JPH09266759A - Heat treatment of food refuse and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide both a method for heat-treating a food refuse by which the food refuse is pulverized and the particle size thereof is regulated to a prescribed one or below, the resultant pulverized food refuse is then dried and carbonized to thereby improve and stabilize the quality and a compact pulverizer for exclusive use therefor can be installed to compact an apparatus and save energy, and the apparatus therefor. SOLUTION: This method for heat-treating a food refuse is to pulverize the food refuse and dry and carbonize the pulverized food refuse. The apparatus for heat-treating the food refuse comprises a pulverizer 10 for pulverizing the food refuse installed in the latter stage of a refuse hopper which is a refuse feeding part for feeding the food refuse that is a raw material and a heat- treating part for drying and carbonizing the food refuse in the latter stage of the pulverizer 10. In this case, the pulverizer 10 is a single roll mill and composed of a rotatable inner cylinder 36 having saw-toothed unevennesses 40 on the surface thereof and an outer cylinder 38 having a clearance 42 between the outer cylinder 38 and the inner cylinder 36 so as to pulverize the food refuse in the clearance 42.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to heat treatment of food meal such as soy sauce meal by heat-treating the food meal to obtain a product of excellent quality in a stable manner and making the apparatus compact. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When heat treating (drying and dry-distilling) various food meals such as soy sauce meal for the purpose of recovering valuable substances such as vinegar, the quality and yield of the obtained dry-distillate (vinegar solution) The shape of the food meal supplied to the device, especially the particle size of the food meal, was greatly influenced.

In the past, when heat treating (drying and carbonizing) various food meals such as soy sauce meal, there was no suitable crusher and the processing cost for crushing was high. Food meal was supplied as a raw material. Therefore, the product obtained by the heat treatment had unstable quality and poor yield.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 4-158866 describes that in an industrial waste treatment plant, a rolling hard ball is put inside a rotating drum in order to pulverize the treated material. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-298499 describes a method of adding a dehydrating desiccant to a water-containing waste and kneading it to dry the water-containing waste, and then pulverizing it.

[0005]

In order to industrially stably obtain a product of a certain quality by heat-treating (drying and carbonizing) various food meals such as soy sauce meal, the food meal is crushed (crushed). It is necessary to adjust the particle size to a certain size or less, but the crushers known so far require a device that is independent of the drying and carbonization processes, which increases the cost of the device. It was In addition, the power required for crushing was large, and it was not possible to efficiently and continuously crush the food meal. Moreover, the crusher could not be compactly incorporated into the heat treatment apparatus.

In the apparatus described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-158866, it is possible to perform pulverization at the same time as drying. Low efficiency is a problem, and downsizing of the device is difficult. Also, JP-A-62-298499
The method described in the publication requires a pulverizer that is independent of the dehydration desiccant added to the waste and the drying step, and thus has the problem of increasing the equipment cost and operating cost.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to grind (crush) food meal to reduce the particle size of the food meal to a certain particle size or less, and to dry and dry-distill the food meal. To improve and stabilize product quality, and
An object of the present invention is to provide a heat treatment method and a device for food meal, which is capable of achieving compactness and energy saving by installing a compact crusher (crusher) exclusively for food meal.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the heat treatment method for food meal of the present invention comprises crushing the food meal to reduce the particle size of the food meal and then drying and carbonizing the food meal. It is characterized by doing. Another method of the present invention is characterized in that the food meal is pulverized to have a particle size of the food meal of 3 mm or less, and then the food meal is dried and carbonized. In these methods, soy sauce meal can be used as the food meal.

In the heat treatment apparatus for food meal of the present invention, a crusher for crushing food meal is provided in the latter stage of the meal supplying section for supplying the food meal as a raw material, and the food meal is provided in the latter stage of this crusher. It is characterized by the provision of a heat treatment section for drying and carbonization. In the device of the present invention, the pulverizer is a single roll mill, and includes a rotatable inner cylinder having sawtooth-shaped irregularities on the surface, and an outer cylinder having a gap between the inner cylinder and the food in the gap. It is desirable to configure so that the meal can be ground. In the above device, the inner cylinder of the crusher is
The gap between the outer cylinder and the constant gap part is kept constant, and the enlarged part where the gap from the outer cylinder gradually increases is alternately overlapped with the end part. It is desirable to provide a surface that is substantially perpendicular to the tangential direction of the outer cylinder in the portion where the gap gradually increases.

