JPH09268091A - Fibrous material molding apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fibrous material molding apparatus of a simple structure, capable of molding even a high-viscosity fibrous material into uniform length. SOLUTION: This fibrous material molding apparatus comprises a screw 3 for sending a fibrous material comprising a fibrous substance such as old paper as a main raw material to the end part of a casing 2 while pressurizing and kneading, a molding and delivering member 6 having a delivering hole 7 which is attached to the end of the casing 2, molding the fibrous material sent out by the screw 3 into a fixed shape and delivering the molded material and an inner cutter 4 revolving around a revolving shaft along the inside surface of the molding and delivering member. The apparatus is equipped with an outer cutter 5 revolving around the revolving shaft, along the outer surface of the molding and delivering member 6, synchronously with the inner cutter 4. The inner and the outer cutters have each the same number of blades of one or more and the blades of the outer cutter are arranged so as to be rotated with keeping a fixed phase difference from the corresponding blades of the inner cutter.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fibrous material molding apparatus for molding a fibrous material, such as waste paper, whose main raw material is fibrous material, to a desired length, and particularly to a cushioning material or compost. The present invention relates to a fibrous material forming apparatus which is widely used for producing agricultural fertilizers or absorbents / fertilizers, nursery materials, and culture media for growing agricultural products such as seedlings for mushroom cultivation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, recycled paper has been widely used for the purpose of protecting nature. However, recycled paper is mostly used for recycling, and new paper is used to improve the reuse ratio of recycled paper. It is desired to develop various applications. As one of the methods, its use for compost in the agricultural field has been tried. For example, a linear regenerated pulp obtained by defibrating waste paper with a dry defibration device, after mixing to a suitable water content with organic industrial waste discharged from plant residues and food factories, formed into pellets, A method of fermenting these to produce compost can be mentioned.

Further, a small amount of an adhesive or the like is added to the above pulp to form a pellet while water is supplied so as to have an appropriate water content, and then a pellet is formed into an arbitrary shape and dried to serve as a cushioning material. The method to use is mentioned.

In the above-mentioned fibrous material forming apparatus, the fibrous material is fed to the casing tip end portion while being pressed, compressed and kneaded by the feeding action of the rotary screw provided in the cylindrical casing, and is fed to the casing tip end portion. A molding device for discharging while being molded into a pellet from the discharge hole of the attached molding and discharging member can be used.

When the fibrous material is molded only from pulp and water in order to mold the fertilizer-absorbing material and the fertilizer-retaining material with the above-mentioned fibrous material molding apparatus, the molding target discharged from the discharge holes of the molding discharge member is formed. Since the viscosity of the product is small, it will be torn by its own weight without an outer cutter, resulting in a pellet-shaped molded product of an appropriate length. Further, even when pulp and plant residues having a low viscosity are mixed and molded to produce a compost raw material, the viscosity of the mixture itself is small, and thus a uniform molded product having an appropriate length is similarly obtained.

However, in the case of producing a pellet-shaped molded product of a fibrous material to which a small amount of an adhesive such as organic industrial waste or starch paste is added by the above-mentioned fibrous material molding device, a screw is formed in the molding target. If it contains a material that cannot be sufficiently destroyed by only the compression action by the above, the discharge hole 7 of the molding discharge member 6 may be clogged, the fibrous material is not discharged smoothly, and the object to be molded is Because of its high viscosity, the object to be molded does not tear off by its own weight even if it is discharged from the discharge hole of the molding discharge member. Therefore, a fibrous material molding apparatus as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has been used. FIG. 3 is a front view of a conventional fibrous material molding apparatus, and FIG. 4 is a YY sectional view thereof. That is, in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, 1 is a raw material inlet, 2 is a casing, 3 is a rotary screw provided in the casing, 4 is an inner cutter, and 6 is a fibrous material discharged by the rotary screw. A molding and discharging member, 7 is a discharging hole provided in the molding and discharging member for molding and discharging a fibrous material, 15
Is an outer cutter, and M is a drive source for the outer cutter.

