JPH09260922A - Method for configuring portable radio equipment antenna and antenna system for portable radio equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the excellent antenna characteristics by improving the antenna for a portable radio equipment so as to avoid the antenna from projecting from a radio equipment casing and without the need for manual operation such as extension by extraction or push containing before and after the use. SOLUTION: An antenna element 9 whose electric length is λ/2 is fixedly placed along a top face of a radio equipment case. An opening end of an exciter 8 whose electric length is λ/4 is capacitively coupled 10 with the antenna element 9. A caption 7 indicates an earth pattern. A core wire 11a of a coaxial cable 11 is connected and in continuity to an input terminal of the exciter 8 and an outer conductor 11b of the coaxial cable 11 is connected to the earth pattern 7. A microstrip line may by used to connect the exciter 8 to a high frequency circuit in place of the coaxial cable 11.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing an antenna suitable for a portable wireless device and an improved antenna device suitable for a portable wireless device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is desired that an antenna for a portable radio device does not protrude from the radio device housing when it is carried, or that the amount of protrusion is small.

FIG. 7 shows a portable wireless device equipped with a conventional antenna, (A) is a front view schematically showing the use state of a retractable linear antenna, and (B) is a fixed helical antenna. FIG. Retractable wire antenna 2
Is used by being pulled out from the wireless device housing 1 and extended as shown in FIG. 3A, and after use, it can be pushed into the wireless device housing 1 for storage. Although not shown, an undulating antenna is also known, which can be pivotally extended and tilted to be stored in place of the drawer extension and push-in storage. The fixed helical antenna 3 has a mechanical length dimension L that is shorter than its electrical length by using a helical antenna element, and is used in a state of being projected from the radio housing 1. It is designed to be carried and stored. The fixed helical antenna 3 is generally covered with a flexible and electrically insulating antenna cover.

[0004]

The retractable linear antenna and the fixed helical antenna of the above-mentioned conventional example have respective short and long points. (A) The retractable antenna is manually (before or after) used (or pulled up). ), It has to be extended or pushed in (or tilted) to be stored, so the operation is cumbersome, and there is no fear that the user will be dissatisfied with the time loss spent in the extension operation especially when an emergency is required. Not. Further, unless special measures are taken in the waterproof structure of the mounting portion, there is a risk that rainwater or the like may enter the radio device housing. (B) The fixed antenna is convenient because it does not require extension and storage operations of the antenna before and after use, and it is also advantageous in terms of waterproof structure of the antenna mounting portion, but the wireless device housing 1 is also suitable for carrying. It is difficult to handle because there is a protrusion of dimension L. As an actual industrial problem, not only is there a functional defect due to the protrusion, but the presence of the protrusion is not preferable in terms of design.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and (a) it is not necessary to manually extend and store before and after use, and (b) a housing of a radio device. There is no component projecting in a column shape from (c) excellent waterproofness of the antenna mounting part, and (d) excellent antenna characteristics,
(E) An object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing an antenna for a mobile wireless device, which is cheaper in manufacturing cost than performance, and an antenna device.

[0006]

The present inventor, while continuing various researches on the improvement of the antenna for portable radio device according to the conventional type, performs the above-described undulating antenna (rotational extension / tilt storage type antenna). It has been found that when a specific condition (details described later) is satisfied for the combination of the constituent members of the antenna), the antenna performance is relatively excellent even when the antenna is tilted without causing the antenna. Therefore, more detailed constituent requirements in the combination of the specific constituent members, that is, the arrangement (relative positional relationship) of each constituent member, the shape and size of each constituent member, the electrical influence on each constituent member, and the principle As a result of earnest research on partial replacement with a component equivalent to the above, a new technique capable of achieving the above-mentioned objects (1) to (2) has been created.

[0007] Therefore, the present inventor further adapted to enhance the industrial utility (for example, the configuration of the antenna assembly suitable as a market distribution form, the connection structure with the radio device substrate, etc.) and the manufacturing without deteriorating the performance. Completed a series of many inventions (14) with the same purpose such as cost reduction. To briefly describe the basic principle of the series of inventions, an antenna according to the present invention includes an antenna element having an electric length of λ / 2 and an electric length λ / 4 capacitively coupled to the antenna element. The exciter and the ground plate (earth pattern) are essential components, and the antenna element is placed along the top surface of the radio housing (in a metaphorical sense, lie down without standing. )Deploy.

