cutting edge. SOLUTION: A frame-shaped cutting edge 2 is arranged below an open caisson 1 which is formed frame-shaped, and the earth inward of the cutting edge 2 is bored by a boring machine 5 to settle the open caisson 1 together with the cutting edge 2. A cutting blade 3 to loosen the earth below the cutting edge 2 by rotation is provided on the cutting edge 2, and the open caisson 1 is settled together with the cutting edge 2 making use of the collapse of the loosened earth by the cutting blade 3 below the cutting edge.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an open caisson method for constructing a shaft by a propulsion method, and in particular, a shaft building method and a cutting blade with which a safety can be ensured in high-depth excavation. Regarding the blade.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a conventional method of constructing a vertical shaft by an open caisson method is to form a frame on the lower side of an open caisson 1 formed in a rectangular frame. A method is used in which the blade opening 2 is arranged and the ground inside the blade opening 2 is excavated by, for example, a backhoe (excavator) 5 of a power shovel to sink the open caisson 1 together with the blade opening 2 by its own weight. However, since the ground below the blade edge 2 remains, the blade edge 2 and the open caisson 1 may not sink. In this case, the worker removes the ground below the blade 2 with a scoop or the like.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
Not only is it difficult to excavate the ground below, but there is a danger that the blade tip 2 and the open caisson 1 will suddenly sink when this ground is removed. For this reason, it has been difficult to remove the ground below the blade edge 2 safely and reliably by human power. Furthermore, when excavating the inside of the blade 2 with the backhoe 5, for safety reasons, the worker must be evacuated to the ground, so by the time one shaft is completed, the worker must be between the inside and the ground. It has to be repeated up and down many times. Therefore, the actual work time of the worker is short and the labor cost is not economical.

Further, the open caisson 1 has a drawback that it may tilt and sink, and in that case, it is difficult to correct the tilt, and a solution thereof has been desired.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a method of constructing a vertical shaft and a cutting edge with a cutting blade capable of economically and efficiently constructing a vertical shaft. Especially.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 arranges a frame-shaped blade opening under the frame-shaped open caisson, and A method of constructing a vertical shaft for sinking an open caisson together with a blade mouth by excavating the ground inside the mouth with an excavator, wherein the blade mouth has a cutting blade that loosens the ground below the blade mouth by rotating. It is provided and is constructed by the method of constructing a vertical shaft characterized by sinking the open caisson together with the blade mouth by utilizing that the ground below the blade mouth loosened by the cutting blade collapses inside the blade mouth. .

According to the second aspect of the invention, a frame-shaped blade opening is provided below the frame-shaped open caisson, and the blade is provided at the blade opening. By comprising a cutting blade for loosening the ground below the blade mouth by excavating the ground inside the blade mouth with an excavator, the ground below the blade mouth loosened by the cutting blade is inside the blade mouth The open caisson is guided so as to sink by the collapsed amount.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the second aspect, a plurality of cutting blades that are rotationally driven independently are provided, and the sinking direction can be adjusted by the position of the rotationally driving cutting blades. It is characterized by having done.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the invention according to the second or third aspect, the cutting blade is configured to be capable of being split and recovered from the lower side of the open caisson in a state of being submerged to a predetermined depth. It is characterized by that.

In the invention according to claim 1, when the blade opening and the open caisson sink into the ground, a blade edge resistance force is generated at the blade opening and a peripheral frictional force is generated at the blade opening and the open caisson. Occurs. Therefore,
To sink the blade and open caisson into the ground,
The total edge resistance and peripheral frictional force must be less than the total weight of the cutting edge and open caisson.

The above-mentioned peripheral frictional force can be solved by injecting an antifriction material aggregate between the ground and the cutting edge and between the ground and the open caisson.

Further, the cutting edge resistance can be solved by a cutting blade. That is, that is, as the cutting blade rotates, the ground below the blade opening is loosened, so that the resistance of the blade opening sinking decreases. Moreover, by excavating the ground inside the blade mouth with an excavator, the loosened ground below the blade mouth will collapse to the inside of the blade mouth, so the blade tip resistance when the blade mouth sinks downward is It will be extremely small.

As described above, the excavator excavates the ground on the inner side of the blade edge to allow the blade edge and the open caisson to sink smoothly, and there is no need for workers to enter the mine and work. Therefore, the safety is increased, and the construction period and the construction cost can be further reduced. That is, the shaft can be constructed economically and efficiently.

By rotating the cutting blade,
Since the ground below the blade can be loosened almost uniformly,
The blade and open caisson will sink without tilting.

The invention according to claim 2 has the same operation as the invention according to claim 1.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, even if the blade and the open caisson are inclined due to differences in soil properties, the blade and the open caisson are adjusted by the cutting blade to adjust the loosening position of the ground below. The inclination of the caisson can be easily corrected.