According to this fibrous material forming apparatus, the inner cutter 4 can cut and crush the material that causes the clogging, so that the clogging can be prevented. Further, since the outer cutter 15 is provided, the fibrous material discharged by the screw 3 and discharged from the molding and discharging member 6 can be cut off by the outer cutter 15.

The inner cutter 4 is attached to a tip 8a of a rotary shaft 8 of a screw, and is composed of two blades 4a and 4b linearly provided with the tip 8a as a center. In this case, discharge is performed every time the fibrous material clogged in the discharge hole 7 of the molding discharge member 6 is cut off by the blades 4a and 4b of the inner cutter, that is, every rotation phase π of the inner cutter.

On the other hand, the outer cutter 15 is driven by a drive source M different from the inner cutter 4 and is attached to the drive shaft Ma, and two blades 15a and 15b are attached linearly around the drive shaft Ma. And is rotated asynchronously with the inner cutter 4. Therefore, first, only the fibrous material discharged from the discharge hole 7a is considered, and for example, the inner cutter 4 rotates in the direction of arrow A and the outer cutter 15 rotates in the direction of arrow B, and the rotation speed of the inner cutter 4 is increased. Assuming that ω _{1 and the} outer cutter 15 rotate at the rotation speed ω ₂ , a rotation phase difference of ω ₁ −ω ₂ occurs every unit time. Therefore, even if the outer cutter 15 and the inner cutter 4 start with the rotational phase difference of θ at the beginning,
₁ - [omega] rotational phase difference of ₂ increases for each time the inner cutter 4 is a half turn _{(i.e., π / ω 1), (} ω 1 -ω 2) × π / ω 1 = π (1-ω 2 / ω ₁ ) The rotational phase difference increases. Therefore, the inner cutter 4
The time from when the fibrous material clogged in the discharge hole 7a is cut to when the outer cutter 15 reaches the discharge hole 7a varies, and the discharge length of the fibrous material cut by the outer cutter 15 is half each. The size of the pellet-shaped molded product becomes non-uniform because it changes with each rotation.

If the angular velocities are made equal and the outer cutter also makes one revolution every time the inner cutter 4 makes one revolution, for example, after the inner cutter 4 cuts out the fibrous material clogged in the discharge hole 7a, The time until the outer cutter 5 reaches the discharge hole 7a can be made equal, but the time difference of reaching the other discharge holes 7b ... 7g, 7h ... The discharge lengths of are different.

When a cushioning material is produced using such a non-uniform molded product, the cushioning material has poor transportability to the molding die, making it difficult to supply a fixed amount, and further, the filling rate into the molding die is poor. There is a problem that a cushioning material molded article having an appropriate strength cannot be obtained. Further, when composting the fibrous material formed by this apparatus, there is a problem that a homogeneous fermented compost cannot be obtained because the fermentation time is different due to the nonuniform length.

The rotating shaft 15c of the outer cutter 15 is located outside the molding and discharging member 6, and the blade 15 of the outer cutter 15 is provided.
When attempting to rotate the a and 15b along the outer surface of the molding and discharging member 6, there is a risk that the blades 15a and 15b may hit the molding and discharging member 6 and be damaged, so a slight gap is provided between them. Therefore, there is a problem that the cutting function of the outer cutter is not fully exerted. Further, in the conventional fibrous material molding apparatus, since a power source different from the inner cutter 4 is required as the drive source M of the outer cutter, the apparatus becomes complicated and large-scale, and maintenance is troublesome. There is also.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the present invention according to claim 1 can be applied to a fibrous material having a high viscosity depending on the purpose of use. An object of the present invention is to provide a fibrous material molding apparatus that can be uniformly molded to an appropriate length and that has a simple structure.