The constituent members listed above are publicly known members, and it is beyond the scope of design consideration simply by combining these members. However, the three-dimensional arrangement of these constituent members achieves the above-mentioned object. As a specific configuration for achieving the object, in the configuration of the invention of claim 1, an antenna element having an electrical length λ / 2 is fixedly installed along an outer peripheral wall of a radio device casing, and the antenna element is provided. The open end of the exciter having an electrical length of λ / 4 is capacitively coupled to one end of the, and the core wire of the coaxial cable is connected to the feeding end of the λ / 4 exciter. At the same time, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the ground plate for conduction. According to the invention of claim 1 described above, since the antenna element is fixedly installed along the outer peripheral wall of the wireless device housing, the antenna does not protrude from the wireless device housing, which is an obstacle to carrying. In addition, there is no risk of damaging the design and lowering the product value. Further, since the antenna element is fixedly installed, there is no need for manual operation for extension and storage before and after use, and there is no risk of time loss due to antenna operation during emergency use. Further, since the antenna element is capacitively coupled to the exciter, there is no risk of impeding the waterproof structure of the wireless device housing, and the antenna element is fixedly installed to the wireless device housing. Since the antenna does not slide or rotate, there is no risk of water being flooded into the radio housing from the location where the antenna is mechanically supported. Moreover, despite not performing the operation for raising the antenna as described above, the antenna characteristics comparable or superior to those of the conventional example can be obtained. In particular, the antenna construction method according to the invention of claim 1 is suitable for industrial production in a state where the division of labor between the radio manufacturer and the antenna manufacturer is established, and the antenna structure portion is specialized in the antenna. It is suitable for manufacturers to carry out under high quality control by professional equipment and professional engineers.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, an antenna element having an electric length of λ / 2 is fixedly installed along the outer peripheral wall of the radio housing, and is formed on the radio board. Length λ /
4 capacitively couples the open end of the exciter to the antenna element, forms a ground pattern on the radio device substrate except for the area where the exciter is formed, and forms the ground pattern on the radio device substrate. An output end of the formed high frequency circuit and an input end of the exciter are electrically connected through a microstrip line. Claim 2 described above
According to the invention of claim 1, since the antenna element is fixedly installed along the outer peripheral wall of the radio device housing, the antenna element does not project from the radio device housing as in the invention of claim 1. Before and after use, there is no need for extension and storage operations, it is convenient to maintain waterproofness, and excellent antenna characteristics can be obtained. However, the effect of the invention method of claim 2 is the same as that of claim 1. The difference is that, with close technical cooperation between the antenna manufacturer and the radio manufacturer, it is more advantageous in reducing the size and weight of the device and reducing the manufacturing cost. That is, in the first aspect of the invention, the exciter, which is a separate and independent component, is formed on the high-frequency circuit board, and the same independent ground plate is formed as a ground pattern on the high-frequency circuit board. Therefore, it is advantageous in cost reduction. Moreover, since the high frequency circuit and the exciter are formed on the same substrate, it is not necessary to use a coaxial cable which is a separate member to connect the two, and it is formed as a conduction pattern on the substrate. It can be connected by a microstrip line.
Therefore, the number of constituent parts can be reduced, and the soldering work for connecting the coaxial cable is not required, so that the manufacturing cost is further reduced.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first and second aspects of the invention, an elongated conductor forms the antenna element having the electrical length λ / 2, and one or both ends thereof. Is characterized in that the long side of the contour shape of the antenna element having an electrical length λ / 2 is made substantially equal to the width dimension of the radio device housing by bending or folding the end portion of . According to the invention of claim 3 described above, the mechanical shape of the antenna element having the electrical length λ / 2 (that is, the antenna element electrically resonating at λ / 2) is fitted to the housing of the radio device. It is easy to produce, suitable for industrial production, and low in manufacturing cost.

The structure of the invention according to claim 4 is the above-mentioned claims 1-3.
In addition to the configuration of the invention described above, the capacitive coupling between the open end of the exciter having the electrical length λ / 4 and the antenna element having the electrical length λ / 2 can be made to be substantially critical coupling. Characterize. According to the invention of claim 4 described above, it is possible to obtain antenna characteristics excellent in sensitivity (antenna gain) and broadband.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the two substrates are supported so as to face each other substantially in parallel, and the electrical length λ / 2 is provided on one of the two substrates. Antenna element is disposed, and an exciter having an electrical length of λ / 4 and a ground pattern are disposed on the other of the two substrates, and one of the antenna elements is disposed. And an open end of the exciter face each other so that a capacitance is formed between them, and the core of the coaxial cable is at the input end of the exciter, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is at the end. It is characterized in that it is connected to each of the ground patterns. According to the invention of claim 5 described above, since the antenna element is fixedly arranged on the substrate and is not a structure for pulling out, pushing in, or causing or pushing down the antenna element, before use, There is no need for manual operation afterwards, and no time loss occurs during emergency use. Moreover, an antenna gain and a wide band property comparable to those of the conventional manually extended and retractable antenna can be obtained. Furthermore, since the structure is neither a structure for pulling out or pushing in the antenna, nor a structure for causing or pushing down the antenna, a mechanism for mechanically supporting the antenna is sufficient with a simple structure, and it is easy to maintain waterproofness. further,
Since the antenna element is capacitively coupled to the high frequency circuit of the wireless device, there is no place where it is in contact and conducting while sliding or rotating mechanically, so troubles due to poor contact occur. Therefore, the operation reliability is high. Moreover, since the antenna element is formed on the substrate, the antenna element does not project from the radio housing housing the substrate, which is convenient for handling and is preferable in terms of design. Furthermore, since the antenna device has no moving parts, the mechanical structure is simple and the manufacturing cost is low.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, in addition to the configuration of the fifth aspect, a substrate on which the antenna element is disposed,
The exciter and the board on which the ground pattern is placed are covered with an antenna cover to form an assembly consisting of a rectangular thick plate block whose long side is approximately equal to the width dimension of the radio housing and a coaxial cable. The rectangular thick plate-shaped block is attached to the top surface of the radio casing, and the coaxial cable is connected to the radio substrate to be used. According to the invention of claim 6 described above, the antenna device according to the present invention constitutes a “block covered with a cover”, and
It constitutes one assembly (assembly part) to which a coaxial cable for connection is attached. Therefore, this assembly is manufactured by an antenna manufacturer and has market marketability as an assembly. Moreover, the manufacturer of the radio receives the above-mentioned assembly and mounts it on the radio housing to quickly and easily. The present invention can be implemented to take advantage of its effects. According to the configuration of the invention of claim 6, the antenna having excellent performance can be supplied to the market under the division of labor between the antenna maker and the radio maker as described above, and can be utilized for industrial development.