In these devices, in order to supply only the food meal having a specific particle size or less to the heat treatment section, it is desirable to provide a mesh having a specified pore size on the meal outlet side of the crusher. In the above equipment, in order to supply only the food meal having a particle size of 3 mm or less to the heat treatment section, the hole diameter of the meal is 3
It is desirable to provide a mesh with a mesh opening of mm.
In the above apparatus, soy sauce meal can be used as the food meal, and the heat treatment section can be used as a drying apparatus and a carbonization apparatus for obtaining vinegar. If the particle size of the food meal exceeds 3 mm, the food meal may be partially carbonized during the heat treatment.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an example of a heat treatment apparatus for food meal according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, 10 is a crusher, and a drying device 12 and a carbonization device 11 are provided at the subsequent stage of the crusher 10. The food meal supplied to the meal hopper 14 which is a meal supply unit is sent to the crusher 10 by the supply screw 16 and crushed (crushed) in the crusher 10. The crushed (crushed) food meal is supplied to the inner cylinder 13 of the drying device 12 which is the heat treatment section in the latter stage, and the inner cylinder 1 of the drying device 12 is supplied.
After being dried in 3, the dried meal is discharged from the dried meal outlet 18. The dry gas is passed through the dry gas line 20 to the condenser 2
2 and is cooled in the condenser 22 to become condensed water.
The dried meal is supplied to a dried meal hopper 17 which is a dried meal supply unit, is supplied to an inner cylinder 21 which is a heat treatment section of the carbonization device 11 by a supply screw 19, is subjected to carbonization, and is then discharged from a carbonized carbon outlet 23. The dry distillation gas is sent to the condenser 27 through the dry distillation gas line 26, and is cooled in the condenser 27 to become a dry distillation liquid. The dry distillation liquid can be separated into vinegar and dry distillation oil by allowing to stand and separate. 15 is a casing of the drying device 12, 29 is a casing of the carbonization device 11, 24 and 28 are conveying screws, 50, 52, 54 and 56 are motors, 3
Reference numerals 0, 32, 55 and 57 are rotary valves, 34 is a hot air supply pipe, 60 is a combustion furnace, and 62 is a deodorizing furnace. The drying device 12 and the dry distillation device 11 may be, for example, a screw ribbon type dry device or a screw ribbon type dry distillation device, but it is of course possible to use other heat treatment devices.

Next, details of the crusher in the apparatus of the present invention will be described. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the crusher in the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the inner walls of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the crusher shown in FIG. 2 and 3, the crusher 10 is a single roll mill, and the rotatable inner cylinder 3 having sawtooth-shaped irregularities 40 on the surface thereof.
6 and an outer cylinder 38 having a gap 42 between the inner cylinder 36 and the inner cylinder 36. As shown in FIG. 3, on the outer circumference of the inner cylinder 36,
A constant gap portion 42a in which the gap 42 between the inner wall of the outer cylinder 38 is kept constant and a gap enlarged portion 42b in which the gap 42 from the outer cylinder 38 gradually increases are provided by alternately superposing their ends. A surface 44 that is substantially perpendicular to the tangential direction of the outer cylinder 38 is provided at one end of the gap expansion portion 42b. In the gap 42 between the inner cylinder 36 that rotates counterclockwise and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (casing) 38, the flake-shaped food meal is ground, and becomes a powder having a particle size of a predetermined value or less.
In this case, the substantially vertical surface 44 functions as an edge, and the food meal is efficiently ground. As shown in FIG. 2, the crusher 1
A mesh 48 having a specified hole diameter is provided on the 0-meal outlet 46 side. As the mesh 48, for example,
Although a metal mesh can be used, it is of course possible to use a metal mesh other than the above, for example, a synthetic resin mesh.
By the mesh 48, only the food meal having a specific particle size or less is supplied to the drying device 12 and the carbonization device 11. 41 is a rotating shaft.

It is also possible to grind the food meal by providing sawtooth-shaped irregularities on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 38. It is also possible to set the crushing (grinding) conditions according to the properties of the food waste by adjusting the rotation speed and rotation direction of the inner cylinder 36 arbitrarily. Further, in the sectional view of FIG. 3, the substantially vertical surface 44 is the inner cylinder 36.
There will be eight in total, but any number can be used depending on the properties of the food meal.