In addition to the problem of the invention of claim 1, the invention of claim 2 has a short time for the blade of the outer cutter to cross the discharge hole, which may hinder the discharge of the fibrous material. An object of the present invention is to provide a molding apparatus for fibrous materials that does not have a fiber material.

Further, in addition to the problems of the inventions of claims 1 and 2, the invention of claim 3 is a fibrous material molding apparatus in which the outer cutter is not damaged even if the molding discharge member is bent because of high discharge resistance. The challenge is to provide.

[0016]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the fibrous material molding apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention is a fibrous material mainly made of fibrous material such as waste paper. A casing having a raw material feeding port, a screw provided in the casing for feeding the fibrous material fed from the raw material feeding port to the tip side of the casing while pressing and kneading, and attached to the tip of the casing ring And a molding discharge member having a discharge hole for molding and discharging the fibrous material discharged by the screw into a predetermined shape, and a screw support that is provided at the center of the molding discharge member and rotatably supports the tip of the rotation shaft of the screw. A fibrous material molding apparatus comprising: a member; and an inner cutter that rotates around the rotation axis along an inner surface of the molding and discharging member. An outer cutter that rotates in synchronism with the inner cutter around the rotation axis along the outer surface of the molding discharge member is provided, and the inner cutter and the outer cutter each have a corresponding one or more blades. The blade of the outer cutter is arranged so as to rotate while maintaining a predetermined phase difference with the corresponding blade of the inner cutter.

Since the inner cutter and the outer cutter have the same number of blades and the corresponding blades rotate synchronously while holding a predetermined phase difference, the fibrous material which is about to be clogged in the ejection hole of the molding and ejection member. When the inner cutter cuts, the fibrous material is extruded from the discharge hole, and the outer cutter cuts when the amount of extrusion reaches a predetermined amount corresponding to the phase difference between the inner and outer cutters, so the pellet length is uniform. Can be This also applies to all other discharge holes. Further, since the outer cutter rotates along the outer surface of the molding and discharging member, the cutting is surely performed.

According to a second aspect of the invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the width of the blade of the outer cutter is not less than the diameter of the discharge hole and not more than twice the diameter.
If it is less than the diameter of the discharge hole, the blade of the outer cutter may contact and bond again at the beginning of cutting before cutting off the fibrous material, and if it exceeds 2 times, the time for the outer cutter to cross the discharge hole becomes longer. When the number of blades is large, the discharge of the fibrous material to be discharged next may be interrupted.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first and second aspects of the present invention, a biasing means is provided at the tip of the rotary shaft for biasing the outer cutter so as to be in close contact with the outer surface of the molding and discharging member. It is characterized by that. Since the outer cutter is biased by the biasing means so as to come into close contact with the molding discharge member, even if the internal pressure of the casing rises and the molding discharge member bends, the biasing means absorbs the flexure, so that the outer cutter is damaged. There is no such thing. Also, even if the outer cutter or the molding discharge member is worn, it is pressed by the biasing means,
A molded product of a fibrous material can be stably manufactured without generating a gap.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of an external cutter of a fibrous material molding apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 1 (a) is a front view, and FIG. 2 (b) is its YY sectional view. The fibrous material molding apparatus of FIG. 1 differs from the conventional fibrous material molding apparatus of FIGS. 3 and 4 in the attachment structure of the outer cutter, that is, the raw material inlet 1, the casing 2, the screw 3, and the inner cutter 4. The structure of the molding / discharging member 6, the discharging hole 7, the rotating shaft 8 of the screw, and the supporting member 9 for rotatably supporting the tip inner side 8a of the screw is the same as that of the conventional fibrous material molding device.