The structure of the invention of claim 7 is the same as that of claims 5 and 6 above.
In addition to the above configuration, the board on which the antenna element is arranged and the board on which the exciter and the ground pattern are arranged are fixed to each other through an electrically insulating spacer, The interval dimension of λ / 100 to λ
It is characterized by being regulated at / 15. According to the invention of claim 7 described above, among the constituent members of the invention according to claim 5, the two substrates, which are the main members sharing the mechanical strength, are strong in shape, Moreover, since the electrical relative position is fixed, there is no fear that the electrical performance of the antenna device will be disturbed even if it is subjected to vibration or shock, and an antenna that is not only highly reliable but also durable Can be configured.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an exciter having an electric length of λ / 4 is formed on a part of a radio device board that constitutes a high frequency circuit, and the exciter has an open end. An antenna element having an electric length of λ / 2 is disposed so as to be opposed to each other, and the antenna element is disposed substantially along a surface of a radio device housing, and the open end of the exciter and the antenna element are disposed. Is characterized in that an electrostatic capacitance is formed between the input terminal and the input terminal. According to the invention of claim 8 described above, since the antenna element is arranged substantially along the surface of the radio housing and does not project from the housing, it does not hinder the handling, and the design is improved. There is no fear of causing a defect. In addition, it is possible to exert excellent electrical performance while keeping the antenna element along the surface of the housing without requiring extension and storage operations before and after use. Further, since the mechanism for sliding or rotating the antenna element is not provided, the structure is simple and highly reliable, the manufacturing cost is low, and there is a possibility that a trouble may occur with respect to the waterproofness of the antenna mounting portion. There is no.

According to a ninth aspect of the invention, in addition to the configuration of the eighth aspect of the invention, the input end of the exciter formed on the radio board and the output of the high frequency circuit formed on the radio board are provided. The end is connected and electrically connected via a microstrip line configured on the wireless device substrate and a wireless device output connector mounted on the wireless device substrate. According to the invention of claim 9 described above, it is not necessary to use a coaxial cable for connection conduction between the exciter and the high frequency circuit, the number of constituent parts can be reduced, and a member for connecting the coaxial cable or Since the soldering work of the coaxial cable is not required, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In addition, a tester can be connected to the output connector as needed to inspect and adjust the electrical performance of the high-frequency circuit, so that adjustment work can be performed quickly and easily.

A tenth aspect of the present invention is based on the fifth aspect.
In addition to the structure of the ninth aspect of the invention, the antenna element having an electrical length of λ / 2 is a semi-loop type antenna element in which a part of a thin conductor plate formed in a frame shape along the periphery of the substrate is cut out. And a component formed by the conductive pattern on the substrate or a component formed by machining a metal plate. According to the tenth aspect of the present invention described above, the antenna element is mechanically accurately and reliably fixed by accommodating and installing the substrate on which the antenna element is formed in the radio housing. Since the antenna element is protected by the radio housing, there is no possibility of being damaged by an external force or being contaminated by foreign matter, and the durability is improved.

The structure of the invention of claim 11 is the same as that of claim 5
In addition to the structure of the ninth aspect of the invention, the antenna element having the electrical length λ / 2 is a substantially rectangular metal plate member, one end of which is bent at a substantially right angle to open the exciter. Capacitance is formed so as to face and be separated from the end, and the side adjacent to the bent side forming the capacitance is set to be substantially equal to the width dimension of the wireless device housing, The strip-shaped antenna element is disposed near the top surface of the radio housing, and the other end of the strip-shaped antenna element is bent substantially at a right angle along the side surface of the radio housing to form a three-dimensional antenna element. It is characterized in that it has a deformed U-shape. According to the eleventh aspect of the invention described above, the antenna element can be easily manufactured, and the material of the antenna element mass-produced industrially (for example, an unfinished product stamped and punched) is used.
Can be easily adapted to the shape and dimensions of the radio housing, resulting in low cost in mass production in material production, and being easily adaptable to the shape and dimensions of the radio housing, and highly versatile. .