[0014]

EXAMPLES Preferred examples of the present invention and comparative examples thereof will be described below. Example 1 Soy sauce meal was used as the food meal, and this was ground using a crusher as shown in FIGS. In the present embodiment, the gap a of the constant gap portion 42a between the inner cylinder 36 and the outer cylinder 38 of the crusher 10 is 2.7 mm (see FIG. 3), and the soy sauce cake rotates in the counterclockwise direction. It is ground between the cylinder 36 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 38. Of the ground soy sauce cake, the cake outlet 4
Only those having a particle diameter of 3 mm or less that have passed through the metal mesh 48 having an opening with a hole diameter of 3 mm provided on the 6 side are supplied to the screw ribbon type drying device 12 and the carbonization device 11.
The porosity of the metal mesh 48 was 51%. Further, the radius b of the outer cylinder 38 is 148 mm, the thickness c of the inner cylinder 36 is 5 mm, the angle θ of the enlarged gap portion 42b is 22.5 °, and the length of the constant gap portion 42a is 3 mm larger than the length of the enlarged gap portion 42b. (Gap d) Short. The soy sauce cake is dried and carbonized in the screw ribbon type dryer 12 and the carbonizer 11. The conditions are as follows: dry hot air temperature 250 ° C., soy sauce cake supply amount 12.8 kg / hr, retention. The time is 60 minutes, and the dry distillation conditions are dry distillation hot air temperature 365.
℃, supply amount of soy sauce cake 10.0kg / hr, residence time 60min
Met. The properties of the dried meal and the vinegar solution thus obtained are as shown in Table 2. Table 1 shows the particle size distributions of flaky raw soy sauce cake and crushed and dried soy sauce cake (the middle row is a commercially available
Shows the particle size distribution of dry meal). The drying device 12
Is heated using the combustion exhaust gas from the carbonization device 11.

Comparative Example 1 As a comparative example, a case will be described in which soy sauce meal is used as the food meal and dried and carbonized in the form of flakes without a crushing step. As in Example 1, the soy sauce cake is dried and dry-distilled in the screw ribbon type drying device 12 and the dry distillation device 11, and the conditions are as follows:
℃, soy sauce cake feed rate 12.8kg / hr, residence time 60min
The dry distillation conditions were a dry distillation hot air temperature of 365 ° C., a soy sauce cake feed rate of 10.0 kg / hr, and a residence time of 60 min. The properties of the dried meal and the vinegar solution thus obtained are as shown in Table 2.

If the water content of the raw soy sauce cake is reduced to a predetermined value (10% or less) while maintaining the flaky form, the soy sauce cake is often partially carbonized. If this is crushed and then fed to the apparatus, partial carbonization due to drying is eliminated. Then, the vinegar solution obtained by dry distillation was, as shown in Table 2, brix (B
rix) It is highly desirable as a plant growth promoter having a high sugar content and a pH value of not more than neutral.

[0017]

[Table 1]

[0018]

[Table 2]

As shown in Table 1, most of the raw soy sauce cakes to be heat-treated are flakes having a short side of 5 mm or more and a thickness of 2 to 4 mm. When such a soy sauce cake is dried by the screw ribbon type dryer 12, as shown in Table 2, the quality of the dried cake becomes flakes in shape, and the dry distillation liquid (vinegar solution) is
A product having a high pH and a low Brix sugar content can be obtained. The reason why the vinegar solution of such quality can be obtained is the heat conduction of the soy sauce cake. As shown in FIG. 4, the raw soy sauce meal has a higher thermal conductivity than the crushed and dried meal. But,
The raw soy sauce cake has a flaky shape, and has a small contact area with the iron skin of the carbonization furnace, which is the heat transfer surface. Therefore, before the entire soy sauce cake reduces the water content to the prescribed value,
Partial overheating causes thermal decomposition, resulting in loss of vinegar component. As a result, the resulting vinegar solution Brix
It will reduce the sugar content. Also, generally,
PH of the aqueous solution obtained when pyrolyzing (dry-distilling) dried meal
Has been found to start at a low pH value, rise and fall once and then rise again, as shown in FIG. This means
It is shown that when partial carbonization occurs, the components on the low pH side are lost along with water during drying, and the pH of the final product, vinegar, increases. From this, if soy sauce cake is crushed (milled) and pulverized (powdered), the contact area with the heat transfer surface can be increased, resulting in partial thermal overheating and partial decomposition. Carbonization does not occur. As a result, as in Example 1, the pH of the vinegar solution obtained when dry distillation was carried out was low, and the vinegar solution component was large (Brix).
It has a high sugar content).