In this example, the inner cutter 4 is attached to the tip inner side 8a of the rotary shaft 8 of the screw, and is composed of two blades 4a and 4b linearly provided around the tip inner side 8a. Two blades 5 are attached to the outside 8b of the rotary shaft tip protruding from the molding discharge member 6 and are linearly provided around the outside 8b of the rotary shaft tip.
a and 5b, and the inner cutter 4 by the fixture 10
Is fixed to the outer side 8b of the tip of the rotary shaft so as to form a predetermined central angle θ. Twelve discharge holes 7 are provided at equal intervals on the circumference centered on the outer side 8b of the tip of the rotary shaft.

The fibrous material charged from the raw material charging port 1 is
Pressurized by the feeding action of the screw 3 along with the additives.
It is sent to the tip of the tubular casing 2 while being kneaded.
Further, it is sent to the plurality of discharge holes 7a, 7b ... 7g, 7h ... 7l of the molding discharge member 6 attached to the tip portion. Then, the sent fibrous material is discharged in a predetermined shape by the cutting effect of the inner cutter 4 attached to the inner side 8a of the tip end of the rotating shaft and rotating along the inner surface of the discharge molding member 6. Since the outer cutter 5 is attached to the same rotary shaft 8 as the inner cutter 4, the outer cutter 5 rotates synchronously and is fixed so as to form a predetermined central angle θ with the inner cutter 4. Is always delayed by a predetermined phase difference from the inner cutter 4 and is rotated in the same direction as indicated by arrows A and B.

In the above process, the fibrous material is uniformly mixed, the water content becomes uniform, and the fibrous material is discharged while solidifying by receiving a strong compressive force, and has a cross-sectional shape almost equal to the shape of the discharge hole 7. It is molded and discharged as a solid. And
Outer cutter 5 which rotates with a predetermined phase difference from inner cutter 4
Since it is cut by the blades 5a and 5b of, the pellet-shaped molded product having a uniform length can be obtained. Further, since the outer cutter 5 rotates along the outer surface of the molding and discharging member 6 and no gap is generated, the cutting is surely performed.

The fibrous material added with the organic substance containing the fertilizer component which has been molded and discharged as described above has an appropriate water content, and the additive is uniformly mixed with the fibers of the paper cotton, and has an appropriate length. Since the shapes are uniform, the time required for composting is short and a homogeneous compost can be obtained.

Further, since the fibrous material formed into a fine pellet having a diameter of 5 mm or less has a uniform shape, it has good transportability to the forming die when it is formed as a cushioning material and has a uniform length. Since the filling rate is improved, it is possible to make a cushioning material molded product having an appropriate strength.

In the above example, the number of blades of the inner cutter 4 and the outer cutter 5 is two, but the number of blades is formed to an appropriate length according to the purpose of use of the fibrous material molding. It may be selected as appropriate. However, the inner cutter 4 and the outer cutter 5 have the same number of blades, and the corresponding blades are arranged so as to rotate while holding a predetermined phase difference. Further, the number of the ejection holes 7 is not limited to 12 and an appropriate number may be selected. The larger the number, the better the production efficiency, but if the number is too large in relation to the width of the outer cutter blade, which will be described later, the probability that the discharge holes other than the discharge holes of the fibrous material to be cut will be increased.

If the blade width of the outer cutter 5 is too large, the discharge hole will be blocked, and discharge of the fibrous material will be inconvenient. Therefore, it is desirable that the width is not less than the diameter of the discharge hole and not more than twice. Regarding the cross-sectional shape, it is preferable that the edge of the cutter blade in the traveling direction be an acute angle, but the same effect can be obtained by simply forming the blade into a thin plate shape.