The structure of the invention of claim 12 is the same as that of claims 5 to 5.
In addition to the configuration of the ninth aspect of the invention, the antenna element of the antenna element having the electrical length λ / 2 is a rectangular metal plate having a mechanical length of about λ / 2, or a mechanical length of about λ / 2. / 2 metal wire, and one end of the antenna element is λ / 4
The relative position to the open end of the exciter is fixed,
The other end of the antenna element may be plastically deformed as required to be formed into a shape that fits the radio housing, or the mechanical length may be cut down to adjust the electrical length. It is characterized by becoming. According to the twelfth aspect of the invention described above, the main constituent members necessary for constructing the invention of the fifth to ninth aspects are combined, and important points regarding the positional relationship between the constituent members are fixed. Therefore, the antenna device according to the twelfth aspect can be easily adapted to various types of radio housings. Therefore, if attention is paid to the production of the antenna device, a small number of models can be mass-produced, quality control and process control can be facilitated, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the invention, there is provided the above tenth aspect.
In addition to the configuration of the invention of
It is characterized in that the shape and dimensions are set by correcting the influence of the earth pattern so that it electrically resonates at λ / 2 in the use state. According to the invention of claim 13 described above, the shape and dimensions of the λ / 2 antenna element are corrected in consideration of the influence of the earth pattern in advance, so that the antenna manufacturer can adapt the antenna to a wireless device manufactured by the manufacturer. When ordering and mounting the device, it is not necessary to readjust to eliminate the influence of the ground pattern, and the antenna performance in the best state can be exhibited.

The structure of the invention of claim 14 is the same as that of claims 5 to 5.
In addition to the structure of the ninth aspect of the invention, the exciter is arranged in a plane in which the earth pattern is located, or is arranged in a plane parallel to and close to the ground pattern in a zigzag shape. It is characterized by being a container. According to the fourteenth aspect of the invention described above, the mechanical shape and size of the exciter having an electric length of λ / 4 can be made small.
Moreover, since the exciter and the earth pattern are arranged on substantially the same plane, for example, the exciter and the earth pattern are formed in the same process as the conduction pattern on the substrate, so that the exciter and the earth pattern are rationally produced. In addition, it is possible to regulate the relational positions of both constituent members with high accuracy and stably hold the relational positions of both.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an antenna device for a portable wireless device according to the present invention, and is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which each component is assembled to form an antenna assembly. Is. Two substrates, first
The substrate 5 and the second substrate 6 are fixed via a spacer (not shown) so as to be parallel to each other. The vertical and horizontal dimensions of these substrates are set so as to be adapted to the dimensions of the radio housing in which the antenna assembly is to be mounted, as will be described later with reference to FIG. As for the space between the first substrate 5 and the second substrate, the best size may be experimentally selected, but according to the research results of the present inventor, λ / 100 to λ where λ is the wavelength of the radio wave used. If it is set within the range of / 15, it is possible to make the antenna assembly 4 compact and have good antenna characteristics at the same time.

A ground pattern 7 and a zigzag λ / 4 exciter 8 are arranged on the first substrate 5. In this embodiment, the earth pattern and the exciter are formed by a conduction pattern. In the case of carrying out the present invention, the exciter and the ground plate may be formed by pressing a metal plate, but if the printed board technology is applied to form the conductive pattern as in the present embodiment, it is possible to achieve high accuracy and low cost. It can be mass produced. The λ / 4 exciter 8
Is configured to resonate at λ / 4 of the used radio wave, but it is preferable to form it in a zigzag shape as in the present embodiment because the mechanical contour shape and dimensions can be made small.

A semi-loop antenna element 9 electrically resonating at λ / 2 is formed on the second substrate 6 by a conductive pattern. The semi-loop antenna element 9 of the present embodiment assumes a frame-shaped portion that surrounds the periphery of the second substrate 6 and has a shape in which a part thereof is cut away. With this configuration, the mechanical contour size of the antenna element can be made shorter than λ / 2, and the radio housing to which the antenna assembly 4 is to be mounted (see FIG. 2 for details).
Can be adapted to the dimensions described below).
With the above configuration, an electrostatic capacitance is formed between the open end of the λ / 4 exciter 8 and one end of the λ / 2 semi-loop antenna, and the two are capacitively coupled 10. The capacitance value is set so that the resonance of the λ / 4 exciter 8 and the resonance of the λ / 2 semi-loop antenna element 9 are substantially critically coupled.

Reference numeral 11 is a coaxial cable for connecting the antenna assembly to a high frequency circuit (not shown). The core wire 11a is connected and conducted to the input end of the λ / 4 exciter 8 by soldering, and the outer conductor 11b is connected and conducted to the earth pattern 7. When a coaxial cable is used in this type of antenna device, sufficient energy cannot be transferred unless the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is properly grounded. Therefore, as described above, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 11 is surely grounded. Doing is an important component. On the other hand, regarding the λ / 2 semi-loop antenna element 9, the resonance state thereof is affected by the ground pattern 7. Therefore, the shape and size of the λ / 2 semi-loop antenna element are corrected in advance so that the λ / 2 semi-loop antenna element electrically resonates at λ / 2 in consideration of the influence of the ground.

FIG. 2 is a partial view showing a state in which the antenna assembly of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is attached to a radio casing and connected to a radio substrate housed in the radio casing. FIG. As described above, in FIG. 1, the first substrate 5 and the second substrate 6 are fixed to each other via a spacer (not shown). further,
Although not shown, the first substrate 5 and the second substrate 6 are covered with an antenna cover made of synthetic rubber to form one block. Specifically, the antenna assembly 4 in which the coaxial cable 11 is connected to a rectangular thick plate-shaped block covered with an antenna cover (metaphorically speaking, a tail is attached) is formed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the block-shaped portion of the antenna assembly 4 is attached to the top surface of the radio housing 1. The coaxial cable 11 is connected to the wireless device output connector 13 mounted on the wireless device substrate 12.