[0020]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects. (1) Since the food meal is crushed and then heat-treated, the quality of products such as vinegar can be improved and stabilized. (2) Since a crusher dedicated to food meal is installed, it is possible to make the device compact and save energy.
Further, the crushed food meal can be efficiently and continuously supplied. (3) When the inner cylinder is provided with sawtooth-shaped irregularities, the food meal can be efficiently crushed (milled). (4) When a mesh having a predetermined hole diameter is provided on the meal outlet side, the food meal can be supplied with a predetermined hole diameter or less. (5) When soy sauce cake is used as the food meal, the quality of the vinegar obtained by the heat treatment is stable and a desirable plant growth promoter is obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a systematic sectional configuration diagram showing an example of a heat treatment apparatus for food waste according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing an example of a crusher in the apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing an example of inner walls of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder of the crusher shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the thermal conductivity of soy sauce cake.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes over time in the properties of vinegar obtained when soy sauce cake is subjected to dry distillation in a batch system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Crusher 11 Dry distillation device 12 Drying device 13 Inner cylinder 14 Meal hopper 15 Casing 16 Supply screw 17 Dry meal hopper 18 Dry meal outlet 19 Supply screw 20 Dry gas line 21 Inner cylinder 22 Condenser 23 Dry distillation carbon outlet 24 Conveying screw 26 Dry distillation Gas line 27 Condenser 28 Conveyor screw 29 Casing 30 Rotary valve 32 Rotary valve 34 Hot air supply pipe 36 Inner cylinder 38 Outer cylinder 40 Serrated irregularities 42 Gap 42a Constant gap part 42b Gap expansion part 44 Substantially vertical surface 46 Lean outlet 48 Mesh 50 Motor 52 Motor 54 Motor 55 Rotary Valve 56 Motor 57 Rotary Valve

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (72) Kozo Nagayasu 1-1 Kawasaki-cho, Akashi-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd. Akashi Plant (72) Hiroyuki Mizukami 3-1-1 Higashikawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe Issue Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.Kobe Plant (72) Inventor Katsumi Yuasa 339 Noda, Noda, Chiba Prefecture Kikkoman Corporation (72) Inventor Makoto Okayasu 339, Noda, Noda City, Chiba Prefecture (72) Inventor Norikazu Fujii 339 Noda, Noda City, Chiba Prefecture Kikkoman Corporation (72) Inventor Hitomi Yamaguchi 339 Noda, Noda City Chiba Prefecture Kikkoman Corporation

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A method for heat treating food meal, which comprises crushing the food meal to reduce the particle size of the food meal and then drying and dry-distilling the food meal. 2. The particle size of the food meal is crushed by crushing the food meal to a particle size of 3
A method for heat treating food meal, which comprises drying and dry-distilling the food meal after having reduced the size to mm or less. 3. The heat treatment method for food meal according to claim 1, wherein soy sauce meal is used as the food meal. 4. A crusher for crushing the food meal is provided at a subsequent stage of the meal supplying section for supplying the food meal as a raw material,
A heat treatment device for food meal, characterized in that a heat treatment section for drying and dry-distilling the food meal is provided in the subsequent stage of this crusher. 5. The crusher is a single roll mill, which comprises a rotatable inner cylinder having sawtooth-shaped irregularities on the surface and an outer cylinder having a gap between the inner cylinder and the food meal in the gap. The heat treatment apparatus for food meal according to claim 4, which is configured to grind the food. 6. The inner cylinder of the crusher has a constant gap portion in which the gap between the outer cylinder and the outer cylinder is kept constant and a gap enlarged portion in which the gap from the outer cylinder gradually increases, and the end portions are alternately superposed. 6. The heat treatment apparatus for food waste according to claim 5, wherein the heat treatment device for food waste is provided with a surface substantially perpendicular to the tangential direction of the outer cylinder, which is provided in a portion where the gap from the outer cylinder gradually increases. 7. The food according to claim 4, wherein a mesh having a specified pore size is provided on the meal outlet side of the crusher in order to supply only the food meal having a specific particle size or less to the heat treatment section. Heat treatment equipment for lees. 8. The heat treatment apparatus for food meal according to claim 7, wherein a mesh having openings of 3 mm in pore size is provided on the meal outlet side of the crusher in order to supply only the food meal having a particle size of 3 mm or less to the heat treatment section. . 9. The food meal is soy sauce meal, and the heat treatment section is a drying device and a carbonization device for obtaining vinegar.
The heat treatment apparatus for food meal according to any one of 1.