2A and 2B are views showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a front view and FIG. 2B is its A- line.
It is A sectional drawing. The difference from the example of FIG. 1 lies in the attachment mechanism of the outer cutter 5. That is, the outer cutter 5 is attached to the protruding portion 8b of the rotary shaft, and the spring 1 as the urging means is attached.
It is fixed by a fixing tool 10 via 1. Since the outer cutter 5 is biased by the spring 11 so as to come into close contact with the outer surface of the molding and discharging member 6, even if the molding and discharging member 6 is bent by the pressure of the fibrous material sent to the tip of the casing 2, the outer cutter 5 is There is no risk of the flexure being absorbed and the outer cutter being damaged. In addition, the outer cutter 5 and the molding discharge member 6
Even if the wear is caused by friction, since the spring 11 urges the gap, a gap is not generated, and therefore the cutting function of the outer cutter 5 is not deteriorated. Therefore, the cutting of the fibrous material discharged from the discharge hole 7 is smoothly performed. Can be done.

In the above example, the case where a spring is used as the urging member 11 has been described, but the urging member is not limited to this, and has the same function as the spring, such as rubber or foam. Any elastic body will do.

[0030]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the inner cutter and the outer cutter have the same number of blades, and the corresponding blades hold a predetermined phase difference. Since it rotates synchronously around the common axis, first the fibrous material that is about to be clogged in the discharge hole of the molding discharge member is cut by the inner cutter and pushed out from the discharge hole, and the amount of this extrusion becomes the phase difference between the inner and outer cutters. When it reaches a corresponding predetermined amount, it is cut by an outer cutter. Since this is performed in the same manner for all the ejection holes, a pellet-shaped molded product having a uniform shape and length can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to obtain homogeneous compost and a cushioning material having appropriate strength. Also,
Since the outer cutter rotates along the outer surface of the molding discharge member, the cutting is surely performed, and the homogeneity of the molded product is improved also on this surface. Further, since the outer cutter does not require a separate drive source, the structure is simple and can be provided at low cost.

According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, since the width of the blade of the outer cutter is selected to be not less than the diameter of the discharge hole and not more than twice, the fibrous material is used. There is no risk of being cut off and the outer cutter interrupting the discharge of the fibrous material, and there is an effect that the uniformity is further enhanced.

According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effects of the inventions of claims 1 and 2, since the outer cutter is biased by the biasing means so as to come into close contact with the molding discharge member, the internal pressure of the casing rises. Then, even if the molding discharge member is bent, the outer cutter is not damaged, and even if the outer cutter or the molding discharge member is worn, it is pressed by the biasing means, so that no gap is generated. Therefore, there is an effect that the homogeneity of the molded product of the fibrous material is further enhanced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of a fibrous material molding apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of another embodiment of the fibrous material molding apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a conventional fibrous material molding apparatus.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a conventional fibrous material molding apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Raw Material Input Port 2 Casing 3 Screw 4 Inner Cutter 5 Outer Cutter 6 Molding Discharge Member 7 Discharge Hole 8 Energizing Means (Spring)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A casing having a raw material input port for a fibrous material such as waste paper whose main raw material is fibrous material, and pressurizing / kneading the fibrous material input from the raw material input port provided in the casing. While the screw to be sent to the tip side of the casing, a molding discharge member having a discharge hole that is attached to the tip of the casing ring and discharges the fibrous material discharged by the screw into a predetermined shape and discharge, and the molding discharge member. Fibrous material molding apparatus provided with a screw support member provided at the center to rotatably support the tip of the rotary shaft of the screw, and an inner cutter that rotates around the rotary shaft along the inner surface of the molding discharge member. An outer cutter that rotates synchronously with the inner cutter around the rotation axis along the outer surface of the molding and discharging member. The inner cutter and the outer cutter each have the same number of blades corresponding to one or more, so that the blade of the outer cutter rotates while maintaining a predetermined phase difference from the corresponding blade of the inner cutter. The fibrous material molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous material molding apparatus is arranged. 2. The fiber material molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the width of the blade of the outer cutter is equal to or larger than the diameter of the discharge hole and equal to or smaller than twice the diameter of the discharge hole. 3. The fibrous material molding according to claim 1, wherein a biasing means for biasing the outer cutter so as to be in close contact with the outer surface of the molding and discharging member is provided at the tip of the rotary shaft. apparatus.