As can be easily understood from FIG. 2, the length dimension L of the rectangular plate-shaped block is matched with the width dimension W of the radio housing 1 in advance. If the method of constructing the antenna assembly 4 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is adopted,
Antenna manufacturers are specialized factories in the field of antenna devices consisting of blocks with coaxial cables, and by using specialized equipment, specialized technicians supply inexpensive and high-quality antenna assemblies. When supplied, it is quickly transferred to the radio housing,
Can be easily mounted. Therefore, the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 greatly contribute to the development of the antenna device industry by promoting the division of labor. FIG. 3 shows the above-mentioned FIG.
3 is a graph showing SWR characteristics of the antenna device in the embodiment of FIG. 2. It can be read from FIG. 3 that it has excellent sensitivity (antenna gain) and practically sufficient broadband.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of an antenna device for a portable radio device according to the present invention, which is different from the above-described FIGS. 1 and 2, and is a perspective view schematically drawn with the radio device casing and antenna cover removed. Is. A high frequency circuit 14 is formed on the wireless device substrate 12, and a ground pattern 15 is formed on the back side thereof. This ground pattern is for the radio board 1
2 is formed in the upper left corner of the figure except the area indicated by the broken line E (area where the λ / 4 exciter 8 is provided). The λ / 4 exciter 8 is a component substantially similar to the λ / 4 exciter 8 in FIG. 1 illustrating the embodiment,
In the present embodiment (FIG. 4), it is configured as a conduction pattern on the radio device substrate 12 for the high frequency circuit 14.
Then, the input end of the λ / 4 exciter 8 and the high frequency circuit 14
The output end of is connected to a solder 18 via a microstrip line 16 formed by a conductive pattern on the radio substrate 12 and a radio output connector 13 mounted on the radio substrate 12. This solder connection is made near the end of the manufacturing process after the inspection and adjustment using the wireless device output connector 13 are completed.

An antenna element 17 having an electrical length of λ / 2 is arranged so as to form the capacitive coupling 10 with respect to the open end of the λ / 4 exciter 8. Although the λ / 2 antenna element 17 of the present embodiment is configured by bending a metallic strip-shaped member, it is not limited to the strip-like shape, and may be, for example, a wire. The above-mentioned items required for the antenna element made of the strip-shaped metal plate or the wire are as follows: (a) Match the shape and dimensions of the radio casing (not shown) (do not project). (B) Resonating electrically at λ / 2. (C) Capacitively coupled to the exciter 8. It is. In order to meet all of these conditions, the antenna element 17 of this embodiment is configured as follows.
(Although it may be strip-shaped or wire) The length L ₁ of one end
Is bent at a right angle so as to face the λ / 4 exciter 8, and the relative positional relationship is adjusted so that the capacitive coupling 10 is in the critical coupling state, and the relative positional relationship near the facing portion is fixed. (The condition of the item c is satisfied). Bend the remaining portion (portion of length L ₃ ) at a right angle so that the portion adjacent to the bent end has a length dimension L ₂ that matches the radio housing (not shown), and Molding is performed so that the shape becomes a deformed U-shape (the condition of the item a is satisfied).

The remaining condition is the condition (b) (resonance at λ / 2). This condition is almost satisfied by setting the mechanical length dimension of the strip-shaped metal plate or the wire to λ / 2 in advance, but the influence of the ground pattern 15 due to the bending of the length dimension L ₃ portion. Changes, so make fine adjustments as follows. Λ / 2 shown in FIG.
The dimension L ₁ of the modified U-shaped antenna element 17 is set to an appropriate degree to configure the capacitive coupling 10, and the above dimension L ₁ is naturally determined although there is some margin. Further, the dimension L ₂ is formed by bending in accordance with the width dimension of the radio device casing (not shown) as described above. Therefore, the dimension L ₃ shown in the drawing is the dimension L ₁ from the strip-shaped or wire-shaped metal material.
Corresponds to the remaining dimensions after subtracting the portion of and the portion of dimension L ₂ . Therefore, it is desirable that the total length dimension of the metal material (material that has not been bent and formed) be set slightly larger than λ / 2, and the tip end thereof be appropriately cut to adjust the dimension L ₃ . With such a configuration (providing a trimming allowance for adjustment), the antenna device assembly supplied from the antenna manufacturer is bent according to the width dimension of the wireless device housing of the model desired by the wireless device manufacturer. It is also possible to stock a single type of antenna device semi-finished product at an antenna maker, perform final finishing so as to have a size L ₂ according to an order from a radio device maker, and then ship. . When the dimension L ₂ is appropriately determined as described above, not only the dimension L ₃ changes but also the distance between the portion of the dimension L ₂ and the ground pattern 15 changes. Therefore, the modified U-shaped antenna element 17 has The resonance state also changes. Therefore, the end portion of the material is cut down so as to correct the above change, and finally fine adjustment is performed. The above-mentioned fine adjustment operation may be performed for each antenna device, but if the proper size is grasped using the sample,
All other products should be bent and cut according to this.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of an antenna device for a portable wireless device in an embodiment different from that of FIG. 4 described above. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the both ends of the material for the antenna element are bent to form the deformed U-shaped antenna element 17 having an electrical length of λ / 2, whereas in the embodiment of FIG. Machining (press punching)
Then, both ends were folded back. The above-mentioned turning back means to bend twice, and the electrical length is λ / 2.
The embodiment of FIG. 4 and the embodiment of FIG. 5 are, in principle, similar to each other in the sense that the length of the mechanical contour is reduced to fit the radio housing. Although not shown, as a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 5, instead of the λ / 2 semi-loop antenna element 9 formed by machining a metal plate, a λ / 2 semi-loop is formed by a conductive pattern formed in a substrate. It is also possible to use a loop antenna element or a semi-loop antenna element formed by bending a wire.