In the invention according to claim 4, since the cutting blade can be divided and collected, the cost for constructing the shaft can be reduced. Further, when disassembling and collecting the cutting blade, it is necessary to install a means for preventing the blade edge and the open caisson from sinking. Since the ground is unraveled by the cutting blade, the cutting blade can be easily taken out from the ground below the blade mouth to the inside of the blade mouth. Further, the cutting blade may be moved to the inside of the blade opening by the rotational force of the cutting blade itself.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes an open caisson, which is made of reinforced concrete and has a rectangular frame shape. Below the open caisson 1, a rectangular frame-shaped blade 2 is provided. As shown in FIG. 3, a concave portion 2 a for holding the lower end portion of the open caisson 1 is formed at the upper end portion of the blade opening 2. At the lower end of the blade opening 2, a cutting blade 3 and an electric motor 4 that rotationally drives the cutting blade 3 are provided on each of the side portions 2b and 2d.

The cutting blade 3 is formed by spirally winding a lead plate 3b around a main shaft 3a. The lead plates 3b located on the left and right sides of the electric motor 4 are arranged such that the winding directions thereof are opposite to each other. That is, the cutting blades 3 located on the left and right of the electric motor 4 rotate in the same direction by the electric motor 4, but the directions of the thrusts generated by the lead plates 3b are opposite to each other, so that these thrusts are always balanced. Has become. In addition, the direction in which the cutting blade 3 is rotated by the electric motor 4 is a direction in which the lower portion of the lead plate 3b is directed from the outside of the blade opening 2 to the inside thereof. That is, the cutting blade 3 is adapted to rotate in the direction in which the lower ground of the blade mouth 2 is moved from the outer side to the inner side of the blade mouth 2.

The cutting blade 3 and the electric motor 4 are
In the state where the blade edge 2 is submerged to a predetermined depth, the blade edge 2
It can be divided and collected from the bottom side. Then, in FIG. 4, each cutting blade 3 arranged on the pair of side portions 2b, 2b of the blade mouth 2 extends to the end 2c of the side portion 2b, and the other set of side portions 2d. The cutting blades 3 arranged in 2d extend to the vicinity of the cutting blades 3 arranged in the side portion 2b. Therefore, each of the cutting blades 3 is configured to be able to loosen the entire ground below the blade opening 2, and the cutting blade 3 and the electric motor 4 arranged on the other side portion 2d are connected to each other. If you remove it by sliding it inside,
Cutting blade 3 and electric motor 4 arranged on one side 2b
Also, the blade can be removed by shifting it inside the blade opening 2.

In order to construct a vertical shaft using the blade mouth with a cutting blade constructed as described above, the lower end of the open caisson 1 is fitted into the recess 2a of the blade mouth 2, and The inside is pre-excavated by the backhoe (excavator) 5 of the power shovel. Then, as shown in FIG. 1, when the cutting blade 3 is rotationally driven by the electric motor 4, the ground below the blade mouth 2 is unraveled, and the unraveled ground collapses into the concave portion previously excavated. That is, the ground below the blade edge 2 is
While being unraveled by the cutting blade 3, it collapses as if it is scraped out inside the blade opening 2. Then, the blade opening 2 and the open caisson 1 sink due to their own weight as much as the ground below the blade opening 2 is scraped out inside the blade opening 2.

For this reason, only by digging the ground inside the blade 2 with the backhoe 5, the blade 2 and the open caisson 1
Can be continuously sunk and there is no need for workers to enter the mine to perform work, so that it is possible to improve safety, shorten the construction period, and reduce construction costs. That is, the shaft can be constructed economically and efficiently. Further, since the cutting blade 3 is composed of the lead plate 3b wound in a spiral shape, it is possible to prevent the ground from being unraveled due to the clogging of earth and sand.

Further, by rotating the cutting blade 3, the ground below the blade opening 2 can be loosened almost uniformly, so that the blade opening 2 and the open caisson 1 will sink without tilting. And even if the blade 2 and the open caisson 1 are inclined due to differences in soil quality,
The inclination of the blade opening 2 and the open caisson 1 can be easily corrected by adjusting the loosening position of the ground below the blade opening 2 with the cutting blade 3.

Further, in order to disassemble and collect the cutting blade 3 and the electric motor 4, first, for example, a stopper is applied to one side 2b, 2b of the blade opening 2 to lower the blade opening 2 and the open caisson 1. The cutting blade 3 and the electric motor 4 are removed from the other side portions 2d and 2d after they are prevented from sinking further. At this time, since the ground below the blade opening 2 is in a state of being unraveled by the cutting blade 3, the cutting blade 3 and the electric motor 4 can be easily pulled out from the ground below the blade opening 2 to the inside of the blade opening 2. it can. Then, the cutting blade 3 and the electric motor 4 can be taken out of the pit by the backhoe 5, as shown in FIG. Next, after applying a stopper to the lower side portions 2d, 2d of the blade mouth 2, the cutting blade 3 and the electric motor 4 are removed from the one side portions 2b, 2b. At this time, since the cutting blades 3 and the electric motors 4 arranged on the other side portions 2d and 2d are already removed, the cutting blades 3 and the electric motor 4 arranged on the one side 2b and 2b are removed. Can be easily removed.