FIG. 6 shows an antenna device for a portable radio device according to an embodiment which is different from the above-mentioned FIGS. 4 and 5, and schematically shows a state in which the lid of the radio device housing is removed, and the symbol of an electric component. It is a front view which added the mark. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the length dimension L ₄ of the mechanical contour is shorter than the width dimension W of the wireless device housing 1, and the flat antenna element 19 having an electrical length of λ / 2 is configured. The antenna element 19 is fitted in the top wall of the radio housing.
That is, the flat plate antenna element 19 forms part of the top wall of the radio housing. The λ / 2 plate-shaped antenna element does not necessarily have to be a flat strip shape, and the end portion is bent or folded back in order to make the mechanical length dimension shorter than λ / 2. Can be configured. When the end portion is bent or pushed back in this way, the external appearance of the antenna element is similar to the antenna element in the embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5 described above, but the basic difference is the present embodiment ( The λ / 2 flat plate antenna element 19 of FIG. 6) is fitted into the top wall of the radio housing to form a part of the top wall. Although not shown, it is desirable that the λ / 2 plate antenna element 19 shown in FIG. 6 be covered with an antenna cover. As a result, it is possible to prevent the λ / 2 plate antenna from being damaged or soiled and to improve the waterproof property.

[0034]

According to the invention of claim 1, the antenna element is arranged along the outer peripheral wall of the radio equipment casing as described above to clarify the constitution and function of the embodiment of the present invention. Since the antenna is fixedly installed, the antenna does not project from the radio housing, does not interfere with carrying, and there is no risk of damaging the design and reducing the commercial value. Further, since the antenna element is fixedly installed, there is no need for manual operation for extension and storage before and after use, and there is no risk of time loss due to antenna operation during emergency use. Further, since the antenna element is capacitively coupled to the exciter, there is no risk of impeding the waterproof structure of the wireless device housing, and the antenna element is fixedly installed to the wireless device housing. Since the antenna does not slide or rotate, there is no risk of water being flooded into the radio housing from the location where the antenna is mechanically supported. Moreover, despite not performing the operation for raising the antenna as described above, the antenna characteristics comparable or superior to those of the conventional example can be obtained. In particular, the antenna construction method according to the invention of claim 1 is suitable for industrial production in a state where the division of labor between the radio manufacturer and the antenna manufacturer is established, and the antenna structure portion is specialized in the antenna. It is suitable for manufacturers to carry out under high quality control by professional equipment and professional engineers.

According to the invention of claim 2, since the antenna element is fixedly installed along the outer peripheral wall of the radio equipment casing, the antenna element is provided with the radio element casing as in the invention of claim 1. It does not protrude from the body, does not require extension and storage operations before and after use, is suitable for maintaining waterproofness, and has excellent antenna productivity, but the effect of the invention method of claim 2 is obtained. What is different from the effect of claim 1 is that it is more advantageous in terms of downsizing and weight reduction of the device and reduction of manufacturing cost under close technical cooperation between the antenna manufacturer and the radio device manufacturer. That is, in the first aspect of the invention, the exciter, which is a separate and independent component, is formed on the high-frequency circuit board, and the same independent ground plate is formed as a ground pattern on the high-frequency circuit board. Therefore, it is advantageous in cost reduction. Moreover, since the high-frequency circuit and the exciter are formed on the same substrate, it is not necessary to use a coaxial cable that is a separate member to connect the two, and a micro pattern configured as a conduction pattern on the substrate is used. It can be connected by strip lines. Therefore, the number of constituent parts can be reduced, and the soldering work for connecting the coaxial cable is not required, so that the manufacturing cost is further reduced.

According to the invention of claim 3, the electrical length is λ.
It is easy to fit the mechanical shape of a 1/2 antenna element (that is, an antenna element that electrically resonates at λ / 2) to the housing of the wireless device, is suitable for industrial production, and has a low manufacturing cost. Can be tightened. According to the invention of claim 4, it is possible to obtain the antenna gain which is excellent in sensitivity (antenna gain) and wide band property.

According to the invention of claim 5, the antenna element is fixedly arranged on the substrate and is not structured to pull out, push in, raise or push down the antenna element. Therefore, before and after use. No manual operation is required and no time loss occurs in emergency use. Moreover, the antenna gain and the wide band property comparable to those of the conventional manually extended and retractable antenna can be obtained. Furthermore, since the structure is neither a structure for pulling out or pushing in the antenna, nor a structure for causing or pushing down the antenna, a mechanism for mechanically supporting the antenna is sufficient with a simple structure, and it is easy to maintain waterproofness. Furthermore, since the antenna element is capacitively coupled to the radio frequency circuit of the radio, there is no place where connection is conducted while sliding or rotating mechanically. Does not occur, and therefore the operation reliability is high. Moreover, since the antenna element is formed on the substrate, the antenna element does not project from the radio housing housing the substrate, which is convenient for handling and is preferable in terms of design. Furthermore, since the antenna device has no moving parts, the mechanical structure is simple,
Manufacturing cost is low.

According to the invention of claim 6, the antenna device according to the present invention forms a "block covered with a cover", and a single coaxial cable is attached to the block. It is an assembly. Therefore, this assembly is manufactured by an antenna manufacturer and has market marketability as an assembly. Moreover, the radio manufacturer receives the above-mentioned assembly and mounts it in the radio housing to quickly and easily. The present invention can be implemented and its effects can be utilized. According to the invention of claim 6, an antenna having excellent performance can be supplied to the market and utilized for the development under the division of labor between the antenna maker and the radio maker as described above.

According to the invention of claim 7, among the constituent members of the invention according to claim 5, the two substrates, which are the main members sharing the mechanical strength, are strong in shape and ,
Since the electrical relative position is fixed, there is no fear that the electrical performance of the antenna device will be disturbed even if it is subjected to vibration or shock, and the antenna is not only highly reliable but also has excellent durability. be able to. According to the structure of claim 8, since the antenna element is arranged substantially along the surface of the radio housing and does not project from the housing, it does not hinder the handling and may cause a design defect. There is also no. In addition, it is possible to exert excellent electrical performance while keeping the antenna element along the surface of the housing without requiring extension and storage operations before and after use. Further, since the antenna element is not provided with a mechanism for sliding or rotating, the structure is simple and highly reliable, the manufacturing cost is low, and there is a possibility that a trouble may occur in the waterproofness of the antenna mounting portion. There is no. According to the invention of claim 9, it is not necessary to use a coaxial cable for connection and conduction between the exciter and the high-frequency circuit, the number of constituent parts can be reduced, and a member for connecting the coaxial cable and a solder for the coaxial cable can be reduced. Since no attachment work is required, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In addition, a tester can be connected to the output connector as needed to inspect and adjust the electrical performance of the high-frequency circuit, so that adjustment work can be performed quickly and easily.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the substrate on which the antenna element is formed is housed and installed in the radio housing, so that the antenna element is mechanically accurately and reliably fixed, and the antenna is also provided. Since the element is protected by the radio housing, there is no possibility of being damaged by an external force or being contaminated by a foreign substance, and durability is improved. According to the invention of claim 11, it is easy to manufacture the antenna element, and moreover, the industrially mass-produced material of the antenna element (for example, an unfinished product punched by a press) is matched to the shape and the size of the radio housing. It can be easily adapted, resulting in mass production low cost effect in material production,
It is easy to adapt to the shape and dimensions of the radio housing and has high versatility. According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the main constituent members necessary for constructing the invention of the fifth to ninth aspects are combined, and important points regarding the positional relationship between the constituent members are fixed. The antenna device according to item 12 can be easily adapted to various types of radio device housings. Therefore, if attention is paid to the production of the antenna device, a small number of models can be mass-produced, quality control and process control can be facilitated, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, since the shape and size of the λ / 2 antenna element are set in consideration of the influence of the earth pattern in advance, the antenna device adapted by the manufacturer of the wireless device to the wireless device manufactured by the wireless device manufacturer. When ordering and mounting the antenna, it is not necessary to readjust to eliminate the influence of the earth pattern, and the antenna performance in the best state can be exhibited.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the invention, the mechanical shape and size of the exciter having an electric length of λ / 4 can be made small. Moreover, since the exciter and the earth pattern are arranged on substantially the same plane, for example, the exciter and the earth pattern are formed in the same process as the conduction pattern on the substrate, so that the exciter and the earth pattern are rationally produced. It is possible,
Moreover, it is possible to regulate the relational positions of both constituent members with high accuracy and stably hold the relational positions of both.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an embodiment of an antenna device for a portable wireless device according to the present invention, showing a state in which each component is assembled to form an antenna assembly.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state where the antenna assembly of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is attached to a radio casing and is connected to a radio substrate housed in the radio casing. is there.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the SWR characteristics of the antenna device in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 described above.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing an embodiment of an antenna device for a portable wireless device according to the present invention, which is different from the above-described FIGS. 1 and 2, with a wireless device housing and an antenna cover removed.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of an antenna for a portable wireless device in an embodiment different from that of FIG. 4 described above.

FIG. 6 shows an antenna device for a portable wireless device in an embodiment different from the above-described FIGS. 4 and 5, in which a state in which a lid of a wireless device housing is removed is schematically drawn and a symbol mark of an electric component is added. It is a front view.

FIG. 7 shows a portable wireless device including a conventional antenna,
(A) is a front view schematically illustrating a usage state of a retractable linear antenna, and (B) is a front view schematically illustrating a fixed helical antenna.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Radio | wireless machine case, 2 ... Storage type linear antenna, 3 ... Fixed type helical antenna, 4 ... Antenna assembly, 5 ... 1st board, 6 ... 2nd board, 7 ... Ground pattern, 8 ... lambda /
4 exciter, 9 ... λ / 2 semi-loop antenna, 10 ... Capacitive coupling, 11 ... Coaxial cable, 11a ... Core wire, 11b
... outer conductor, 12 ... radio device substrate, 13 ... radio device output connector, 14 ... high frequency circuit, 15 ... ground pattern, 16
... microstrip line, 17 ... λ / 2 modified U-shaped antenna element, 18 ... solder connection, 19 ... λ / 2 flat plate antenna element.