Further, when the cutting blade 3 and the electric motor 4 are taken out from the lower side of the blade opening 2, the cutting blade 3 and the electric motor 4 are restrained by a restraining means such as a bolt attached to the blade opening 2. Alternatively, the electric motor 4 may be rotated in the direction opposite to that when the open caisson 1 is being sunk. That is, by reversing the electric motor 4, the cutting blade 3 and the electric motor 4 are moved to the blade opening 2.
It can come out from the lower ground of the inside of the blade edge 2 by itself.

Since the cutting blade 3 and the electric motor 4 can be recovered as described above, the cost for constructing a vertical shaft can be reduced.

In the above embodiment, the spindle 3
Although the cutting blade 3 is configured by winding the lead plate 3b around a, the cutting blade 3 may be configured by providing a pin, a disk, or the like around the main shaft so as to project in the radial direction. Also, the open caisson 1 consisted of one,
It may be configured to be stacked in a plurality of stages.

[0029]

According to the first aspect of the invention, since the ground below the blade opening can be loosened by rotating the cutting blade, it is possible to reduce the resistance of the blade opening to sink downward. Moreover, by excavating the ground on the inside of the blade with an excavator, the ground loosened below the blade will collapse to the inside of the blade, so the blade tip resistance when the blade sinks downwards. It can be extremely small.

Therefore, only by excavating the ground inside the blade mouth with an excavator, the blade mouth and the open caisson can be subsided smoothly, and there is no need for an operator to enter the mine and work. It is possible to reduce the construction period and the construction cost. That is, the shaft can be constructed economically and efficiently.

By rotating the cutting blade,
Since the ground below the blade can be loosened almost uniformly,
It is possible to prevent the blade edge and the open caisson from tilting when sinking.

The invention according to claim 2 has the same effect as that of the invention according to claim 1.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, even if the blade and the open caisson are inclined due to differences in soil properties, etc., the blade and the open caisson are adjusted by the cutting blade to adjust the loosening position of the ground below the blade. The inclination of the caisson can be easily corrected.

In the invention according to claim 4, since the cutting blade can be divided and collected, the cost for constructing the shaft can be reduced. Moreover, since the ground is unraveled by the cutting blade, the cutting blade can be easily taken out from the ground below the blade mouth to the inside of the blade mouth. Further, the cutting blade can be moved to the inside of the blade opening by the rotational force of the cutting blade itself.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a method for constructing a vertical shaft shown as an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a cutting blade is recovered from a vertical shaft in the method of constructing the vertical shaft.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a blade mouth with a cutting blade used in the method of constructing the vertical shaft.

FIG. 4 is a bottom view showing the blade mouth with the cutting blade.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a method of constructing a vertical shaft shown as a conventional example.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where an operator removes the ground below the blade in the method of constructing the vertical shaft.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Open caisson 2 Cutting edge 3 Cutting blade 4 Electric motor 5 Excavator (backhoe)

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiyasu Yoshikawa, 4-13-13 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Kyowa Exio Co., Ltd. (72) Hideaki Suzuki 4--13-13, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Within Kyowa Exio

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A frame-shaped blade opening is arranged below a frame-shaped open caisson, and the ground inside the blade opening is excavated by an excavator to sink the open caisson together with the blade opening. A method of constructing a vertical shaft, wherein the blade mouth is provided with a cutting blade that loosens the lower ground of the blade mouth by rotationally driving, and the lower ground of the blade mouth loosened by the cutting blade is A vertical shaft construction method characterized by sinking the open caisson together with the cutting edge by utilizing the collapse of the inside. 2. A frame-shaped blade opening arranged below the frame-shaped open caisson, and a blade opening provided at this blade opening, whereby the lower ground of the blade opening is rotated. It comprises a loosening cutting blade, by excavating the ground inside the blade mouth with an excavator, the lower ground of the blade mouth loosened by the cutting blade collapses inside the blade mouth, and only this collapsed amount A cutting edge with a cutting blade, which guides the open caisson so as to sink it. 3. The cutting blade according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of cutting blades that are independently driven to rotate are provided, and the sinking direction is adjustable depending on the position of the rotationally driven cutting blade. Blade. 4. The cutting blade is configured such that it can be separated and collected from the lower side of the open caisson in a state where the cutting blade sinks to a predetermined depth.
Cutting edge with the cutting blade described.