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. An antenna element having an electric length of λ / 2 is fixedly installed along an outer peripheral wall of a radio housing, and an electric length of λ is set to one end of the antenna element. /
Capacitively coupling the open end of the exciter of No. 4 and connecting the core wire of the coaxial cable to the feeding end of the λ / 4 exciter, and connecting the outer conductor of the coaxial cable to the ground plate. A method for configuring an antenna for a portable wireless device, comprising: 2. An excitation device having an electric length of λ / 4 formed on a radio device substrate by fixedly installing an antenna element having an electric length of λ / 2 along the outer peripheral wall of the radio device casing. The open end of the device is capacitively coupled to the antenna element, a ground pattern is formed on the radio device substrate except for the area where the exciter is formed, and the ground pattern is formed on the radio device substrate. A method of constructing an antenna for a portable wireless device, comprising electrically connecting an output end of a high frequency circuit and an input end of the exciter via a microstrip line. 3. The electrical length λ is defined by an elongated conductor.
/ 2 antenna element, and one or both ends thereof are bent or folded back, so that the long side of the contour shape of the antenna element having the electrical length λ / 2 is determined. The method for configuring an antenna for a portable wireless device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the width is substantially equal to the width of the wireless device housing. 4. The capacitive coupling between the open end of the exciter having the electrical length λ / 4 and the antenna element having the electrical length λ / 2 is set to a substantially critical coupling state. To do
A method for constructing an antenna for a portable wireless device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. Two substrates are formed so as to face each other substantially in parallel, and an electric length λ is provided on one of the two substrates.
/ 2 antenna element is disposed, and the electrical length λ is provided on the other of the two substrates.
/ 4 exciter and a ground pattern are arranged, and one end of the antenna element and the open end of the exciter face each other so that a capacitance is formed therebetween, and a coaxial cable Is connected to the input end of the exciter, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the earth pattern. 6. A rectangle in which the substrate on which the antenna element is arranged and the substrate on which the exciter and the ground pattern are arranged are covered with an antenna cover, and a long side of which is approximately equal to the width dimension of the radio housing. An assembly consisting of a thick plate-shaped block and a coaxial cable is formed.The rectangular thick plate-shaped block is attached to the top surface of the radio casing, and the coaxial cable is connected to the radio substrate. Characterized by being adapted to be used,
An antenna device for a portable wireless device according to claim 5. 7. The substrate on which the antenna element is arranged and the substrate on which the exciter and the ground pattern are arranged are fixed to each other via an electrically insulating spacer, Interval size is λ / 100 to λ / 1
5. The antenna device for a portable wireless device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the antenna device is regulated by 5. 8. An exciter having an electric length of λ / 4 is formed on a part of a radio board which constitutes a high frequency circuit, and the electric length is set so as to oppose and be spaced apart from the open end of the exciter. Λ /
Two antenna elements are arranged, and the antenna elements are arranged substantially along the surface of the radio housing, and electrostatic capacitance is provided between the open end of the exciter and the input end of the antenna element. An antenna device for a portable wireless device, wherein: 9. An input end of an exciter formed on the radio substrate and an output end of a high frequency circuit formed on the radio substrate are a microstrip line formed on the radio substrate and the microstrip line. The antenna device for a portable wireless device according to claim 8, wherein the antenna device is connected and conducted via a wireless device output connector mounted on a wireless device board. 10. A semi-loop type antenna element in which the antenna element having the electrical length λ / 2 is a shape obtained by cutting out a part of a thin conductor plate formed in a frame shape along the periphery of a substrate, 10. The portable wireless device according to claim 5, wherein the portable wireless device is a component formed by a conduction pattern on a substrate or a component formed by machining a metal plate. Antenna device. 11. The antenna element having the electrical length λ / 2 is a substantially rectangular metal plate member, one end of which is bent substantially at a right angle to face the open end of the exciter. Capacitances are formed apart from each other, and the side adjacent to the bent side that forms the above-mentioned capacitance is set to be almost equal to the width dimension of the wireless device housing. Is disposed near the top surface of the antenna element, and the other end of the strip-shaped antenna element is bent at a substantially right angle along the side surface of the radio device casing, and the three-dimensional shape of the antenna element is deformed. The antenna device for a portable wireless device according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the antenna device has a V shape. 12. The antenna element having an electrical length of λ / 2 is a rectangular metal plate having a mechanical length of about λ / 2 or a metal wire having a mechanical length of about λ / 2. One end of the antenna element has a fixed position relative to the open end of the λ / 4 exciter, and the other end of the antenna element may be plastically deformed as necessary to make a radio housing. 10. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that it can be molded into a shape that conforms to the above, or its mechanical length dimension can be cut down to adjust the electrical length. Antenna device for portable radio. 13. The antenna element is shaped and dimensioned by correcting the influence of an earth pattern so that it electrically resonates at λ / 2 in a used state. An antenna device for a portable wireless device according to any one of claims 10 to 12. 14. The exciter is a zigzag exciter arranged on a plane in which the earth pattern is located, or arranged on a plane parallel to and close to the plane. An antenna device for a portable wireless device according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that.